Particulate Motion Unit Test Part 2
1. A gas leak where methane gas combines with oxygen in the air can start a fire, releasing its energy at ignition temperature.

What does the ignition have to do with this chemical reaction?

(1 point)

The ignition provides the energy to break the bonds in molecules and start the reaction.

The ignition adds more atoms to increase its energy during the reaction.

The ignition targets methane gas only and releases oxygen before the fire.

The ignition forces atoms to combine and start a reaction.

2.
Particulate Motion Unit Test
10 of 16Items


Item 10
Gasoline has various chemicals that contain large amounts of chemical potential energy that is released when burned in a car engine.

What happens to the energy produced by burning gasoline in a car engine?

(1 point)

The energy multiplies to keep the engine running.

Some of the energy is lost as heat.

None of the energy is transformed but is sustained as work to run the engine.

The energy released is less than the energy absorbed by the molecules.

3. The reaction between methane gas and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water is an exothermic process. Which statement describes the energy in the system?(1 point)

The chemical energy of the reactants is greater than the chemical energy of the products. Energy is absorbed from the surroundings.

The chemical energy of the reactants is greater than the chemical energy of the products. Energy is released to the surroundings.

The chemical energy of the reactants is less than the chemical energy of the products. Energy is released to the surroundings.

The chemical energy of the reactants is less than the chemical energy of the products. Energy is absorbed from the surroundings.

4. How does the energy in the light of the aurora borealis compare to the energy as an excited electron returns to its original energy level?(1 point)

half of the energy

one-third of the energy

equal to

twice the energy

5. A solar flare causes the sun to release a large number of particles along with excess amounts of electromagnetic radiation. Which helps prevent this radiation from harming Earth’s living organisms?(1 point)

Earth’s magnetic field absorbs most of this radiation.

Earth’s magnetic field deflects most of this radiation.

Satellites directly deflect most of this radiation.

Satellites indirectly absorb most of this radiation.

6. Several energy transfers occur during the process of the aurora borealis. During which transfer is the energy the greatest?(1 point)

Energy is the same at each step.

Electrons from the sun transfer energy to atoms in the atmosphere.

Electrons fall and release energy as light.

Electrons in the atoms jump to a higher energy level.

7. Develop a model and use it to explain in 3–4 sentences why a person feels cold when rubbing alcohol is applied to skin. (4 points)

8. Using the concepts of macroscopic and molecular scales of energy, describe in 1–2 sentences how the heating element of a toaster works.(2 points)

Explanation:

If you were to look at grains of table salt with a magnifying glass, you would see that each grain is a little cube. Why are salt grains cubical?