A small car collides head-on with a large SUV, both vehicles undergo the same change in magnitude of momentum.
The collision also called effect, in physics, is the unexpected, forceful coming together in direct contact of bodies, which includes, for an instance, billiard balls, a golf membership and a ball, a hammer and a nail head, railroad automobiles while being coupled together, or a falling item and a floor.
Physicists use collisions to determine the houses of atomic and subatomic debris. Essentially, a particle accelerator is a device that provides a managed collision system among subatomic debris so that, amongst other things, some of the houses of the target particle can be studied. The maximum common motive of an automobile collision is distracted use.
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the energy released by the sun is the result of a) natural radioactivity. d) photosynthesis. b) nuclear fusion. e) nuclear fission. c) combustion of hydrogen.
The energy released by the sun is the result of nuclear fusion.
Is the Sun nuclear fission or fusion?Helium is being created from hydrogen in the Sun's core. Nuclear fusion is the term for this. Each helium atom is created by the fusion of four hydrogen atoms. A portion of the mass is changed into energy during the process.The Sun is made up many layers, each with its own characteristics, that are around 75% hydrogen and 25% helium by mass. In a nutshell, the Sun is a huge ball of gas that is sufficiently hot to light at every level. The Sun's core, which is the region closest to its surface, has a temperature of around 15 million Kelvins, a density 150 times that of water, and a pressure more than 200 billion times greater than Earth's atmosphere.Learn more about nuclear fusion refer to :
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where is the vast majority of mass in the solar system located? what object or objects account for most of this mass?
Since it comprises 99.85% of both the solar system's mass, the solar dominated the gravity influence of the solar system.
The 12 solar systems are what?The newest The Sun, our star, and everything gravitationally connected to it, including the planetary Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, Saturn, as well as Neptune, dwarf planets like Pluto, dozens of moons, and thousands of asteroids, comets, and meteoroids, make up our solar system.
In the solar system, are there eight or nine planets?Our stellar system is made up of stars, 146 moons, countless comets, meteorites, and other space objects as well as ice on several dwarf planets, including Pluto. In the system, there is just the Sun. The eight planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Phobos, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. the separation between Mercury and the Sun. The furthest is Neptune.
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what is the equilibrium temperature of this system? the average specific heat of aluminum over this temperature range is 653 j/(kg⋅k) .
The equilibrium temperature of this system is Zero.
Given,
[tex]m_{A}[/tex] = 150g
[tex]m_{w}[/tex] = 80
[tex]Q_{A}[/tex] = mcΔT = (0.15) (653) (0-(-196))
= 19198.2 J
Also, [tex]Q_{w}[/tex] = [tex]m_{w}[/tex] CΔT = (0.08) (4186) (14)
= 4688.32 J
So, all the water does not freezes
Therefore, [tex]t_{f}[/tex] = 0 C
What is equilibrium?
Equilibrium, in physics, the state of a system when neither the state of motion nor the state of internal energy tends to change over time. A simple mechanical body is in equilibrium when it experiences neither linear nor angular acceleration. This state will continue indefinitely unless disturbed by an external force. Equilibrium occurs for a single particle when the vector sum of all forces acting on the particle is zero. A rigid body (which by definition differs from a particle by its properties of extension) is in equilibrium when, in addition to the states listed above for particles, the vector sum of all torques acting on the body is equal to zero, Its state of rotational motion remains constant. An equilibrium is said to be stable when a small externally induced displacement from that state produces a force opposing the displacement tending to return the body or particle to the equilibrium state. Examples include weights suspended from springs or bricks placed on a flat surface. Equilibrium is unstable when small deviations produce forces that tend to increase the displacement. An example is the ball he bearing balanced on the edge of a razor.
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Suppose you have a spring with a force constant of 37.5 N/m.
1) How much is the spring stretched, in meters, by an object with a mass of 0.445 kg that is hanging from the spring at rest? \DeltaX=
2) Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy, in joules, of the 0.445-kg object when it descends this distance. \DeltaPE=
3) Calculate the energy, in joules, stored in the spring when it is stretched this amount. PEel=
4) Apparently, not all of the gravitational potential energy went into the potential energy of the spring. What happened to the rest of the potential energy?
A. The energy went into the kinetic energy of the mass on the spring.
B. The missing energy went into heat caused by friction or work from some other external force.
C. The calculation for the gravitational potential energy was incorrect - the acceleration due to gravity was not constant during this motion.
D. Not of these options are correct.
E. The calculation for the potential energy of the spring was incorrect.
1) The extension of the spring is 0.12 m
2) The distance is missing thus the gravitational potential energy can not be determined
3) The potential energy is given by 0.27 J
4) The energy that is missing is lost to friction.
What is the Hooke's law?According to the Hooke's law, the force that is exerted by an object on a spring is proportional to the extension as long as the elastic limit is not exceeded.
1) We have the following from the question and these would be used to solve the question.
F = mg =
m = mass of the object
g = acceleration due to gravity
F = 0.445 kg * 9.8 m/s^2
= 4.36 N
Thus;
F = Ke
F = force applies
K = force constant
e = extension
e = F/K
e = 4.36 N/37.5 N/m
e = 0.12 m
3) The change in the potential energy is given by;
W = 1/2Ke^2
W = 1/2 * 37.5 * ( 0.12)^2
W = 0.27 J
4) The missing energy went into heat caused by friction or work from some other external force.
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find the peak wavelength for radiation from (a) ice at 273 k, (b) a floodlamp at 3500 k, (c) outer-space at t
The peak wavelength for radiation from ice at 273 k is 1060 nm, a floodlamp at 3500 k is 828 nm, outer-space at t is [tex]10^{6}[/tex] nm.
Using displacement law, maximum wavelength is:
λ[tex]_{max}[/tex] = 2.898 × [tex]10^{3}[/tex] m.k / T
(a) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{ice}[/tex] = 1060 nm
(b) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{flood lamp}[/tex] = 828 nm
(c) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{outer space}[/tex] = [tex]10^{6}[/tex] nm
What is wavelength?
In physics, wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave, i.e. the distance over which the wave shape repeats. This is the distance between consecutive corresponding points of the same phase in the wave. A crest, trough, or zero-crossing of two adjacent waves, characteristic of both traveling and standing waves, and other spatial wave patterns. The reciprocal of wavelength is called spatial frequency. Wavelength is usually represented by the Greek letter lambda (λ). The term wavelength is also sometimes applied to the sinusoidal envelope of modulated waves and waves formed by interference of modulated waves or multiple sinusoids.
Assuming a sine wave traveling with constant wave velocity, the wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave. Higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths and lower frequency waves have longer wavelengths.
Therefore,
(a) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{ice}[/tex] = 1060 nm
(b) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{flood lamp}[/tex] = 828 nm
(c) (λ[tex]_{max}[/tex])[tex]_{outer space}[/tex] = [tex]10^{6}[/tex] nm
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A thermodynamic process occurs in which the entropy of a system changes by −8 j/k. According to the second law of thermodynamics, what can you conclude about the entropy change of the environment?.
A thermodynamic process occurs in which the entropy of a system changes by −8 j/k and according to the second law of thermodynamics, the change in entropy must be equal to +8 j/k .
Why is there a change in entropy ?According to second law of thermodynamics:
Entropy change of system = − Entropy change of environment
∴ ΔS [tex]sys[/tex] = - ΔS [tex]env[/tex]
∴ ΔS [tex]sys[/tex] = - (- 8 j/k)
∴ ΔS [tex]sys[/tex] = +8 j/k
Hence , the entropy change is equal to +8 j/k .
What is entropy change?The degree of chaos present in a material, system, or universe is known as entropy.For gases, we can say that it is their energy, as the molecules move in all directions the more energetic they are. Entropy increases with temperature since it is inversely correlated with both. The entropy of each system varies as heat is transferred across boundaries separating a system from its environment or between two systems or entities. When heat is given off or released, entropy decreases.Can learn more about change in entropy from https://brainly.in/question/525552
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A current of 27.0 mA is maintained in a single circular loop of 3.90 m circumference. A magnetic field of 0.710 T is directed parallel to the plane of the loop.a) Calculate the magnetic moment of the loop.b) What is the magnitude of the torque exerted by the magnetic field on the loop?
The magnetic moment is M = 5.40 × [tex]10^{-3} Am[/tex] and the magnitude of the Torque exerted by the magnetic field on the loop is τ = 4.32 × [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] Nm.
What does the term "magnetic moment" mean?
The measurement of an object's propensity to line up with a magnetic field is known as a magnetic moment, sometimes known as a magnetic dipole moment. The magnetic pull and direction of a magnet or other item that generates a magnetic field are known as the "Magnetic Moment" A vector quantity is the magnetic moment.
What is the magnetic moment in SI units?
Weber moment is the magnetic moment unit. Wb is used to symbolize it.
What in physics is torque?
Torque is the rotating counterpart of force in physics and mechanics. It goes by a variety of names depending on the field of research, including moment, moment of force, rotating force, and turning effect. This demonstrates how a force may alter a body's rotational motion.
Given that current through the loop is I = 17 ×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex] A,
Circumference is S = 2m
if r is the radius then S = 2πr = 2m
r = 0.318m
strength of the field is B = 0.8T
a) The magnetic moment is M = I(π[tex]r^{2}[/tex])
= 5.40×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]Am
b) Torque parallel to the coil is τ = MB
= 4.32×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex] Nm
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if the rotational speed of a cd changes from 475 rpm to 200 rpm as it plays 30 minutes of music, what is the cd's average rotational acceleration?
The duration of a CD is 59.8 minutes. The CD is rotating angularly at 460 revolutions per minute when the music begins (rpm).
The temporal rate at which angular velocity changes is known as angular acceleration. The standard unit of measurement is radians per second per second. Therefore, = d d t. Rotational acceleration is another name for angular acceleration. After the music has finished, the CD is spinning at 202 rpm. The beginning angular velocity was 460rpm/60*2*Pi, which equals 48.17rad/s. The end angular velocity was 202rpm/60*2*Pi, which equals 21.15rad/s. The time in s was 59.8min*60, which equals 3588s. The angular acceleration was (21.15 - 48.17)/3588.
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1. does the field [that is caused by a straight wire] have an axial component? does it have a radial component?
A straight wire's field only has an axile component, B parallel =l Δl Perpendicular length makes up the field's radial component.
The radial proportion of force is what?The tangential component of such net force may be specified as the proportion of the resultant force along the perpendicular at any point during circular motion, while the radial component may be specified as the part of the equilibrium position along the radius.
What does a vector's radial component mean?Any scalar v can be expressed in the form of its parts in the e r and e directions. Consequently, Thus v=v 1 e r+v 2 e θ, where v 1=v · e r and v 2=v · e θ.The radial component is represented by component v1, while the transverse component is represented by component v2.
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A ball having mass M is struck by a bat having mass 9M. Compared to the magnitude of the force exerted by the bat on the ball, the magnitude of the force exerted by the ball on the bat is
The same
the amount of force the ball applies to the bat is very same.
What does force's magnitude mean?The numerical measure of a force's power is called its magnitude.For instance, let's say the force is 10 N in the direction of the east."towards east" denotes direction, while "10" denotes the force's magnitude. Magnitude is, in essence, the "value" or "amount" of any physical quantity.
How do I calculate magnitude?Given a location vector v=a,b, the magnitude is calculated using the
equivalent to the angle made with either the x- or y-axis.
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If the sun mysteriously gets twice as massive as it is right now, what effect will it have on its pull on mars?.
Answer:
First of all mars will orbit a little faster many asteroids can hit mars due to its twice mass mars will get hotter then it is now
determine the radial component of the linear acceleration of a point on the edge of the wheel 2.0 s after it has started accelerating.
Assuming a constant angular acceleration, the linear acceleration of a point on the edge of the wheel 2.0 s after the wheel has started accelerating is equal to the angular acceleration multiplied by the radius of the wheel.
What is acceleration?
Acceleration was the last mathematical concept covered in Lesson 1. Acceleration is a frequently misunderstood concept that means something very different from what sports announcers or other people usually mean when they use it. Acceleration is described as follows: The rate that an object keeps changing its velocity is known as acceleration, a vector quantity. If an object's velocity is changing, it is accelerating. Sometimes when a person is moving quickly, sports announcers will say that the person is accelerating. But speed has nothing to with acceleration. Even when moving very quickly, a person may not be accelerating. Changing the speed at which an object is moving is what acceleration is all about.
Assuming a constant angular acceleration, the linear acceleration of a point on the edge of the wheel 2.0 s after the wheel has started accelerating is equal to the angular acceleration multiplied by the radius of the wheel.
Linear acceleration = Angular acceleration x Radius
Linear acceleration = (2π rad/s^2) x (1 meter)
Linear acceleration = 2π m/s^2
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serenity challenges carlos to come up with a way to use the double-slit experiment to determine the wavelength of monochromatic light. which response is correct?
The double slit experiment can be explained using the condition of the interference with which we can find the wavelength of the monochromatic light.
When waves gather, they can interfere constructively or destructively. To build a stable and well-defined interference pattern, two conditions must be met:
The wave source must be coherent. That is, they emit identical waves with a constant phase difference.
Waves should be monochromatic - they should have a single wavelength. Suppose we have two sources emitting the same wave in phase. Whether constructive or destructive interference occurs at points close to the source depends on the path length difference δ. This is the distance from the point to one source minus the distance from the point to the other source.
Conditions for constructive interference:
δ = mλ,
where m is any integer
λ is the wavelength of the light
Conditions for destructive interference:
δ = (m + 1/2) λ
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what is the lift (in newtons) due to bernoulli's principle on a wing of area 89 m2 if the air passes over the top and bottom surfaces at speeds of 260 m/s and 180 m/s , respectively?
Bernoulli's principle predicts that a wing with an area of 89 m² will experience a lift of 2020656 N when air moves over its top and bottom surface with velocities aircraft 260 m/s and 180 m/s, respectively.
Why is the Bernoulli principle crucial?Engineers can use Bernoulli's Principle to safely engineer the fluid flow within and around airplanes, engines, and healthcare delivery devices by making sense of a fluid dynamics phenomenon. Bernoulli's principle, a fundamental idea in fluid dynamics, connects a fluid's pressure to its speed.
Briefing:According to the Bernoulli's principle, the determined based expresses force:
[tex]P_{1} + \frac{1}{2}p(v_{1})^{2} = P_{2} + \frac{1}{2}p(v_{2})^{2}[/tex]
[tex]P_{1} - P_{2}[/tex] = (0.5) (1.29) (260)² - (0.5) (1.29) (180)²
P₁ - P₂ = 22704
F = PA = (22704) (89)
F = 2020656 N
A wingspan with either an area measuring 89 m² has a load of 2020656 N as a result.
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expressed in scientific notation, what is the supernova's distance in light-years? ly (f) now imagine that an interstellar dust cloud lies between us and sn 1994d. suppose that the peak apparent visual magnitude would have been 11.3 if the cloud were not absorbing some of its light. based on that unbiased value, what would the supernova's distance really be, in light-years? ly
The supernova is actually about 330 lightyears away.
Light 12 months, written instead of mild 12 months, is a gigantic unit of time used for certain astronomical distances, equivalent to about 9.46 trillion kilometers or 5.88 trillion miles.
A light year is a distance, not a time. This is the total distance a ray of light travels in a straight line in one year. Proxima Centauri is 4.2 light years away from Earth, a distance that would take about 6,300 years in the current generation. This kind of journey can span generations.
This duration is a big problem as it makes area exploration a very slow technique. I boarded the Gap Trip Discovery, which can travel at 5 miles per second, but it would take him about 37.2 centuries, or 12 months, to ride in a breezy year.
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a car traveling at 15 m/s slams on its brakes and the wheels lock. the car comes to rest after skidding 20 m. determine how far the car would skid if the car had been traveling, instead, at 45 m/s.
The car will skid to a distance of 180 m.
How do you calculate skid distance?S = ~30d(I.O) (dry tar road) (dry tar road). The formula is S = 30d(0.5) for a wet tar road, where f is around 0.5. (wet tar road). speed in relation to how long the skid marks are.The route taken by a body to travel from a starting point to an ending point in a predetermined amount of time and at a predetermined speed is known as the distance travelled. Distance is equal to time times velocity if the velocity is constant. d = v*t.In other words, an automobile moving at 10 miles per hour may need to stop in 4 feet, while a car travelling at 20 miles per hour would need to stop in 16 feet, which is four times as far. The stopping distance is quadrupled for every speed increase.Find the attachment answer
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how do sun and moon cause the ocean currents
The sun and moon cause ocean currents in several ways. First, the sun's heat causes the ocean water to expand and become less dense, which creates a rise in sea level. This rise in sea level creates a current that flows away from the equator and towards the poles.
Second, the moon's gravitational pull causes the oceans to bulge, creating tidal currents. These tidal currents can be very strong, and they cause the water to flow in circular patterns around the coasts.
Third, the moon's gravitational pull also causes the earth to rotate on its axis. This rotation creates a current called the Coriolis effect, which causes the ocean water to move in a circular pattern around the earth. This current helps to distribute heat and nutrients throughout the oceans.
Overall, the sun and moon cause ocean currents through their effects on sea level, tidal forces, and the earth's rotation.
Answer:
The sun warms up parts of the oceans. Warm waters rise just like warm air rises. So, as the warmer ocean waters begin to rise in a particular area, the cooler ocean waters from a different area will move in to replace the warmer ocean waters, and this creates our ocean currents.
how does it compare to the best vacuum that can be achieved on earth (10 −15atm−15atm )? how does it compare to the best vacuum that can be achieved on earth (10)? this is much less than the minimum value for the best vacuum. this is much greater than the minimum value for the best vacuum. this is approximately equal to the minimum value for the best vacuum.
This is much less than the minimum value for the best vacuum as the value of pressure for the given hydrogen atom is 2.76*10-16 pascal.
What is pressure?
Pressure is defined as the amount of force applied per unit area.If the surface is high the amount of pressure applied is low and vice versa. Thus pressure seems to inversely dependent on the amount of area on which the force is applied
As per the given information
Temperature = 20 K
Volume = 10-6 m3
PV = nRT
V = 10-6 m3
n = 1/NA ; NA = avegadro number = 6.022*1023
n = 1.66*10-24
R = 8.314 J/K/mole
T = 20K
P = 1.66*10-24*8.314*20 / 10-6
P = 2.76*10-16 pascal
Thus the value of pressure for the given hydrogen atom is 2.76*10-16 pascal which is much less than the minimum value for the best vacuum.
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give me an everyday example of changes in momentum and the impulse required to do it.
Momentum is about every activity that involves motion. It is an essential concept of physics and is also used in everyday life
Simply is a quantity of motion. Here quantity is measurable because if an object is moving and has mass, then it has momentum. If an object does not move then it has no momentum. However, in everyday life, it has important but many people didn’t recognize it. Momentum is just about every activity that involves motion. It is an essential concept of physics. In sports, the momentum term is commonly used. Like, if a team has momentum then it is on the move and is going to take some effort to stop. But if a team has a lot of momentum then it is really on the move and is going to be hard to stop.
we can understand it with the help of an example, Cricket ball is much heavier than a tennis ball. Suppose we throw a cricket ball and a tennis ball, both with the same speed or velocity. It will be found that more force is required to stop the cricket ball which has more mass and less force is required to stop the tennis ball which has less mass. Therefore, we can say that the force required to stop a moving body is directly proportional to its mass.
Impulse and momentum are related by the Impulse-Momentum Theorem which states that IMPULSE IS THE CHANGE IN MOMENTUM OF AN OBJECT. When we throw two cricket balls of the same mass but with different speeds or velocities then it will be found that more force is required to stop that cricket ball that is moving at a higher speed or velocity than another with a lower speed or velocity. So, we can say that the force required to stop a moving body is also directly proportional to its velocity. Thus, the quantity of motion in a body depends on the mass and velocity of the body. Momentum is a vector quantity and takes place in the direction of velocity. SI unit of momentum is kilogram meters per second or kgs-1.
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Objects A and B interact with each other via both conservative and nonconservative forces. Let KA and KB be the kinetic energies, U be the potential energy, and Eint be the thermal energy. If no external agent does work on the objects then:
A. KA + U is conserved
B. KA + U + Eint is conserved
C. KA + KB + Eint is conserved
D. KA+KB+Uisconserved
E. KA +KB +U +Eint is conserved
Since both conservative and non-conservative forces are involved, so the sum of all of them will be conserved. The kinetic energy, potential energy and thermal energy all together is conserved in the system.
What is non-conservative force?
All forces that rely on the direction taken because microscopic effects depend on macroscopic phenomena are categorized as non-conservative forces. A non-conservative force, in other words, changes macroscopic motion into microscopic motion.
What is Thermal energy?
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy, whereas thermal energy is the entire internal energy of a system's temperature.
Hence, the kinetic energy, potential energy and thermal energy all together is conserved in the system.
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What happens during the carbon fixation stage of the calvin cycle (light-indepedent reactions)?.
One of the Calvin cycle's three phases is carbon fixation. The inorganic carbon atom is incorporated into the organic molecule during this process.
Describe carbon fixation.Carbon fixation is the process by which living things absorb inorganic carbon from the atmosphere and transform it into organic molecules. Chemical energy is stored in these molecules. The sustainability of life depends on this process.
The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis has a step called carbon fixation. At this point, the enzyme rubisco was used to link RuBP to the inorganic carbon atom, which had been fixed into the organic molecule.
Three carbons are fixed in this process for each turn of the light independent cycle. In this process, 3 carbons fix for each turn during the light independent cycle. Every three-carbon fixation leads to 6 3-PGA in end.
Thus, the carbon fixation is the process of the incorporation of the carbon atom to organic molecules.
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1) why is star formation more likely to occur in cold molecular clouds than in regions where the temperature of the interstellar medium is several hundred thousand degrees?
Colder clouds are less resistant to gravity and therefore can collapse more easily because pressure is greater in heat & lower in cold stuff.
What is temperature explain?Temperature is a unit used to represent hotness or coolness on any of a number of scales, include Fahrenheit and Celsius. Temperature shows the direction of spontaneous heat transfer, which is from a region of high temperature to a cooler body.
What temperature is too hot for humans?People frequently cite a 2010 study that concluded the highest limit of safety would be a humid temperature of 35 C, or 95 F at 100% humidity or 115 F at 50% humidity.
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knee flexion during stair descent exceeds knee flexion during walking, is this statement true or false
Knee flexion when walking is greater than knee flexion when going down stairs. is a factual assertion.
A flexion movement is what?A bending action known as a flexion reduces the ratio in between segment and its proximate segment. In contrast to flexion, extension refers to a straightening motion that widens the angle between two bodily parts.
What kind of motion would be considered flexion?When the distance between both the bones narrows, the body flexes or bends. Flexion includes actions like raising the forearm just at elbow or bringing the hand closer to the forearm. The angle between both the vertebrae of a joint widens in extension, which is the inverse of flexion.
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find the current in a 5 ω resistor connected to a battery with an internal resistance of 3 ω if the emf of the battery is 9 v.
The current in a 5 ω resistor connected to a battery with an internal resistance of 3 ω if the emf of the battery is 9 v is 1.13 A
Resistance is a degree of competition to current drift in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by way of the Greek letter omega (Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the connection between voltage, modern, and resistance.
Given,
The resistance of the resistor, R=5 ω
The internal resistance of the battery, r=3ω
The emf of the battery, E=9 V
The current through the battery is given by Ohm's law. According to this,
I = E/R=r
Where I is the current through the resistor R.
On substituting the know values,
I = 9/5+3
I = 1.13 A
Resistance is precise with R and its unit is the ohm (Ω). A resistor is a tool designed to supply resistance. Resistors can be used to restrict present-day, divide voltage, or generate warmth.
Resistance serves as a hallmark that quantifies how with no trouble modern will glide in a circuit with the use of ohms (Ω) as the unit.
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juana accidentally touched a hot iron. she immediately drew back her hand. which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand?
It happened because of her nervous system, which was initiated in the spinal cord.
What is a Nervous system?
The body's primary communication, controlling, and governing system. The nervous system is in charge of controlling and upholding homeostasis, together with the endocrine system. This system helps us to maintain in touch with our environment, both internal and external, through its receptors. The brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia are the main organs that make up the nervous system.
What is the Spinal cord?
The spinal cord, which connects the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar portion of the vertebral column, is a long, thin, tubular tube consisting of nerve tissue. The cerebrospinal fluid-filled core canal of the spinal cord is enclosed by the backbone. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. In humans, the spinal cord starts at the base of the skull and travels via the foramen magnum before entering the spinal canal at the first cervical vertebra. Between the first and second lumbar vertebrae, the spinal cord comes to a stop.
Hence, it was initiated in the spinal cord.
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consider a sphere with a diameter of 20 mm and a surface temperature of 60°c that is immersed in a fluid at a temperature of 30°c and a velocity of 2.5 m/s. calculate the drag force and the heat rate when the fluid is (a) water and (b) air at atmospheric pressure. explain why the results for the two fluids are so different.
The results for the two fluids are so different because of the differences in their thermal and physical properties. Water has a much higher thermal conductivity than air, so it can transfer heat more quickly from the sphere to the fluid. Water also has a much higher density than air, so it can exert a greater drag force on the sphere.
What is atmospheric pressure?
The pressure within Earth's atmosphere is referred to as atmospheric pressure or barometric pressure (just after barometer). The definition of the standard atmosphere, or atm, is 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa), which is equal to 1013.25 millibars, 760 mm Hg, 29,9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi. The Earth's average sea atmospheric pressure is roughly equivalent with one atm, or one atmosphere, and is measured in the atm unit. In most cases, the hydrostatic pressure brought on by the weight of the air just above measurement point is a close approximation of atmospheric pressure. Because there is less atmospheric mass at lower elevations, atmospheric pressure decreases as elevation rises.
(a) Drag Force:
The drag force on a sphere in water can be calculated using the drag equation:
F _ d = 0.5 * C _ d * ρ_f * V ^ 2 *A
Where C _ d is the drag coefficient for a sphere, ρ _ f is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity, and A is the projected area of the sphere.
For water, C _ d = 0.47, ρ _ f = 1000 kg/m3, V = 2.5 m/s and A = 314.16 mm2.
Therefore, the drag force on the sphere is:
F _ d = 0.5 * 0.47 * 1000 * 2.5 ^ 2 * 314.16 = 371.2 N
Heat Rate:
The rate of heat transfer from the sphere to the fluid can be calculated using the following equation:
Q _ dot = h * A * ( T _ s - T _ f )
Where h is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area of the sphere, T _ s is the temperature of the sphere, and T _ f is the temperature of the fluid.
For water, h = 4500 W/m2K.
Therefore, the rate of heat transfer is:
Q _ dot = 4500 * 314.16 * (60 - 30) = 4.4 x 10 ^ 6 W
(b) Drag Force:
The drag force on a sphere in air can be calculated using the same equation as for water:
F _ d = 0.5 * C _ d * ρ _ f * V ^ 2 * A
Where C _ d is the drag coefficient for a sphere, ρ _ f is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity, and A is the projected area of the sphere.
For air, C _ d = 0.47, ρ _ f = 1.2 kg/m3, V = 2.5 m/s, and A = 314.16 mm2.
Therefore, the drag force on the sphere is:
F _ d = 0.5 * 0.47 * 1.2 * 2.5 ^ 2 * 314.16 = 31.2 N
Heat Rate:
The rate of heat transfer from the sphere to the fluid can be calculated using the same equation as for water:
Q _ dot = h * A *(T _ s - T _ f)
Where h is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area of the sphere, T _ s is the temperature of the sphere, and T _ f is the temperature of the fluid.
For air, h = 30 W/m2K.
Therefore, the rate of heat transfer is:
Q _ dot = 30*314.16*(60 - 30) = 3.8 x 10^5 W
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a 10-m uniform beam weighing 100 n is supported by two vertical ropes at its ends. if a 400-n person sits at a point 2.0 m from the left end of the beam, what is the tension in each rope?
The tension in each rope is T₁ is 130 N, T₂ is 370 N.
In order for the system to be at rest, the sum of all the forces must be zero and the torque around a point on the beam must be zero.
Let the tension in the rope 1 T₁ and in rope 2 T₂:
m*a = T₁ + T₂ -100 -400 = 0
T₁ + T₂ = 500 -------(1)
Torque around the centre point of the beam is:
τ = r × F = 5* T₁ + 3*400 - 5* T₂ = 0
T₁ - T₂ = -240 ------(2)
Solving (1) and (2), we have
T₁ = 130 N and T₂ = 370 N
Thus, the tension in rope 1 is 130N and the tension in rope 2 is 370 N.
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rank in order, from fastest to slowest, the speeds of the points labeled 1 through 5. rank items from fastest to slowest. to rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
Order from fastest to slowest
[tex]1\geq 2\geq 3\geq 4\geq 5[/tex]
Sort the items in order of speed. Overlap items to rank them equally.
The wheel in the is rolling to the right without slipping.
Rank in order, from fastest to slowest, the speeds of the points labaled 1 through 5.
Rank items from fastest to slowest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
an sphere is pure rolling speed of context point 5 meet be zero w.r.t ground.
Hence, v-ωR=0
v=ωR
[tex]v_5_/_g\geq v_5_/_c+v_c_/_g...............(1)[/tex]
part.5
speed= 0 [tex]v_5=0[/tex]
part.2
[tex]v_2=\sqrt{v^2+v^2}[/tex]
[tex]= \sqrt{2} v[/tex]
=(1.414)v
part.3
[tex]v_3= \sqrt{v^2[/tex]ω[tex]^{2}[/tex][tex]R^2/4[/tex] = 1.118v
part. 1
[tex]v_1[/tex]=v+ωR
=2v
part. 4
[tex]v_4[/tex]=v
order from fastest to slowest
[tex]1\geq 2\geq 3\geq 4\geq 5[/tex]
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a boy stands in a large bucket used to lift humans to higher elevations. the combined weight of the boy and bucket is w. the bucket has a lightweight rope attached to its top and extending up and over a simple pulley that is attached to the ceiling high above the boy. the rope is long enough to come back down to his hands, as shown. as the boy pulls himself upward, he applies a force f to the rope. which of the following claims indicates a correct relationship between f and wand provides appropriate reasoning?
a. F W, because as the boy exerts a force downward on the rope, the tension in the rope pulls up on the boy. Plus, the boy must overcome the friction in the pulley.
F > W because as the boy exerts a force downward on the rope, the tension in the rope pulls up on the boy. Plus, the boy must overcome the friction in the pulley.
Solution:
m₁a + T₁ = W
Since the rope is continuous T₁ = F
m₁a + F = W
F = W - m₁a
Tension is defined as the force transmitted through a rope, cord, or wire when pulled by forces acting from opposite sides. Tension is transmitted along the length of the wire, drawing energy evenly into the bodies at both ends.
Pulling force is the force exerted on the body by a rope or cord. Ropes and cords cannot push your body. You must always draw the body. The pulling force is directed towards the rope or cord, away from the body being pulled.
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a single slit forms a diffraction pattern with monochromatic light. the fourth minimum of the pattern occurs at an angle of 35° from the central maximum. the angle at which the fifth minimum of the pattern occurs is closest to:
Given refraction by Siller, angular refraction for first order, for light with a wave length of 613 nanometers
How are diffraction and refraction different?When waves move from one medium to another, they can change direction, which is known as refraction. Wavelength and speed changes usually occur with refraction. The bending of waves around gaps and obstructions is known as diffraction. With increasing wavelength, more diffraction occurs.
What is the most accurate description of diffraction?Diffraction, a term, is the change that light goes through, especially as it passes by the edges of opaque bodies or through small apertures, giving the impression that the rays are being deflected. additionally: a corresponding change of other waves (like sound waves) or of moving particles (such as electrons).
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