Which bacterial and viral pathogens cause most foodborne illnesses?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Campylobacter

Clostridium perfringens

E. coli

Listeria

Norovirus

Salmonella

Other important bacteria and viruses that cause foodborne illness include:

Bacillus cereus

Botulism

Hepatitis A

Shigella

Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcal [Staph] Food Poisoning)

Vibrio Species Causing Vibriosis


Related Questions

Simple cells without organelles, what structure it is called

Answers

Answer:

I think its a Prokaryotic cell

Explanation:

Fernanda is feeling sick and goes to the
doctor. Upon taking a blood sample, the
doctor observes that Fernanda's cells
contain a pathogen that seems to be made
of small cells with no nucleus. What type of
infection does Fernanda have?
bacterial
fungal
none of the above
viral

Answers

Answer:

bacterial

Explanation:

A prokaryotic organism is an organism that does not possess a membrane-bound nucleus that houses its genetic material. Organisms grouped under this domain are bacteria, archaebacteia etc.

According to this question, Fernanda goes for a blood sample because she felt sick. The result of the blood sampling shows that the cells of Fernanda contain a pathogen that seems to be made of small cells with no nucleus. This property describes a prokaryotic pathogen. Hence, the infection is most likely to be that of a BACTERIAL INFECTION.

Note that, a fungus is eukaryotic while a virus is considered non-living because it can only replicate in a living host.

How can I get my own karyotype?

If you guys don't know what karyotype is, it's a photo of person's full set of chromosomes. So basically my crush keeps making fun of me and said "You're so d*mb, you probably lost a chromosome" but I didn't lose any. So I want to sign up to get my own karyotype to prove I have a full set of chromosomes. Do you guys know which site I can sign up and pay to get my karyotype done? Thx

Answers

Answer: really any doctor

Explanation: karyotype tests are done typically during pregnancies, i’m sure a medical facility could do it.

1. What happens to a plant that is put into a dark place? The plant's green color fades because it cannot perform photosynthesis without light. It grows taller.​

Answers

Answer: The answer is the green part of the plant faces away because it cannot perform photosynthesis without light.

Explanation: The reason for this is because sunlight is always important to receive while performing photosynthesis because without sunlight, the plant would lose one of its major factors for photosynthesis.

7. Show that it we cross pure grech pea plants with the heterozygous yellow pea plants
what are the possible phenistkes of the first filial generation by using rennut square
I use crosses the first filial generation on the question number seven (7) what are the
possible ration of their offspring's
9. What are the most commah known neuroplerans nictter are​

Answers

Explanation:

7. 100% green pea plant

-50%=GG

-50%=Gg

9. Not sure what you mean?

Answer:

Yellow( heterozygous) and green

Explanation:

Find the type of mutation
Substitution, Insertion, Deletion?

Did the mutation change the reading frame?
Yes or No?

How did the mutation change the amino acid sequence?
1 amino acid change, Premature stop signal, All the amino acids are chabged after the point mutation?​

Answers

Answer:

the number of members in A municipal corporation depends upon the _______ city

1. Explain the advantages of compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells.
2. Explain how the nucleus controls protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
3. List the components of the endomembrane system, and describe the structure and
functions of each component.
4. Describe the pathway of a newly synthesized protein through the endomembrane system
before is secreted out of the cell. What organelles will the protein visit?
5. Explain the biological/physiological relevance of mitochondrial cristae and chloroplast
thylakoids.
6. Describe the evidence that mitochondria and chloroplast are semiautonomous organelles.
7. Explain the mechanism by which microtubules transport vesicles through the cell.
8. Describe the basic structure of the plant cell wall and its function. Discuss the biological
relevance of plasmodesmata.
9. Compare and contrast the role of phospholipids and cholesterol in cell membrane
structure and function.
.0. Define diffusion. Explain why diffusion is a spontaneous process.
.1. Compare and contrast the role of transport proteins and receptor protein in cell
membrane function.
2. Define membrane potential and electrochemical gradient
3. Explain how endocytosis and exocytosis contribute to plasma membrane recycling.
4. Distinguish among osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
15. Imagine that you can attach a molecular flag in the membranes of the rough endoplasmic
reticulum (RER). Where would you expect to find such flag if vesicles formed in the RER
deliver their content outside of the cell?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

⁰2

it Due today please help​

Answers

Answer:

1. Denitrification

Explanation:

Denitrification is the process that converts nitrate to nitrogen gas, thus removing bioavailable nitrogen and returning it to the atmosphere.

Denitrification turns Nitrate to N2 gas

Explanation:

Heparin, a highly negatively charged glycosaminoglycan, is used clinically as an anticoagulant. It acts by binding several plasma proteins, including antithrombin III, an inhibitor of blood clotting. The 1:1 binding of heparin to antithrombin III seems to cause a conformational change in the protein that greatly increases its ability to inhibit clotting. What amino acid residues of antithrombin III are likely to interact with heparin

Answers

Answer:

Positively charged amino acids

Explanation:

Heparin is an acid polysaccharide that has a strong negative charge due to the sulfate groups on its glucosamine residues. This negative charge confers to heparin anticoagulant activity. The negatively charged groups in the heparin molecule can interact with positively charged (basic) residues, such as arginine (Arg) and lysine (Lys) of plasma proteins. For example, it has been shown that lysine amino acid residues of antithrombin III may be involved in the binding with heparin.

what is the only organism that does not eat prey?

Answers

Answer:

The only organism that doesn't eat prey is prob scavengers, because scavengers eat dead organisms, so I don't rlly think dead organisms are preys :3

Explanation:

:3

The type of evolution that produced species P and H from species B:

A. divergent evolution
B. sequential evolution
C. phyletic gradualism
D. punctuated equilibrium

Answers

is Cccc grrrr ok bhshwaiiwhwvdvdve

Vascular Tissue is mostly likely to be found in the___of a plant’s shoot
- Center
- Between the center and outside
- None of these
- Outside

Answers

Vascular tissue is mostly likely to be found in the outside

Which factors in this image are biotic? Select three options.

bears
water
plants
rocks
sunlight
birds

Answers

Answer:

Bears, Birds, Plants

Explanation:

Biotic: Living things

Answer:

Explanation:

1 3 6

PLEASE HELP FAST
Which of the following are carbohydrates?

Select all that apply.

fats
glycogen
starches
sugars

Answers

Answer:

fats, starches, sugars

Carbohydrates are fats, starch, and sugars. Thus, option A, C, and D are correct.

What are Carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates is defied as that contains biomolecule that contains carbon hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 2:1.

Carbohydrates are mane source of energy of the body they work as fuel for the brain, kidneys central nervous system and heart muscle.

Cn(H2O)n is the basic formula for all carbohydrates . But this formula have limitation i.e it applies where same amount of carbon and water are use.

Initially the terms carbohydrate was used to describe compounds that have really contains carbohydrates because they had simple formula CH20.

In modern era carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their structure not on their formulae. Such as aldehydes and ketones are now known as polyhydroxy.

Therefore,carbohydrates are fats, starch, and sugars. Thus, option A, C, and D are correct.

Learn more about carbohydrates here:

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Labrador retrievers are traditionally black, brown, or yellow. The B allele codes for black fur, and the b allele codes for brown fur. The E allele allows the pigment to be deposited in the fur, while the e allele doesn't allow the pigment to be deposited. If one lab has the genotype bbee, and another lab has the genotype BbEe, what is the chance that an offspring will be brown

Answers

Answer:

25% of offspring will be brown

Explanation:

4 out of 16 of will be brown

to convert this to a percentage do:

4 ÷ 16 × 100 = 25

Punnett squares are in the image

Brown offspring are circled

____cells cannot be replaced when they are damaged.

options:

red blood
nerve

Answers

Answer:

Nerve cells

Explanation:

Nerve cells do not renew themself. Sure, they can be repaired.

Phage are viruses that must infect bacteria to reproduce. Viral genomes do not contain all the genes needed to produce all proteins necessary for DNA replication, RNA transcription, and protein translation; instead the viruses force bacterial proteins and enzymes to express phage genes instead of bacterial genes.
Phage are very adaptable, and their behavior depends on whether conditions are favorable or unfavorable for making more phage.
When bacteria are plentiful (favorable conditions), viral DNA within the bacteria remains separate from the bacterial chromosome, and the virus forces the bacteria to make more virus. When the amount of virus becomes too much for the cell to hold, the membrane ruptures, and viruses are released to infect surrounding bacteria. This is known as the lytic cycle.
When bacteria are scarce (unfavorable conditions), the viral DNA within the bacteria becomes integrated into the bacterial chromosome. The bacteria survive and are still able to reproduce; viral DNA is transmitted to daughter cells when the bacteria reproduces. This is known as the lysogenic cycle.
As you just read, phage depend on bacteria to reproduce. Phage can be maintained by infecting a culture of bacteria with a strain of phage, and then plating the bacteria on an agar plate to grow.
Suppose that you isolate two mutant strains of phage - one strain cannot enter the lytic cycle and the other strain cannot enter the lysogenic cycle. You also grow wild-type phage as a control. You see three different phenotypes:
A plate with no missing bacteria- the lawn of bacteria is intact
A plate with spots/circles (called plaques) where there are absolutely no bacteria in the circles
A plate with spots/circles (called plaques) where there are some bacteria in the center of the circles.
Based on what you know about what happens in each cycle, match the plating results with the identity of the strain.
Drag each plate into the correct category.

Answers

Answer:

A plate with no missing bacteria- the lawn of bacteria is intact----strain with lysogenic cycle.

A plate with spots/circles (called plaques) where there are absolutely no bacteria in the circles---- lytic cycle

A plate with spots/circles (called plaques) where there are some bacteria in the center of the circles----- wild type phage.

Explanation:

The strain which cannot enter the lytic cycle having no missing bacteria on the plate because the virus remains inside the bacterial cell while on the other hand, the other strain that cannot enter the lysogenic cycle having no bacteria on the circle due to infection of virus spreads throughout the cells and no bacterial cell remains uninfected. One plate having some bacteria and some space having no bacteria due to virus of wild type that shows both cycles.

HELP I DONT UNDERSTAND

Answers

4 diploid daughter cells

The first unstable compound formed during C3 cycle is:
(a) 3-carboxy,2-keto, 1,6 bi phosphorobitol
(c) 2-carboxy,3-keto,1,5 biphosphorobitol
(b) 2-carboxy,3-keto,1,5-biphosphorobitol
(d) 3-carboxy,3-keto, 1,6-biphosphorobitol​

Answers

Answer:

(b) 2-carboxy,3-keto,1,5-biphosphorobitol

Explanation:

2-carboxy, 3-keto, 1,5-biphosphorobitol is the first unstable molecule formed during the C3 cycle. Due to its instability, this molecule is quickly broken down into two molecules each containing 3 carbon atoms, called 3-phosphoglyceric acid, this breakdown is done through water in a process known as hydrolysis.

pls help on the question below

Answers

it would be #3, a turtle digging a hole to lay eggs
answer:
#3

step by step:

Which of the following conditions would activate the unfolded protein response? (check all that apply)
Group of answer choices
a. reduction in receptor-mediated endocytosis
b. synthesis of many extra secreted proteins.
c. mutation of a factor critical for degradation of proteins in the lysosome
d. mutation of a factor important for protein folding in the ER

Answers

Answer:

b. synthesis of many extra secreted proteins.

c. mutation of a factor critical for degradation of proteins in the lysosome

d. mutation of a factor important for protein folding in the ER

The conditions that would activate the unfolded protein response are:

Synthesis of many extra secreted proteins.Mutation of a factor critical for degradation of proteins in the lysosome.Mutation of a factor important for protein folding in the ER.

What do you mean by unfolded protein response?

The unfolded protein response may be defined as a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum stress. It is a mechanism through which the accumulation of misfolded protein is induced.

Unfolded protein response gats are activated when there is any mutation or alteration that takes place in the ER, and sometimes lysosomes. Because these are both organelles that mediate the protein trafficking throughout the cell.

Therefore, the conditions that would activate the unfolded protein response are statements (b), (c), and (d).

To learn more about Unfolded protein response, refer to the link:

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Solids have a definite:
a Shape
b Volume
c Arrangement of atoms, molecules
d All of the above

Answers

Answer:

d all of the above :)

Explanation:

hope this helped

Answer:

D) All of the above.

Explanation:

The Shape of a solid does not change (with exceptions), and the atoms typically remain static with little freedom of movement.

The volume of the solid also stays exactly the same if no external adjustments are made.

The arrangements of atoms & molecules are definitive and packed together, giving little movement, therefore allowing the solid to keep form.

~

Match the sensory characteristic with how it is coded by the nervous system. - Sensory modality - Location of the stimulus - Intensity of the stimulus - Duration of stimulus A. Which sensory neurons are activated B. Receptive fields C. Frequency of action potentials D. Duration of action potential train (i.e., continued firing of action potentials in sensory neurons) E. Size of action potential F. Duration of a single action potential

Answers

Answer:

a) Which sensory neurons are activated

b) Receptive fields

c) Frequency of the action potentials and size of action potential

d) Duration of action potential train and Duration of a single action potential

Explanation:

Sensory modality : The sensory modality is Which sensory neurons are activatedLocation of the stimulus : The location of the stimulus is in the Receptive fieldsIntensity of the stimulus : The Intensity of the stimulus represents the frequency of the action potentials and size of action potential Duration of stimulus : The duration of the stimulus is  Duration of action potential train and Duration of a single action potential

Fish sperm consists mostly of the male fish's DNA. If tested chemically, there would be relatively
high amounts of
A) Nitrogenous bases, sugar and phosphate groups
B) Phospholipids and steroids
C) Triglycerides and ATP
D) Amino acids and unsaturated fats

Answers

A. Nitrogenous based sugar and phosphate groups

help pleaseee

give an example of lamarcks theory of evolution:

Answers

Lamarck believed that elephants all used to have short trunks. When there was no food or water that they could reach with their short trunks, they stretched their trunks to reach the water and branches, and their offspring inherited long trunks.

what are the chances that a color blind man will have a color blind grandson what are the genotypes for all involved.

Answers

Answer:

Depends

Explanation:

It depends if the genotypes are hetero.zygous or resessive/dominant homo.zygous. Being colorblind could be represented by a resessive genotype like, bb. if their son/daughter has Bb or bb or their son/daughter in law has a resessive trait then having a color blind grandchild maybe possible. The colorblind grandson has parents that both have at least 1 resessive trait, then the grandson could not be colorblind.

What characteristic could provide a species with a better chance of surviving a drastic environmental change?

(A) A small population size

(B) A highly diversified gene pool

(C) specialized cells within the body

(D) Many individuals with the recessive trait

Answers

the answer is B


Species with a limited variety of phenotypes and where all members of the species are similar to one another have a smaller chance of coping with environmental variability compared to a species with greater diversity.

A highly diversified gene pool could provide a species with a better chance of surviving a drastic environmental change. So, the correct option is B.

What is Diversified Gene pool?

Greater genetic diversity within a population is made possible by a diverse gene pool, which raises the possibility that at least some members of the population will exhibit features that are more adapted to the new environment.

This variety can develop as a result of gene flow from other populations or mutations. The number of people having the recessive trait or a limited population size, however, would not always give an advantage in enduring environmental change. A species may have a better chance of surviving a severe environmental shift if its gene pool is extremely varied.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

Learn more about Gene pool, here:

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5. Which of the following statements is correct?

-Reabsorption of water is hormonally controlled
-Normal filtrate contains large amounts of protein
-Most of the water passing through the kidney is eliminated as urine
-The excretion of sodium ions is one of the mechanism that maintains pH balance in the blood.

Answers

Answer:

most of water passing through through the kidney is eliminated as urine

what is liver in mammalian body​

Answers

Answer: The liver is an organ only found in vertebrates which detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm.

Explanation:

What
The differee between Riversible Inhibition and
irrversibel Inhibition ​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Irreversible inhibitors usually react with the enzyme and change it chemically (e.g. via covalent bond formation)

In contrast, reversible inhibitors bind non-covalently and different types of inhibition are produced depending on whether these inhibitors bind to the enzyme, the enzyme-substrate complex, or both.

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