Answer:
in crystalline solids
Hope this answers your question, good luck
The crystalline solids represent the best identification where the long-range order should be found.
What are crystalline solids?Crystalline solids refer to the solid where the atoms, molecules should be make the arrangement. The smallest & repeated pattern of this solid should be called as the unit cell. The unit cell should be treated as the bricks in the wall which means it should be homogenous in the nature and repeated
Therefore, The crystalline solids represent the best identification where the long-range order should be found.
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need this asap , help please
Answer:
Path A-B-D involves a catalyst and is slower than A-C-D
Explanation:
The diagram above illustrates both the catalyzed path and the uncatalyzed path of a chemical reaction.
The catalysed path is the path expressed with broken lines and the uncatalyzed path is the path expressed with thick small line as shown in the diagram above.
The catalyzed path has a higher activation energy than the uncatalyzed path.
Therefore, the catalyzed path will be slower that the uncatalyzed path because, the catalyzed path will require a higher energy to overcome the activation energy in order for the reaction to proceed to product.
On the other hand, the uncatalyzed path has a lower activation energy and a lesser amount of energy is needed to overcome it in order for the reaction to proceed to product.
What is the specific heat of a 85.01 g piece of an unknown metal that exhibits a 45.2°C temperature change upon absorbing 1870 J of heat?
Answer:
[tex]0.48~\frac{J}{g~^{\circ}C}[/tex]
Explanation:
In this question, we have to remember the relationship between Q (heat) and the specific heat (Cp) the change in temperature (ΔT), and the mass (m).
[tex]Q=m*Cp*ΔT[/tex]
The next step is to identify what values we have:
[tex]Q~=~1870~J[/tex]
[tex]m~=~85.01~g[/tex]
[tex]ΔT~=~45.2~^{\circ}C[/tex]
[tex]Cp~=~X[/tex]
Now, we can plug the values and solve for "Cp":
[tex]1870~J=~85.01~g~*Cp*45.2~^{\circ}C[/tex]
[tex]Cp=\frac{1870~J}{85.01~g~*45.2~^{\circ}C}[/tex]
[tex]Cp=0.48~\frac{J}{g~^{\circ}C}[/tex]
The unknow metal it has a specific value of [tex]0.48~\frac{J}{g~^{\circ}C}[/tex]
I hope it helps!
Why Graphite is Diamagnetic?
Answer: Through years of studying and research ;
Graphite has shown that in weak and quantizing magnetic fields it is material is a highly anisotropie diamagnetic substance whose non-oscillating part of the magnetic suscepti- bility weakly depends on magnetic field.
Explanation:
Diamagnetism is a (very) weak form of magnetism which is caused (induced) by a change in the orbital motion of electrons mostly due to an applied magnetic field.
(-)-Cholesterol has a specific rotation of -32o. A mixture of ( )- and (-)-cholesterol was analyzed by polarimetry, and the observed rotation was 14o. What is the percent composition of the ( ) isomer in this mixture
Answer:
(+)-cholesterol = 71.88%
(-)-cholesterol = 28.12%
Explanation:
Asuming 1 gram of sample is dissolved in 1mL of water and the sample cell was 1dm long.
Enantiomeric excess is defined as the amount of pure enantiomer in a sample. The formula is:
ee = [α]mixture / [α]pure enantiomer.
Replacing:
ee = 14° / 32°×100 = 43.75%
As the sample is 14°, There is an excess of (+)-cholesterol and 56.25% is a 1:1 mixture of enantiomers.
That means percent composition of enantiomers is:
(+)-cholesterol = 43.75% + 56.25%/2 = 71.88%(-)-cholesterol = 56.25%/2 = 28.12%(a) How many stereoisomers are possible for 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol? ___ (b) Name the stereoisomers formed by oxidation of (S)-4-methylcyclohexene with osmium tetroxide. If there is only one stereoisomer formed, leave the second space blank. Isomer #1: Isomer #2: (c) Is the product formed in step (b) optically active? _____
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
For the first part of the question, we have to check the chiral carbons in 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol. In this case carbons, 1 and 2 are chiral, if we have 2 chiral carbons we will have 4 isomers. We have to remember that formula 2^n in which "n" is the number of chiral carbons, so:
2^n = 2^2 = 4 isomers
And the isomers that we can have are:
1) (1R,2S)-4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol
2) (1S,2S)-4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol
3) (1S,2S)-4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol
4) (1S,2R)-4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol
See figure 1
For the second part of the question, we have to remember that the oxidation with [tex]OsO_4[/tex] is a syn addition. In other words, the "OHs" are added in the same plane. In this case, we have the methyl group with a wedge bond, so the "OH" groups will have a dashed bond due to the steric hindrance. Due to this we only can have 1 isomer ((1S,2R,4S)-4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-diol). Finally, on this molecule, we dont have any symmetry planes (this characteristic will cancel out the optical activity), so the product of this reaction has optical activity.
See figure 2
I hope it helps!
Which element has the largest atomic radius
Answer:
Francium
Explanation:
The atomic radius increases from top to bottom in a group, and decreases from left to right across a period.
so francium (Fr) is the largest atom or has highest radii.
Hope this helps & please mark as brainiest!
Answer:
Francium has the largest atomic radius.
The general trend for atomic radii is increasing from top to bottom and decreasing from left to right so the one with the largest atomic radius will be in the bottom left of the periodic table.
How many water molecules are in a block of ice containing 1.25 mol of water (H2O)
Answer:
Molecules = 7.5 × 10²³ molecules
Explanation:
Given:
Moles = 1.25 mol
Avogadro's No. = [tex]N_{A}[/tex] = 6.022 * 10²³
Required:
Molecules = ?
Formula:
Molecules = Moles × [tex]N_{A}[/tex]
Solution:
Molecules = 1.25 × 6.022 × 10²³
Molecules = 7.5 × 10²³ molecules
A 3.00-g sample of an alloy (containing only Pb and Sn) was dissolved in nitric acid (HNO3). Sulfuric acid was added to this solution, which precipitated 2.93 g of PbSO4. Assuming that all of the lead was precipitated, what is the percentage of Sn in the sample? (molar mass of PbSO4 = 303.3 g/mol)
Answer:
33.3% of Sn in the sample
Explanation:
The addition of SO₄⁻ ions produce the selective precipitation of Pb²⁺ to produce PbSO₄.
Moles of PbSO₄ (molar mass 303.26g/mol) in 2.93g are:
2.93g ₓ (1mol / 303.26) = 9.66x10⁻³ moles PbSO₄ = Moles Pb²⁺.
As molar mass of Pb is 207.2g/mol, mass in 9.66x10⁻³ moles of Pb²⁺ is:
9.66x10⁻³ moles of Pb²⁺ ₓ (207.2g / mol) = 2.00g of Pb²⁺
As mass of the sample is 3.00g, mass of Sn²⁺ is 3.00g - 2.00g = 1.00g
And the percentage of Sn in the sample is:
1.00g / 3.00g ₓ 100 =
33.3% of Sn in the sampleWhat is the half-life for the first order decay of 14C according to the reaction, 146C — 147N +e- ?
The rate constant for the decay is 1.21 x10-4 year-1
Answer:
5727 years or 5730 (rounded to match 3 sig figs) whichever one your teacher prefers
Explanation:
First Order decay has a half life formula of Half Life = Ln (2) / k = 0.693/K
Half-life = 0.693/k = 0.693/1.21 x10-4 = 5727 years or 5730 (rounded to match 3 sig figs)
This should be correct because if you google the half-life of 14 C it is ~ 5700 years
Lewis structure of methyl metcaptain
Answer:
The lewis structure of the compounds can be drawn by making the skeleton of the molecule first. Then the different atoms are arranged and the electrons are arranged in their bonding pattern. The lone pair of the atoms, which are not involved in the bonding are represented by the dots.
So the lewis structures of both the compound methyl mercaptan has been in the attached image:
Spelling of methyl metcaptain is wrong, the correct spelling is methyl mercaptan.
Answer:
Methyl mercaptan is also known as Methanethiol with the chemical formula CH3SH and it is an organosulfur compound.
For lewis structure of methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), there are total 14 valence electrons. Four hydrogen atoms has one valence electron each, carbon has four valence electrons and sulfur has six valence electrons. Carbon form one bond with three hydrogen atoms by sharing one electron with each, carbon form one single bond with sulfur atom by sharing one electron with it and sulfur form one single bond with hydrogen. Sulfur left with four unpair electrons.
The lock and key model and the induced fit model are two models of enzyme action explaining both the specificity and the catalytic activity of enzymes. Indicate whether each statement is part of the lock and key model, the induced fit model, or is common to both models.
a. Enzyme conformation changes when it binds the substrate so the active site fits the substrate
b. Substrate binds to the enzyme at the active site, forming an enzyme-substrate complex
c. Enzyme active site has a rigid structure complementary
d. Substrate binds to the enzyme through noncovalent interactions
Answer:
"The active site of the enzyme has a complementary rigid structure" belongs to the key and lock system
"The conformation of the enzyme changes when it binds to the substrate so that the active site conforms to the substrate." belongs to the induced fit system.
"The substrate binds to the enzyme at the active site, forming an enzyme-substrate complex" belongs to both, that is, the key and lock system and the induced fit system.
"The substrate binds to the enzyme through non-covalent interactions" can belong to both enzyme systems.
Explanation:
Enzymatic key and lock systems bear this name because the enzyme at its site of union with the substrate has an ideal shape so that its fit is perfect, similar to a headbreaker, so once they are joined they are not It can bind another substrate to the enzyme, since they are generally associated with strong chemical bonds.
The shape of the enzyme's active site is a negative of what the shape of the substrate would be.
On the other hand, in the mechanism or enzyme system of induced adjustment, the enzyme has an active site that is where it binds with the substrate and another site where another chemical component binds, which when this chemical component binds this enzyme changes its morphology and becomes "active" to bond with your substrate.
This happens a lot in the inactive enzymes that are usually activated in digestive processes since the fact that these enzymes are constantly active would be dangerous, therefore the body takes the induced enzyme system as a control mechanism, where a molecule or chemical compound induces change morphological of an enzyme by means of the allosteric union so that it joins its substrate and catalyzes or analyzes it, depending on the enzymatic character of the enzyme.
Explain with examples following characteristics of chemical reactions: a. Change of colour b. Evolution of gas c. Change of smell d. Change of state
Answer:
Explanation:
a. change of colour:
A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products. The products have different molecular structures than the reactants. Different atoms and molecules radiate different colours of light. Hence, there usually is a change in colour during a chemical reaction.
Eg: copper reactions with the elements
b. Evolution of gas:
A gas evolution reaction is a chemical reaction in which one of the end products is a gas such as oxygen or carbon dioxide.
Eg: ammonium hydroxide breaks down to water and ammonia gas.
c. Change of smell :
Production of an Odor Some chemical changes produce new smells. ... The formation of gas bubbles is another indicator that a chemical change may have occured.
Eg: The chemical change that occurs when an egg is rotting produces the smell of sulfur.
d. Change of state:
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, known as products.
Eg: candle wax (solid) melts initially to produce molten wax (liquid)
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Write the empirical formula
Answer:
[tex]1) NH_{4}IO_{3}\\2) Pb(IO_{3})_{4} \\3) NH_{4}(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})\\4) Pb(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})_{4}[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]1) NH_{4}^{+}IO_{3}^{-} ---> NH_{4}IO_{3}\\2) Pb^{4+}(IO_{3}^{-})_{4} --->Pb(IO_{3})_{4} \\3) NH_{4}^{+}(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})^{-} ---> NH_{4}(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})\\4) Pb^{4+}(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})^{-} _{4} --->Pb(C_{2}H_{3}O_{2})_{4}[/tex]
when dissolved in water, an acid or a base breaks down into a. a proton and an electron b. two negative ions c. a positive and a negative ion d. a positive ion and a proton
Answer:
C. A positive and a negative ion
Explanation:
Acids and bases are made up of charged particles known as ions. The ions present in acids are oppositely charged and are held together by strong electrostatic forces. When acids or bases are dissolved in water, the electrostatic forces holding their individual molecules together are weakened and these ions are free to move apart in a process known as dissociation. Dissociation occurs because of the attraction between the positive and negative ions in the acid and bases and the negative and positive polarity of water.
For example, when an acid like hydrochloric acid is dissolved in water it dissociates into positive and negative ions as follows:
HCl(aq) -----> H+ + Cl-
When a base like sodium hydroxide is dissolved in water, it dissociates into positive and negative ions as follows:
NaOH(aq) ----> Na+ + OH-
Answer:
yeah C is correct
Explanation:
g Which statement is incorrect regarding oxidation? Oxidation is a "gain" of electrons. Oxidation is the combination with O atoms. Oxidation is an increase in oxidation state. Oxidation is always accompanied by reduction. none of these
Answer:
The incorrect statement from the options is OXIDATION IS A "GAIN" OF ELECTRONS
Explanation:
Oxidation in a redox reaction is the loss of electrons. It is also the increase in the oxidation states of an atom or ion or atoms in a molecule. A redox reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons from an atom or ion to another resulting in a change in oxidation states of the substances involved. The reducing agent in the reaction is undergoes oxidation by losing electrons while the oxidating agent is reduced that is it gains electrons at the end of the reaction. The atom or ion from which electron is lost is said to be oxidized while the other atom or ion involved in the reaction is reduced.
Oxidation is also the combination with O atoms and it is always accompanied by reduction because oxidation forms a half of the whole redox reaction. A substance cannot be oxidized except it has reduced another substance by losing electrons to it.
A student wants to prepare a salt starting with H2SO4. Select all of the compound types that can react with H2SO4 to form a salt.
1. salt
2. acid
3. acid salt
4. basic oxide
5. base
6. metal
7. acidic oxide
Answer:
4 and 6 would work for this
The mathematics of combining quantum theory with wave motion of atomic particles is known as _____.
Combining quantum theory with wave motion of atomic particles is: Wave Mechanics
What is the mass of 3.45 moles
NO2?
(N = 14.01 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol)
Answer:
158.7 g
Its the right answer
How many oxygen molecules are needed to make 10 carbon dioxide molecules according to the following balanced chemical equation? 2 CO + O2 → 2 CO2
five oxygen molecules
step by step explanation.
according to the equation,one molecule of oxygen is enough to react with two carbon molecules thus 10 carbon molecules need 5oxygen molecules
What would have happened to your % Transmittance reading and to your calculations of Keq if the spectrophotometer had been set at 520 nm rather than 447nm
Answer:
On the off chance that the wavelength(λ) maximum worth has been changed to 520 nm from 470 nm on the spectrophotometer, less light would be absorbed and in this way %T would be higher than the one found at 470 nm. The wavelength utilized at 520 nm isn't adequate for the excitation and consequently lesser light is absorbed by the arrangement.
Explanation:
A spectrophotometer is an analytical equipment used to quantitatively gauge the transmission(passage) or impression of visible light, UV light or infrared light through a medium.
Transmittance (τ) is the ratio of the brilliant or luminous flux at a given wavelength that is transmitted to that of the incident radiation.
where, Keq is the equilibrium constant.
On the off chance that the wavelength(λ) has been changed to 520 nm from 470 nm on the spectrophotometer, less light would be absorbed and in this way %T would be higher than the one found at 470 nm.
What happens to Transmittance?A spectrophotometer is an analytical equipment used to quantitatively gauge the transmission(passage) or impression of visible light, UV light or infrared light through a medium. Transmittance (τ) is the ratio of the brilliant or luminous flux at a given wavelength that is transmitted to that of the incident radiation. The wavelength utilized at 520 nm isn't adequate for the excitation and consequently lesser light is absorbed by the arrangement. As the concentration goes up, more radiation is absorbed and the absorbance goes up. Therefore, the absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration.
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Cual es la diferencia entre agua pesada y agua ligera a) el agua pesada contiene mas minerales que el agua ligera b) el agua ligera es liquida mientras el agua pesada es solida c) el agua ligera es agua purificada y el agua pesada es agua contaminada d) el agua pesada contiene mas elementos estearato de sodio
Answer:
d) El agua pesada contiene mas elementos
Explanation:
La diferencia fundamental entre el agua pesada y el agua ligera es que la primera tiene una proporción mayor de deuterio que la segunda. El deuterio es un ión del hidrógeno que tiene un peso atómico mayor que el hidrógeno común y corriente. Por ende, la opción D ofrece la mejor aproximación.
Answer:
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Explanation:ki
g Suppose you are titrating an acid of unknown concentration with a standardized base. At the beginning of the titration, you read the base titrant volume as 1.94 mL. After running the titration and reaching the endpoint, you read the base titrant volume as 23.82 mL. What volume of base was required for the titration
Answer:
21.88mL is the volume of base required for the titration.
Explanation:
For an acid-base titration trying to find the concentration of an acid, you must add a known quantity of the acid and titrate it with an standarized base.
If you know the moles of base you add to the acid solution, these moles are equal to moles of acid.
In the buret of the titration, initial volume is 1.94mL and final volume is 23.82mL. The volume you are adding is the difference between initial and final volume, that is:
23.82mL - 1.94mL
21.88mL is the volume of base required for the titration.Write the empirical formula
Answer:
[tex]Pb(CO_{3})_{2} \\Pb(NO_{3})_{4} \\FeCO_{3}\\Fe(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]Pb^{4+}(CO_{3}^{2-})_{2} --->Pb(CO_{3})_{2} \\Pb^{4+} (NO_{3}^{-})_{4} --->Pb(NO_{3})_{4} \\Fe^{2+} CO_{3}^{2-} --->FeCO_{3}\\Fe^{2+} (NO_{3}^{-})_{2}--->Fe(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex]
A solid white substance A is heated strongly in the absence of air. It decomposes to form a new white substance B and a gas C. The gas has exactly the same properties as the product obtained when carbon is burned in an excess of oxygen. Based on these observations, can we determine whether solids A and B and the gas C are elements or compounds?
Answer:
A, B and C are compounds
Explanation:
First of all, I need to establish that when carbon is burnt in excess oxygen, carbon dioxide is obtained as shown by this equation; C(s) + O2(g) ----> CO2(g).
Looking at the presentation in the question, A was said to be heated strongly and it decomposed to B and C. Only a compound can decompose when heated. Elements can not decompose on heating. Secondly, compounds usually decompose to give the same compounds that combined to form them. Compounds hardly decompose into their constituent elements.
Again from the information provided, the compound A is a white solid. This is likely to be CaCO3. It decomposes to give another white solid. This may be CaO and the gas was identified as CO2.
Hence;
CaCO3(s)--------> CaO(s) + CO2(g)
A silver cube with an edge length of 2.42 cm and a gold cube with an edge length of 2.75 cm are both heated to 85.4 ∘C and placed in 112.0 mL of water at 20.5 ∘C . What is the final temperature of the water when thermal equilibrium is reached?
Answer:
Explanation:
Volume of silver cube = 2.42³ = 14.17 cm³
mass of silver cube = volume x density
= 14.17 x 10.49 = 148.64 gm
Volume of gold cube = 2.75³ = 20.8 cm³
mass of gold cube = 20.8 x 19.3 = 401.44 gm
specific heat of silver and gold are .24 and .129 J /g°C
mass of 112 mL water = 112 g
Heat absorbed = heat lost = mass x specific heat x temperature fall or rise
Heat lost by metals
= 148.64 x .24 x ( 85.4 -T) + 401.44 x .129 x ( 85.4 - T )
= (35.67 + 51.78 ) x ( 85.4 - T )
87.45 x ( 85.4 - T )
= 7468.23 - 87.45 T
Heat gained by water
= 112 x 1 x ( T - 20.5 )
= 112 T - 2296
Heat lost = heat gained
7468.23 - 87.45 T = 112 T - 2296
199.45 T = 9764.23
T = 48.95° C
which factor is most responsible for the fact that water is a liquid rather than a gas at room temperature
The answer is Hydrogyn bonding. It keeps the water molocules bonded together and in a liquid state, without it it'd be in a gashious state.
Answer:Hydrogen bonds keep them together in room temperature, hope this helps!
Explanation:
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Identify which of the following are carbohydrates.
Check oh that apply
Answer:
3d and 4th
Explanation:
Carbohydrates general formula (CH2O)n.
Not 1st one because it has NH2-group.
2nd - C3H6O4, also it is acid.
3d - C3H6O3
4th - C6H12O6
Among the given compounds only compound present in 3rd option is a carbohydrate.
What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are the organic molecules which are made up of oxygen atom, carbon atom and hydrogen atom and general molecular formula of carbohydrates is CₙH₂ₙOₙ, where n is the number of atoms.
In the carbohydrate molecule, alcoholic group and aldehyde groups may present.
First given compound is not a carbohydrates as in that NH₃ group is present.Second given compound is also not a carbohydrate as in that carboxylic (-COOH) group is present.Third compound is a carbohydrate as in that compound same number of carbon and oxygen atoms are present and number of hydrogen atom is double to C & O atom.Fourth compound is also not a carbohydrate, as in that molecule number of carbon and oxygen atom is same but number of hydrogen is not double with respect to C & O.Hence compound C is carbohydrate.
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what is the molarity of a solution that contains 49.8 grams of nai and is dissolved in enough water to make 1.50 liters
Answer: The molarity of solution is 0.221 M
Explanation:
Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of the solution.
[tex]Molarity=\frac{n}{V_s}[/tex]
where,
n = moles of solute
[tex]V_s[/tex] = volume of solution in L
moles of [tex]NaI[/tex] = [tex]\frac{\text {given mass}}{\text {Molar mass}}=\frac{49.8g}{149.89g/mol}=0.332mol[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the formula of molality, we get
[tex]Molarity=\frac{0.332mol}{1.50L}[/tex]
[tex]Molarity=0.221mol/L[/tex]
Therefore, the molarity of solution is 0.221 M
How many moles of carbon atoms are there in 0.500 mol of C2H6?
The number of moles of carbon atoms in 0.500 mol of ethane (C₂H₆) is equal to one mole.
What is a mole?A mole can be defined as a scientific unit that is utilized to calculate the quantities such as atoms, molecules, ions, or other particular particles. The mass of one mole of a given chemical element is atomic mass and that of 1 mole of a chemical compound is molar mass.
The number of entities found in one mole is equal to 6.023 × 10 ²³ which is known as Avogadro’s constant.
Given, the number of moles of C₂H₆ = 0.500 mole
One molecule of ethane has carbons = 2
One mole of ethane has moles of carbons = 2 moles
0.500 mol of ethane has moles of carbon atoms = 0.500×2 = 1 mol
Therefore, one mole of carbon atoms is present in 0.500 mol of ethane C₂H₆.
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Each unknown mixture contains 5 metal constituents. Select the 5 metal ions that you have identified as being present in your mixture. Please double check your selections before you hit the submit button. a. Ca b. Co c. Cr d. Fe e. K f. Mn g. Zn
Explanation:
A metal ion is a type of atom compound that has an electric charge.
Such atoms willingly lose electrons in order to build positive ions called cations. The selected Ions are :
[tex]1. Mn^2^+\\\ 2. Ca^2^+\\\ 3. Co^2^+\\\ 4. Fe^2^-\\\ 5. K^+[/tex]