Meiosis reduces chromosome number and rearranges genetic information. Explain how the reduction and rearrangement are accomplished in meiosis. Several human disorders occur as a result of defects in the meiotic process. Identify one such chromosomal abnormality; what effects does it have on the phenotype of people with the disorder
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Meiosis is a form of cell division that occurs in the sex cells of organisms. It ensures the reduction of a diploid cell to an haploid cell to allow for the formation of a diploid zygote after fertilization (contribution of both parents haploid sex cells to give a diploid zygote). Thus, this process is very essential and important.
The reduction is accomplished by 2 divisions after the duplication of chromosomes
- first division: separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes (this reduces the total in half)
- second division: separation of sister chromatids of a chromosome.
The rearrangement in meiosis occurs by crossing over/genetic recombination.
This is the exchange of genetic material between homologous pairs of chromosome bringing about a rearrangement and genetic variation
An example of a chromosomal abnormality that arises as a result of defects in this process is the Down Syndrome which is caused by a nondisjunction of the chromosomes 21 pair in a sex cell.
This condition produces offsprings that have some characteristic facial features, short stature etc
Rearrangement takes place at the time of meiosis with the lining of chromosomes pair during the metaphase 1 and 2. Down syndrome is the example of chromosomal abnormality.
• A process in which a single cell differentiates two times to generate four cells comprising half the original amount of genetic information is termed as meiosis.
• During meiosis, the process of rearrangement takes place when the chromosomes line up in pairs at the time of metaphase 1 and 2. Then in anaphase 1 and 2, the separation of these chromosomes takes place and each gamete gets one of each kind of chromosome.
• One of the examples of chromosomal abnormality is Down syndrome, which is, illustrated by the third copy of chromosome 21. The phenotypic variability, which takes place during Down syndrome is muscle hypotonia at the time of birth, and cognitive impairment.
Thus, during meiosis reduction and rearrangement of chromosomes takes place, and one of the chromosomal abnormality is the Down syndrome.
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Related Questions
Describe how your skin feels when you are outside on a hot humid day.
Answers
Answer:
Evaporation of sweat off the skin is what actually makes our skin feel cooler, rather than temperature.
Explanation:
If you are outside on a hot and humid day, you are sweating because you are hot, but the sweat does not evaporate very well. This makes you feel more hot and also makes you have that "sticky" feeling. hope this helps you :)
In algae and plants, photosynthesis happens in the... vacuoles. mitochondria. chloroplasts. chromosomes.
Answers
Answer:
chloroplasts
Explanation:
edge 2022
Which is a function of the spinal cord? A. It allows the back to be flexible and move at different angles. B. It helps the spine to provide structural support for the body. C. It transmits information between different parts of the nervous system. D. It produces hormones to send chemical signals throughout the bod
Answers
Answer:
c is the correct ans.
it transmits information between different parts of nervous system.
Answer:
C. It transmits information between different parts of the nervous system.
Explanation:
The nervous system has two parts, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
The central nervous system includes the brain, and the peripheral nervous system includes the spinal cord.
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure that consists of nervous tissue. The spinal cord extends between medulla oblongata in the brain to the lumbar region. It is protected by the spinal column made up of bones, called vertebrae.
One function of the spinal cord is to receive and transmit signals to the entire body and back to the brain.
The spinal cord recieves nerve impulses from the body and transmits it to the brain. It also receives orders in form of nerve impulses which are transported to receptors for response.
Mechanical digestion works to:
OOO
physically break apart food.
increase the surface area of food in the digestive system,
help the digestive system break down food quickly.
All of the choices are correct
Answers
Answer:
help the digestive system break down food quickly
Parents that are heterozygous for having freckles (dominant) are crossed. Which correctly describes their offspring?
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25% chance of no freckles
75% chance of freckles
the dominant always takes over the recessive trait
Which of these DNA strands would the DNA strand A-T-G-C-C-G-T-T match to? *
Answers
Answer:
T-A-C-G-G-C-A-A
Explanation:
Remember:
Adenine always binds with Thymine (Only in DNA)
Adenine always binds with Uracil (Only in RNA)
Guanine always binds with Cytosine (Both DNA and RNA)
The term that describes placing the thumb of one hand inside the mouth and the index and third finger of the other hand outside the mouth, and gently feeling the tissues for any lumps or abnormalities is:
Answers
Answer: PALPATION.
Explanation: Palpation is one of the the ways of physically examining an individual,it involves using one's fingers to examine the organs of the body to note any abnormality.
This is achieved by touching and feeling the the body inorder to determine the location,size,consistency or firmness, shape, tenderness and the texture of a body organ or to get the location of pain.
Palpation is mainly employed in physical examination of the abdomen and it can serve as a diagnostic approach to ascertain the presence of a disease condition or injury.
Palpation can be deep palpation (4-5cm) to feel internal organs of the body and to note any mass or tumour or light palpation(1-2cm) to feel surface abnormalities.
Answer:
palpation
Explanation:
The correct answer would be palpation.
Palpation is a medical term that generally refers to the process of using fingers to diagnose diseases or identify body abnormalities.
By using the sense of touch, different characteristics of the body region are assessed and the information is collated and critically examined to arrive at a diagnosis.
Palpation can be conducted using the fingertips, the finger and the thumb, the back of the finger and the hands, the side of the hands, or the front of the fingers
After getting the slide and microscope ready, Stella is eager to see the microscopic pond water specimen! She crouches around her microscope and aligns her eye with the microscope’s eyepiece. But she's only able to see a bright white light. At this point, no specimens or cells are visible on Stella's pond water slide. After taking a moment to collect her thoughts, Stella realizes she can't see any lifeforms because a.there are no specimens on the slide b.the microscope is not plugged in. c.she hasn't fastened the slide to the stage. d.the microscope is not yet in focus
Answers
Copied but correct answer.
Answer: C (She hasn't fastened the slide to the stage
Explanation:
In Microscopy even if the slide is not yet in focus,she will be able to see part of the slide which may appear as transparent image.Therefore this is a wrong answer.
If the microscope is not plugged it light can not come up.
If there are no specimen on the slide,the slide will still as transparent image at the focus.
No doubt Stella forgot to fasten the slide to the stage.,therefore the specimen on the slide was not in focus of the objective lens,rather she was focusing on the stage only,hence the visible white light.
Stella can not able to see any life forms in the microscope because she hasn't fastened the slide to the stage. Thus, the correct option is C.
What is Microscope?A Microscope may be defined as an instrument that constructs an enlarged image or view of a small object, thus illustrating details too small to be seen by the unaided eye.
If the microscope is not plugged in, Stella will not able to see even white light. If the microscope is not in focus, then Stella is able to see a transparent sheet of fil under it. No specimens also provide a transparent appearance.
But a view of white light indicates that she hasn't fastened the slide to the stage.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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Which is one of the six fundamental elements that are found in living organisms?
O helium
O sodium
O oxygen
chlorine
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is one of the six fundamental elements in living organisms
Answer:
Oxygen is correct !!!!!!!Explanation:
Read each example and decide what the resulting effect on the gene pool of that population would be.
A zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.
Competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.
The DNA of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.
A grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo
and kills most of the animals.
Answers
Answer:
Read each example and decide what the resulting effect on the gene pool of that population would be.
✔ brings new alleles from other populations
A zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.
✔ favors certain alleles
Competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.
✔ creates new alleles from DNA
The DNA of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.
✔ randomly selects alleles
A grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.
Explanation:
got it rght
Options are :
zebra migrates - bringing new alleles competitions of sunlight - favor certain alleles.Why do zebra migrate to different herds?The Zebra being a migrating animal migrates to different herd as it beings newer alleles from other populations.
The competition for sunlight leads to taller trees that may favor certain alleles. The DNA of snake changes to make it venomous may create new alleles from DNA. The grassfire swept by buffalo is a randomly selects alleles.
Find out more information about the example.
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Which of the following is the best definition of DNA
Answers
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Choice B is incorrect. That definition can be applied to both DNA and RNA, as they are both made of a nucleic acid, phosphate, sugar ring, and nucleotide base.
Choice C is incorrect. That would be the message strand made by RNA when they are transcribed.
Choice D is incorrect because it's absurd.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Its the genetic code, nothing else would make sense
Which is a structure that directs the cell's activities?
Answers
Answer:
It's the Nucleus.
1) Indicar a qué nivel de organización de la materia corresponden las siguientes palabras (Ayuda: hay uno para cada uno, no se repiten) a- HIDRÓGENO b- JAURÍA c- EUCARIOTA d- SER HUMANO e- PROTÓN f- RESPIRATORIO g- SERES BIÓTICOS+ ABIÓTICOS Y SUS INTERRELACIONES h- MITOCONDRIA i- PULMÓN j- SER HUMANO +BANDADA+ PASTIZAL+ CARDUMEN k- EPITELIO l- H2O (agua) m- ESFERA DE VIDA
Answers
Respuesta y explicación:
e- PROTÓN - nivel subatómico, integrado por las partículas que componen los átomos: protones, neutrones y electrones.
a- HIDRÓGENO - nivel atómico, compuesto por átomos, que son partículas que interactúan con otras mediante reacciones químicas. Ejemplo: hidrógeno, oxígeno, carbono.
l- H2O (agua) - nivel molecular. El agua es una molécula que se forma gracias a la interacción entre dos átomos de Hidrógeno y uno de Oxígeno. Otros ejemplos de moléculas son: cloruro de sodio (NaCl) o el dióxido de carbono (CO2).
h- MITOCONDRIA - nivel de organelas celulares, compuesto por distintos orgánulos que se encuentran dentro de las células y llevan a cabo diferentes tareas, todas importantes para el correcto funcionamiento celular. Otros ejemplos de organelas son: retículo endoplasmático y lisosomas.
c- EUCARIOTA - nivel celular. Tanto las células eucariotas, que poseen núcleo y sistema de endomembranas, como las procariotas, que carecen de éstos recién mencionados, son los dos tipos de células presentes en los organismos vivos.
Los siguientes tres niveles sólo corresponden a organismos pluricelulares.
k- EPITELIO - nivel de tejidos. Los tejidos están compuestos por distintos tipos de células que trabajan juntas para llevar a cambio una función en específico, sea protección, transporte o contracción. Otros ejemplos de tejidos son el nervioso y el muscular.
i- PULMÓN - nivel de órganos. Los órganos están formados por distintos tejidos que convierten a estas estructuras en unidades funcionales de gran importancia para los seres vivos superiores. Otros ejemplos son: ojo y vejiga.
f- RESPIRATORIO - nivel de sistema de órganos. Los sistemas de órganos están integrados por diferentes órganos. Ejemplos de sistemas de órganos son: sistema digestivo y sistema reproductor.
d- SER HUMANO - nivel de organismo. Compuesto por todas las células, tejidos, órganos y sistemas que posea, en caso de ser pluricelular, o por la única célula que posean en caso de ser unicelulares. Otros ejemplos son: helicobacter pylori (bacteria), gallina, algas.
b- JAURÍA - nivel de población, se refiere a un conjunto de individuos de la misma especie, como podrían ser humanos, perros (jauría), o peces (cardumen).
j- SER HUMANO + BANDADA + PASTIZAL + CARDUMEN - nivel de comunidad o biocenosis. Este nivel está integrado por las distintas poblaciones que comparten un mismo entorno. Una comunidad de animales se la conoce como zoocenosis, mientras que una de vegetales se llamará fitocenosis.
g- SERES BIÓTICOS + ABIÓTICOS Y SUS INTERRELACIONES - nivel de ecosistema, integrado por todos los seres vivos (bióticos) e inertes (abióticos) que comparten un medio físico, y las relaciones entre estos.
m- ESFERA DE VIDA - nivel de biósfera, compuesto por todos los ecosistemas.
What best defines biodiversity? The variety of traits a species has A group of organisms of one species All the different habitats and ecosystems found around the planet and in outer space All the different plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms, and variety of ecosystems found on Earth
Answers
Answer:
All the different plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms, and variety of ecosystems found on Earth
Explanation:
Biodiversity can be broken down into "Biological" and "diversity" which means the how diverse in number and variety is the life found on Earth. Life represents all living organisms like plants, animals, microbes etc.
Based on this, all the different plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms, and variety of ecosystems found on Earth is the option that best defines biodiversity. The other options leaves out the variety (talked about only one species) and biological aspect of the term.
Answer:
The answer is D) All the different plants, animals, fungi, mircroorganisms, and variety of ecosystems found on Earth.
Explanation:
Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.
A neuromuscular junction is a junction between a_________ and a ___________. A neuromuscular junction is a junction between a_________ and a ___________. dendrite of an axon; skeletal muscle fiber bulbous end of axon; skeletal muscle fiber sarcoplasm; T-tubule dendrite of an axon; myofibril bulbous end of axon; cell body of axon
Answers
Answer:
myofibril bulbous end of axon and skeletal muscles fibres.
Explanation:o
It represents the chemical synapse of the axon bulbous ends of the motor neuron ( motor end plate) and the skeletal Muscle fibres.
The influx of calcium ions into the bulbous ends leads to the fusion and empty of the vesicles containing neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
The Neurotransmitters binds to the receptors on the muscles membrane to allow the transmission of action potential ( PSIP or PSEP)across the synaptic gap to the muscles fibers to initiate their contraction or relaxation.
if a red blood cell has solute of concentration of 0.9%, what would be the solute concentration of an isotonic solution
Answers
Answer:
the answer is 0.7%
of concentration of an isotonic solution
Which of the following describes the structure of an amino acid? A. Small molecules consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nucleotide base B. A long chain of carbon atoms connected to oxygen and hydrogen atoms C. A long chain of protein molecules D. Small molecules consisting of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain
Answers
Answer:
i think option d is the answer.
The small molecules consisting of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain describes the structure of an amino acid.
What are the functions of amino acids?Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the alpha-amino acids, from which proteins are composed.
Amino acids function as the building blocks of proteins. Proteins catalyze the vast majority of chemical reactions that occur in the cell. They provide many of the structural elements of a cell, and they help to bind cells together into tissues.
Amino acids connect to form peptide bonds through a reaction between the amino group and the carboxyl group. The amino functional group is therefore critical to building all the proteins that makeup life on earth.
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how many bones are in the adult human being
Answers
Answer:
I believe it is 206
Explanation:
Which is not a way that ATP is used for mechanical work?
Movement at the cellular level.
Muscle contractions
Movement of the flagellum
Joining monomers to form a polymer
Answers
Answer:
Joining monomers to form a polymer
Explanation: because monomers and polymers are what make up a fiber whereas ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of a cell.
Which of the following best describes fertile soil, precipitation, and sunlight?
A. Biotic factors in the grassland
B. Biotic factors in a forest
C. Abiotic factors in the grassland
D. Abiotic factors in a forest
Answers
Answer:
C. Abiotic factors in the grassland.
Explanation:
Sunlight, soil, and percipitation are all nonliving things, so they are abiotic. Sunlight, soil, and percipitation could be found in forrests or grasslands, but are usually found in grasslands.
How deep in the ocean must a current be to be classified a deep current?
A. 250 m
B. 100 m
C. 400 m
D. 1000 m
Answers
Answer:
c. 400m
Explanation:
A wolf kills a deer that is infected with ________ of Echinococcus granulosis in its liver and eats it. After consuming the deer, the wolf's intestine becomes filled with a number of ________ produced from scoleces. These eventually release eggs into the wolf's intestines, which are released in its feces.
Answers
Answer:
The deer is infected with the parasite taenia Echinococcus granulosis, which is in the development stage of the fertile hydatid cyst. The wolf's intestine becomes filled with adult parasites, that eventually release eggs from their proglottids.Explanation: Echinococcus granulosis biological cycle.
The adult form of the parasite Echinococcus granulosis inhabits the intestines of canids, such as the dog or in the wolves, as in the exposed example. They might be 2 to 7 millimeters long, and in their anterior extreme, there is a segment known as scolex or head. The invertebrate attaches to the intestine wall by using its scolex. In the posterior extreme, there are the fertile segments of the animal, formed by three or four proglottids. The proglottides, carry the eggs and release them in the canid´s intestine. These eggs can get out of the animal´s body when it defecates. The parasite´s eggs are now in the feces of the canid.
Once on the ground or in the water, these eggs might be ingested by an intermediate host. In general, these hosts are animals such as sheep, goats, horses, pigs, and even humans. In the exposed example, the intermediate host is the deer.
The eclosion of the parasite´s eggs occurs in the thin intestine of their host, during digestion. The invertebrate penetrates the intestinal wall, from where it migrates to other organs, especially the liver and the lungs. At this point, the organism known as the oncosphere, turn into hydatid cysts. In its interior, it starts the protoscolex formation, making the size of the cyst to get bigger. When the protoscolex is completely formed, the fertile cyst is now infectious to the final host.
The final host (wolves) becomes infected when it feeds on the intermediate host. After ingestion, protoscolex gets released in the interior of the duodene. Their free state is known as scolex. At a certain point, scolex gets attached to the intestine wall where they stay until they become adults. And the cycle starts again.
i. In which structure does photosynthesis take place? [2 marks] ii. Name the substance in chloroplasts which absorbs light. [2 marks] iii. Through which structure does carbon dioxide enter the diagram? [3 marks] iv. What role does sunlight play in photosynthesis? [3 marks]
Answers
Answer:
1. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts.
2. This substance is called chlorophyll.
3. Structure G (Stoma)
4. Sunlight provides energy (light energy) to the chloroplasts for photosynthesis to take place.
Write four questions about HIV/AIDS.
Answers
Answer: what is cause of HIV?? What are the symptoms of HIV? Is HIV is reversable?? Which activities are most likely to transmit HIV??
Explanation:
_______ is the involuntary movement of the muscles that move food through the digestive system.
Answers
Answer:peristalsis
Explanation:
a wave like motion that occurs in the stomach to move food down
Peristalsis is the involuntary movement of the muscles that move food through the digestive system. The correct answer is peristalsis.
What is Peristalsis?
It is a coordinated, involuntary muscular movement that occurs in the walls of the digestive tract, specifically the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It plays a crucial role in propelling food and liquids through the digestive system, allowing for the efficient processing and absorption of nutrients.The process of peristalsis begins when food is swallowed and enters the esophagus. The walls of the esophagus contain smooth muscle tissue that contracts and relaxes in a wave-like pattern. This contraction is initiated by the swallowing reflex, which is triggered by the act of swallowing.Peristaltic contractions in the small intestine help to propel the chyme along its length, allowing the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal walls.The rhythmic contractions help to move the waste material, also known as feces, toward the rectum.
Therefore, the answer is peristalsis.
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yo need help ASAP!!!!
Answers
Answer:
B is the correct answer
Explanation:
which part of earth belongs to the geo sphere?
A) air
B) plants
C) minerals
D) water
Answers
Answer:
Minerals are part of earth's geo sphere.
Which is a type of cell that makes new bone tissue?
o
A. Cartilage
O B. Osteoblast
O C. Actin
O D. Myosin
Answers
Answer:
B. Osteoblast
Explanation:
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Louis Pasteur proved that all new cells come from preexisting ones. What
concept did Pasteur's experiments disprove?
A. Germ theory
B. Cell theory
C. Spontaneous generation
D. Virchow's postulates
Answers
Answer:
Virchow s postulates
.
Explanation:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Alma is walking in a park. Suddenly, a wild dog charges toward her. Alma is frightened. The starts to respond by increasing her heart rate and dilating her pupils. After running for a few minutes, Alma realizes that the dog has fallen far behind. At this point, her starts working to relax her body by slowing down her heart rate and constricting her pupils.
Answers
Answer:
sympthetic nervous sytem and parasympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
A threat stimulus, such as the sight of a predator, triggers a fear response in the amygdala, which activates areas involved in preparation for motor functions involved in fight or flight. It also triggers release of stress hormones and sympathetic nervous system.
The sympathetic nervous system doesn't destress the body once the tree is felled or the danger has passed. Another component of the autonomic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system, works to calm the body down, according to the Clinical Anatomy of the Cranial Nerves, published in 2014 by Academic Press
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system which are forms of autonomic nervous system.
What is nervous system?The primary function of the nervous system, which is a network of neurons, is to generate, modulate, and transmit information between the various parts of the human body. The regulation of vital body functions, as well as sensation and body movement, are all made possible by this property.
The sensory system is comprised of the mind, spinal string and nerves. It has a significant impact on your thoughts, feelings, and physical actions. You can walk, speak, swallow, breathe, and learn thanks to it. Additionally, it directs the body's emergency response. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system which are forms of autonomic nervous system.
Therefore, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system which are forms of autonomic nervous system.
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