Which level of organization is shown in the image? Cell. Tissue. Organ. Organ system. "Cobblestones" is not an option.

Answer:

Females and males each have some amount of the sex hormones, androgens and estrogens. In males however, androgens like testosterone is more dominant and in females estrogens like estradiol are more dominant. The hormones both affect the sexual response cycle. The sexual response cycle has four phases: desire, arousal, orgasm and resolution. The desire phase can last anywhere from a few minutes to hours and includes physical changes like an increase in muscle tension, heartbeats quickening, flushed skin, and an increased flow of blood to genitals. The arousal phase extends to the brink of the orgasm phase, during this phase the changes experienced in the desire phase are intensified along with blood pressure increasing. The orgasm phase generally only lasts a few seconds and is the climax of the sexual response cycle, some characteristics include: Involuntary muscle contractions and spasms, blood pressure, breathing, and heart rate at their highest point, a release of built up sexual tension, and flushed skin. During the resolution phase the body returns to normal, often a sense of wellbeing and fatigue is achieved. To begin the cycle a male need a certain amount of the androgen, testosterone, but high levels in females tend to lead to more sexual thought and desires, typically though, women have relatively low levels of testosterone. In women, estrogens, such as estradiol are more common. Estrogens are produced when a girl starts puberty and helps her reproductive cycle begin. A high level of estrogen in men can lead to a reduced sex drive, loss of hair, or trouble focusing, but a normal level in men is crucial to proper erectile function.

Explanation:

I just submitted this, i hope it helps :)

Answer:

taaccggatcg

Explanation:

Answer:

Organisms must gather energy to survive.

Explanation:

Answer:

food

Explanation:

Answer:

Host Susceptibility

Resistance to bacterial infections is enhanced by phagocytic cells and an intact immune system. Initial resistance is due to nonspecific mechanisms. Specific immunity develops over time. Susceptibility to some infections is higher in the very young and the very old and in immunosuppressed patients.

Bacterial Infectivity

Bacterial infectivity results from a disturbance in the balance between bacterial virulence and host resistance. The “objective” of bacteria is to multiply rather than to cause disease; it is in the best interest of the bacteria not to kill the host.

Host Resistance

Numerous physical and chemical attributes of the host protect against bacterial infection. These defenses include the antibacterial factors in secretions covering mucosal surfaces and rapid rate of replacement of skin and mucosal epithelial cells. Once the surface of the body is penetrated, bacteria encounter an environment virtually devoid of free iron needed for growth, which requires many of them to scavenge for this essential element. Bacteria invading tissues encounter phagocytic cells that recognize them as foreign, and through a complex signaling mechanism involving interleukins, eicosanoids, and complement, mediate an inflammatory response in which many lymphoid cells participate.

Genetic and Molecular Basis for Virulence

Bacterial virulence factors may be encoded on chromosomal, plasmid, transposon, or temperate bacteriophage DNA; virulence factor genes on transposons or temperate bacteriophage DNA may integrate into the bacterial chromosome.

Host-mediated Pathogenesis

In certain infections (e.g., tuberculosis), tissue damage results from the toxic mediators released by lymphoid cells rather than from bacterial toxins.

Intracellular Growth

Some bacteria (e.g., Rickettsia species) can grow only within eukaryotic cells, whereas others (e.g., Salmonella species) invade cells but do not require them for growth. Most pathogenic bacteria multiply in tissue fluids and not in host cells.

Virulence Factors

Virulence factors help bacteria to (1) invade the host, (2) cause disease, and (3) evade host defenses. The following are types of virulence factors:

Adherence Factors: Many pathogenic bacteria colonize mucosal sites by using pili (fimbriae) to adhere to cells.

Invasion Factors: Surface components that allow the bacterium to invade host cells can be encoded on plasmids, but more often are on the chromosome.

Capsules: Many bacteria are surrounded by capsules that protect them from opsonization and phagocytosis.

Endotoxins: The lipopolysaccharide endotoxins on Gram-negative bacteria cause fever, changes in blood pressure, inflammation, lethal shock, and many other toxic events.

Exotoxins: Exotoxins include several types of protein toxins and enzymes produced and/or secreted from pathogenic bacteria. Major categories include cytotoxins, neurotoxins, and enterotoxins.

Siderophores: Siderophores are iron-binding factors that allow some bacteria to compete with the host for iron, which is bound to hemoglobin, transferrin, and lactoferrin.

Explanation:

Answer:

CCCGGTATATC

TAACCGGATCG

Explanation:

G and C are complimentary; T and A are complimentary

Just swap each letter following that rule :)

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer:B

Explanation:

Answer:

Heart valves or the closure of the mitral and tricuspid atrioventricular (AV) valves at the beginning of ventricular systole and the closure of the aortic valve and pulmonary valve at the end of ventricular systole.

Explanation:

The heart tone “lub,” or S1, is caused by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid atrioventricular (AV) valves at the beginning of ventricular systole.

The heart tone “dub,” or S2 ( a combination of A2 and P2), is caused by the closure of the aortic valve and pulmonary valve at the end of ventricular systole.

Answer:

10

Explanation:

easch couplet presents the user with 2 alternatives and exclusive sets of character's.

10 couplets should your key have. If you are building a dichotomous key, and you have 10 species to identify. Hence, option D is correct.

A dichotomous key, a crucial piece of scientific gear, is used to discriminate between diverse species according to their visible traits. Users must choose one of two possibilities to answer a series of questions that make up dichotomous keys.

A dichotomous key in the identification of trees, for instance, would ask whether the tree has leaves or needles. The key then leads the user down one set of questions if the tree has leaves; if the tree has needles, a different set of questions is shown.

The three most prevalent types of dichotomous keys are nested, connected, and branched. Each sentence has the appropriate response written next to it in nested type.

Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:

Red blood cells carry oxygen from our lungs to the rest of our bodies. Then they make the return trip, taking carbon dioxide back to our lungs to be exhaled.

Explanation:

They transport oxygen

Explanation:

1)It carry oxygen from our lungs to the rest of our bodies.

2)It attracts bacteria

Answer: dust cloud

Explanation:

dust condensed after asteroid collisions at the kepler belt  

Answer:

It is denser when frozen than when liquid.

Explanation:

Ice is actually less dense than water. The lattice arrangement of ice allows water molecules to be more spread out than in a liquid, making ice less dense than water.

Hope that helps.

Answer:

lithosphere

Explanation:

Answer:

When water evaporates through the leaves, a pull is created through the xylem, and water moves back to the leaves. This is known as the transpiration pull.

Answer:

a) Frequency of the R allele: [(396 x 2) + 257] / (396 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557  x 2) = 1049 / 2420 = 0.433

b) Frequency of the r allele: [(557 x 2) + 257] / (396 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557  x 2) = 1371 / 2420 = 0.567

c) Frequency of the R allele: [(196 x 2) + 257] / (196 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557  x 2) = 649 / 2020 = 0.321

d) Frequency of the r allele: [(557 x 2) + 257] / (196 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557  x 2) = 1371 / 2020 = 0.679

e) migration is gene flow  

Explanation:

Gene flow (also referred to as gene migration) is the movement of genes that acts to change allele frequencies in local populations by transferring genetic material from one population to another. Gene flow may be caused either by the movement of organisms that reproduce in new populations (migration), or by the movement of gametes (for example, pollen dispersal in plants).

Answer:for your journey through the urinary system you must be made small enough to be filtered through the filtration

membrane from the bloodstream Into the renal You will be injected into the subclavian vein and must

pass through the heart before entering the arterial circulation. As you travel through the systemic circulation you have

Explanation:

The urinary system, sometimes referred to as the renal system, manages fluid and electrolyte balance as well as filters and eliminates waste items from the body.

You must be reduced in size to pass through the filtration membrane and into the renal system on your voyage via the urinary system. The subclavian vein will be used as the injection site, and you must first pass through the heart to reach the arterial circulation. You have at least two minutes to unwind as you move through the systemic circulation before you arrive at the renal artery, which supplies the kidney.

Through the artery wall, you can make out the towering, brownish-red kidney. Once within, the kidney's blood arteries get progressively smaller until you reach the afferent arteriole, which feeds into the glomerulus, the filtering organ. Once inside the filter, you position yourself such that you are facing a pore directly. You are quickly carried across the filtration membrane and into the Bowman's capsule region of the nephron. You lower the specimen cup as you proceed to collect your first test sample of filtrate.

You examine the reading from the sample and discover that, with one exception, its chemical makeup is very identical to that of blood. Practically no blood cells exist. You can wait to take your next sample until you get to the Henle loop, or the "hairpin" in correct language. You observe the tubule cells as you proceed along your path because they have numerous thick fingerlike projections that protrude into the tubule lumen from their surface.

This portion of the tubule is relatively small, therefore these microvilli improve the absorptive surface area. You gather your second sample while in the "hairpin". The readout confirms that the filtrate's content is significantly lower and that few nutrients, including glucose and amino acids, are present.

Here, metabolic wastes are substantially more concentrated, and the area is yellow, which denotes the presence of the urochrome pigment. You know you have arrived in the distal convoluted tubule and are seeing the process of secretion when you gradually work your way up from the 'hairpin' and enter into an area where big molecules are being transported into the filtrate.

As you proceed, you notice that the streams are now more agitated and the water level has plummeted. You recall the function of the hormone ADH and assume that the body must have secreted it to save water. You make a sharp right and then plunge straight down into a tube that is being filled with fluid and other tubes. You become aware that you are moving towards the minor calyx in the collecting duct.

You move very calmly into a tube on the other coast after entering a much calmer area. You become aware that you are experiencing a rhythmic downward squeeze as soon as you enter this tube, indicating that you are in the ureter. You know you have arrived to the urinary bladder when you suddenly drop and splash into a sizable sea of urine. As you can see, there is a lot of fluid as the ceiling gets closer to you and the walls start to pull. Suddenly, you are propelled out of the body and into your host's urethra to leave the body.

Therefore, the urinary system, sometimes referred to as the renal system, manages fluid and electrolyte balance as well as filters and eliminates waste items from the body.

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Answer:

Tropical forests are typically biodiversity hotspots and are usually filled with endemic species. The Upper Amazonia/Guyana Shield, the Congo Basin, and the New Guinea/Melanesian Islands have the highest number of endemic terrestrial (land-living) species on Earth

Explanation:

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Answer:

A huge number of chemical reactions take place continuously in a living cell. The whole of all chemical processes, that is, the total turnover of matter and energy is called metabolism.

Explanation:

All organisms need the energy to grow, reproduce, and respond to their surroundings. All these processes are achieved through metabolism that allows the energy available to them.

Answer: A cell

Explanation:

Answer:

Cell

Explanation:

It just is. :/

Answer:

The coral reefs of the Caribbean are thought to be under threat

Explanation:

Overfishing threatens over 60 percent of Caribbean coral reefs. Declines in coral cover and increases in algal cover have been observed across the region. This analysis identified about one-third of Caribbean reefs at high threat from overfishing pressure and about 30 percent at medium threat.

Answer:

hope that help you

Explanation:

Fossils or organisms that show the intermediate states between an ancestral form and that of its descendants are referred to as transitional forms. There are numerous examples of transitional forms in the fossil record, providing an abundance of evidence for change over time.

A cell if its cytoplasm contains 97% water and 3% solute and it is placed into a container that has a solution of 92% water and 8% solute - cell will lose water and shrink.

A hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic

Thus, A cell if its cytoplasm contains 97% water and 3% solute and it is placed into a container that has a solution of 92% water and 8% solute - cell will lose water and shrink.

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Answer:

[tex]\dfrac{dy}{dx}=\dfrac{4}{25}[/tex]

Explanation:

The given expression is :

[tex]y=\dfrac{(x-1)}{(x+3)}[/tex]

We need to find dy/dx at x = 2

[tex]\dfrac{dy}{dx}=\dfrac{d}{dx}(\dfrac{x-1}{x+3})\\\\=\dfrac{(x+3)\dfrac{d}{dx}(x-1)-(x-1)\dfrac{d}{dx}(x+3)}{(x+3)^2}\\\\=\dfrac{x+3-(x-1)}{(x+3)^2}\\\\=\dfrac{x+3-x+1}{(x+3)^2}\\\\\dfrac{dy}{dx}=\dfrac{4}{(x+3)^2}[/tex]

Put x = 2 in above expression

[tex]\dfrac{dy}{dx}|x=2=\dfrac{4}{(2+3)^2}\\\\=\dfrac{4}{25}[/tex]

Hence, the value at dy/dx is [tex]\dfrac{4}{25}[/tex]

Answer:

The answer is option A "A decrease in the kangaroo rat population will cause a decrease in the coyote population"

Explanation:

Climate is a significant ecological impact on environments. Changing Climate influences biological systems in an variety of ways. For example, warming may constrain species to relocate to higher scopes or higher rises where temperatures are more helpful for their endurance.

Environmental change not just influences biological systems and species straightforwardly, it likewise communicates with other human stressors, for example, advancement. Although a few stressors cause just minor effects when acting alone, their combined effect may prompt emotional natural changes. For example, environmental change may worsen the pressure that land improvement puts on delicate water front zones. Also, as of late logged forested zones may get defenseless against disintegration if environmental change prompts increments in substantial down pour storms.

Answer:

interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :D

Answer:

It is the interaction between two different organisms that typically has an o advantage to each other.

Explanation:

An example could be the relationship between an anemone (Heteractis magnifica) and a clownfish (Amphiron ocellaris). It's example of two organisms benefiting the other- the anemone provides the clownfish with protection and shelter, while the clownfish provides the anemone nutrients in the form of waste.