Which of the following statements best describes the role of adenylyl cyclase in
the epinephrine signaling pathway?
A.It converts a polymer to its monomer subunits.
B.It moves substances across the plasma membrane.
ect!
C.It accelerates the production of a second messenger.
D.It transfers phosphate groups from to protein substrates.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

C.It accelerates the production of a second messenger.

Explanation:

Adenylyl cyclase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger that activates the protein kinase A (PK-A) protein by dissociation of its regulatory subunit from the catalytic subunit. The first step of the epinephrine signaling pathway consists of the hormone binding to the epinephrine receptor localized on the cell surface. This binding activates a G protein inside the cell, which in turn activates the adenylyl cyclase enzyme. Subsequently, adenylyl cyclase converts ATP molecules into cAMP molecules. Since cAMP transports the message of the epinephrine hormone within the cell this molecule (cAMP) is considered to be a second messenger. Finally, cAMP activates the PK-A enzyme which phosphorylates different proteins and thus triggers different biological processes.


Related Questions

A scientist is using a species of green algae to study the electron transport chain in photosynthesis. He uses a laser to inactivate all of chlorophyll A in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact (case 1). In a separate experiment, the scientist applies a chemical to the algae that inhibit PS I but do not affect PS II (case 2).
Which of the following results is expected?
A)in case 1, only PS I completely loses function; in case 2, no proton gradient is produced.
B)In case 1, only PS I completely loses function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.
C)In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, no proton gradient is produced.
D)In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.

Answers

Answer:

D) In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.

Explanation:

The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis, which produces the ATP and NADPH needed in the light independent stage of the process, includes complexes of proteins and pigments called PHOTOSYSTEMS. These photosystems (I and II) are key to the functionality of the light dependent reactions in the thylakoid.

The major pigment present in both photosystems is CHLOROPHYLL A, which absorbs light energy and transfers electrons to the reaction center. Chlorophyll B is only an accessory pigment meaning it can be done without. Hence, if all of the chlorophyll A is inactivated in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact as in case 1, both PS I and PS II will lose their function because Chlorophyll A is the major pigment that absorbs light energy in both photosystems.

In case 2, if PS I is inhibited and PS II is unaffected, a PROTON GRADIENT WILL STILL BE PRODUCED because the splitting of water into protons (H+) and electrons (e-) occurs in PSII. Hence, H+ ions can still be pumped into the inner membrane of the thylakoid in order to build a proton gradient even without the occurrence of PS I.

5. Bagaimanakah penggunaan plastik serai wangi ini dapat menjaga kesihatan?

Answers

Answer:

It has a lot of health benefits of fragrant lemongrass.

Explanation:

The use of this fragrant lemongrass take care of your health by preventing the growth of some bacteria and yeast. It also used to relieve the pain and swelling, reduce fever, improve sugar levels and cholesterol in the blood. It also have antioxidant properties which prevent the chances of diseases in the body. It is also used for the insects as an insect repellent, in short, fragrant lemongrass has a lot of health benefits.

Need this asap!!!
The diagram below shows part of the process of DNA transcription. Which
mRNA base will go in location 3?
A.Uracil
B.Thymine
C.Cytosine
D.Adenine

Answers

Answer:B

Explanation:

Answer: as of april 25th 2023 its D

Explanation:

thats what i got and i was right also im pretty sure that they switch the order

Scientists study salamanders and their ability to regenerate lost legs and tails. What additional information is essential for scientists to understand in order to apply this ability to humans who have lost limbs?

how quickly the body parts regenerate
how similar salamanders are to humans
which body parts are most often lost
which genes control regeneration

Answers

Answer:

The answer could be:

(/) which genes control regeneration

(/) how similar salamanders are to humans

(x) how quickly the body parts regenerate  (salamanders' size and form does not equate to human beings)

(x) which body parts are most often lost  (it was already given that it's legs and limbs)

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Cause i am the smartest

1. John observed bacteria at 100X under the oil immersion and then decided to go back to 40X

objective by raising the oil objective a little to avoid the damage to objective lens. Critique his

technique. (1 pt.)

Answers

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

In the first instance, the 100X objective does not have any business touching the slide on the stage so that there would not be any reason to raise it a little in order to go back to a lower objective. At higher objectives, only the fine adjustment should be used to bring the object into focus so as to avoid the objective lens from touching the slide which can damage the objective and or break the slide on the stage.

For the X100 objective to be raised in order to avoid a damage to it, it means John allowed the objective to come too close to the slide in the first place. This should not have been so.

Increased numbers of CAG repeats in the exon of a gene is associated with certain diseases. In a specific gene, the existing CAG codons are in the 'zero' reading frame, in- frame with the AUG initiation codon. The effect of increased numbers of CAG repeats on the encoded protein is:___________. a. to silence of the gene to generate a truncated protein b. to generate a protein with a run of consecutive glutamines c. to generate a frameshifted protein product d. none of the above

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - option b. to generate a protein with a run of consecutive glutamines.

Explanation:

The initiation code AUG is the code for methionine and as well as the initiation code for the particular protein or peptide chain. In this protein, there is a repeat of CAG is increased with the initiation code so, even though they are in zero reading frame they code for their amino acid which is glutamine.

So. an increased number of CAG repeats will result in a protein with the a run of consecutive glutamines.

Select three types of land associated with the largest pore size of soil.

peat
swamp
beach
plains
clay
desert

Answers

Answer:

I believe the answers are beach, desert, and clay.

Explanation:

Sand is the largest mineral particle and it has more pore space between its particles.

its beach desert and clay i got it right

Create an illustration showing the application of Chargaff’s rule in the structure of DNA.

Answers

Just make an example of base pairing and then put a 10 beside the A a 10 beside the t a 40 beside the c and 40 beside the G

When two species interact in a way that is beneficial to both species this is what kind of relationship?
A. Parasitic
B. Mutualistic
C. Commensal
D. Symbolic

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Mutualism is a relationship between two species in which both species benefit. Certain species of bacteria in your intestines form a mutualistic relationship with you.

Answer:

D. Symbolic

Explanation:

hope that helps you out love!! <3

how is atmospheric carbon in the form of CO2 converted into a molecule that is usable to all organisms?​

Answers

Answer:

The carbon-dioxide exists in the atmosphere, and it is dissolved in the water.

Explanation:

With the process of photosynthesis, it becomes organic, and by breathing, the organic gas goes back to carbon-dioxide.

The assimilation of carbon is the process when the carbon-dioxide converts to organic carbon with the help of living organisms. This organic carbon is then used for energy.

How are aquifers connected to the water cycle?

Answers

Answer:

At a certain depth below the land surface, the spaces between the soil and rock particles can be totally filled with water, resulting in an aquifer from which groundwater can be pumped and used by people. Some of the precipitation that falls onto the land infiltrates into the ground to become groundwater.

Explanation:

is what i found on google.

hope this helps!

The internal urethral sphincter is comprised of

Answers

Answer:

1) the internal urethral sphincter (IUS), which consists of smooth muscle and is continuous with the detrusor muscle and under involuntary control, and 2) the external urethral sphincter (EUS), which is made up of striated muscle and is under voluntary control.

Explanation:

Hope this helped!

The use of solar panels has increased in the last ten years. A benefit of using solar energy would include

Answers

Answer: using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs

Explanation: i got it right

Water is constantly in motion and_______. Pls answer ☯︎︎ᴥ︎☯︎︎

Answers

Answer:

still

on the top of the ocean or lake the water is always moving but down below the top of the water it will be still or nonmovent

What does an urn-shaped age pyramid represent?

Answers

Answer:

It represents young or rapidly growing population. In urn-shaped age pyramid, the number of reproductive individuals is higher than the number of pre-reproductive individuals. It represents declining or diminishing population with negative growth.

what is malcoms prediction for hammonds island in jurassic park

Answers

Answer:

I quote: "Life cannot be contained. Life breaks free. Life... finds a way"

Explanation:

Answer the question - Why is it important for scientists and engineers to work together to solve problems?

Answers

Answer:

it is important for them to work together because they can come together with the results form each person and see which is right and which is wrong and learn for their mistakes

Explanation:

Using cases to reason—Scientists and engineers often have to solve problems that others have confronted before. When scientists and engineers work to solve a problem, they may write up their experience as a case study for others to learn from. They will even write up the case study if their solution did not work.

Why can a planet orbit circular?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:A circle is merely a special case of an ellipse. However, the planets do not quite move in ellipses either. The increased kinetic energy of a planet as its distance from the Sun decreases causes it to behave as though it had a greater mass, which results in the point of the orbit furthest from the Sun precessing.

why do we need transcription?

Answers

Transcription is essential for videos that need subtitles or foreign language translation. The timestamps help synchronize the video and audio components of the file. Timestamps are likewise crucial to locate specific parts of the recording.

SOMEONE PLZ HELP ME WITH THIS?!?!?

Answers

Table 1:

17 protons and 17 electrons

78 protons and 78 electrons

32 protons and 18 electrons

38 protons and 36 electrons

13 protons and 13 electrons

15 protons and 18 electrons

14 protons and 14 electrons

Table 2:

Ba2+ ion

Radon

Polonium

Tin

Selenium

Cesium

Magnesium Ion

IT WAS SUPER TOUGH!!!

Answer:

oh too hard

Explanation:

9. What type of bond is pictured in the image below?

a. covalent bond
b. ionic bond
c. metallic bond
d. electron bond

ONLY 9

Answers

Answer:

c. metallic bond

Explanation:

Metallic bonding, unlike other forms of atomic bonding, involves delocalized elections. The negatively charged electrons form a "sea" around metal cations. Electrons within the valence shells of metals are only held loosely within their molecular orbits- the metals are held together due to the strong attraction between these delocalized electrons and positive nuclei.

The electrons are typically described as mobile, free, and delocalized. These traits are responsible for several metallic properties such as:

electrical conductivityheat conductivityelectronegativitymalleability

Answer: Number 10 is also C

Explanation:

Describe the anatomy of the typical long bone

Answers

Answer: HERE'S YOUR ANSWER!!!

Explanation:

Long bones are those that are longer than they are wide. The end of the long bone is the epiphysis and the shaft is the diaphysis. When human finishes growing these parts fuse together. The outside of the flat bone consists of a layer of connective tissue called the periosteum

Which occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

a.Light energy is absorbed and then converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
c.Organic molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, are produced.

d.None of the above

b.ATP and NADPH are used to make glucose

Answers

Answer:

In light-dependent reactions the energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy in the form of electron carrier molecules

Explanation:

Like ATP and NADPH light energy is harnessed in Photosystems I and II both of which are present in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

How many valence electrons does Neon have and does it have cations and anions???

Answers

Answer:

Neon has eight valence electrons and it does not have cations or anions.

Explanation:

Neon is a noble gas, meaning it has already fulfilled the octet rule and has eight electrons in its valence electron shell. Hence, it does not want to lose or gain any more electrons, and does not have cations or anions.

Hope this helped!

Answer:

Neon has eight valence electrons and it does not have cations or anions.

Explanation:

this is the question ​

Answers

Answer:

no

Explanation:

Answer:

see on the comment

Explanation:

sorry see on the previous comment I am in hurry sorry

Why is meiosis important in maintaining genetic diversity?

Question 6 options:

A Meiosis creates diversity by cutting each chromosome exactly in half.


B The two different chromosomes of the organism producing the sex cell (egg or sperm) are mixed up during crossover, creating a new combination of alleles.


C It creates sex cells (eggs or sperm) that have exactly the same alleles (version of a gene) as the parents.


D The chromosomes in meiosis are copied so they are exactly the same as the organism producing the gamete, except they have just one copy.

Answers

Answer:

We now know that meiosis is the process of chromosomal reduction which allows the production of haploid germ cells necessary for sexual reproduction. Meiosis is furthermore important for its role in enabling genetic diversity and facilitating the repair of genetic defects through recombination.

Explanation:

Brainliest please?

Meiosis is a specialized form of a cell division in which number of chromosomes is reduced to half. The reduction in chromosome number is achieved by one round of DNA replication and two rounds of chromosome segregation.    

Meiosis produces genetic variation by the process of recombination.Recombination occurs when two molecules of DNA exchange pieces of their genetic material. The process of recombination occurs during the prophase stage of meiosis I. In meiosis, crossing over occurs between the non-sister chromatids in a homologous pair (one from each parent) of chromosomes.

The correct answer is option B. The two different chromosomes of the organism producing the sex cell (egg or sperm) are mixed up during crossover, creating a new combination of alleles.

Other options-

A. Meiosis creates diversity by cutting each chromosome exactly in half - incorrect .In meiosis the chromosome number is reduced to half.

C. It creates sex cells (egg or sperm) that have exactly the same alleles (version of a gene) as the parents-incorrect. The sex cells produced are not genetically identical to the parent cell.

D. The chromosome in meiosis are copied so they are exactly the same as the organism producing the gamete, except they have just one copy-incorrect. In meiosis the chromosomes are not exactly copied.

Learn more about meiosis -

https://brainly.com/question/12327654?referrer=searchResults

   

Q: Predict and describe some possible effects to your entire food web if the following happened:
A mysterious virus has sickened the secondary consumer fish. There
are few survivors. Fortunately, this virus is not affecting organisms on any other trophic levels. However, the loss of these organisms is
affecting the rest of the food web. Please describe the possible effects:

Answers

Answer:

Less fish will disrupt the predators in the ocean. Sharks, and other predators in these oceans need a food source such as fish if this Virus does indeed kill these many fish. Meaning the virus is in this fish, It might spred to predators that eat these fish. Still if the predators of the food chain dont find these food sources for them i am sure they will die of starvation.

Explanation:

If a food source for animals is obsulete i am sure the predators of the animals will have starved to death like how, the Hot blob is affecting the Cassins auklet due to the Less amount of phytoplankton in the oceans.

Where does the H+ come from that makes ATP synthase work?
Electron Transport Chain
Krebs cycle
Glycolysis

Answers

Electron transport chain

Describe the way convection works and how it might work within the earth? -geology question

Answers

Answer:

Magma in the Earth's mantle moves in convection currents. The hot core heats the material above it, causing it to rise toward the crust, where it cools. The heat comes from the intense pressure on the rock, combined with the energy released from natural radioactive decay of elements.

Explanation:


Explain the difference between the calorie (lowercase C) and the Calorie (Capital C)?

Answers

calorie (with a lowercase “c”) is the energy needed to increase the temperature of water by one degree Celsius.

Calorie (uppercase “c”) is the equivalent to a kilocalorie (or 1000 calories)
Other Questions
How many auxiliary verbs are there? what are they ? state three ways of conserving energy Eight boys and fifteen girls are in a classroom. What is the probability of choosing a boy or a girl from theclass? Read the excerpt from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.During this time, I succeeded in learning to read and write. In accomplishing this, I was compelled to resort to various stratagems. I had no regular teacher. My mistress, who had kindly commenced to instruct me, had, in compliance with the advice and direction of her husband, not only ceased to instruct, but had set her face against my being instructed by any one else. It is due, however, to my mistress to say of her, that she did not adopt this course of treatment immediately. She at first lacked the depravity indispensable to shutting me up in mental darkness.What sentence from the excerpt contains evidence of Douglasss misery at being denied an education? A. She at first lacked the depravity indispensable to shutting me up in mental darkness. B. During this time, I succeeded in learning to read and write. C. In accomplishing this, I was compelled to resort to various stratagems. D. It is due, however, to my mistress to say of her, that she did not adopt this course of treatment immediately. An online media service offers video and music downloads. Each download of a song costs $1. Each download of a video costs 5 times as much as the song download. You have a credit of $70. How many songs can you purchase after buying 12 videos? 3.) All matter has both physical and chemical properties. A physical property is one that does not change the chemical nature of matter. Which of these choices is a physical property?A.) heightB.) flammability C.) ability to rustD.) reaction with water Recovering Ecosystems Worksheet Section 1: Select the Kitakami River region, the Abukuma Highlands, or Japan's coastal habitat as the ecosystem you want to help with recovery. List the main problem faced by this ecosystem as described in the lesson. Then list at least two sub-problems that need to be considered to solve the main problem. List the sub-problems in order of most to least important. In the rationale column, explain why you placed your sub-problems in the order you selected. Main Problem Sub-Problems Rationale Section 2: Conduct internet research on your selected ecosystem to help you generate a list of three criteria and two constraints. Your criteria and constraints should consider relevant factors to the problem, such as costs, reliability, safety (to humans and wildlife), human needs, environmental impact, local biodiversity, and the aesthetics of the area. List the criteria in order of most to least important and assign each to a related sub-problem. In the rationale column, explain why you placed your criteria in the order you selected. Constraints Criteria Rationale Which Sub-Problems does this criteria address? Section 3: For at least one of the sub-problems, propose two solutions based on the information from the lesson and your additional research. In the rationale column, explain how your solution restores the stability and biodiversity of your selected ecosystem. Sub-Problem Proposed Solutions Rationale Section 4: Answer the following analysis questions about your proposed solutions. Describe the ways your proposed solutions decrease the negative effects of habitat destruction and human activity on your selected ecosystem. Describe the costs, safety, and reliability of your proposed solutions, as well as any social, cultural, and environmental impacts your solutions address. Evaluate your proposed solutions for their impact on overall environmental stability and changes. Which solution has more impact? Explain your reasoning for picking one solution over another. How could you refine one of your proposed solutions to further reduce environmental impact and loss of biodiversity while also addressing human needs? What is the equation of this graphed line? Help rn please!!! Urgent The European "Age of Exploration" began during the Renaissance.True or False Sammy: For my arthritis, I am going to try my aunt's diet: large amounts of wheat germ and garlic. She was able to move more easily right after she started that diet.Pat: When my brother began that diet, his arthritis got worse. But he has been doing much better since he stopped eating vegetables in the nightshade family, such as tomatoes and peppers.Which of the following, if true, would provide a basis for explaining the fact that Sammy's aunt and Pat's brother had contrasting experiences with the same diet?A. A change in diet, regardless of the nature of the change, frequently brings temporary relief from arthritis symptoms.B. The compounds in garlic that can lessen the symptoms of arthritis are also present in tomatoes and peppers.C. Arthritis is a chronic condition whose symptoms improve and worsen from time to time without regard to diet.D. In general, men are more likely to have their arthritis symptoms alleviated by avoiding vegetables in the nightshade family than are women.E. People who are closely related are more likely to experience the same result from adopting a particular diet than are people who are unrelated. Solve 17 < 5x 8 < 22. How many integer solutions are there? Judicial review was established through the Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison. True or false Theratiooftheredcardstoblackcardsinadeckis3:10 2 more red cards are added to the deck.The ratio of red cards to black cards is now 1:3 Work out the number of black cards in the deck. Question 13 (1 point)The genetic material of an offspring of sexually reproducing organisms is best described as-aObidentical to that of the other offspringa copy of the genetic material of the father.a copy of The genetic material of the mothergenes from both parents, in unique combinationsOd find the y intercept Can someone help? Ill give brainliest!Directions: count each side of the reaction. Circle yes or no if it follows the law of conservation of mass Looking at the perspectives of those who favor middle school homework and those who oppose it, we can see one thing that they have in common is _________.A.a focus on student achievementB.wanting what is best for studentsC.desiring that students have plenty of free timeD.a strong interest in how US education ranks worldwide If you have two points, you can only pick the first one to find the equation.TrueFalse Who is the first president of jamaica?