How can there be further research on viruses and how can it be improved?

Answer:   3 Ways Viruses Have Changed Science for the Better

A virus is nature’s efficient little killer. It can invade a cell, take over its inner machinery, trick it into making more virus DNA and escape with a new posse of virus children (often killing the host in the process). They’re really good at what they do, and we’ve been able to harness their skills to learn about – and potentially improve – human health in several ways.

Viruses Show Us the Truth About DNA

Bacteriophages swarm a bacterial cell, as captured by transmission electron micrography. Image credit: Graham Beards/Wikipedia

A virus called Phage T2 played a starring role in experiments that proved DNA contains the stuff of life.

We take it for granted that life is coded in DNA, but in the 1950s many scientists thought proteins contained our genetic material instead. A virus called bacteriophage T2 helped clinch the debate in DNA’s favor in what are now famously known as the Hershey-Chase experiments.

T2 creates copies of itself by injecting its genetic material into bacteria, where it uses the cell to reproduce. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase created two sets of radioactive T2 viruses – one with glowing protein and one with glowing DNA – and set them loose on bacteria.

The experiment showed that infected bacteria lit up only when exposed to glowing DNA, proving that DNA had been passed on to the cells, while the glowing protein was discarded. Here’s an animated explainer from UC Davis.

Viruses and Genetic Engineering

Common anatomy of bacteriophages, viruses that attack bacteria, as captured by transmission electron microscope. Image credit: Sorenson et al./PLoS ONE

Bacteria-eating viruses helped scientists discover a new way to genetically modify cells in just about any organism – including humans.

Bacteriophages are viruses that reproduce by injecting their DNA into bacteria, often killing the bacterium in the process. But in the 1980s, it was discovered that bacteria have a natural defense system, and scientists have recently learned to use this system to engineer DNA on command. It’s called CRISPR/Cas9, and it’s proving to be a cheap, fast and accurate way to manipulate DNA in the lab.

A powerful “search and replace” tool, CRISPR/Cas9 allows scientists to “train” cells to hunt down specific genes to disable them, and even to repair faulty genes by swapping in single genetic “letters.” Many believe that CRISPR/Cas9 will be used to treat diseases in the near future. Scientists recently used CRISPR/Cas9 to successfully modify human T cells to better fight HIV and cancer.

Giant Viruses and Stargates

On the left, arrows point to the openings of the “stargate” of the giant Mimivirus; on the right, a Mimivirus with its stargate wide open. Image credit: Zauberman et al./PLoS Biology

Scientists keep finding bigger, stranger viruses, and it’s kind of jarring.

In 2003, scientists accidentally discovered the largest virus ever recorded. It’s called the Mimivirus and, after 10 years of suffering from mistaken identity, genetic sequencing proved that it was not bacteria but the strangest virus anyone had ever seen. It’s about 20 times bigger than the average virus and it contains genes previously thought to belong only to cellular life.

And it has a stargate: a five-pronged opening on the side of the virus’ head opens to release genetic material, infecting a host cell to create more viruses. Fortunately, it only attacks amoebas.

But Mimivirus isn’t alone. Since 2003, scientists have discovered three more giant viruses. The latest, Pithovirus, was discovered last year in 30,000-year-old Siberian permafrost – and it turns out it’s still infectious after a good thaw.

Which person engages in habits that are most harmful to his or her health ? A: Martina eats nutritious foods, avoid physical exertion, and enjoy spending time with friends..B:Mathew skips meals, sleeps an irregular number of hours, and smoke cigarettes daily..C: Alexa is captain of her soccer team, is careful about what she eats, and has a family history of diabetes.. D: Jason is self-conscious about his weight. He tries hard to control his diet but can’t help over eating sometimes.

You tap a person to see if they are ok and the person does not respond. What is your next step? begin mouth to mouth breathing begin CPR call 911

Mario has missed a few workouts, after deciding to go out and have fun with his friends instead of following his physical fitness plan. What internal barriers does Mario seem to be suffering from? having low self esteem and/or body shame struggling to have self-discipline lacking the knowledge about how to exercising correctly having lack of safe spaces for exercise feeling like physical fitness is a hard choice to make

Exercise is one of the most important keys to wellness

A continuación le presentamos un problema de investigación. Formule el/los objetivos e identifiqué la variable dependiente y la variable independiente. "En el año 1999, se observo en la capital Federal un elevado numero de suicidiod en la poblacion adolescente; pudo saberse a través de fuentes informales que muchos de estos casos ocurrieron en adolescentes adictos a las drogras que en ese último periodo se habian iniciado en el consumo de una nueva droga importada desde europa".

what are the health benefits of promegranate​

Why is stress bad and what are the negative effects of it

Harassment is unwelcome verbal or physical behavior. What is it based on? Select four options religious differences. cultural differences. physical or mental differences. perceived or real gender identity. mutual respect.

After spending a day gardening, Amy develops red, itchy eyes due to exposure to pollen. What type of medication will Amy's doctor prescribe for her allergic reaction? A. osmotic B. antibiotic C. antihistamine D. anesthetic²

which is a characteristic of a person with positive metal well-being?

THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEALTH CARE
SECTION ONE
For each statement state whether it is primary(p), secondary(s),or tertiary(t) healthcare
1. Going to a specialist
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2.Limit or prevent future complications
3.Immunization against infectious disease
4. Rehabilitation programs
5.Discuss treatment options
6. Treatment to prevent complications
7.Patient support groups.​

For men, which number and frequency of drinks defines binge drinking?

low temperature in habits the growth of microorganism it is true or false​

The term "fitness" refers to the quality of physical and mental soundness.

Based on the passage, which statements describe the effects of sexual violence? Check all that apply. Sexual violence affects daily life even if the assault happened years ago. Sexual violence affects finances due to medical expenses and missed work. Sexual violence affects health and overall well-being in both the short-term and the long-term. Sexual violence needs to be forgotten as soon as possible so that it seems like it never happened.

Which of the following statements is true

Can someone tell me which health technology matches with the correct potential use please

what are some chores to in or out? not dealing with: sweeping vacuuming organizing closet or room doing dishes

Which of these problems can be best solved through community action? A. Conner is thinking about joining the high school basketball team, but he is not very tall and he feels inferior to other boys his age. B. Rebecca, who lives in a town with inadequate medical facilities, needs to see a doctor regularly to monitor her diabetes. C. Thierry often leaves his bike by the back stairs, making it difficult for others to pass without tripping or scraping themselves on it.

Which action can lead to unintentional injuries
A driving
B getting in a fight
C avoiding illegals drugs
D carrying a weapon

Select the correct answer.
Which of the following is a reasonable argument for abstinence?

4. The main purpose of
is to inform or explain.​

Help please! Thanks if you do :)
An important factor that distinguishes humanistic therapy from other therapies is that humanistic therapy _____
A. Changes a person by changing what he or she does
B. Is focused on conscious thought
C. Recognizes the feedback loop of a person's thoughts and feelings that influences behavior
D. Helps a person to become whole or integerated

Describe Two external factors that may influence a person’s decision to become bulimic

write a paragraph explaining the importance of cooling down after a workout

What is the best health-related reason to be physically active? Group of answer choices

Which of these are characteristics of an abuser in an abusive relationship?
Select the three correct answers.
A. Overly critical
B. Controlling
C. Cruel
D. Patient
Help!!!

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6. Possible symptoms of
anaphylactic shock include
a. itching all over the body.
b. swelling in the mouth
or throat.
c. difficulty breathing and
a pounding heart.
d. All of the above

Which is a legal punishment that could occur if a person is found to be driving while under the influence of alcohol?

Which of the following types of exercise has very little effect on body composition:
muscular strength exercises
cardiorespiratory exercises
flexibility exercises
muscular endurance exercises