Option A is correct. Similar users will rate the items similarly are fundamental intuitions behind collaborative filtering.
A line segment's exact midpoint is the point that lies halfway between its two endpoints. It is therefore the average of the two endpoints, which is the average of the two x- and y-coordinates. Discover the endpoints' coordinates. As a result, the electric field along OB at midpoint O is 5.4 106 N C1. (b) At mid-point O, a test charge in the amount of 1.5 109 C is positioned. Line OA is the direction of the force. This is due to the fact that the charge applied at point B repels the negative test charge whereas point A attracts it.
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Which of the following data structures is the common choice to keep track of the edits made to a document so the user can easily undo their last edit? Stack LinkedList HashSet ArrayList
Data structures is the common choice to keep track of the edits made to a document so the user can easily undo their last edit is stack data
What is meant by stack data ?
In data stacking, the values for each of the variables are stacked into a single column after a data set is broken up into smaller data files. It is a form of data wrangling that is employed while getting ready data for additional analysis.
The Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) concept is used by stacks in data structures, a linear type of data structure that permits insertion and deletion operations from the top end of the stack data structure.
In a particular part of the computer's memory called a stack, functions' temporary variables are kept. While the programme is running, variables in a stack are created, saved, and initialized. It serves as a short-term memory. The memory of the variable is automatically cleared after the computation is finished.
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A spherical gas container made of steel has a 5-m outer diameter
and a wall thickness of 6 mm. Knowing that the internal pressure
is 350 kPa, determine the maximum normal stress and the maximum
shearing stress in the container. show all steps.
The calculated values are 62.1 Ksi is the maximum normal stress.
Max. Shear stress is 31.05 ksi.
Assuming inner vessel pressure is 60 psi
t=0.375 in, which is the thickness of the vessel's wall
d0/2 -t where r = inner radius
13 x 12 Equals 156 inches, or d0=13 feet in inches.
=78 - 0.375
=77.625 in
The formula for calculating the maximum normal stress in a spherical container is
σ=pr/2t
= 60 x 77.625/ 2 x0.375
100 / 6210 psi = 62.1 Ksi
Shear tension at its maximum, max = max /2
62.1 Ksi/2
=31.05ksi
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explain why gypsum board is an excellent material for providing fire resistance in building assemblies.
Answer:
Board with glass fibres in the core provides better fire resistance than gypsum board without glass fibres. The fire resistance of wall assemblies with regular (standard) gypsum board increases as the density of the gypsum board increases. Layering the number of gypsum board on each side of the assembly from one to two improves the fire resistance rating. Well constructed and tested gypsum board wall assemblies offer a first line of defense against the spread of fire and lead to a more sustainable building.
technician a says that rear gear trains are used on engines because they operate with less noise. technician b says that rear gear trains are used because they have less wear than a front gear train mechanism. who is correct?
The amount of electrical energy a battery may produce depends on the size, weight, and active area of the plates, claims Technician B.
When a battery is fully charged, it should display 12.6 volts. A value of 12.4 volts, or roughly a charge of 75%, is satisfactory for further testing. Any electrical or electronic device that regulates voltage maintains a power source's voltage within acceptable ranges. The voltage regulator's job is to keep voltages within the range that the electrical equipment using that voltage is capable of withstanding. The hydrogen and oxygen gasses that were present when the battery was first charged are once again created from the water.
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7.26 an ic inverter fabricated in a 65-nm cmos process is found to have a load capacitance of 3 ff. if the inverter is operated from a 1.2-v power supply, find the energy needed to charge and discharge the load capacitance. if the ic chip has 5 million of these inverters operating at an average switching frequency of 2.5 ghz, what is the power dissipated in the chip? what is the average current drawn from the power supply?
In order to charge and discharge the load capacitance, 1.2V x 3F x 2 = 7.2 Joules of energy are required.
The chip can dissipate 7.2 Joules × 5,000,000 x 2.5 GHz, which is 90,000,000 Joules/s, or 90 MW.
The power supply is being used at an average current of 90 MW / 1.2V = 75 A.
What is energy?
Energy is the quantifiable attribute that is transmitted to a body or a physical system in physics. It is observable in the production of work as well as in the form of light and heat. Energy can be transformed in form but cannot be created or destroyed, according to the rule of conservation of energy.
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technician a says that diesel engine oil turns black faster than oil in a spark-ignition engine because the oil composition and quality are different between the two oils. technician b says that there is not difference between diesel engine and spark-ignition engine oil. who is correct?
Neither technician a nor technician b is correct because The occurrence of blackened diesel oil is typical. Several hundred miles after an oil change is when this change is typically noticed.
Diesel engines run at compression ratios that are greater than those of gasoline engines. greater ratio compared to gasoline engines. increased thermal expansion as a result. more fuel energy that is transformed into usable power. In general, diesel oil is more viscous and pumpable at lower temperatures than gas engine oil. Several problems, including heat production, early wear & tear, and more, may arise if it were utilized in gas engines. Increased wear in the valve train, rings and liners, and other high-contact regions of the engine may result from adding natural gas engine oil to a diesel engine. Reduced soot control would result in higher oil viscosity. Compared to gas engine oil, diesel engine oil is more viscous and less pumpable at high temperatures. Several problems, including heat production, early wear & tear, and more, may arise if it were employed in gasoline engine.
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which combination of n-type (n) and p-type (p) semiconductors would be used to amplify a weak electronic signal?
To boost a weak electronic signal, n-type (n) and p-type (p) semiconductors would be utilized in an n-p-n configuration.
How are p-type and n-type semiconductors combined?Electrons flow from the N-type zone to the P-type region when voltage is supplied by connecting the P-type to the "+" electrode and the N-type to the "-" electrode. Any remaining electrons that did not vanish due to recombination with holes travel to the "+" electrode, and current flows. The P-type region's holes are subject to the same procedure.
Which p- and n-type substances are mixed to create a diode*?A two-layer, two-terminal semiconductor device, the diode. A PN junction, also known as a diode, is created when n- and p-type semiconductor material are combined.
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technician a says the problem with new long-life anti-freeze is it can produce silicate drop-out, which plugs cooling system passages. technician b says that the problem with long life anti-freeze is that it is not compatible with all cooling system materials. who is correct?
Silicates, a compound salt containing silicon and oxygen molecules, act as resistors within the fluid to raise the boiling point and reduce the freezing point. They are present in this bright green, fluorescent liquid.
The silicate in the coolant is that white gunk. This is known as silicate dropout, and it occurs when the additives in antifreeze/coolant start to degrade after being used over their recommended lifespan. A system blockage would have resulted from this goo, and the silicate is a component of the corrosion inhibitor kit. Core plugs, also known as freeze plugs, frequently leak as a result of corrosion. The coolant can contact the metal surface of the freeze plug's back. Corrosion prevention is a feature of coolant or antifreeze.
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Suppose a Vestas 112-m wind turbine rated at 3.075 MW is installed at a site having Rayleigh wind statistics with an average wind speed of 8 m/s at the hub height. The cut-out speed VF is 25 m/s.
Estimate the annual electricity generation.
How many hours per year will the turbine be shutdown due to excessive winds
The annual electricity generation per year, E = 8755.88 MWh/year.
Hours per year that the turbine will be shutdown due to excessive winds, T = 4.0883 hours/year
What is electricity?Electricity is a set of physical phenomena related to the presence and movement of matter with an electric charge. Magnetism and electricity are both components of the phenomenon known as electromagnetism, according to Maxwell's equations.
Lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges, and a variety of other everyday occurrences all involve electricity.
When there is a charge present, whether positive or negative, an electric field is formed. When electric charges move, they generate an electric current, which also produces a magnetic field. When a charge is placed in an electric field that is not zero, it will experience a force.
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1. Write a program that allows you to enter a 6-digit PIN, like you would on your smartphone to unlock it. done in java using GUI. It should have the following layout:
[ DISPLAY PIN AS TYPED ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ < ] [ 0 ] Where [ < ] is a "backspace" button. The display should show the PIN as it is typed, and when the user enters the PIN 202113, the display changes to "YOU MAY ENTER!"
b. For the above program you wrote above, add a new feature. This could be to allow variable length PINs, match different PINs, allow users to select a PIN and then confirm it later, etc.
Describe your extension.
c. Add a feature were you listen for key strokes, like ‘1’ or ‘2’ for entering the PIN, and allow the user to either type or use the mouse
d. Add a secret PIN that get’s checked. If the user guesses the PIN, have your GUI change in some interesting way, such as change colors, or something else visual
A program that allows you to enter a 6-digit PIN, like you would on your smartphone to unlock it. done in java using GUI is as follows:
public static String getRandomNumberString() {
Random rnd = new Random();
int number = rnd.nextInt(999999);
print("you may enter");
return String.format("%06d", number);
}
What is a GUI?
A graphical user interface (GUI) is a user interface that lets users interact with electronic devices like computers and smartphones by using menus, icons, and other visual cues (graphics). In contrast to text-based interfaces, which only display data and commands as text, GUIs graphically display information and related user controls. A mouse, trackball, stylus, or a finger on a touch screen are all pointing devices that can be used to interact with GUI representations.
The first keyboard input and what is known as a prompt were used in the first human-computer text interface (or DOS prompt). At the DOS prompt, commands were entered to start a computer's responses. An awkward and ineffective user interface was produced by the use of these commands and the requirement for precise spelling.
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a water distribution system inside a building and used for plumbing facilities is typically referred to by what name?
Answer:
domestic water return
Explanation:
Hope it helps!
list the 2 material properties and 2 relevant application for following alloying elements in aluminum: a. copper b. silicon c. magnesium d. silicon copper
The most popular alloying elements for aluminum are copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, manganese, and lithium. Chromite, titanium, zirconium, lead, and bismuth were added in trace amounts.
Which alloys of aluminum are there?According to the National Electrical Code, a list of aluminum alloys called AA-8000 is utilized to make wire.
Alclad is a type of aluminum sheet created by gluing extremely pure aluminum to a very strong core material.
Al-Li (lithium, occasionally mercury) (lithium, sometimes mercury)
Alnico (aluminum, nickel, copper) (aluminum, nickel, copper)
Birmabright (aluminum, magnesium) (aluminum, magnesium)
Duralumin (copper, aluminum) (copper, aluminum).
What qualities does aluminum have and what alloying elements are they?Zinc (Zn) 7xxx - The strongest heat-treatable aluminum alloys are created by combining zinc with aluminum and other elements, typically copper and magnesium. Zinc significantly boosts strength and allows precipitation to harden.
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2. water flows into the 1 m diameter tank at a rate of 0.006 m3/s. it also leaves through a 5 cm diameter orifice at the bottom. at a certain height h, the efflux equals the influx. determine this equilibrium height h. neglect all losses.
At the bottom, there is a 5 cm diameter orifice through which it also exits. The efflux and influx are equal at height h, and this height is 0.475 m for equilibrium.
inlet at top=0.006 m³/s
hole of outlet = 5 Cm
height = h
for efflux = influx
influx= 0.006 m³/s
efflux=outlet=area*velocity
π/4*0.05²=Area,velocity =[tex]\sqrt 2gh[/tex]
0.006=π/4*0.05*[tex]\sqrt 2gh[/tex]
so height h= 0.475m
The term "influx & efflux," which comes from Walt Whitman's "Song of Myself," describes daily movements in which external influences enter bodies, permeate and perplex their organization, and then leave, having changed into something new.
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The beam in problem consists of material that will safely support tensile or compressive stress of 30ksi. Based on this criterion, determine the largest distributed load w
0
(in lb /in) the beam will safely support if it has the cross-section (a); if it has the cross-section (b).
Answer: solution
Explanation:
a steel tape that is 100.00 ft long when supported only at its ends under a tension of 20 lb is used to measure a line. the temperature is 68 degree f, the pull on the tape is 40 lb, and the line is measured as 469.40 ft. the tape used is 0.33 in wide x 0.02 in thick. if one assumes the modulus of elasticity of steel to be 29,000,000 psi, what is the actual length of the line? group of answer choices 469.36 ft
The actual length of the line 469.449 ft, if one assumes the modulus of elasticity of steel to be 29,000,000 psi.
What is elasticity of metal?A metal's elasticity is defined as the rate at which a specific metal sample can change in size and shape in response to a variety of stress and strain forces as well as other externally varying factors. The measured level of ductility of a metal can also be referred to as elasticity.
Due to the increased surface area that is exposed when elongated, metals that are subjected to repeated applications of force to cause elastic expansion are more vulnerable to stress corrosion, cracking, and crevice corrosion.
When a metal deforms elastically, the process is reversible, allowing the metal to revert to its initial shape.
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Consider a unity-feedback control system with the open-loop transfer function G(s) = K/ (s(s^2+s+4)
A) Determine the value of the gain K such that the phase margin is 50∘?
B) What is the gain margin for this case?
A) The phase margin is defined as the angle between the open-loop gain and the -180 degree line on the Bode plot.
To find the required value of K, we first need to find the gain (magnitude) at the frequency which corresponds to the phase margin angle.
At 50 degrees, the frequency is calculated as:
f_pm = 1 / (2π tan(50)) = 0.637 rad/s
The magnitude at this frequency can be determined by substituting s = j f_pm into the transfer function.
G(jf_pm) = K / (jf_pm (f_pm^2 + jf_pm + 4))
Simplifying, the magnitude of G(jf_pm) is:
|G(jf_pm)| = K / |f_pm (f_pm^2 + jf_pm + 4)| = K / 4.839
Therefore, the required value of K is:
K = 4.839 * |G(jf_pm)|
B) The gain margin is the minimum amount of gain needed to make the system stable. It can be determined by calculating the magnitude at the frequency which corresponds to the -180 degree angle on the Bode plot.
At -180 degrees, the frequency is calculated as:
f_gm = 1 / (2π tan(-180)) = 0
The magnitude at 0 frequency can be determined by substituting s = 0 into the transfer function.
G(0) = K / (0(0^2 + 0 + 4)) = K/4
Therefore, the gain margin is:
GM = 4/K
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In an analog communication system, demodulation gain is defined as the ratio of the SNR at the output of the demodulator to the SNR at the output of the noise- limiting filter at the receiver front end. Find expressions for the demodulation gain in each of the following cases: 1. DSB. 2. SSB. 3. Conventional AM with a modulation index of a. What is the largest possible demodulation gain in this case? 4. FM with modulation index Bf.
A signal-to-noise ratio, sometimes written S/N or SNR, is a measurement of the system of the intended signal in relation to background noise in analog and digital communications (undesired signal).
By comparing the two levels and returning a ratio, a predefined formula can be used to calculate S/N. This ratio reveals if the desired signal is being impacted by the noise level. Typically, the ratio is given as a single decibel number (dB). The ratio might be either a positive or negative value, or it can be zero. The signal level is greater than the noise level when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 0 dB. The signal quality improves as the ratio rises.
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Generalized shortest-paths problem. In Internet routing, there are delays on lines but also, more signicantly, delays at routers. This motivates a generalized shortest-paths problem. Suppose that in addition to having edge lengths fle : e 2 Eg, a graph also has vertex costs fcv : v 2 V g. Now dene the cost of a path to be the sum of its edge lengths, plus the costs of all vertices on the path (including the endpoints). Give an efcient algorithm for the following problem. Input: A directed graph G = (V;E); positive edge lengths le and positive vertex costs cv; a starting vertex s 2 V . Output: An array cost[] such that for every vertex u, cost[u] is the least cost of any path from s to u (i.e., the cost of the cheapest path), under the denition above. Notice that cost[s] = cs.
Algorithm:
1. Initialize cost[u] = ∞ for all u in V.
2. Set cost[s] = cs.
3. For each vertex v in V:
a. Set dist[v] = 0.
b. For each edge (u, v) in E:
i. Set dist[v] = min(dist[v], cost[u] + le).
c. Set cost[v] = min(cost[v], dist[v] + cv).
4. Return cost[].
Time complexity: O(VE)
What is time complexity?
The duration of the input determines how long it takes an algorithm to run, which is known as temporal complexity. It calculates how long it takes for each algorithm's code statement to run. It won't look at an algorithm's overall execution time. Instead, it is going to supply information about the variance (up or down) in execution time whenever the number of tests (significantly reduce) in an algorithms.
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A system air pressure loss occurs on a trailer resulting in a gradual pressure bleed down. Which of the following will occur FIRST?
a. tractor-protection valve cuts service signal to the trailer
b. tractor-protection valve cuts the trailer supply
c. spring brakes on trailer begin to apply when pressure drops to 60 psi
d. service brakes on trailer apply
Option D is correct. Safeguards the air brake system in the event that the air suspension system leaks or fails.
A replaceable filter on Premium Valve prevents pollutants and other debris from getting into other air system components. The front or rear brakes won't function properly if one air system has very low pressure. As a result, stopping will take longer for you. Stop the car safely, then get the air brakes system fixed. safeguards the air brake system in the event that the air suspension system leaks or fails. A replaceable filter on Premium Valve prevents pollutants and other debris from getting into other air system components.
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the flip-flop input equations for a bcd counter using t flip-flops are given in section 6.4. obtain the input equations for a bcd counter that uses (a) jk flip-flops and (b)* d flipflops. compare the three designs to determine which one is the most efficient.
Synchronous is an artistic phrase that denotes that all outputs occur only after a clock, and that the same clock affects all clocked devices. No clock signals should be generated from other circuit components' output.
The term "3-bit" denotes that this circuit has exactly three outputs. The word "binary" denotes that the output bits are meant to represent numbers in a binary system. Although the problem does not state what is being counted, the word "counter" implies that the outputs are supposed to count something. "Up" implies that when events are counted, the number represented by the outputs should grow. What should happen when the count reaches the highest possible count for 3-bits is not specified in the problem.
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technician a says that batteries may slowly fail over time due to the loss of a cell or open circuits within the internal connections. technician b says that batteries may slowly fail over time through the gradual loss of capacity caused by plate deterioration. who is correct?
According to Technician B, the size, weight, and active area of the plates affect how much electrical energy a battery can generate.
A battery should show 12.6 volts when it is fully charged. For further testing, a measurement of 12.4 volts, which roughly equates to a charge of 75%, is sufficient. Any electrical or electronic device known as a voltage regulator keeps the voltage of a power source within allowable ranges. The voltage regulator is required to maintain voltages within the permitted range that the electrical equipment using that voltage can tolerate. The water is transformed back into the hydrogen and oxygen gasses that it was when the battery was first charged.
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4. question 4 a data analyst is creating a dashboard using tableau. in order to layer objects over other items, which layout should they choose? 1 point floating itemized layered tiled
A data analyst is creating a dashboard using tableau. in order to layer objects over other items, they should choose floating layout. Thus, the correct option is option A.
Who is a data analyst?A data analyst examines data to find key customer insights and potential uses for the information. They also share this information with the company's management and other interested parties.
Modern businesses rely heavily on data analysts to reflect on their work and customer base, determine how these factors have affected profits, and advise leadership on how to move forward and expand the company.
McKenzie claims that successful data analysts possess strong mathematical and statistical abilities as well as:
Analytical abilities to collect, view, and evaluate information.Arithmetical abilities to measure and statistically analyze dataTechnical abilities to organize and present data using software and scripting languages.Learn more about data analysts
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consider a simple ideal rankine cycle with fixed boiler and condenser pressures. what is the effect of superheating the steam to a higher temperature on
The net work output and cycle efficiency will both increase with superheating the steam. Additionally, the steam at the turbine exit has less moisture in it.
The superheating raises the mean temperature of heat addition, which raises the efficiency of the superheat Rankine cycle over that of the simple Rankine cycle. On the T-s diagram to the left, the impact of decreasing condenser pressure on the Rankine cycle efficiency is depicted. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated mixture at the saturation temperature corresponding to the condenser pressure. Rankine cycle in thermodynamics Roy Mech's phrase "Superheated" This cycle demonstrates the different phases of operation in a turbine plant using superheated steam. F -> G is a symbol for the turbine's enthalpy reduction. The effect of superheated steam on the Rankine cycle's efficiency is that the efficiency of the cycle rises as the superheat of the steam rises.
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a is a tool used to study the gravitational attraction between earth and a mass within the instrument.
A gravity meter is a tool used to study the gravitational attraction between the earth and a mass within the instrument.
A gravity meter also known as a gravimeter is a device or instrument that measures local acceleration due to the Earth's gravity and is used to determine the gravitational attraction between the Earth and a mass. A gravity meter works on the principle of measuring the constant downward acceleration of gravity.
Despite the fact that the acceleration of gravity is a vector quantity (that is, it has a magnitude and a direction), most of the gravity meters measure the scalar magnitude of the acceleration.
Gravity meters are of two categories. The first type, the relative gravity meter, measures the difference in gravity between two locations, and the second type is the absolute gravity meter which measures the magnitude of the entire gravity field.
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lanes of traffic on expressways that flow in opposite directions are divided by a: a) solid yellow line b) solid white line c) median d) broken white line
Answer:
c) median
Explanation:
The lanes of traffic on expressways that flow in opposite directions are divided by a median. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
What are expressways?Expressway lane markings are one-of-a-kind, which means they differ on different roads. Parking or stopping on motorways is prohibited unless on the expressway's shoulder. Cloverleaf, diamond, and trumpet interchanges are the three most common types of expressway interchange.
A median separates traffic lanes on motorways that flow in opposite directions. The highway ahead is divided by a physical barrier or median. The "Divided highway" sign indicates that the two opposing lanes of traffic on the highway ahead are separated by some kind of physical barrier or median, such as a guardrail, concrete barrier, or a strip of land.
Therefore, median divides lanes of traffic on expressways that flow in opposite directions.
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One lbmol of pentane gas (C5H12) reacts with the theoretical amount of air in a closed, rigid tank. Initially, the reactants are at 77°F, 1 atm. After complete combustion, the temperature in the tank is 2500°R. Assume air has a molar analysis of 21% O2 and 79% N2.
Determine the final pressure in the tank, in atm.
Determine the heat transfer in Btu
Please be precise with your calculation.
After complete combustion, the temperature in the tank is 2500°R. Final pressure in the tank is 0.715 atm and heat transfer is 1900339 BTU.
1lb mol of pentane weighs 102lb. From he chemical equation of combustion,
No of moles of gas initially is 1 mole of pentane + 8 moles of oxygen +30.1 moles of nitrogen=39.1 moles.
No of moles of gas after combustion is 5 moles of carbon dioxide, 6 moles of water and 30.1 moles of nitrogen=41.1 moles.
Assuming all gases are ideal,
Applying ideal gas law to before combustion (1) and after combustion (2),
which is the final pressure in the tank.
Heat transfer to CO2:
5lbmol of CO_2=44*5 lb of CO2 with heat capacity of 0.0138 BTU/lb-deg R
Total heat transferred to CO_2=44*5*0.0138*(2500-536)=5963 BTU
Heat transfer to H_2O.:
We look up at steam table.
6 lb mol of water is produced=18*6 lb of H-2O.
Partial pressure initially is 6/41.1*41.1/39.1 atm=0.153 atm. Temp 536 R
Partial pressure finally is 6/41.1*4.9 atm=0.715 atm. Temp 2500 R
Looking up steam tables, h_f=2120*18*6=228960 BTU
h_i=44.7*18*6=4827 BTU
Net heat transferred=224133 BTU
Heat transfer to N_2
30.1lbmol of N_2=28*30.1 lb of N2 with heat capacity of 0.000249 BTU/lb-deg R
Total heat transferred to N_2=28*30.1*00.000249*(2500-536)=412 BTU
Overall heat content of the gas at 2500R=5963+224133+412=230508 BTU.
The calorific value of pentane is 20890 BTU/lb
So, total heat released=20890*102BTU=2130847 BTU.
So, total heat trasferred out=2130847-230508=1900339 BTU.
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if you accidentally write a program that has an infinite (never ending) loop, such as the one below, your computer will become completely unusable sin
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using advanced ceramics in the structure of internal combustion engines.
High temperature strength and reduced weight are two benefits of utilizing modern ceramics in internal combustion (I.C.) engine construction.
Why is internal combustion advantageous?Comparing internal combustion engines to external combustion engines, there are various benefits. Internal combustion engine heat loss is reduced, thermal efficiency is increased, and fuel consumption is decreased since the fuel burns directly in the cylinder.
The drawbacks of combustion are what?Combustion has a variety of negative environmental effects, some of which include air pollution, noise pollution, oil spills, and gas leaks. Pollution from carbon monoxide is another side effect of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.
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Design the dimensions of an air-filled waveguide to be used for transmission of electromagnetic power at 10 GHz. This frequency should be at the middle of the operating frequency band. The design should also allow maximum power transfer without sacrificing the operating frequency bandwidth (see the previous problem). (Note that from Prob. 2, the maximum power that the waveguide can transmit without suffering from dielectric breakdown of the air is proportional to the cross-sectional area ab.) Find the maximum time-average power that the waveguide can transmit. Use a safety factor of 2 (hence, the maximum value of the electric field should not exceed E/2). The breakdown field strength E, in air is assumed to be 3x10° [V/m). a = 2.25 [cm], b = 1.125 [cm], P = 281.7 [kW]
This research suggests a multilayer printed circuit board technique for an air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (SIW).
It is particularly relevant for millimeter-wave applications, which often call for low cost, low loss, and great power handling performance. This three-layered, air-filled SIW enables significant loss reduction and improved power handling. A extremely compact, high-performance, low-cost, and self-packaged millimeter-wave integrated system can be created by using FR-4 as the baseband or digital circuits in the top and bottom layers of the system. It is demonstrated that over Ka-band (U-band), the air-filled SIW reduces losses by a mean value of 0.068 dB/cm in comparison to its dielectric-filled counterparts based on Rogers substrates RT/Duroid 5880 and likewise 6002.
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slow, continuous movement along a fault zone is termed . a) elastic rebound b) dilatancy c) sick- slip motion d) stress
Stress is the proper response. Creep is the name given to the sluggish, persistent movement that occurs along particular fault zones.
During an earthquake, the crustal material on either side of a fault experiences elastic rebound. According to the theory, a fault remains stuck until the strain that has built up in the rock on either side of it has defeated the friction that causes it to stick. The elastic rebound theory offers an explanation for how seismic energy is distributed. In response to force and shifting, rocks on opposite sides of a fault build up energy and gradually distort until their internal strength is exceeded.
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