Answer:
Distance
Explanation:
Distance is the base quantity (measured in lengths) while speed, Area and Force are all derived quantities derived from base quantities.
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Determine the net force charge acting at q1 (+ 2.0 × 10-5C), caused by q2 (-4.0 × 10-5 C) and q3 (-4.0 × 10-5 C). Be sure to include a free body diagram representing the force acting at q1 in your solution. Determine the net electric field acting at q1.
Answer:
Please INCLUDE a picture.
Explanation:
You did not include a picture, so there is no way to tell how the charges will interact with each other.
Please INCLUDE a picture.
The net force acting on q1 is 3.2 N to the right.
The force on q₁ due to q₂ is:
F1 = k * q₁ * q₂ / r²
where:
k is Coulomb's constant, which is 8.98755 × 10⁹ N m² C⁻²
q₁ is the charge of q₁, which is +2.0 × 10⁻⁵ C
q₂ is the charge of q₂, which is -4.0 × 10⁻⁵ C
r is the distance between q₁ and q₂, which is 0.1 m
Plugging in the values, we get:
F₁ = 8.98755 × 10⁹ N m² C⁻² * 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ C * -4.0 × 10⁻⁵ C / (0.1 m)²
= 6.4 N
The force on q₁ due to q₃ is:
F₂ = k * q₁ * q₃ / r²
where:
k is Coulomb's constant, which is 8.98755 × 10⁹ N m² C²
q₁ is the charge of q₁, which is +2.0 × 10⁻⁵ C
q₃ is the charge of q₃, which is -4.0 × 10⁻⁵ C
r is the distance between q₁ and q₃, which is 0.2 m
Plugging in the values, we get:
F₂ = 8.98755 × 10⁹ N m² C⁻² * 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ C * -4.0 × 10⁻⁵ C / (0.2 m)²
= 16 N
The net force on q₁ is the sum of F₁ and F₂:
Fnet = F₁ + F₂
= 6.4 N + 16 N
= 22 N
The net force on q1 is to the right because both F₁ and F₂ are to the right.
Net electric field
The net electric field acting on q1 is 3.2 N/C to the right.
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magnetic moment is scaler or vector??
A particle of charge on the y-axis a distance ( ) from the origin and a second particle of charge is on the x-axis adistance ( ) from the origin. The magnitude of the x-component of the force on the second particle is:
The question is incomplete, we can notice that from from () in between the question.
The correct question is:
A particle of charge on the y-axis a distance a from the origin and a second particle of charge is on the x-axis a distance d from the origin. The magnitude of the x-component of the force on the second particle is:
Answer:
d= [tex]\frac{a}{\sqrt{2} }[/tex]
Explanation:
given
distance from origin on y axis = a
distance from origin on x axis = d
attached is an equation that further explains how we got the answer
A boy of mass 45kg sits 109cm to the left of seesaw. Another boy of mass 29000g wants to balance the seesaw. At what distance he needs to sit?
Answer:
[tex]d_{2}[/tex] = 169 cm
Explanation:
Mass 1 = 45 kg => Force = 450 N
Mass 2 = 29 kg => Force = 290 N
According to principle of moments:
=> [tex]F_{1}d_{1} = F_{2}d_{2}[/tex]
Where [tex]F_{1}[/tex] = 450 N, [tex]d_{1}[/tex] = 109 cm and [tex]F_{2}[/tex] = 290 N
=> (450)(109) = 290[tex]d_{2}[/tex]
=> 49050 = 290[tex]d_{2}[/tex]
Dividing both sides by 290
=> [tex]d_{2}[/tex] = 169 cm
It takes 12.8 N of force to pull the
spring in a toy dart gun back
0.0715 m. What is the spring
constant of the spring?
(Unit = N/m)
Answer:
179.02N/m
Explanation:
spring constant = force/extension
(12.8)/(0.0715)= 179.02N/m
De acuerdo al calendario ecológico 2020, escriba cuanto CO2 produce el Ecuador y en un resumen máximo de 7 líneas, determine porque son importante los humedales en la biodiversidad.
Answer:
43,919.66 Kilotones de Co2 en 2016.
Explicación:
Ecuador produce 43,919.66 Kilotones de Co2 en 2016. Las tierras húmedas son muy importantes para la biodiversidad porque proporcionan hábitat a millones de animales. Alrededor del 35 por ciento de todas las especies amenazadas y en peligro vive en estas tierras húmedas. Estas tierras húmedas son altamente productivas y tienen la capacidad de mejorar la calidad del agua, prevenir la degradación del suelo y proporcionar alimentos a los animales que viven en estas tierras húmedas.
The standard wave format for any wave is wave. When depicting wave in standard wave format, the direction of motion must be rotated by 90 degrees. Only one of two waves is shown at a time when placing wave in standard wave format.
Answer:
Transverse wave and Longitudinal wave and Electromagnetic wave
Explanation:
An inverted wave is a wave in which the vibrations of the particles are perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. Longitudinal waves, on the other hand, are waves in which the vibrations of the particles are parallel to the direction of wave motion. Electromagnetic waves are waves that do not require medium media for transmission, including radio waves, microwaves, UV lights, etc. Most electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.Answer:
Transverse wave and Longitudinal wave and Electromagnetic wave
Explanation:
What is the overall charge of the wall?
Answer:
The overall charge on the wall is zero.
Explanation:
Because the atoms making the wall are neutral i.e. number of positive charges are equal to number of negative charges.
the dimension of relative density and tension
Answer:
Relative density is proportional to the frequency of a material's density to its water density. Because both have had the same proportions, their proportion is also dimensionless.
Explanation:
The dimension of relative density:-
Relative Density of a Substance (R.D.) = Substance Density / Water Density.
Therefore, R.D. Is just a ratio or a number. There are no units or dimensions to it.
For example:- The density of iron is 8.5 GM's/cm^3 & the density of water is 1 gm/cm^3 (in cgs units).
Tension:- Surface tension is the propensity of the new worlds and infographics to reduce to the particle size which is least appropriate. Atmospheric pressure helps insects (e.g. water striders) can travel or move and on a water surface, typically object is sensed rather than water.
A box is dragged across a floor by pulling on a rope attached to the crate and inclined 25 o above the horizontal. If the coefficient of static friction is 0.64, it requires a force of 350 N to just start it moving. What is the mass of the box
Answer:
[tex]m=35.58 kg[/tex]
Explanation:
Using the first Newton's equation
[tex]\Sum F_{T}=F-mgsin(25)-\mu mgcos(25)=0[/tex]
We just need to solve it for m:
[tex]m=\frac{F}{g(sin(25)+\mu cos(25))}[/tex]
[tex]m=\frac{350}{9.81(sin(25)+0.64cos(25))}[/tex]
[tex]m=35.58 kg[/tex]
I hope it helps you!
The leaning tower of Pisa is about 56 meters tall. A ball released from the top takes 3.4 seconds to reach the ground. The final velocity of the ball before it hits the ground is 33 meters/second. Assuming that the ball experienced a constant acceleration throughout this descent, calculate the magnitude of the acceleration. A. 0.24 g
Answer:
Magnitude of the acceleration(g) = 9.7 meters/second²
Explanation:
Given:
Height of tower = 56 meter
Time taken = 3.4 second
Final velocity (v) = 33 meters/second
Initial velocity (u) = 0 meters/second
Find:
Magnitude of the acceleration(g)
Computation:
Using first equation of motion:
v = u + at
Magnitude of the acceleration(g)
v = u + gt
33 = 0 + g(3.4)
g = 33 / 3.4
g = 9.7 meters/second²
Magnitude of the acceleration(g) = 9.7 meters/second²
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Compare and contrast electric potential energy and electric potential difference?
Electric potential energy Ue is the potential energy stored when charges are out of equilibrium (like gravitational potential energy). Electric potential is the same, but per charge, Ueq. An electric potential difference between two points is called voltage, V=Ue2q-Ue1q.
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
There are multiple differences between electric potential energy and electric potential, but I want to include one major point -
The value of electric potential gives you the amount of work that needs to be done. This can be translated into a formula where the charge q has a potential energy of Vq with a potential of V - at a set distance r. Thus, electric potential is represented by V ( Volts ),
V = kq / r
_______________________________________________________
Electric potential energy is represented by U rather than V. Two charges are set with distance r,
U = k( q1 )( q2 ) / r
Hope that helps!
A projectile is fired with an initial speed of 60.3 m/s at an angle of 34.2 above the horizontal on a long flat firing range.
Part A: Determine the maximum height reached by the projectile.
Part B: Determine the total time in the air.
Part C: Determine the total horizontal distance covered (this is, the range).
Part D: Determine the speed of the projectile 1.20 s after firing.
Part E: Determine the direction of the projectile 1.20 s after firing.
Answer:
A.) H = 58.6 m
B.) T = 6.92 s
C.) 345.12 m
D.) V = 22.13 m/s
E.) Ø = 32.1 degree
Explanation:
Given that the
initial speed U = 60.3 m/s
Angle Ø = 34.2 degree
A.) At maximum height, final velocity V is equal to zero.
Using the third equation of motion under gravity.
V^2 = U sin Ø^2 - 2gH
Substitute for U and g. Where g = 9.8 m/s^2
0 = (60.3 sin 34.2)^2 - 2 × 9.8 × H
1148.78 = 19.6 H
H = 1148.78/19.6
H = 58.6 m
B.) To Determine the total time in the air, let us use the formula
V = UsinØ - gt
At maximum height, V = 0
t = UsinØ/g
Total time T = 2t
Therefore, T = 2UsinØ/g
T = (2 × 60.3 × sin 34.2)/9.8
T = 67.79/9.8
T = 6.92 s
C.) To determine the total horizontal distance covered which is the range, we will use second equation of motion.
S = UcosØT - 1/2gt^2
Where S = range R
g = 0, since the range is not a vertical distance
T = total time
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
R = 60.3 cos 34.2 × 6.92
R = 345.12 m
D.) After 1.2 s firing,
V = UsinØ - gt
Where t = 1.2 s
Substitute into the formula
V = 60.3 × sin34.2 - 9.8 × 1.2
V = 33.89 - 11.76
V = 22.13 m/s
Therefore the speed of the projectile 1.20 s after firing is 22.13 m/s
E.) The direction will be determined by using the formula
t = VsinØ/ g
Cross multiply
VsinØ = gt
Make SinØ the subject of formula
SinØ = gt/V
SinØ = (9.8×1.2)/22.13
Sin Ø = 11.76/22.13
Sin Ø = 0.53
Ø = sin^-1( 0.53 )
Ø = 32.1 degree
What will be the resistance Rstretched of the wire if it is stretched to twice its original length? Assume that the density and resistivity of the material do not change when the wire is stretched.
Answer:
Hence, the resistance of the stretched wire will be four times that of the original wire.Explanation:
The resistance of a material is expressed as R = ρL/A
Volume of the original material V = Area * Length = A*L
ρ is the resistivity of the material
R is the resistance
A is the cross sectional area
L is the length of the wire.
If the wire is stretched o twice its original length then new length of the wire L₂ = 2L. Note that an increase in the length of wire will affect its area but its volume and density will not change.
This means V = V₂
A*L = = A₂*L₂
A*L = A₂*(2 L)
A = 2 A₂
A₂ = A/2
The new resistance of the material Rf = ρL₂/A₂
R₂ = ρ(2 L)/(A/2)
Rf = 2ρL * 2/A
Rf = 4(ρL/A)
Since R = ρL/A
R₂ = 4R
Hence, the resistance of the stretched wire will be four times that of the original wire.
If the wire is stretched to twice its original length, the new resistance would be quadrupled.
The resistance (R) of a wire is given by:
[tex]R=\rho\frac{L}{A} \\\\where\ L\ is\ length\ of\ wire, A\ is\ the\ cross\ sectional\ area\ and\ \rho\ \\is\ the\ resistivity[/tex]
Since the wire is stretched, the new length (L₁) is twice its original length, hence:
L₁ = 2L
An increase in length affects the area, the new area (A₁) is:
initial volume = volume after stretch
AL = A₁L₁
AL = A₁(2L)
A₁ = A/2
The resistance of the stretched wire (R₁) is:
[tex]R_1=\rho\frac{L_1}{A_1} \\\\R_1=\rho\frac{2L}{A/2} \\\\R_1=4\rho\frac{L}{A}=4R[/tex]
Therefore if the wire is stretched to twice its original length, the new resistance would be quadrupled.
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Two identical long wires of radius a = 2.80 mm are parallel and carry identical currents of i = 5.00 A in opposite directions. Their center-to-center separation is W = 19.0 cm. Neglect the flux within the wires but consider the flux in the region between the wires. What is the inductance per unit length of the wires?
Answer:
Inductance per unit length, [tex]\frac{L}{l} = 7.02 * 10^{-7} H/m[/tex]
Explanation:
Radius of the wire, a = 2.80 mm
Currents carried by each of the wires, i = 5.00 A
Center-to-Center Separation, W = 19.0 cm
The flux in the wires is given by the equation, ∅ = Li
The Net flux of the region between the wires is given by the equation:
[tex]\phi = \frac{l \mu_0 i}{\pi} ln(\frac{W-a}{a})[/tex]
Divide both sides by l to get the net flux per unit length
[tex]\phi/l = \frac{ \mu_0 i}{\pi} ln(\frac{W-a}{a})\\\phi/l = \frac{ 4 \pi * 10^{-7} i}{\pi} ln(\frac{0.019-0.0028}{0.0028})\\\phi/l = 7.02 * 10^{-7} i\\\frac{Li}{l} = 7.02 * 10^{-7} i\\\frac{L}{l} = 7.02 * 10^{-7} H/m[/tex]
Differences Between light year and astronomical unit in two points .
Answer:
A light year is the distance light travels in a year. ... And an astronomical unit is the average distance between the earth and the sun. So the distance to the sun is by definition one AU. A parsec is the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one second of arc.
Answer: A light year is the distance light travels in a year. ... And an astronomical unit is the average distance between the earth and the sun. So the distance to the sun is by definition one AU. A parsec is the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one second of arc
Explanation:
Which vector has an x-component with a length of 4?
Answer:
C.) vector C
Explanation:
From the graph provided:
Four vectors are present :
Vectors a, b, c and d.
The x-component of the vector is its magnitude along the x-axis.
Taking the coordinate of each vector:
Vector a = (1,4) : length of x- component = 1
Vector b = (1, 1) : length of x- component = 1
Vector c = (4, -4) : length of x- component = 4
Vector d = (-3, 4) : length of x- component = - 3
Therefore, vector c has an x-component length of 4
name the three main states of matter
Answer:
The primary distinct forms that matter can exist in is solid, liquid, and gas.
Explanation:
Answer:
liquid, solid, and gas
Explanation:
What is the function of the uterus during embryo development?
Answer:
The uterus plays a significant part in the pregnancy, menstruation, zygote implantation, conception, labor, and delivery of the baby along with other essential reproductive system organs.
Explanation:
The uterus is a female reproductive organ that is pare shaped and situated between the urinary bladder and the rectum ins the pelvis. The placenta develops links with the uterine blood vessels that provide the embryo with nutrition through an umbilical cord. When this happens, the uterus delivers signals to the brain to adjust the secretion of the hormone such that releases of more eggs (i.e. ovulation) are halted and the menstrual cycle momentarily stops, thereby verifying the pregnancy. In pregnancy the uterus provides the space and an adequate atmosphere for the fetus to develop safely, it provides feedback to the brain which regulates hormones release. The uterus forms a link between the mother and the baby through the placenta and umbilical cord not only to provide the requisite nutrients and oxygen but also to extract the waste products and purify the blood of the fetus before the fetal organs take over.
You are launching a 2 kg potato out of a potato cannon. The cannon is 1.7 m long and is aimed 35 degrees above the horizontal. It exerts a 40 N force on the potato. What is the kinetic energy (in J) of the potato as it leaves the muzzle of the potato cannon?
Answer:
Explanation:
work done by force exerted by canon = force x displacement
= 40 x 1.7 = 68 N
This energy would have been added to the potato .
Increase in potential energy of potato = mgh
= mg sin 35 x 1.7 = 2 x 9.8 x sin 35 x 1.7 = 19.11 J
Increase in kinetic energy = 68 - 19.11
= 48.89 J
Consider a transition at 5000 Å with a width of 1 Å and a cavity 2 cm3 in volume. How many electromagnetic modes exist in this frequency band for this cavity?
Answer:
total number of modes is 8
Explanation:
attached here is the calculations
Which of these is the definition of power? - How strong something is. -The rate of energy transfer - Mains electricity - Turning something on
Answer:
The rate of energy transfer
Explanation:
Power is a measure of energy transfer rate. (energy per time)
calculate the wavelength of a wave if 5 complete waves occupy a length of 20m
The wavelength of the wave will be 4 meters. when 5 complete waves occupy a length of 20m.
What is wavelength?Wavelength is defined as the space between waves' crests, particularly between electromagnetic or sound wave points. A recurring event's frequency is measured by how many times it occurs in a unit of time. To underline the difference from spatial frequency, it is also occasionally referred to as temporal frequency.
There is an inverse relationship between the frequency and the wavelength of the waves as the wavelength increases the frequency decreases and if the wavelength decreases the frequency increases.
Given that a wave has 5 complete waves occupying a length of 20m. The wavelength of the wave will be calculated as below:-
λ = Distance / frequency
λ = 20 / 5
λ = 4 meters
Therefore, the wavelength of the wave will be 4 meters. when 5 complete waves occupy a length of 20m.
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A flashlight is 40.0 cm from a double convex lens. The image of the flashlight is
observed at a position 30.0 cm on the other side of the lens. What is the focal length
of the lens?
1) 0.0580cm
2) 10.0cm
3) 13.3cm
4) 17.2cm
Answer: 4.) 17.2cm
Explanation:
A flashlight is 40.0 cm from a double convex lens. The image of the flashlight is observed at a position 30.0 cm on the other side of the lens. What is the focal length?
Given the following :
Object distance(u) = 40cm
image distance (v) = 30cm
Focal length(f) =?
Using the mirror formular:
f = uv / (v+u)
f = (40 * 30) / (40 + 30)
f = 1200 / 70
f = 17.142857 cm
Two straight, parallel wires a and b carry currents in opposite directions, and are separated by a distance d. The magnitude of the force exerted by each wire on a segment of length L of the other wire is F. The vector sum of these forces is
Answer:
Zero
Explanation:
The magnetic field due to the first wire on the second wire with current i₁ in the first wire at a distance d from the second wire is B₁ = μ₀i₁/2πd.
The magnetic force due to this field on the second wire of length segment, L and current i₂ is F₁ = Bi₂L = (μ₀i₁/2πd)i₂L = μ₀i₁i₂L/2πd = F
The magnetic field due to the second wire on the first wire with current i₂ in the first wire at a distance d from the second wire is B₂ = μ₀i₂/2πd.
The magnetic force due to this field on the first wire of length segment, L and current i₁ is F₂ = Bi₁L = (μ₀i₂/2πd)i₁L = μ₀i₁i₂L/2πd = F
Since their magnetic fields are in opposite directions, according to the right hand rule, their forces would also be in opposite directions.
So F₁ = F and F₂ = -F
So their vector sum F₁ + F₂ = F +(-F) = F - F = 0
Neptune moves in an elliptical orbit with the sun at one of the foci. The length of half of the major axis is kilometers, and the eccentricity is 0.0086. Find the perihelion distance of Neptune from the sun. Round your answer to the nearest kilometers.
Given that,
Eccentricity = 0.0086
Suppose, The length of half of the major axis is [tex]1\times10^{9}\ km[/tex]
We need to calculate the distance from the center to the foci
Using formula of eccentricity
[tex]e=\dfrac{c}{a}[/tex]
[tex]c=e\times a[/tex]
Where, e = eccentricity
a = major axis
c = the distance from the center to the foci
Put the value in to the formula
[tex]c=0.0086\times1\times10^{9}[/tex]
[tex]c=8600000[/tex]
We need to calculate the perihelion distance of Neptune from the sun
Using formula of distance
[tex]d=a-c[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]d=1\times10^{9}-0.0086\times10^{9}[/tex]
[tex]d=991400000\ km[/tex]
Hence, The perihelion distance of Neptune from the sun is 991400000 km.
Describe your acceleration as you skate down your neighborhood sidewalk.
Answer: when you increase or decrease your speed.
Explanation:
Moving a skate at rest, you need to apply force in order to cause acceleration.
F = ma Where
F = force applied
m = mass of the skate
a = acceleration
The initial velocity u will be equal to zero and the skate will acceleration to a certain velocity.
as you skate down your neighborhood sidewalk, you will accelerate when you increase your speed. Because
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. That is,
Acceleration = change in velocity/ time.
And also, you will decelerate when you reduce the speed or velocity down your neighborhood sidewalk.
The instant before a tennis racquet hits a 0.057 kg tennis ball, the velocity of the ball is 55 m/s west. The instant after
the batter hits the ball, the ball's velocity is 45 m/s east. The racquet and ball are in contact for 1.5 x 10-2
S.
Determine the acceleration of the tennis ball while it is in contact with the racquet. State direction clearly.
670 m/s2 [E]
6700 m/s? [E]
670 m/s2 [W]
6700 m/s2 [W]
Answer: 6700m/s^2 E
Explanation:
Given the following :
Velocity of ball before being hit by a racquet = initial velocity(u) = 55m/s W
Velocity of the ball after being hit = final Velocity (v) = 45m/s E
Time of contact between ball and racquet (t) = 1.5 × 10^-2
The acceleration of a body is the change in Velocity of a body with time. It given by:
Acceleration (a) = [final Velocity(v) - initial velocity(u)] / time(t)
The westward direction is towards the left and thus Velocity takes a negative value, similarly, if it's towards the right, Velocity takes a positive value.
Therefore,
a = [45 - (-55)] / 1.5×10^-2
a = [45 + 55] / 0.015
a = 100 / 0.015
a = 6666.6666 m/s^2
a = 6700m/s^2 E
Since the value of acceleration is positive, the direction is towards the East (acceleration is in the direction of the ball's final Velocity).
alculate the potential difference if 20J of energy are transferred by 8C of charge.
Answer:
V = 2.5 J/C
Explanation:
Given:
Energy = E = 20 J
Charge = Q = 8 C
Required:
Potential Difference = V = ?
Formula:
V = [tex]\frac{E}{Q}[/tex]
Solution:
V = 20/8
V = 2.5 J/C
Answer:
Given :
✧ Energy transferred = 20J ✧ Charge = 8CTo Find :
✧ Potential differenceUsing Formula :
We know that the electric potential difference is also known as voltage (v).
[tex]{\star{\small{\underline{\boxed{\sf{\red{ V =\dfrac{E}{Q}}}}}}}}[/tex]
✧ Potential difference ✧ E = Energy transferred✧ Q = ChargeSolution :
Substituting the given values in the formula to find potential difference :
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\pmb{\sf{ V =\dfrac{E}{Q}}}}}}[/tex]
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\sf{ V =\dfrac{20}{8}}}}}[/tex]
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\sf{ V = \cancel{\dfrac{20}{8}}}}}}[/tex]
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\sf{ V = {\dfrac{10}{4}}}}}}[/tex]
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\sf{ V = \cancel{\dfrac{10}{4}}}}}}[/tex]
[tex]{\dashrightarrow{\small{\sf{\underline{\underline{\purple{V = 2.25}}}}}}}[/tex]
Hence, the potential difference is 2.25V.
[tex]\underline{\rule{220pt}{3pt}}[/tex]
A test car is driving toward a solid crash-test barrier with a speed of 46 mi/h. Two seconds prior to impact, the car begins to brake, but it is still moving when it hits the wall. After the collision with the wall, the car crumples somewhat and comes to a complete stop. In order to estimate the average force exerted by the wall on the car, what information would you need to collect?
Answer:
we have to measure distances and time, possibly with an automated system since the values are very small
Explanation:
For this exercise we can use the relationship between momentum and momentum
I = ∫ F dt = Δp
F t = m [tex]v_{f}[/tex] - mv₀
In the exercise they indicate that the final speed is zero
F t = - m v₀
F = -m v₀ / t
With this equation we can find what measurements should be carried out.
To find the speed with which the car collides with the wall, less measure the displacement and its time during the braking process before reaching the wall and from here find the speed with which it reaches the wall.
During the impact, we must find the time that the vehicle is in contact with the wall in the first approach is equal to the time that the car takes to reach the final speed of zero.
In summary we have to measure distances and time, possibly with an automated system since the values are very small