Answer:
12 Twelfths (12/10)
Step-by-step explanation:
If the dinosaur ate 10 twelfths, then ate 2 twelfths, you need too add that up.
10/12 + 2/12 = 12/10.
The dinosaur ate 12/10 of a plant. (6/5 if needed to simplify)
Hope this helps!
Answer:
0/12
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer is 0/12. We know this because if there are twelve twelfths [12/12] of a plant and the stegosaurus eats ten twelfths [10/12] of a plant then it is 12 - 10 or the fraction form [12/12 - 10/12] then we subtract and we get the answer [2/12]. And then later it says the stegosaurus ate two twelfths [2/12] of a plant then we subtract 2 - 12 or [2/12 - 2/12] that would then equal 0/12.
A restaurant offers two types of pizza
dough: sourdough and whole wheat.
The chefs can make three types of
pizza crust: thin, thick, or deep dish.
What is the probability that the next
customer will order a whole wheat
pizza with thick crust?
Answer:
1/6 or 16.6%
Step-by-step explanation:
There are 6 possible combinations, one of which being whole wheat with thick crust. Therefore there is a 1/6 chance.
You are going to your first school dance! You bring $20,
and sodas cost $2. How many sodas can you buy?
Please write and solve an equation (for x sodas), and
explain how you set it up.
Answer:
10
Step-by-step explanation:
Let the no. of sodas be x
Price of each soda = $2
Therefore, no . of sodas you can buy = $2x
2x=20
=>x=[tex]\frac{20}{2}[/tex]
=>x=10
you can buy 10 sodas
Answer: 10 sodas
Step-by-step explanation:
2x = 20 Divide both sides by 2
x = 10
If I brought 20 dollars and I want to by only sodas and each sodas cost 2 dollars, then I will divide the total amount of money that I brought by 2 to find out how many sodas I could by.
Find a pair of polar coordinates for the point with rectangular coordinates (5, –5).
Answer:
(5*sqrt(2), 5pi/4)
Step-by-step explanation:
In Polar coordinates, tan(theta)=y/x and r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)
tan(theta)=-5/5=-1. Theta=5pi/4
r=sqrt(5^2+5^2)=5*sqrt(2)
Hence the Polar coordinate is (5*sqrt(2), 5pi/4)
The polar coordinate is [tex](5\sqrt{2},\frac{-\pi }{4} )[/tex].
What is polar coordinate system?The polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction.
How to convert rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates?To convert rectangular coordinate (x, y) to polar coordinate(r, θ) by using some formula
tanθ = y/x and [tex]r =\sqrt{x^{2} +y^{2} }[/tex]
According to the given question
We have
A rectangular coordinate (5, -5).
⇒ x = 5 and y = -5
Therefore,
[tex]r=\sqrt{(5)^{2} +(-5)^{2} } =\sqrt{25+25} =\sqrt{50} =5\sqrt{2}[/tex]
and
tanθ = [tex]\frac{-5}{5} =-1[/tex]
⇒ θ = [tex]tan^{-1} (-1)[/tex] = [tex]-\frac{\pi }{4}[/tex]
Therefore, the polar coordinate is [tex](5\sqrt{2},\frac{-\pi }{4} )[/tex].
Learn more about polar coordinates here:
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PLEASE HELP!!!!!!
Look at the triangle ABC.
A (4.5)
5
4
3
2
1
C (4.1)
B (2.1)
1 2 3
4 5
--5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
What is the length of the side AB of the triangle?
2
20
38
=========================================
Explanation:
Count out the spaces, or use subtraction, to find the horizontal side BC is 2 units long. Similarly, you'll find the vertical side AC is 4 units long.
Use the pythagorean theorem to find the length of segment AB.
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
2^2 + 4^2 = c^2
4 + 16 = c^2
20 = c^2
c^2 = 20
c = sqrt(20)
We stop here since it matches with choice B.
-----------------
Optionally, we can simplify like so
sqrt(20) = sqrt(4*5)
sqrt(20) = sqrt(4)*sqrt(5)
sqrt(20) = 2*sqrt(5)
Answer:
The answer is [tex]\sqrt{20}[/tex].
Step-by-step explanation:
Use the Pythagorean Theorem.
[tex]2^{2} + 4^{2} = c^{2} \\4+16 = c^{2} \\\sqrt{20} = c[/tex]
The sum of 5 consecutive odd integers is 425. Find the integers.
Answer:
Hello,
Step-by-step explanation:
This a method knowing nothing.
1+3+5+7+9=25
425-25=400
400/5=80
Numbers are 80+1,80+,80+5,80+7,80+9 whose sum is 425.
Suppose the mean height in inches of all 9th grade students at one high school is estimated. The population standard deviation is 5 inches. The heights of 9 randomly selected students are 66, 71, 63, 74, 69, 64, 66, 68 and 67.
Answer:
The mean is about 68 (67.5555)
Step-by-step explanation:
(63+64+66+66+67+68+69+71+74) / 9 ≈ 68
3x²+12x-15=0 factrozation method quadratic equations
Answer:
x = -5 or x = 1
Step-by-step explanation:
[tex] 3{x}^{2} + 12x - 15 = 0 \\ {x}^{2} + 4x - 5 = 0 \\ (x + 5)(x - 1) = 0 \\ x = - 5 \: or \: x = 1[/tex]
hope this makes sense:)
What is 5/6 divided by 4
Answer:
[tex]\frac{5}{24}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
If we have the division statement [tex]\frac{5}{6} \div \frac{4}{1}[/tex], we can multiply by the reciprocal and find the quotient.
[tex]\frac{5}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{4} = \frac{5}{24}[/tex].
Hope this helped!
Answer:
5/24
Step-by-step explanation:
Because the 5 is being divided by both the 6 and the 4, you just multiply these two and get 24. So it is 5 over 24.
A radio telescope has a parabolic surface, as shown below. A parabola opening up with vertex at the origin is graphed on the coordinate plane. The height of the parabola from top to bottom is 9 meters and its width from left to right is 12 meters. If the telescope is 9 m deep and 12 m wide, how far is the focus from the vertex?
The telescope shape and the characteristic equations of the telescope parameters are the same as parabolic equations
The distance between the focus and the vertex, of the parabola is 3.375 meters
The process for obtain the above values is as follows:
The known parameters of the parabola are;
The location of the vertex of the parabola= The origin = (0, 0)
The height of the parabola = 9 meters
The width of the parabola = 12 meters
The unknown parameter;
The distance between the focus and the vertex
Method:
Finding the coordinate of the focus from the general equations of the the parameters of a parabola
The equation of the parabola in standard form is y = a·(x - h)² + k
From which we have;
(x - h)² = 4·p·(y - k)
The coordinates of the focus, f = (h, k + p)
Where;
(h, k) = The coordinates of the vertex of the parabola = (0, 0)
∴ a = 1/(4·p)
From the question, we have the following two points on the parabola,
given that the parabola is 12 meters wide at 9 meters above the origin and
it is symmetric about the y-axis;
Points on the parabola = (9, 6), and (9, -6)
Plugging in the values of the vertex, (h, k) and the two known points, in the equation, y = a·(x - h)² + k, we get;
6 = a·(9 - 0)² + 0 = 81·a
a = 6/81 = 2/27
p = 1/(4·a)
∴ p = 1/(4 × 2/27) = 27/8
The coordinate of the focus, f = (h, k + p)
∴ f = (0, 0 + 27/8) = (0, 27/8)
The coordinate of the focus f = (0, 27/8)
Given the vertex and the focus of the parabola have the same x-values of 0, we have;
The distance between the focus and the vertex, d = the difference in their y-values;
∴ d = 27/8 - 0 = 27/8 = 3.375
The distance between the focus and the vertex, d = 3.375 meters
Learn more about parabola here;
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What is the answer to 123*456/789?
answer is 71.08745247
in mix form or in short form it is =
71/23/263
if a lake has high alkalinity, what is closest to the probability that the lake also has a shallow depth?
Answer:
0.22
Step-by-step explanation:
Probability distribution is the function which describes the likelihood of possible values assuming a random variable. The alkalinity of lake is determined by dividing the high shallow depthness by the total of lake alkalinity. The shallow depth is 209 and the total alkalinity of the lake is 966. By dividing the depthness with alkalinity we get 0.22.
209/966 = 0.219
approximately 0.22
write all the prime numbers between 10 and 30.
What is the distance between the points
(-2,5) and (3,7).
Help
(Will make you the brainliest if answer “correctly”)
Distance:-
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto \sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto \sqrt{(3+2)^2+(7-5)^2}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto \sqrt{5^2+2^2}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto \sqrt{25+4}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto \sqrt{29}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto 5.2[/tex]
[tex]\begin{gathered} {\underline{\boxed{ \rm {\red{Distance \: = \: \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1) \: + \: (y_2 - y_1)} }}}}}\end{gathered}[/tex]
[tex] \begin{cases}\large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \sqrt{ \bigg(3 - [ - 2] \bigg) \: + \: (7 - 5)}\\ \\ \large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \sqrt{ (3 + 2 ) \: + \: (7 - 5)} \\ \\ \large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \sqrt{ {5} \: ^{2} + \: {2}^{2} } \\ \\ \large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \: \sqrt{25 \: + \: 4} \\ \\ \large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \: \ \sqrt{29} \\ \\\large\bf{\blue{ \implies}} \tt \: Distance \: = \: \:5.38 \: \: units \end{cases}[/tex]
Find y using the Angle Sum Theorem
Step-by-step explanation:
Hey, there!!
Look this figure, simply we find that;
In triangle ABC,
angle CBD is an exterior angle of a triangle.
and its measure is 90°
Then,
angle CBD= y +48° {sum of interior opposite angle is equal to exterior angle or from theorem}.
or, 90°= y + 48°
Shifting, 48° in left side,
90°-48°= y
Therefore, the value of y is 42°.
Hope it helps...
Instructions: Given the figure, what is the angle of rotational
symmetry?
Answer:
90 degrees
Step-by-step explanation:
the right angles in the top right and bottom left mean its a square
If all angles are 90 degrees, and the crystal has a square base with a height that is larger than one of the square sides, what type of unit cell is it
Answer:
Tetragonal unit cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
A unit cell is the smallest part of a material which is formed by a well arranged lattice points. Some common types are; face centered, body center, tetragonal, cubic etc
Tetragonal unit cell has a square top and base, with rectangular sides. The internal angles are [tex]90^{0}[/tex] each, and consists of molecules, atoms, or ions (lattice points) arranged at each corners of the unit cell.
The crystal as described in the given question is a tetragonal unit cell.
The number of chocolate chips in a bag of chocolate chip cookies is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 1262 chips and a standard deviation of 118 chips.
Required:
a. Determine the 26th percentile for the number of chocolate chips in a bag.
b. Determine the number of chocolate chps in a bag that make up the middle 96% of bags.
Answer:
(a) The 26th percentile for the number of chocolate chips in a bag is 1185
(b) The number of chocolate chips in a bag that makes up the middle 96% of the bags is between 1020 and 1504
Step-by-step explanation:
From the question, we have the following values:
μ =1262 and σ =118
(a) Let the value of x represents the 26th percentile. So the 26th percentile means 26% data is less than x. We can use the standard normal table to get the particular z-value that corresponds to this percentile.
P( Z<-0.65 )=0.2578 which is approximately 0.26
So for 26th percentile z-score will be -0.65.
Mathematically;
z-score = (x-mean)/SD
-0.65 = (x-1262)/118
-76.7 = x -1262
x = 1262-76.7 = 1185.3
This value is approximately 1,185
(b) Using a graph of standard normal distribution curve, if middle is 96% , then at both tails 2% each.
From z-table, we can find the closest probability;
P(-2.05<z<2.05) = 0.96
So we have two x values to get from the individual z-scores
-2.05 = (x-1262)/118
x = 1020(approximately)
For 2.05, we have
2.05 = (x-1262)/118
x = 1262 + 2.05(118) = 1504 (approximately)
Plz answer last question and im lost!
Answer:
[tex]\pi[/tex] radian
Step-by-step explanation:
We know that angle for a full circle is 2[tex]\pi[/tex]
In the given figure shape is semicircle
hence,
angle for semicircle will be half of angle of full circle
thus, angle for given figure = half of angle for a full circle = 1/2 * 2[tex]\pi[/tex] = [tex]\pi[/tex]
Thus, answer is [tex]\pi[/tex] radian
alternatively, we also know that angle for a straight line is 180 degrees
and 180 degrees is same as [tex]\pi[/tex] radian.
I don’t understand this
Answer:
cccccccccccccccçccccccccc
Answer:
if the dot is filled (black) it is ≤ or ≥
if it is not filled it is < or >
you graph goes from 6 to 10
the unfilled one is 6 the filled one is 10
thus 6 < x ≤ 10
which says x is greater than 6 and also less than or equal to 10
Step-by-step explanation:
Adrian hopes that his new training methods have improved his batting average. Before starting his new regimen, he was batting 0.250 in a random sample of 56 at bats. For a random sample of 25 at bats since changing his training techniques, his batting average is 0.440. Determine if there is sufficient evidence to say that his batting average has improved at the 0.02 level of significance. Let the results before starting the new regimen be Population 1 and let the results after the training be Population 2. Step 2 of 3 : Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places.
According to the manufacturer's claim, we build an hypothesis test, find the test statistic and the p-value relative to this test statistic, we have that:
The value of the test statistic is z = 1.65.The p-value of the test is of 0.0495 > 0.02, which means that there is not sufficient evidence to say that his batting average has improved at the 0.02 level of significance.As the test involves a comparison of samples, it involves subtraction of normal variables, and for this, we need to understand the central limit theorem and subtraction of normal variables.
Central Limit Theorem
The Central Limit Theorem establishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex].
For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.
For a proportion p in a sample of size n, the sampling distribution of the sample proportion will be approximately normal with mean [tex]\mu = p[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}}[/tex]
Subtraction between normal variables:
When two normal variables are subtracted, the mean is the difference of the means, while the standard deviation is the square root of the sum of the variances.
Before:
Average of 0.250 in 56 at bats, so:
[tex]p_B = 0.25[/tex]
[tex]s_B = \sqrt{\frac{0.25*0.75}{56}} = 0.0579[/tex]
After:
Average of 0.44 in 25 at bats, so:
[tex]p_A = 0.44[/tex]
[tex]s_A = \sqrt{\frac{0.44*0.56}{25}} = 0.0993[/tex]
Test if there was improvement:
At the null hypothesis, we test if there was no improvement, that is, the subtraction of the proportions is 0:
[tex]H_0: p_A - p_B = 0[/tex]
At the alternative hypothesis, we test if there was improvement, that is, the subtraction of the proportions is positive, so:
[tex]H_1: p_A - p_B > 0[/tex]
The test statistic is:
[tex]z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
In which X is the sample mean, [tex]\mu[/tex] is the value tested at the null hypothesis, and s is the standard error.
0 is tested at the null hypothesis:
This means that [tex]\mu = 0[/tex]
From the samples:
[tex]X = p_B - p_A = 0.44 - 0.25 = 0.19[/tex]
[tex]s = \sqrt{s_A^2 + s_B^2} = \sqrt{0.0579^2 + 0.0993^2} = 0.1149[/tex]
Value of the test statistic:
[tex]z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
[tex]z = \frac{0.19 - 0}{0.1149}[/tex]
[tex]z = 1.65[/tex]
P-value of the test and decision:
The p-value of the test is the probability of finding a difference of at least 0.19, which is 1 subtracted by the p-value of z = 1.65.
Looking at the z-table, z = 1.65 has a p-value of 0.9505.
1 - 0.9505 = 0.0495.
The p-value of the test is of 0.0495 > 0.02, which means that there is not sufficient evidence to say that his batting average has improved at the 0.02 level of significance.
A similar question is found at https://brainly.com/question/23827843
Find the sum of a 9-term geometric sequence when the first term is 4 and the last term is 1,024 and select the correct answer below.
Answer:
2,044
Step-by-step explanation:
S9=G1 (1r^n)/1-r
G9=G1r^8, r=2
S9=(4)(-511)/-1=2,044
Answer: 2,044
Step-by-step explanation:
I just took the quiz!
what does 7g equal in like a verbal form
Answer:
see below
Step-by-step explanation:
7g can be "split" as 7 * g. The "*" means multiplication so a verbal form of this expression could be "7 times a number g" or "The product of 7 and a number g".
. line containing ( −3, 4 ) ( −2, 0)
Answer:
The equation is y= -4x -8
Step-by-step explanation:
The -4 is the slope and the -8 is the y intercept
Answer:
Slope: -4
Line type: Straight and diagonal from left to right going down.
Rate of change: a decrease by 4 for every x vaule
y-intercept is: (0,-8)
x-intercept is: (-2,0)
Step-by-step explanation:
Slope calculations:
y2 - y1 over x2 - x1
0 - 4
-2 - ( -3) or -2 + 3
=
-4/1 =
-4
More slope info on my answer here: https://brainly.com/question/17148844
Hope this helps, and have a good day.
Evaluate C 3y − esin(x) dx + 7x + y4 + 1 dy, where C is the circle x2 + y2 = 16. SOLUTION The region D bounded by C is the disk x2 + y2 ≤ 16, so let's change to polar coordinates after applying Green's Theorem: C 3y − esin(x) dx + 7x + y4 + 1 dy
By Green's theorem,
[tex]\displaystyle\int_{x^2+y^2=16}(3y-e^{\sin x})\,\mathrm dx+(7x+y^4+1)\,\mathrm dy[/tex]
[tex]=\displaystyle\iint_{x^2+y^2\le16}\frac{\partial(7x+y^4+1)}{\partial x}-\frac{\partial(3y-e^{\sin x})}{\partial y}\,\mathrm dx\,\mathrm dy[/tex]
[tex]=\displaystyle4\iint_{x^2+y^2\le16}\mathrm dx\,\mathrm dy[/tex]
The remaining integral is just the area of the circle; its radius is 4, so it has an area of 16π, and the value of the integral is 64π.
We'll verify this by actually computing the integral. Convert to polar coordinates, setting
[tex]\begin{cases}x=r\cos\theta\\y=r\sin\theta\end{cases}\implies\mathrm dx\,\mathrm dy=r\,\mathrm dr\,\mathrm d\theta[/tex]
The interior of the circle is the set
[tex]\{(r,\theta)\mid0\le r\le4\land0\le\theta\le2\pi\}[/tex]
So we have
[tex]\displaystyle4\iint_{x^2+y^2\le16}\mathrm dx\,\mathrm dy=4\int_0^{2\pi}\int_0^4r\,\mathrm dr\,\mathrm d\theta=8\pi\int_0^4r\,\mathrm dr=64\pi[/tex]
as expected.
A new screening test for West Nile Virus is developed for use in the general population. The sensitivity and specificity of the new test are 60% and 70%, respectively. 300 subjects are screened at a clinic during the first year the new test is implemented. (Assume the true prevalence of West Nile Virus among clinic attendees is 10%.), The predictive value of a positive test is:
The predictive value of a positive test is is 0.43.
------------------
This question is solved using the concepts of sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity: It is the true negative rate, that is, the proportion of people without the disease that test negative.Specificity: It is the true positive rate, that is, the proportion of people with the disease that test positive.------------------
Sensitivity of 60% means that of the 100 - 10 = 90% of people without the disease, 60% test negative and 100 - 60 = 40% test positive.Specificity of 70% means that of the 10% with the disease, 70% test positive.------------------
The predictive value of a positive test is:
Probability of a positive test, which is 40% of 90% plus 70% of 10%, so:
[tex]p = 0.4\times0.9 + 0.7\times0.1 = 0.43[/tex]
The predictive value of a positive test is is 0.43.
A similar question is given at https://brainly.com/question/22373775
PLS HELP ASAP:Find all the missing elements:
Answer:
B = 34.2°
C = 105.8°
c = 12.0 units
Step-by-step Explanation:
Given:
A = 40°
a = 8
b = 7
Required:
Find B, C, and c.
SOLUTION:
Using the Law of Sines, find <B:
[tex] \frac{sin(A)}{a} = \frac{sin(B)}{b} [/tex]
[tex] \frac{sin(40)}{8} = \frac{sin(B)}{7} [/tex]
Multiply both sides by 7
[tex] \frac{sin(40)}{8}*7 = \frac{sin(B)}{7}*7 [/tex]
[tex] \frac{sin(40)*7}{8} = sin(B) [/tex]
[tex] 0.5624 = sin(B) [/tex]
[tex] B = sin^{-1}(0.5624) [/tex]
[tex] B = 34.2 [/tex] (to nearest tenth).
Find <C:
C = 180 - (34.2+40°) (sum of angles in a triangle)
C = 180 - 74.2 = 105.8°
Using the Law of Sines, find c.
[tex] \frac{c}{sin(C)} = \frac{b}{sin(B)} [/tex]
[tex]\frac{c}{sin(105.8)} = \frac{7}{sin(34.2)}[/tex]
Multiply both sides by sin(105.8)
[tex]\frac{c}{sin(105.8)}*sin(105.8) = \frac{7}{sin(34.2)}*sin(105.8)[/tex]
[tex] c = \frac{7*sin(105.8)}{sin(34.2)} [/tex]
[tex] c = 12.0 [/tex]
2. Write the equation of the circle in general form. Show your work.
Answer:
[tex] {(x + 1)}^{2} + {(y - 1)}^{2} = 9[/tex]
[tex] {x} ^{2} + {y} ^{2} + 2x - 2y - 7 = 0 [/tex]
IF YOU GET THE RIGHT ANSWER, I'LL HELP YOU GET POINTS
Graduation is 4 years away and you want to have $500 available for a trip. If your bank is offering a 4-year CD (certificate of deposit) paying 2.3% simple interest, how much do you need to put in this CD to have the money for your trip?
Graduation is 4 years away and you want to have $500 available for a trip. If your bank is offering a 4-year CD (certificate of deposit) paying 2.3% simple interest, how much do you need to put in this CD to have the money for your trip?
Solution:-P: Principal, the amount you need to put in the CD
r: interest rate
t: time
A: total amount
________________________________
P(1+rt) = A
P(1+0.023×4) = 500
P(0.092) = 500
P = 500/0.092 = 5434.78
[Hence, you need $5434.78 to put in this CD to have the money for your trip ]
The length of the sides of the triangle are in the ratio 3:4:5 and it’s perimeter is 144 cm find its area and height corresponding to the longest side
In a recent survey of 100 students, 34 said that they took a Math class as a freshman, 59 said that they took an English class as a freshman and 12 said they took both classes.
Required:
How many students took neither class as a freshman?
Answer:
19 studentsStep-by-step explanation:
We will use the set notation to solve this question.
let n(U) be the total number of students surveyed = 100
n(M) be the number of student that took math = 34
n(E) be the number of student that took English = 59
n(M∩E) be the number of student that took both classes= 12
n(M∪E)' be the number of student that took neither class = ?
Using the formula n(U) = n(M∪E) + n(M∪E)'
n(M∪E)' = n(U)-n(M∪E)
Before we can get the number of student that took neither class i.e n(M∪E)' we need to get n(M∪E).
n(M∪E) = n(M)+n(E)- n(M∩E)
n(M∪E) = 34+59-12
n(M∪E) = 81
Since n(M∪E)' = n(U)-n(M∪E);
n(M∪E)' = 100-81
n(M∪E)' = 19
Hence 19 students took neither class as a freshmen.