tropical dry forest, also called monsoon forest or tropical deciduous forest, biome of any open forest in tropical areas that have a long dry season followed by a heavy rainy season.
Found on all continents except Antarctica, the grassland biome is characterized by being flat and grassy, with little tree cover. Large grazing mammals, such as elephants or bison, inhabit these areas, along with small mammals, birds, and predators. The grassland biome is made up of large open areas of grasses. They are kept with grazing animals and frequent fires. Grassland types include savannas and temperate grasslands. If it rained all year, the savannahs would turn into tropical forests, full of trees and tall vegetation. For grasslands to survive, they need dry spells that prevent trees from taking over.
To learn more about Antarctica please click on below link
https://brainly.com/question/8533665
#SPJ4
Prokaryotes stain as gram-positive or gram-negative because of differences in the cell ___.
Due to variations in the cell wall, prokaryotes can either stain gram-positive or gram-negative.
Why are prokaryotes gram-positive or gram-negative stained?The thick, peptidoglycan coating of gram-positive bacteria's cell walls will hold onto the dye, causing them to stain violet. The bacteria will stain red if they are gram-negative and the dye leaks through the thin peptidoglycan coating.
What distinguishes gram-positive bacteria from gram-negative bacteria?The hue of a Gram stain is purple. The bacteria in a sample will either stay purple or turn pink or red when the stain and bacteria combine.
To know more about prokaryotes visit:-
brainly.com/question/15329345
#SPJ4
causes of metabolic acidosis include: question 6 options: 1) ingestion of too much alcohol 2) excessive loss of bicarbonate ions 3) lactic acid accumulation 4) ketosis 5) all of these
The excessive loss of bicarbonate ions is the answer. Ketoacidosis, which is brought on by starvation and can result in metabolic acidosis, increases acid production. Increased acid production from aspirin overdose can result in metabolic acidosis.
Acidosis is brought on by excessive acid production that accumulates in the blood, excessive blood bicarbonate loss (metabolic acidosis), or an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood as a result of impaired lung function or reduced breathing (respiratory acidosis).Increased bicarbonate loss brought on by diarrhea might result in metabolic acidosis.
learn more about Metabolic acidosis here:
https://brainly.com/question/17031780
#SPJ4
how could an activator influence gene expression at a promoter far away from the place that it binds dna?
The RNA polymerase is immediately bound by the activator, causing it to start transcription while mostly ignoring the DNA.
A multi-unit enzyme called RNA polymerase uses transcription to create RNA molecules from a DNA template. The initial phase of gene expression, transcription, occurs before translation, which is the process of decoding RNA into proteins. The RNA polymerase-generated RNA molecules play a number of functions in the cell.
Function and structure of RNA polymerase (in transcription)
The RNA polymerase enzyme is a substantial complex with several subunits1. Four subunits of the bacterial RNA polymerase are able to transcribe all known kinds of RNA. These enzymes, which in eukaryotes have eight or more subunits, make it easier for DNA to connect to and be processed during transcription.
learn more about RNA polymerase here:
https://brainly.com/question/29377728
#SPJ4
The form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two genetically identical cells is.
A eukaryotic cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells by a perfectly timed nuclear division process known as mitosis.
What creates two cells that are genetically identical?Daughter cells made during mitosis share the same genetic makeup as their parent cells. The cell duplicates—or "replicates"—its chromosomes, then divides the copies equally among its daughter cells so that each has a full set.
What name do two identical cells resulting from cell division go by?In contrast to meiosis, which produces four sex cells, mitosis produces two identical daughter cells. Below, we've highlighted the main variations and parallels between the two cell division processes.
To know more about eukaryotic cell division visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/725029
#SPJ4
Place the following events of a reflex arc in the correct order: 1) motor neuron activation, 2) sensory neuron activation, 3) sensory receptor activation, 4) Information processing, 5) effector response.3,2,4,1,5
the correct sequence of a reflex arc is a sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron and effector.
A reflex arc is an involuntary and unexpected reaction to stimuli. It also happens to be an essential component of the well-known survival instinct. The majority of our common reflexes are a result of our well-trained, accumulated knowledge of caution. It could be anything, from the reflex action of abruptly withdrawing one's hand when it comes into contact with an extremely cold or hot object, to a more serious condition. This is known as the reflex action. It has a subtle relation to instinct. sensory neurons and receptors play a major role in reflex arc.
Learn more about reflex arc here:
https://brainly.com/question/14473426
#SPJ4
shakira, after successfully cross-pollinating gerber daisies decides the same process will work with four o'clock flowers. she crosses a purple flowered plant with a white flowered plant and ends up with the following results in the offspring. purple white and lavendar four oclock flowers why did the four o'clock flower plant give three phenotypes instead 2? question 5 options:
Purple white and lavendar four oclock flowers why did the four o'clock flower plant give three phenotypes instead 2 is a genotype that is 2:2 Rr and rr.
The 4'o clock plant, phenotypes , exhibits partial dominance in flower colour, which is why the F1 plant produced by crossing a pure Red flowered plant (RR) with a pure White flowered plant (rr) has pink flowers (Rr).When an F1 plant (Rr) crosses with a pure white flowering plant (rr), the resulting plant will have a genotype that is 2:2 Rr and rr.
The phenotypic, however, will be 2 pink and 2 white at a ratio of 2:2.
The offspring's phenotypic ratio will be 2:2.
Rr × rr
!
Rr rr rr
Learn more about phenotypes by using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/19054382
#SPJ4
based on your prior knowledge of animal digestive systems, why would you answer to the previous question be important
Based on your prior knowledge of animal digestive systems, I would answer the previous question be important as it can improve a producer's feeding efficiency and help them better understand the health of their animals and potential issues.
The digestive tract is made up of the esophagus, the small intestine, the liver, the exocrine pancreas, the large intestine, the rectum, and the anus, as well as the oral cavity and its accompanying organs (lips, teeth, tongue, and salivary glands). Ruminants also have forestomachs (reticulum, rumen, and omasum), which are true stomachs.
The evolved animal can digest food more effectively because of its one-way digestive system. The digestive tract's one-way section is divided into specific areas for processing food. Livestock producers may be better able to plan suitable nutritional programs if they have a solid understanding of ruminant digestive anatomy and function.
Learn to know more about the digestive system on
https://brainly.com/question/1423360
#SPJ4
sucrase is an enzyme that breaks down sucrose (a disaccharide) into two monosaccharides. what is the substrate of sucrase
Answer:
glucose and fructose
Explanation:
Sucrase, 400 times the size of its substrate sucrose, splits the sucrose into its constituent sugars, which are glucose and fructose. The sucrase bends the sucrose, and strains the bond between the glucose and fructose.
The substrate of sucrase are glucose and fructose.
What is digestive enzymes and Sucrase?
Digestive enzymes are produced naturally by the digestive system in the body. They are responsible for breaking down food components such as fats, carbohydrates and proteins. The goal is that nutrients from food can be absorbed into the bloodstream to support the function of the body's cells.
Sucrase is one of digestive enzymes produced by the small intestine. The function of this enzyme is to break down sucrose into simple sugars, such as fructose and glucose. The goal is that these simple sugars are more easily absorbed by the body. Then it is reserve as energy.
Lack of this enzyme will cause digestive disorders, including: bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and malnutrition.
Learn more about sucrase here: https://brainly.com/question/24959079
#SPJ1
consider the tree to below. viridiplantae include all the descendants of the last common ancestor of volvox and land plants. which taxon or taxa is not in viridiplantae?
The taxon or set of taxa are not present in viridiplantae is Nori taxa and is not present in viridiplantae.
Approximately 450,000–500,000 species of eukaryotic organisms belong to the group Viridiplantae, which is crucial to both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Chlorophyta and Streptophyta are the two divisions or phyla that usually make up the group of green plants, or Viridiplantae; the latter group includes the land plants known as embryophytes as well as a type of green algae known as streptophyte algae.
A taxon is a collection of one or more populations of an organism or populations that taxonomists consider to be part of the same entity. A taxon typically has a name and a grade assigned to it, even though neither is necessary, especially if and when it is accepted or establish.
learn more about taxon here
https://brainly.com/question/20726063
#SPJ4
What is the most important reason a cell exhibits tight transcriptional control over the regulation of gene expression?.
For the cell, regulation at the transcriptional level saves energy.
How does gene expression affect the regulation of transcriptional control?There are specifically two levels of control over gene expression. The amount of mRNA that can be produced from a particular gene is the first way transcription is controlled. The second level of regulation, post-transcriptional processes, control how mRNA is translated into proteins.
What mechanisms do cells use to control transcription?Both transcriptional activators and repressors control gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and prevent transcription, just like their prokaryotic counterparts.
To know more about transcriptional visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/14136689
#SPJ4
_________ is a system in which any object, animate or inanimate, has a unique identity and is able to send and receive data over the internet without human interaction.
IoT is a system in which any object, animate or inanimate, has a unique identity and is able to send and receive data over the internet without human interaction.
What is internet of things?The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system in which any object, animate or inanimate, has a unique identity and can send and receive data over the internet without human intervention.
The internet of things, or IoT, is a networked system of interconnected computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals, or people with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
Thus, the answer for the given blank will be IoT.
For more details regarding internet of things, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14558365
#SPJ1
Because ammonia is very toxic, it is kept atlow levels in the body by being: (Select allthat apply.)A)eliminated.B)converted to urea.C)stored away from body tissues.D)converted to uric acid.E)converted to amino acids.
If the original mass of Carbon 14 was 24grams, how many grams would be left after 4 half lives?
Answer:
Explanation:
After for half lives have passed, how much of the original sample will be left? ... If one half-life (50 %) of the original carbon-14 is left in a material, ...
Describe how a forest fire can impact an ecosystem. Think of at least two ways in which different species may be affected.
It is true that large-scale, regular fires damage the aesthetics of a region and harm biodiversity while also polluting the air and degradation stream water quality.
Forest degradation has been attributed to frequent fires in the Himalayan region of Uttaranchal in the Indian Himalayas. Although frequent large-scale fires can degrade the quality of stream water, damage biodiversity, ruin the beauty of a place, they also play a crucial part in the dynamics of the forest ecosystem. Furthermore, the Indian Himalayan forest is not being destroyed by fire alone but also by other anthropogenic activity. The current study examines how fire influences the structure and composition of forests. Fires can be utilised with careful management.
Learn more about degradation here
https://brainly.com/question/8166874
#SPJ4
Breast milk:
Group of answer choices
a. is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
b. is more likely than formula to poduce alleries.
c. provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
d. upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
Breast milk (c) provides more iron and vitamin C and A than cow's milk.
Breast milk is milk is produced by the mammary glands. This is located in the breast of a human female. Breast milk is the one of the important source of nutrition for the newborns. This is formed of fat, protein and vitamins
Breast milk provides more iron and vitamin C and A than cow's milk. The iron in breastmilk which is absorbed as compared to other sources. The vitamin C and lactose is present in the breastmilk aid in the iron absorption.
What produces good breast milk?
If you are exclusively nursing, you need roughly 300 to 500 extra calories per day than you did to maintain your pre-pregnancy weight in order to maintain your milk supply and your personal health. A typical, nutritious, balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is the healthiest diet for a nursing mother.
Learn more about breast milk to visit this link
https://brainly.com/question/28680816
#SPJ4
2) the ancestors of land plants were aquatic algae. which of the following is not an evolutionary adaptation to life on land? a) c3 photosynthesis b) a waxy cuticle c) root hairs d) xylem and phloem e) guard cells
The ancestors of land plants were aquatic algae. a) c3 photosynthesis is not an evolutionary adaptation to life on land.
Worldwide, algae are a class of creatures known as living things. Because they produce a significant amount of the oxygen that people and other creatures need to breathe, algae are significant. Some algae, like seaweed, have a plant-like appearance. Algae, though, aren't technically either plants or animals.
Through photosynthesis, solar or radiant energy is converted to chemical energy. The rate of photosynthesis directly affects how productive a crop is. All living things receive oxygen from it in the atmosphere. It keeps the ecosystem's amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide stable.
Learn more about photosynthesis here:
https://brainly.com/question/1388366
#SPJ4
Geneticists studying the gene for lactase did not find any differences in the coding region DNA between people who could digest lactose and people who could not digest lactose. After they investigated further, they discovered that the difference between lactose-tolerant and -intolerant individuals was due to a mutation located in Select one O a. the gene for glucose production O b. the genetic switch for the lactase gene C.a different gene that produces lactose If an individual is lactase persistent it means: Select one: a. she or he cannot properly digest milk b. she or he cannot properly digest milk as a baby c. she or he can digest milk as a baby d. she or he can digest milk as an adult o
The correct option is B : The genetic switch for lactase gene In most people, the gene for lactase, the enzyme that digests lactose, is activated at birth and deactivated after weaning.
However, the lactase gene is still active in the majority of Europeans. According to these findings, the lactase gene is often silenced by DNA methylation after early infancy.
However, SNPs that change the DNA sequence in the regulatory region prevent this methylation from occurring. Because the gene is maintained, this results in the production of lactase.
The correct option is C : She or he can digest milk as an adult Lactose intolerant people are unable to adequately digest the sugar (lactose) in milk.
As a result, individuals have diarrhea, gas, and bloating after consuming dairy products. The condition, also known as lactose malabsorption, is usually harmless, but its symptoms can be unpleasant.
Learn more about to Geneticists studying visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/2500719
#SPJ4
Which water quality most likely indicates eutrophication
Answer:
Nitrate levels
Fertilizer runoff
Explanation:
eutrophication is :
if there is a flood, water from a farm has a lot of fertilizer in it. fertilizer has a lot nitrates. nitrate is made from nitrogen
algae eat the nitrates and nutrients in the water
algae decreases the amount of oxygen in the water
too much algae consumes oxygen and blocks sunlight from underwater plants so low levels of photosynthesis
fish eat underwater plants and breathe oxygen thru its gills
can kill fish
eutrophication data example:
-high nitrate concentration
-pH of 10 (1 to 6 means its acid, 7 is Neutral, 8 to 14 is base)
-low dissolved oxygen levels
-temperature of 60°F
turbidity shows how cloudy is
pH shows
how much acid the water has
it shows how polluted the air is.
if air is polluted, the dirty air gets into the clouds and makes the rain acidic
quiziz
National Geographic
noaa
quizlet
The outermost membrane of a euglenid chloroplast is thought to have been derived from what part of an original host cell that engulfed a green alga?.
In a process known as endosymbiosis, chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria that were integrated into plant cells.
Where did all chloroplasts come from?Chloroplasts were first established in eukaryotes through an endosymbiotic relationship with a cyanobacterium; they later spread through the evolution of eukaryotic hosts and the subsequent engulfment of eukaryotic algae by formerly nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes.
How did eukaryotic cells develop mitochondria and chloroplasts?Chloroplasts and mitochondria most likely developed from absorbed bacteria that originally existed as autonomous entities. An aerobic bacterium was eventually swallowed by a eukaryotic cell, which later established an endosymbiotic bond with the host eukaryote and gradually transformed into a mitochondrion.
To know more about euglenid chloroplast visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/15829977
#SPJ4
describe a positive coagulase test and its significance. describe how coagulase is a virulence factor. which pathogen produces coagulase
The coagulase test is beneficial for separating potentially pathogenic Staphylococci from other Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci, such as Staphylococcus aureus.
When S. aureus comes into contact with blood, coagulase, which is closely linked to the surface of the bacterium, can coat the surface in fibrin. The fibrin clot might separate the bacterium from the host's other defenses and shield it from phagocytosis. Therefore, the fibrin covering may make the bacteria more pathogenic.
human pathogen clinical isolates Coa, a polypeptide secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, is a polypeptide that binds to and activates prothrombin, turning fibrinogen into fibrin and encouraging blood or plasma clotting.
The development of pseudocapsules that encourage abscess formation and infection persistence, as well as staphylococcal key virulence factors contributing to coagulases
To learn more about Staphylococci please click on below link
https://brainly.com/question/14703814
#SPJ4
one character in peas that mendel studied was yellow versus green seeds. a cross between a homozygous yellow line (yy) and a homozygous green line (yy) will result in f1 plants that are heterozygous (yy) for this trait and produce yellow seeds. a cross between a homozygous dominant plant and a homozygous recessive plant. when an f1 plant undergoes meiosis, what gamete types will it produce, and in what proportions?
Gregor Mendel, the Father of Genetics, utilised pea plants as a model to study inheritance for a variety homozygous of reasons, the most important of which is that they have a wide range of phenotypic features, such as diverse colours and shapes.
Mendel studied the inheritance patterns of parental genes in terms of how these genetic qualities homozygous manifested in the phenotype of the children, and he classified these traits as dominant (two capital letters; AA) or recessive (one capital letter; AA). He used yellow and green pea plants to test this in the trials. When he crossed yellow and green pea plants, he discovered that the first generation was yellow. This meant that the colour yellow (YY) was dominant, while the colour green (YY) was recessive.
To learn more about homozygous please click on below link
https://brainly.com/question/8964169
#SPJ4
help me out please thanks
describe the neural basis of stereoscopic vision including where binocular cells are first found in the visual system. explain how the receptive fields of disparity-tuned neurons might work
The answer is receptive field encompasses the sensory receptors that feed into sensory neurons and thus includes specific receptors on a neuron as well as collectives of receptors that are capable of activating a neuron via synaptic connections.
The two eyes' slightly different perspectives of the same things in space provide the stimuli for stereoscopic depth perception. The perception of depth depends on both dorsal and ventral pathways. Binocular neurons are originally discovered in layer 4 of the visual cortex and function as neurons that are triggered by inputs in either eye. All throughout the body, including on the surface, in tissues like muscles, joints, and the eyes, as well as in interior organs, are receptive fields. Because it describes the region at which a sensory input must be given in order to elicit a response from a sensory cell, the idea of the receptive field is essential to understanding sensory neuroscience.
To learn more about receptive fields please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/29356933
#SPJ4
the phosphate buffer system is relatively unimportant for buffering blood plasma. group of answer choices true false
It is true that the phosphate buffer system is relatively unimportant for buffering blood plasma.
When a small amount of an acidic or basic substance is added to a solution, a buffer system can resist changes in its pH.
When it comes to buffering blood plasma, the phosphate buffer system isn't very important. The absolute most significant blood cradle framework is the bicarbonate cushion framework. The protein buffer system is one of the most potent and plentiful sources of buffers.
In order to support proper metabolic function, the bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism that involves the balance of carbonic acid, the bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues.
know more about buffer systems here: https://brainly.com/question/22821585
#SPJ4
Mendel concluded that one out of every four f2 pea plants is going to be short. How did he perform his experiment to come to that conclusion?.
Mendel reasoned that one in every four F2 pea plants would be short, so he self-pollinated the heterozygous Tt tall F1 plants. The correct option is 1.
What is Mendelian Principle?Mendel proposed that the inherited factors must separate into reproductive cells during reproduction.
He'd noticed that allowing hybrid pea plants to self-pollinate produced offspring that looked nothing like their parents.
The principles of Mendelian inheritance were named after and first derived by Gregor Johann Mendel, a Moravian monk who developed his ideas after conducting simple hybridization experiments with pea plants in the nineteenth century.
Mendel reasoned that one out of every four F2 pea plants would be short, so he self-pollinated the Tt tall heterozygous F1 plants.
Thus, the correct option is 1.
For more details regarding Mendelian Principle, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29526798
#SPJ1
Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:
A- He self-pollinated the heterozygous Tt tall F1 plants.
B- He cross-pollinated the homozygous TT tall F1 plants.
C- He self-pollinated the homozygous tt short F1 plants.
D- He cross-pollinated the heterozygous Tt tall F1 plants.
what is the name of the peritoneal structure that creates folds around the uterus and helps support it in place?
Mesentery is the name of the peritoneal structure that creates folds around the uterus.
What is Mesentery?
The mesentery is continuous set of tissues, a fold of membrane that helps attach the intestine to the abdominal wall, helping it stay in place.
It is found in the abdomen surrounding the intestines. It comes from the back side of the abdomen where the aorta branches off to the superior mesenteric artery, another large artery.
This is at times called the root region of the mesentery. The mesentery goes out from this root region to its locations throughout the abdomen.
The main functions of mesentery are:
• hold the intestines in place
• housing lymph nodes that help fight off infections
• producing proteins that cause inflammation
Therefore, Mesentery is the name of the peritoneal structure that creates folds around the uterus.
Learn more about the mesentery here: https://brainly.com/question/3549577
#SPJ4
a mature ovary, specialized as a vessel that houses and protects seeds, is a a) seed coat. b) ovule. c) fruit. d) cotyledon.
The mature ovary that is specialized as a vessel is a fruit, which means option c is correct.
After fertilization, the zygote is shaped in the ovule. The ovary develops right into a fruit. The ovule in the ovary matures into seeds. The zygote in the ovule will become the embryo in the seeds. A fruit is a mature, as well as ripened ovary, in conjunction with the contents of the ovary. The ovary is the ovule-bearing reproductive shape withinside the plant flower. The ovary serves to surround and defend the ovules, from the youngest tiers of flower improvement till the ovules emerge as fertilized and develop into seeds.
Therefore, the correct option is c i.e., fruit.
To learn more about ovary check the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/12585695
#SPJ4
oxaloacetate is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. a. would you expect oxaloacetate to be a competitive or a noncompetitive inhibitor? why? b. would oxaloacetate bind to the active site or elsewhere on the enzyme? c. how would you reverse the effect of the inhibitor?
Step 1: Orientation (Part a).
Acetyl coa, a decarboxylation acid cycle precursor, has several effects on physiology, glycogenesis, the ammonia cycle, and protein synthesis, among other things.
Step 2: Given information (Part a).
Determine whether or if Oxaloacetate is a competitor.
(Step 3) Explanation (part a).
(a) The aldehyde group has a structure of traits and elements. It is hypothesized to work as a selective inhibitor.
4th step: Given data (Part b).
Determine the Oxaloacetate while being blind to the functioning of enzyme.
(Step 5) Explanation (Part b).
(a) While oxaloacetate is an effective succinate inhibitor, it binds to the active site of the enzyme.
6th step: Given data (part c).
Consider the effect of either the travelers.
Step 7: Give an explanation (Part c).
(c) The competition inhibitor's action can be overcome by increasing the amount of fuel, including succinate.
Learn more about to succinate dehydrogenase visit here;
https://brainly.com/question/13943912
#SPJ4
Full Question ;
Oxaloacetate is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase.
a. Would you expect oxaloacetate to be a competitive or a noncompetitive inhibitor? Why?
b. Would oxaloacetate bind to the active site or elsewhere on the enzyme?
c. How would you reverse the effect of the inhibitor?
Part a) As a function, it's considered to be a blocker.
Part b) As a rule, this would also connect to the active site of an enzyme.
Part c) The action of the identified blocker could be eliminated by changing the molarity.
Did you find any sequences in the human genome that were statistically similar to your query sequence?.
The human genome has an estimated 1,000,000 instances of the Alu sequence, making it the most common SINE.
How similar are human DNA sequences?Any two people are 99.9% identical based on an analysis of their DNA. Several human tribes share the same minute genetic variations. Nevertheless, it just takes a quick glance to notice the incredibly wide range of individual differences in sizes, forms, and facial features.
Which four types of sequence repetitions are present in the human genome?Repetitive sequences, such as transposon-derived repetitions, processed pseudogenes, simple sequence repeats, and blocks of tandemly repeated sequences [1], which we shall refer to as common repeats, make up about 45% of the human genome.
To know more about genome visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/29482089
#SPJ4
Fermentation breaks down the glucose when no ___ is available in order to make some ATP. Two types are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.
Question 4 options:
oxygen
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
nitrogen
Fermentation breaks down the glucose when no oxygen is available in order to make some ATP, hence option a is correct.
What is lactic acid fermentation?Glycolysis, the first step in fermentation, converts glucose into two pyruvate molecules, two ATP (net), and two NADH.
The constant breakdown of glucose to produce ATP during fermentation is made possible by the recycling of NADH to NAD+, to produce lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.
Therefore, the fermentation's need for anaerobiosis is made easier by the carbon dioxide that is created in place of the air, hence option a is correct.
Learn more about fermentation, here:
https://brainly.com/question/11237501
#SPJ1