If a neutral acid donates a proton, the conjugate base will have a charge of _______. - Type both an integer and a sign for your answer.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

In this question, we have to follow the IUPAC rules. Lets analyze each compound:

a. 1-methylbutane

In this compound we have a chain of 5 carbons, so the correct name is Pentane.

b. 1,1,3-trimethylhexane

In this compound, we longest chain is made of 7 carbons, so, we have to use the name "heptane". Carbon one would be the closet one to the methyl group, so the correct name is  2,4-dimethylheptane.

c. 5-octyne

In this case, carbon 1 would be the closet one to the triplet bond. With this in mind, the correct name is oct-3-yne.

d. 2-ethyl-1-propanol

In this compound, we longest chain is made of 4 carbons, so, we have to use the name "butane". Carbon one would be the carbon with the "OH" group, so the correct name is  2-methylbutan-1-ol.

e. 2.2-dimethyl-3-butanol

In this case, carbon 1 would be the closet one to the "OH". With this in mind, the correct name is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol.

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Answer:

3-methylenehexane

Explanation:

In this case, we have two clues.

1) The hydrogenation reaction

2) The ozonolysis reaction

See figure 1.  

With this in mind, lets analyze each clue. In the first reaction, we know that only 1 molecule of [tex]H_2[/tex] is added to the unknown molecule. This indicates that we only have 1 double bond in the molecule. Now, the next question is where is placed the double bond?

To answer this question, we have to use the second clue. In the ozonolysis reaction, a double bond is broken and is replaced with a carbonyl group. If, formaldehyde is formed the double bond is formed with a primary carbon. The primary carbons in the structure (given in the first reaction: 3-methylhexane) are carbons 1, 6, and 7. So, the double bond can be placed between carbons:

a) 6 and 5

b) 7 and 3

c) 1 and 2

To decide which one is the position of the double bond we have to keep in mind the second product of the ozonolysis reaction a ketone. With this in mind, the carbon bonded to the primary one (deduced by the formaldehyde) it has to be a tertiary carbon. The only option that has a primary carbon bonded to tertiary carbon is b). (See figure 2)

Finally, with this in mind the structure is 3-methylenehexane. To be sure, we can check the formula for the compound, [tex]C_7H_1_4[/tex] and the reactions. (See figure 3)

I hope it helps!

Answer:

Explanation: M(PCL5)= 31 + 5(35.5)

=208.5g/mol

M(H20)= 18g/mol

n(PCL5) = 75.5÷208.5

= 0.362mol

n(HCl)/n(PCL5)= 5/1

n(HCl)= 5×0.362

=1.81mol of HCl

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

1H NMR

In the 2-chloro-pentanal we have 4 different types of hydrogens. Therefore, we will have 4 different signals. (See figure 1)

Red hydrogen

For the red hydrogens we have only 1 neighbor. So, if we follow the n+1 rule we can calculate the multiplicity of this hydrogen. In this case a doublet.

Blue hydrogens

In this case, we have 3 neighbors (one in the right, two in the left). Therefore we will have a quartet.

Purple hydrogens

For these hydrogens, we have also will have a quartet, because we have 3 neighbors (one in the right, two in the left).

Green hydrogens

In the green hydrogen,s we have 5 neighbors (2 in the right 3 in the left). Therefore a sextet would be produced.

Orange hydrogens

Finally, in these hydrogens, we have 2 neighbors. Therefore a triplet is expected.

13C NMR

For the 13C NMR, we have again 4 different kinds of carbons. Therefore we will have 4 signals. The most deshielded carbon, in this case, is the red one (see figure 2), so this carbon would be on the left side (around 190). Then the next deshield carbon is the blue one, due to the "Cl" atom placed on this carbon.

I hope it helps!

Answer:

On the 2 hydrogen atoms.

Explanation:

δ+ indicates the atom has a lower electronegativity than the other atom it is bonded with. This only exist in polar covalent bonds, where the 2 atoms have different electronegativity values. When they have different electronegativity values, the one with higher electronegativity has a higher tendency to "pull" the shared electrons towards itself, they have a δ- symbol.

Back to H2O, since the electronegativity of elements increases from left to right horizontally and upwards vertically in the periodic table (except for noble gases, they are unreactive. Note that fluorine has the highest electronegativity), O atom has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen (hydrogen sits at the centre top of the table). hence, we can find δ+ on the hydrogen atoms.

Answer:

A) One that occurs on its own

Answer:

D. He showed that most of an atom's mass was located in the atom's

nucleus.

Explanation:

Ernest Rutherford changed the atomic model because of his experiment which was the gold foil experiment. A beam of alpha particles was aimed at a piece of gold foil, most particles passed through but some were scattered backward which showed that the middle of an atom (nucleus) is the where most of the mass is located.

Rutherford's model of atoms is the improved version of Thomson's model. In the model, it is stated that most of an atom's mass is located in the nucleus. Thus, option D is correct.

Ernest Rutherford gave the improved atomic model that postulated the failure of Thomson's model. Rutherford's model described the atom to consist of a sub-atomic particle with a positively charged nucleus.

The nucleus is in the center of the atom and had nearly all mass concentrated in it due to the presence of the protons and neutrons. The electrons were called negatively charged species that were present in the shells around the nucleus like the planets around the Sun.

Therefore, Rutherford's model showed mass concentrated in the center of the nucleus.

Learn more about Rutherford's model here:

https://brainly.com/question/11847851

#SPJ5

Answer:

Here's what I get  

Explanation:

You have an equilibrium reaction between Fe³⁺/ SCN⁻ and FeSCN²⁺.

[tex]\underbrace{\hbox{Fe$^{3+}$}}_{\text{pale yellow-green}} +\underbrace{\hbox{SCN$^{-}$}}_{\text{colourless}} \, \rightleftharpoons \, \underbrace{\hbox{Fe(SCN)$^{2+}$}}_{\text{deep blood red}} \\[/tex]

When you add AgNO₃, the Ag⁺ reacts with the SCN⁻. It forms a colourless precipitate of Ag(SCN).

Ag⁺(aq) + SCN⁻(aq) ⟶ AcSCN(s)

According to Le Châtelier's Principle, when we apply a stress to a system at equilibrium, the system will respond in a way that tends to relieve the stress.

If you add Ag⁺ to the equilibrium solution, it removes the SCN⁻ [as an Ag(SCN) precipitate].

The system responds by trying to replace the missing SCN⁻:

The Fe(SCN)²⁺ dissociates to form SCN⁻, so the position of equilibrium shifts to the left,

You now have more Fe³⁺ and SCN⁻ and less of the highly coloured Fe(SCN)²⁺ at the new equilibrium.

The deep red colour becomes less intense.

When silver nitrate is added to the Fe/SCN equilibrium,  the colourless intense and precipitate forms because it settles at the bottom.

Chemical equilibrium is the condition in the course of a reversible chemical reaction in which no net change in the amounts of reactants and products occurs.

The added silver nitrate, [tex]AgNO_3[/tex] , effectively removes thiocyanate ions, [tex]SCN^{-1}[/tex], from the equilibrium system via a precipitation reaction when the [tex]Ag^{+1}[/tex] combines with [tex]SCN^{-1}[/tex] to produce insoluble silver thiocyanate, AgSCN, which settles to the bottom of the test tube.

Ag⁺(aq) + SCN⁻(aq) ⟶ AcSCN(s)

According to Principle, when we apply stress to a system at equilibrium, the system will respond in a way that tends to relieve the stress.

Adding Ag⁺ to the equilibrium solution, it removes the SCN⁻ [as an Ag(SCN) precipitate].

The system responds by trying to replace the missing SCN⁻:

The Fe(SCN)²⁺ dissociates to form SCN⁻, so the position of equilibrium shifts to the left,

You now have more Fe³⁺ and SCN⁻ and less of the highly coloured Fe(SCN)²⁺ at the new equilibrium.

The deep red colour becomes less intense.

Learn more about chemical equilibrium here:

https://brainly.com/question/4289021

#SPJ5

Answer:

Q = 1.5 kJ

Explanation:

It is given that,

The specific heat for aluminum is 0.900 J/g°C

Mass of sample, m = 3.8 g

Initial temperature, [tex]T_i=450^{\circ} C[/tex]

Final temperature, [tex]T_f=25^{\circ} C[/tex]

We need to find the heat released. The amount of heat released is given by the formula:

[tex]Q=mc\Delta T\\\\Q=mc(T_f-T_i)\\\\Q=3.8\times 0.9\times (25-450)\\\\Q=1453.5\ J\\\\Q=1.45\ kJ[/tex]

or

[tex]Q=1.5\ kJ[/tex]

So, the correct option is (A) i.e. 1.5 kJ.

Answer:

1) R₃CO , H, H₃C, a carbon free radical

2) high temperature, ultraviolet irradiation

Explanation:

1) Homolysis leads to the formation of free radicals (species having a free electron). Thus, answer is :

R₃CO

H

H₃C

a carbon free radical

2) Homolysis require high temperature, ultraviolet irradiation.

The approximate age of the cloth is 17190 years.

We'll begin by calculating the number of half-lives that has elapsed. This can be obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = 100 / 13

2ⁿ = 8

2ⁿ = 2³

n = 3

Finally, we shall determine the age of the cloth.

t = n × t½

t = 3  × 5730

t = 17190 years

Thus, the approximate age of the cloth is 17190 years

Learn more about half life:

https://brainly.com/question/25960173

Answer:

0.025 M

Explanation:

The following data were obtained from the question:

Initial volume (V1) = 5 mL

Initial concentration (C1) = 0.5 M

Final volume (V2) = 100 mL

Final concentration (C2) =..?

Using the dilution formula, we can obtain the final concentration of the diluted solution as follow:

C1V1 = C2V2

0.5 x 5 = C2 x 100

Divide both side by 100

C2 = (0.5 x 5)/100

C2 = 0.025 M

Therefore, the final concentration of the diluted solution is 0.025 M

The concentration of the final diluted solution is 0.025M

The dilution formula is expressed according to the formula:

[tex]C_1V_1=C_2V_2[/tex]

Given the following parameters

[tex]C_1=0.5M\\V_1=5.00mL\\V_2=100.0mL\\C_2=?[/tex]

Substitute the given parameters into the formula:

[tex]C_1V_1=C_2V_2\\0.5(5)=100C_2\\2.5=100C_2\\C_2=\frac{2.5}{100}\\C_2= 0.025M[/tex]

Hence the concentration of the final diluted solution is 0.025M

Learn more here: https://brainly.com/question/6103588

Answer:

Sedimentary rocks

Explanation:

My explanation is that when an animal decomposes it body returns to the ground eventually being used in the rock cycle and rocks form this through the rock cycle when broken down by weathering and erosion.

Hope this helps you

Answer:

sedimentary rocks

They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth's surface.

Answer:

2 Al(s) + 3 CuSO₄(aq) ⇒ 3 Cu(s) + Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq)

Explanation:

Let's consider the single displacement reaction of Al(s) with CuSO₄(aq). Copper has a higher reduction potential than aluminum, so aluminum will take the place of copper to form aluminum sulfate and metallic copper. The corresponding balanced chemical equation is:

2 Al(s) + 3 CuSO₄(aq) ⇒ 3 Cu(s) + Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq)

The chemical equation is 2 Al(s) + 3 CuSO₄(aq) ⇒ 3 Cu(s) + Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq)

here we considered the single displacement reaction of Al(s) with CuSO₄(aq). Also, Copper contained a higher reduction potential as compared to aluminum, due to this aluminum will take the place of copper to create aluminum sulfate and metallic copper. So the above should be the balance chemical equation.

Learn more about reaction here: https://brainly.com/question/4417455

Answer:

C8H17N

Explanation:

Mass of the unknown compound = 5.024 mg

Mass of CO2 = 13.90 mg

Mass of H2O = 6.048 mg

Next, we shall determine the mass of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen present in the compound. This is illustrated below:

For carbon, C:

Molar mass of CO2 = 12 + (2x16) = 44g/mol

Mass of C = 12/44 x 13.90 = 3.791 mg

For hydrogen, H:

Molar mass of H2O = (2x1) + 16 = 18g/mol

Mass of H = 2/18 x 6.048 = 0.672 mg

For nitrogen, N:

Mass N = mass of unknown – (mass of C + mass of H)

Mass of N = 5.024 – (3.791 + 0.672)

Mass of N = 0.561 mg

Now, we can obtain the empirical formula for the compound as follow:

C = 3.791 mg

H = 0.672 mg

N = 0.561 mg

Divide each by their molar mass

C = 3.791 / 12 = 0.316

H = 0.672 / 1 = 0.672

N = 0.561 / 14 = 0.040

Divide by the smallest

C = 0.316 / 0.04 = 8

H = 0.672 / 0.04 = 17

N = 0.040 / 0.04 = 1

Therefore, the empirical formula for the compound is C8H17N

Answer:

Edge length of the unit cell is 4.07x10⁻¹⁰m

Explanation:

In a face-centered cubic structure, the edge, a, could be obtained using pythagoras theorem knowing the hypotenuse of the unit cell, b, is equal to 4r:

a² + a² = b² = (4r)²

2a² = 16r²

a = √8 r

That means edge lenght is = √8 r

adius

As radius of Silver is 144pm = 144x10⁻¹²m:

a = √8 r

a = √8 ₓ 144x10⁻¹²m

a = 4.07x10⁻¹⁰m

Answer:

Product: propan-1-ol

Explanation:

IIn this case, we have to remember that [tex]LiAlH_4[/tex]  is a reduction agent.  So, this is a reduction reaction. The [tex]LiAlH_4[/tex] has the ability to produce hydride ions [tex]H^-[/tex]. This ion can attack the carbonyl group generating a negative charge in the oxygen. In the next step, the negative charge in the oxygen can attack a water molecule to protonate the molecule and produce propan-1-ol.

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Answer: The mass of 405 ml of cresol is 415 grams

Explanation:

Density is defined as the mass contained per unit volume.

[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{volume}[/tex]

Given : Density of cresol = 1024 g/L

Volume of cresol = 405 ml = 0.405 L   ( 1L=1000ml)

Putting in the values we get:

[tex]1024g/L=\frac{mass}{0.405L}[/tex]

[tex]mass=1024g/L\times 0.405L=415g[/tex]

Thus mass of 405 ml of cresol is 415 grams

Answer:

Explanation:

The half reaction required

Fe⁺³ + 3 e = Fe

This is a balanced equation

No of atom of Fe on both side = 1

Total charge on the left side = + 3 - 3 = 0

Total charge on the right = 0

three electrons will be required to neutralise +3 charge on the single iron ion .

Answer:

118.4 g

Explanation:

4 Ga  +  3 S₂ → 2 Ga₂S₃

According to the equation, for every 4 moles of gallium burned, 2 moles of gallium(III) sulfide.

First, convert grams of Ga₂S₃ to moles.  The molar mass is 235.641 g/mol.

(200.0 g)/(235.641 g/mol) = 0.8487 mol

Use the relationship above to convert moles of Ga₂S₃ to moles of Ga.

(0.8487 mol Ga₂S₃) × (4 mol Ga)/(2 mol Ga₂S₃) = 1.697 mol Ga

Convert moles of Ga to grams.  The molar mass is 69.723 g/mol.

(1.697 mol Ga) × (69.723 g/mol) = 118.4 g

Considering the definition of bond and the different type of bonds, valence is not one of  the types of bonds.

A chemical bond is defined as the force by which the atoms of a compound are held together. These are electromagnetic forces that give rise to different types of chemical bonds.

In other words, a chemical bond is the force that joins atoms to form chemical compounds and confers stability to the resulting compound.

The covalent bond is the chemical bond between atoms where electrons are shared, forming a molecule. Covalent bonds are established between non-metallic elements, such as hydrogen H, oxygen O and chlorine Cl. These elements have many electrons in their outermost level (valence electrons) and have a tendency to gain electrons to acquire the stability of the electronic structure of noble gas. The shared electron pair is common to the two atoms and holds them together.

An ionic bond is produced between metallic and non-metallic atoms, where electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another. During this process, one atom loses electrons and another one gains them, forming ions.

Metallic bonds are a type of chemical bond that occurs only between atoms of the same metallic element. In this way, metals achieve extremely compact, solid and resistant molecular structures, since the atoms that share their valence electrons.

In summary, valence is not one of  the types of bonds. The types of bonds are covalent, ionic and metallic.

Learn more about chemical bonds:

https://brainly.com/question/25385832

https://brainly.com/question/13178368

#SPJ1

Answer:

Cooking a pot of soup

Explanation:

id say that because when you freeze ice cream, its already frozen, so no heat is being released. melting ice wouldn't be the answer because, once again, it is already frozen, and no heat is being released.

Answer:

the correct answer is freezing ice cream

Explanation:

i took the test & got this question correct. also, heat energy is released when freezing because there is no heat energy involved.

Answer:

A molecule is the answer.

Answer:

Temperature

Explanation:

Kinetic energy of gass molecules is directly propotional to the temperature.

Answer:

0.109 mol/tablespoon

Explanation:

6.37 g/ 58.5 mol = 0.10888888 mol (0.109 significantly)

Answer:

A: 0.109

Explanation:

Edge 2020

Answer:

THE ENTHALPY CHANGE PER MOLE OF KOH IS 8400 Joules/ mole OF HEAT.

Explanation:

Heat = heat capacity * change in temperature

Heat capacity = 36 J/K

Temperature of the mixture before mixing = 21.5 C

Temperature of mixtire after mixing = 23.6 C

Calculate the change in temperature:

Change in temperature = 23.6 C - 21.5 C = 2.1 C

Heat = 36 * 2.1

Heat = 75.6 J of heat

In essence, 45 ml of 0.20 M of KOH produces 75.8 J of heat

The enthalpy change per mole of water:

It is important t obtain the number of moles involved in the reaction of 45 mL of 0.20 M of KOH

n = C V

n = 0.20 M * 45 *10^-3

n = 0.009 moles

Since number of moles = mass / molar mass

The mass of 45 ml of 0.20 M of KOH is then:

Molar mass = ( 39 + 16 + 1) g/mol = 56 g/mol

Mass = number of moles * molar mass

Mass = 0.009 * 56

Mass = 0.504 g

So therefore 0.504 g of KOH produces 75.6 J of heat

1 mole of KOH will produce x J of heat

1 mole of KOH = 56 g of KOH

0.504 g = 75.6 J

56 g = x J

x J = 56 * 75.6 / 0.504

x J = 8400 J / mole of KOH

Answer:

The various sources of such errors are given below.

Explanation:

So that the percentage of someone specific produces heat exploratory value systems inaccuracies can be somewhat massive.

Answer:

1.22 × 10³ g

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation

P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O ⇒ 4 H₃PO₄

Step 2: Calculate the moles of H₃PO₄ produced by 3.10 moles of P₄O₁₀

The molar ratio of P₄O₁₀ to H₃PO₄ is 1:4. The moles of H₃PO₄ produced are 4/1 × 3.10 mol = 12.4 mol

Step 3: Calculate the mass corresponding to 12.4 moles of H₃PO₄

The molar mass of H₃PO₄ is 97.99 g/mol.

[tex]12.4 mol \times \frac{97.99g}{mol} = 1.22 \times 10^{3} g[/tex]

Answer:

5.42

Explanation:

Step 1: Consider the dissociation of NH₄Br

NH₄Br(aq) ⇒ NH₄⁺(aq) + Br⁻(aq)

Br⁻ is the conjugate base of HBr, a strong acid, so it doesn´t react with water. NH₄⁺ is the conjugate acid of NH₃, so it does react with water.

Step 2: Consider the acid reaction of NH₄⁺

NH₄⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ NH₃(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

Step 3: calculate the acid dissociation constant for NH₄⁺

We will use the following expression.

[tex]K_a \times K_b = K_w\\K_a = \frac{K_w}{K_b} = \frac{1.00 \times 10^{-14} }{1.76 \times 10^{-5}} = 5.68 \times 10^{-10}[/tex]

Step 4: Calculate the concentration of H₃O⁺

We will use the following expression.

[tex][H_3O^{+} ]= \sqrt{K_a \times C_a } = \sqrt{5.68 \times 10^{-10} \times 0.0255 } = 3.81 \times 10^{-6}M[/tex]

Step 5: Calculate the pH

We will use the following expression.

[tex]pH = -log [H_3O^{+} ] = -log (3.81 \times 10^{-6}) = 5.42[/tex]

The pH of 0.0255 M solution should be 5.42.

Since we know that

ka * kb = kw

So,

ka = kw/kb

= 1.00*10^-14 / 1.76*10^-5

= 5.68*10^-10

Now the concentration of H3O should be

= √ka * Ca

= √5.68*10^-10 * 0.0255

= 3.81*10^-6M

Now the pH value should be

= -log(H3O+)

= -log(3.81*10^-6)

= 5.42

hence, The pH of 0.0255 M solution should be 5.42.

Learn more about pH here: https://brainly.com/question/23506014

Answer:

The element potassium forms a cation with the charge +1 . The symbol for this ion is K⁺, and the name is potassium ion. The number of electrons in this ion is 18.

Explanation:

Potassium is a metal. It belongs to the group 1 elements. Metals form cations by losing electrons. Since potassium is a group element, it forms a cation by losing one electron. The charge it has is +1 due to the excess of the protons compared t the electrons by 1.

Potassium has  19 electrons. Potassium io on the other hand has 19-1 = 18 electrons.