Translation is the process of converting information contained in RNA into a polypeptide.
Each of a cell's double strands of DNA separates into two single strands as it divides. Each of these single strands serves as a template for a new complementary DNA strand. As a result, each new cell has its own fully functional genome. This is referred to as DNA replication.
Translation is the process of converting information transmitted from DNA as messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. It is simply a conversion of one code (nucleotide sequence) to another (amino acid sequence).
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an infectious disease nurse is researching t-cells to determine which cells control replication of intracellular bacteria. which cells should the nurse begin investigating?
an infectious disease nurse is researching t-cells to determine which cells control replication of intracellular bacteria. nurse should investigate about CD8 cells
In the cytoplasm of infected cells, all viruses and some bacteria multiply. Once inside cells, these pathogens replicate and are immune-resistant. They can only be eliminated by destroying or modifying the infected cells. The cytotoxic mechanisms of CD8 T cells are required for the elimination of infected cells without destroying healthy tissue. As a result, CD8 cytotoxic T cells are crucial in controlling replicating viruses and intracellular bacteria. CD8 T lymphocytes are a critical component of the antiviral immune response. CD8 T lymphocyte effectors kill virus-infected cells and produce antiviral cytokines like interferon gamma. CD8 T lymphocytes help to resist both.
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Do you think there will be enough valuable minerals for everyone in the future? Why or why not? Which mineral do you think will be soon scarce? Explain.
Minerals are essential raw materials in our daily lives, and are vital for economic, social and technological development. For example, in the following: Agriculture: Phosphate rock, potash and lime are used in agricultural fertilisers and other mineral products are used to improve soil.
If bicoid mrna is injected at the anterior end of an egg from a bicoid mutant mother, what would the phenotype of the resulting larva be?.
The larva would be normal with a head at the posterior pole. The larva would have two heads, one at the anterior pole and one in the middle of its body.
When injected into the anterior part of bicoid-deficient embryos whose mothers lacked bicoid genes, the bicoid RNA rescued the embryos and caused them to have Abstract. The Drosophila bicoid gene functions as the organizer of the Drosophila anterior body pattern. Embryos lacking maternally expressed bicoid do not develop the anterior segments, including the head and thorax. In embryos of females with a bicoid mutation, the head and thorax are missing and replaced by a posterior telson.
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What range of tolerance is and how it impacts an ecosystem
The role of pam and ned are played by pink and blue pegs, which you can insert into the model relacars in order to help you discuss the lab with your groupmates. Which is pink and which is blue?.
Pam is blue, whereas Ned is pink.
Pam and Ned's tenants are who?White woman named Pam resides in Tobin's trailer park. She is Laura's stepmother and the mother of Bliss, Sandra, Kristen, and an unnamed baby girl. She uses crack, and so does her lover, Ned. When Pam and her family are kicked out of Tobin's trailer park, Pam is pregnant.
How did Arleen In evicted fare?Landlord expelled Arleen Bell and her boys Jori and Jafaris after learning of the damage. Arleen and her sons relocated to the Lodge, a refuge. Later, they went from house to house.
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How are the events that occur on Earths surface important within the rock cycle?
Earthquakes shake and volcanoes erupt. Sections of the crust are on the move. Mountains push up and wear down. These and many other processes contribute to the rock cycle, which makes and changes rocks on or below the Earth’s surface.
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what does the organism consume when it uses the only nitrogen source provided in the medium, and what does that do to the ph?
In synthetic media, some amino acids, purines, pyrimidines, and urea are organic sources of nitrogen. Both nitrate and ammonia serve as supplies of nitrogen for bacteria in addition to being energy sources.
Other elements that microbes need include nitrogen and phosphorus. The synthesis of proteins, amino acids, DNA, and RNA all depend on nitrogen. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are those that get nitrogen straight from the atmosphere. Ammonium sulfate and the combination of ammonium sulfate and amino acids were the most effective nitrogen sources for the rate of fermentation. The quantity of volatile chemicals created varied according to the type of nitrogen used. With the addition of nitrogen, some volatile chemicals' production rose while others decreased. Nitrogen is a substance that exists in soils, plants, the water we drink, and the air we breathe.
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some flowers have distinctive patterns that only reflect ultraviolet light and therefore are invisible to humans. which statement about such markings is not correct?
The statement that is not correct according to the statement is, the ultraviolet patterns repel birds and bats from the flowers. Correct answer: letter D.
This statement is not correct, because ultraviolet patterns are usually not visible to birds and bats. Therefore, birds and bats are not repelled by the patterns.
Ultraviolet light patterns in flowers: an exploration of their impact on the ecosystemThere are some elements of the flower that generally go unnoticed. One of these elements is the ultraviolet light that some flowers reflect. These ultraviolet light patterns can have a major impact on the ecosystem, from attracting pollinators to controlling pests.
Ultraviolet light patterns are unique to each flower, and these patterns are used to attract pollinators to flowers. Pollinating insects, such as bees, are an essential part of ecosystems, as they help many plants reproduce. Bees have ultraviolet light sensors that help them detect the ultraviolet light patterns of a flower.
Some flowers have distinctive patterns that only reflect ultraviolet light and therefore are invisible to humans. Which statement about such markings is NOT correct?
A. The ultraviolet patterns are highly visible and attractive to bees.
B. Carotenoid pigments are responsible for the ultraviolet patterns.
C. The ultraviolet patterns often form a conspicuous central bull's eye or identify the best landing sites.
D. The ultraviolet patterns repel birds and bats from the flowers.
E. Flowers with ultraviolet patterns usually appear yellow or orange to humans.
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What part of a neuron functions as the integrating center, where the membrane potential reflects the summed effect of all epsps and ipsps?.
Axon hillock is the region of the neuron that serves as the working efficiency and is where the cell membrane reflects the combined impact of all epsps and ipsps.
One postsynaptic neuron may have a cell body and dendrites that receive input from chemical synapses that have tens of thousands of cholinergic synapses.
The quantity of neurotransmitters produced by the presynaptic neuron is one of several variables that affect the size of the postsynaptic potential at any given synapse.
A postsynaptic potential acts as a graded potential, getting smaller the further away it is from the synapses. Therefore, a single EPSP is typically too tiny to cause a nerve impulse in a postsynaptic neuron by the time it reaches the axon hillock.
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All of the following statements are true. Which one statement describes the biggest impact that sickle-cell disease has over the organs and organ systems of the body?Mutated hemoglobin molecules result in misshapen red blood cells that cannot function to transport oxygen in the body.
Affected red blood cells have abnormal shapes and are unable to carry oxygen throughout the body because of mutated hemoglobin molecules describes the biggest impact that sickle-cell disease has on the organs and organ systems of the body.
The disease sickle cell affects every major organ. The abnormal functioning of sickle cells and their inability to properly flow through the small blood vessels can cause harm to the liver, heart, kidneys, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and joints. There could be a number of issues, such as infection rates that are up. Red blood cells that are produced by people who have sickle cell disease are peculiarly shaped and can block blood vessels in addition to having a shorter lifespan than healthy blood cells. Despite the fact that treatment can often help manage the symptoms, sickle cell disease is a serious and lifelong health condition.
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What do you think would happen to the population of zebras if there was a severe drought?
Answer:Lower
Explanation: no food or water
a. moves water and solutes from the renal tubules into the peritubular capillaries b. is called secretion c. is called reabsorption d. occurs as water and solutes move from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule.
The correct answer is B) occurs as water and solutes move from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule.
Urine is a waste byproduct formed from excess water and metabolic waste molecules during the process of renal system filtration. The primary function of the renal system is to regulate blood volume and plasma osmolarity, and waste removal via urine is essentially a convenient way that the body performs many functions using one process.
Filtration involves the transfer of soluble components, such as water and waste, from the blood into the glomerulus. Reabsorption involves the absorption of molecules, ions, and water that are necessary for the body to maintain homeostasis from the glomerular filtrate back into the blood.
The full question is:
The first step in urine production
A) is called reabsorption.
B) occurs as water and solutes move from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule.
C) moves water and solutes into the peritubular capillaries from the renal tubules.
D) moves water and solutes from the renal tubules into the peritubular capillaries.
E) is called secretion
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According to anchoring effects, our brains usually use the first piece of info we learn about the value of something to establish a _____ from which to begin negotiations.
According to anchoring effects, our brains often create a starting point for negotiations from the first piece of information we hear about something's value.
The anchoring effect refers to the propensity for people to base their judgments significantly on the initial piece of data they learn. The anchoring effect is an example of cognitive bias, a form of deliberate thinking error that impairs judgment and decision-making.
When you concentrate on one particular piece of data when making a choice or finding a solution to a problem, you develop an anchoring bias, which is a flawed heuristic. Due to improper changes from an initial number, people produce erroneous final estimations.
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If whales evolved from land-dwelling mammals, one would expect the fossil record to include intermediate forms, creatures more whale-like than land-dwelling mammals yet still possessing hind limbs and a pelvis lacking in modern whales. Such intermediates are termed __________.
The intermediate species that exist between two species provide support for ideas of evolution.
How did land mammals give rise to whales?The hypothesis held that some land-dwelling ungulates preferred to graze on vegetation close to water, which provided the added benefit of enabling them to quickly elude predators in shallow water. Because they spent more and more time in the water over time, their descendants' bodies acquired the ability to swim.
What has whale evolution looked like?Whale evolution or whale origin. Long after the dinosaurs went extinct but well before the emergence of the first humans, the first whales appeared 50 million years ago. Most likely, an ancient artiodactyl was their ancestor.
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two species of antelope ground squirrels live on the two sides of the grand canyon. they are hypothesized to descend from a common ancestor species, populations of which were separated as the canyon formed. if this hypothesis is correct, it would be an example of:
common ancestor species, populations of which were separated as the canyon formed. if this hypothesis is correct, it would be an example of Allopatric speciation by Vicariance
The process through which new species develop from an existing species is known as speciation.
Allopatric speciation, sympatric speciation, and parapatric speciation are three broad categories of speciation.
When groups of individuals from a given population are divided by a physical barrier, such as a mountain, river, etc., allopatric speciation occurs.
When a group of individuals from the same species fill distinct niches in the same habitat, parapatric speciation occurs, leading to the emergence of novel characteristics.
When members of a population fail to identify one another as possible partners, sympatric speciation results.
The Grand Canyon, a physical barrier, kept the antelope ground squirrels apart in the situation at hand.
Once more, the Grand Canyon, not population migration to a divergent location, caused the population to split.
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Suppose that for a certain gene, nearly 100 percent of the normal level of expression is required to produce the normal phenotype.Based on this requirement, one could predict that a _______ mutation would be _______.A) gain of function; recessiveB) loss of function; dominantC) loss of function; recessiveD) nonsense; recessiveE) loss of function; a conditional mutation
For a certain gene, nearly 100 percent of the normal level of expression is required to produce the normal phenotype, we predict loss of function mutation would be dominant . So, option B is correct.
Gene regulation is fundamental for infections, prokaryotes and eukaryotes as it expands the flexibility and versatility of a creature by permitting the cell to communicate protein when required
Guideline of gene expression, or quality regulation,[1] incorporates a great many instruments that are utilized by cells to increment or diminishing the development of explicit quality items (protein or RNA). Refined projects of quality articulation are broadly seen in science, for instance to set off formative pathways, answer ecological upgrades, or adjust to new food sources.
Practically any step of gene expression can be regulated, from transcriptional commencement, to RNA handling, and to the post-translational change of a protein. Frequently, one quality controller controls another, etc, in a quality administrative organization.
Hence, option B is correct.
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describe the mechanism by which atp synthase makes atp. when the beta subunit is in the loose conformation, it may contain atp.
ADP and phosphate are converted into ATP by the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner membrane.
caused by an electron transfer from the chemically positive to the negative side of a proton, which creates a gradient.
ADP and Pi substrates can be loosely bound in the LOOSE conformation, but ATP catalysis cannot start until the beta subunit switches to the TIGHT conformation. ADP + Pi ---> ATP is produced by the TIGHT conformation, however it is unable to release this catalytic product.
The membrane-bound ATP synthase complex's alpha- and beta-subunits bind ATP and ADP; beta contributes to catalytic sites, and alpha may be involved in controlling ATP synthase activity. The beta-subunit sequences are substantially conserved in
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which is a limitation associated with the use of traditional anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) agents that are used to treat both amd and dme
Current anti-VEGF medications have a big limitation that they are not durable, need regular injections to maintain low VEGF levels in the eye.
What is Vabysmo used for?On January 28, the U.S. Food and Pharmacological Administration (FDA) granted approval to a potential new drug therapy for patients with either neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) or diabetic macular edoema (DME). This news has given millions of Americans fresh hope.
The first injectable medication, Vabysmo, formerly known as faricimab-svoa, targets both eye disorders at once.
Additionally, it is the first to use two different therapy paths to combat the disorders.
The macula, the core region of the retina that provides the clearest straight-ahead vision, is susceptible to fluid leakage in both nAMD and DME due to weak arteries.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are two proteins that, by means of various pathways, contribute to blood vessel instability, inflammation, and fluid leakage into the macula. Vabysmo successfully neutralizes these two proteins.
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What parts of the brain ultimately plan and coordinate complex motor activities?.
In the end, complicated motor processes are planned and coordinated by brain regions in the cerebellum.
What areas of the brain eventually organize and plan complicated motor behaviors?Complex motor processes are planned and coordinated by the cerebellum and basal nuclei, which together make up the precommand level of motor control. Identify the parts of a reflex arc and the differences between somatic and autonomic responses.
What part of the brain controls how precisely movement begins and ends?The motor cortex is one of the parts of the brain that controls these voluntary movements the most. The motor cortex is situated just before the central sulcus (furrow) that divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe in the back of the frontal lobe.
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What is the purpose of the appeal in this passage? to show that nature can be humorous and entertaining to evoke sympathy for the animals by showing their perspective to emphasize that both animals and people need darkness to navigate to establish laduke as an expert on the biological needs of animals.
The purpose of this passage's appeal is to arouse empathy for the tree using powerful words and images.
What methods does the poet use to develop the theme of the poem?In poetry, the theme is frequently developed through specifics, organization, and word choice. When analyzing a poem to identify the theme, take into account the following inquiries concerning each. Events, people, dialogue, and narration are all details.
How would you phrase a paragraph's main points?You must carefully read a piece to identify the major concepts and supplementary thoughts before summarizing. Then, in a few phrases or a paragraph, you must succinctly write down those concepts. It's critical to recognize the distinction between a summary and a paraphrase.
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Question
What is the purpose of the appeal in this passage?
A. to show that nature can be humorous and entertaining
B. to evoke sympathy for the animals by showing their perspective
C. to emphasize that both animals and people need darkness to navigate
D. to establish LaDuke as an expert on the biological needs of animals
Answer:
To Evoke sympathy for the animal by showing their perspective
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a crustacean increasing the amount of oxygen binding pigment in its blood in response to low oxygen in the environment is an example of: group of answer choices a genotypic change a phenotypic change an evolutionarily stable strategy a co-dependency
A crab responding to low oxygen levels in the environment by increasing the quantity of oxygen-binding pigment in its blood is an example of a phenotypic change.
The correct option is b.
Hemoglobins, hemerythrins, and hemocyanins are the three categories of oxygen-transporting proteins that may be separated in nature based on the active site.
In reaction to low oxygen levels in the environment, a crab increases the quantity of oxygen-binding pigment in its blood. This cannot occur unexpectedly. It is a change in phenotype.
A cell or organism can change from one phenotype to another, or two cells or organisms might exhibit distinct phenotypes despite having the same genotype. This process is known as phenotypic change.
Because phenotypic variations may result from changes in the long-term programming of gene activity rather than variation in gene sequences per se, studies of the foundation for inter-individual phenotypic variability should consider epigenetic variants in addition to genetic sequence polymorphisms.
The complete question is:
A crustacean increasing the amount of oxygen binding pigment in its blood in response to low oxygen in the environment is an example of:
group of answer choices
a. a genotypic change
b. a phenotypic change
c. an evolutionarily stable strategy
d. a co-dependency
e. an adaptation
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the presence of neandertal dna in modern human genomes suggests our ancestors interbred. how was this thought to have occurred?
However, research has shown that modern humans overlapped with the Neanderthal and Denisovan populations over a period, and that they had children together (interbreeding).
As a result, many people living today have a small amount of genetic material from these distant ancestors. The first conclusive evidence that humans and Neanderthals mated came from the analysis of a draft Neanderthal genome, largely obtained from remains found in Croatia. As a result of these encounters, humans from outside of Africa carry traces of Neanderthal DNA, around 1% to 2% of their genomes. Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans overlapped geographically over a period of more than 30,000 years after human migration out of Africa. During this period, Neanderthals and humans interbred, as evidenced by the Neanderthal portions of the genome carried by non-African individuals today. The researchers estimate that much of the Neanderthal DNA in modern human genomes came from interbreeding events that took place around 50,000 to 55,000 years ago. in the Middle East. Thousands of years later, humans moving into East Asia interbred with the Denisovans.
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To cells that are defective in primer removal, you add fluorescent ribonucleotides when the cells are undergoing DNA replication. In this case, you observe that one strand glows more than the other not only near the replication fork but also at intervals along its length. Which strand glows in this way and why?
a. The lagging strand glows in this way because it is synthesized continuously.
b. The leading strand glows in this way because it is synthesized continuously.
c. The leading strand glows in this way because it is synthesized discontinuously.
d. The lagging strand glows in this way because its RNA primers are required for each Okazaki fragment.
The reason the lagging strand lights in this manner is because each Okazaki fragment requires its RNA primers.
what is Lagging strand ?
A single DNA strand called as the lagging strand is replicated in the 5′ - 3′ direction during DNA replication (opposite direction to the replication fork). The lagging strand undergoes periodic infusions of DNA known as "okazaki fragments."
What do you understand DNA synthesis?
DNA replication is the process by which cells obtain a copy of the genome's DNA. A cell must first copy (or reproduce) its entire genome to be able to divide, ensuring that each daughter cell has a complete genome during split.
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the process in which swollen starch granules rupture causing the amylose to leak and thicken a cooking liquid is called .
The process of gelatinisation occurs when starch granules are heated in a liquid, causing them to swell and burst, which results in the liquid thickening. [Note that gelatinisation is different from gelation which is the removal of heat, such as ice cream is set when it is frozen.]
The disorganization of the starch granule's molecular arrangement is known as starch gelatinization. As a result, the granules enlarge, crystallites melt, birefringence is lost, viscosity is developed, and solubilization occurs. To investigate starch gelatinization, several analytical methods have been used.Long, interconnected strands of sugar molecules provide the structure of starch. Plants use starch primarily to aid with energy storage. Starch is a source of sugar in an animal's diet. Animals employ the amylase enzyme, which is found in saliva and the pancreas and breaks down starch for energy.
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3) Most biological macromolecules are polymers that are made up of many smaller subunits
called
monosaccharides.
O True
O False
Answer:
actually it depends on the type of polymer it is, a monosaccharide is the sub-unit of polysaccharides(sugars) only like wise to a peptide being the sub-unit of a polypeptide(protein).
so in this case the statement should be false due to the amount of ambiguity.
There are three factors that are primarily responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential. This electrical polarization would be disrupted by.
tbe mopvement of a drug through the tissues and cells of trhe body, including the processes of absorption, distribution, and localization in tissues; biotransformation, and excretion by mechanical or chemical means is called
The movement of a drug through the tissue and cells of the body, including the processes of absorption, distribution, and localization and tissues; biotransformation; and excretion by mechanical or chemical means is called Pharmacokinetics.
Drug activity in the body over time, including the processes by which drugs are absorbed, distributed throughout the body, localized in tissues, and excreted. Consider pharmacokinetics to be a drug's journey through the body, which includes four distinct phases: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME).
Pharmacokinetics is defined as "what the body does to the drug." The intensity of a drug effect in relation to its concentration in a body fluid, usually at the site of drug action, is described by pharmacodynamics. It can be boiled down to 'what the drug does to the body.' Digoxin is an example of a drug that is well described by two- compartment pharmacokinetics, particularly when administered intravenously.
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you analyze a dna sample and find that its base composition is 30 % a, 20 % t, 30 % g, and 20 % c. what can you conclude about the structure of this dna?
The given DNA stand is a single stranded in place of a double strand as the correseponding base pairs are not equal to each other.
A does not equal T, and G does not equal C, this cannot be a double-stranded DNA molecule. It must therefore be a single-stranded DNA. The pairing of bases occurs in both RNA and DNA molecules. The bases that are present in DNA molecules are guanine, adenine, cytosine, and thymine while the bases that are present in RNA molecules are adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine. In a DNA molecule, the pairing is done in a way that A is always paired with T, while G is paired with C and in RNA the base T is replaced by U.
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when i attended the aquarium’s camp, i had a pleasant time studying nocturnal sea animals like the squirrelfish. which word should be replaced with a more precise word? marine pleasant nocturnal squirrelfish
when i attended the aquarium’s camp, i had a pleasant time studying nocturnal sea animals like the squirrelfish. the word should be replaced with a more precise word marine pleasant nocturnal squirrelfish The term "nice" should be changed to something more explicit.
It should be emphasised that a definition only refers to a word's potential uses and its meaning. In this aquarium’s camp, instance, pleasant will be the term that needs to be changed for one that is more precise.The word pleasant is quite ambiguous and imprecise, much like the word intriguing, even though this does not appear in the text. I'm not sure if this is a multiple choice question or not. The term pleasant doesn't sound very concrete or descriptive because the author is talking about an academic experience, which is undoubtedly equally enjoyable, and because he or she has used more specific and technical words, like nocturnal marine animals and squirrelfish. Other words like fascinating, enriching, or eye-opening may have been used instead.
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The mitotic spindle is part of a cell that allows for the movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell during the later stages of mitosis. Which problem would most likely occur if the mitotic spindle stopped functioning in a cell?
Newly produced cells would be twice their normal size.