Answer:
1. Reduce the misuse of land.
2. Reduce climate change.
3. Reduce invasive species.
How can we determine the population of soil?
Answer:
by the depth of the soil
HELP!!!!!!!!!!!
Which are considered two of the special properties that are used to identify certain minerals?
O hardness and luster
O magnetism and fluorescence
O streak and color
O cleavage and fracture
Answer:
The answer is
2. magnetism and fluorescence
Explanation:
The other properties mentioned are common properties that are used to identify all minerals. As you can see, hardness, color and fracture are common properties that cut across all minerals. Magnetism and fluorescence however, are not very common and are found in only a few special minerals. That is why they are considered special properties.
Hope this helps!
magnetism and fluorescence are considered two of the special properties that are used to identify certain minerals. Thus option B is correct.
what are the properties to identify an object ?
Minerals are the chemical compound which has a well -defined composition and a specific crystal structure and occurs naturally in the pure form.
If a compound occurs naturally in different crystal form then it is referred as a different mineral. The chemical composition of a mineral varies depending on the presence of small impurities which are present in small quantities.
Some minerals can have variable proportions of two or more chemical elements which occupy equivalent position in the crystal structure; it has variable composition which is split into separate species.
minerals include color, streak, luster, specific gravity and cleavage as their physical properties, shows no magnetism. Basically magnetism is the physical property of the minerals, magnetism does not have these elements. thus, have no magnetism called diamagnetic. Examples of diamagnetic are quartz, apatite and calcite.
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A farmer plants Bt cotton that is genetically modified to produce its own insecticide. Of the cotton bollworms feeding on these Bt plants, only 5% survive unless they have at least one copy of the dominant resistance allele R that confers resistance to the Bt insecticide. When the farmer first plants Bt cotton, the frequency of the R allele in the cotton bollworm population is 0.01. What will the frequency of the resistance allele be after one generation of cotton bollworms fed on Bt cotton [answer]
Answer:
the frequency of the resistant allele after one generation is 0.989
Explanation:
Given that :
A farmer plants Bt cotton that is genetically modified to produce its own insecticide.
Of the cotton bollworms feeding on these Bt plants, only 5% survive
i.e the survival rate s = 5% =0.05
unless they have at least one copy of the dominant resistance allele R that confers resistance to the Bt insecticide
Frequency of R allele = 0.01
In order to determine what will the frequency of the resistance allele be after one generation of cotton bollworms fed on Bt cotton; we need to first determine the frequency of the recessive allele r.
According to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium ;
p+q = 1
Let p = R and q = r
R + r = 1
0.01 + r = 1
r = 1 - 0.01
r = 0.99
Now; the frequency of the resistance allele after one generation can be calculated as :
[tex]q' = \dfrac{q(1-sq)}{1-(sq^2)}[/tex]
where ;
q' = R
q = r
[tex]q' = \dfrac{0.99(1-(0.05 \times 0.99))}{1-(0.05 \times 0.99^2)}[/tex]
[tex]q' = \dfrac{0.99(0.9505)}{1-(0.049005)}[/tex]
[tex]q' = \dfrac{0.940995}{0.950995}[/tex]
q' = 0.989
Thus; the frequency of the resistant allele after one generation is 0.989
what are the 4 phases of mitosos
Answer:
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Explanation:
A particular protein (Vac8) found in yeast has this N-terminal sequence, Met-Gly-Ser-Ser-Cys.... The corresponding DNA sequence in the coding strand is 5' ATG GGC TCA TCG TGC.... If the DNA sequence is mutated to 5' CTG GGC TCA TCG TGC..., what will happen to this VAC8 gene? (in RNA, CUG codes for Leu)
Answer:
The protein will not be synthesized because this point mutation produces the loss of the start codon (substitution of Met by Leu).
Explanation:
The mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that have diverse effects on protein synthesis. A mutation in the start AUG codon may lead to the reduction and even the elimination of protein synthesis. In consequence, this type of point mutation is usually referred to as 'start-loss mutation'.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate wods.
1. A process called__________ helps to propel first the bolus and then chyme forward through the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
2. Nutrients are absorbed through the lining of the small intestine via a variety of mechanisms. Most nutrients require______________ , where a specific carrier protein is utilized, but no energy is required.
3. Some smaller molecules can cross via_____________ , Like with facilitated diffusion, no energy is required because the concentration of a nutrient is higher inside the GI tract than in the enterocyte. Unlike with facilitated diffusion, however, no ____________ is needed.
4. Nutrients like glucose and amino acids are absorbed through ______________ , which requires both a carrier protein and energy in the form of ATP.
5. A fourth method is called _____________ , which involves a vesicle that forms from the enterocyte's cell membrane, engulfing the nutrient and then drawing the nutrient into the cell.
6. Once absorbed, water-soluble nutrients like carbohydrates and amino acids enter capillaries and travel to the liver via the ___________ .
7. Fat-soluble nutrients initially travel via the _____________ before entering the bloodstream.
8. Most water is absorbed in the _____________ , and solid waste is then eliminated.
a. Large intestine
b. Peristalsis
c. Passive diffusion
d. Carrier protein
e. Active transport
f. Facilitated diffusion
g. Endocytosis
h. Lymphatic system
i. Hepatic portal vein
Answer:
1. b. Peristalsis
2. c. Passive diffusion
3. Facilitated diffusion, d. Carrier protein
4. e. Active transport
5. g. Endocytosis
6. i. Hepatic portal vein
7. h. Lymphatic system
8. a. Large intestine
Explanation:
1. peristalsis helps to propel first the bolus and then chyme forward through the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
2. Nutrients are absorbed through the lining of the small intestine via a variety of mechanisms. Most nutrients require passive diffusion, where a specific carrier protein is utilized, but no energy is required.
3. Some smaller molecules can cross via facilitated diffusion Like with facilitated diffusion, no energy is required because the concentration of a nutrient is higher inside the GI tract than in the enterocyte. Unlike with facilitated diffusion, however, no carrier protein is needed.
4. Nutrients like glucose and amino acids are absorbed through active transport which requires both a carrier protein and energy in the form of ATP.
5. A fourth method is called endocytosis which involves a vesicle that forms from the enterocyte's cell membrane, engulfing the nutrient and then drawing the nutrient into the cell.
6. Once absorbed, water-soluble nutrients like carbohydrates and amino acids enter capillaries and travel to the liver via the hepatic system
7. The lymphatic system helps in traveling of the Fat-soluble nutrients initially, before entering the bloodstream.
8. Most water is absorbed and solid waste is then eliminated. in the large intestine
1. You are given a 1 gram soil sample of unknown bacterial load. After doing 10-fold serial dilutions of the soil in sterile water, 100 uL volumes are taken from each dilution for preparation of pour plates. Following incubation, each half of the 10-8 plate has 46 colonies.
a) What was the dilution factor?
b) How many bacteria were present in the soil?
2. Staphylococcus aureus divides every 20 minutes. A culture begins with 10 bacterial cells.
a) After 5 hours, how many generations have occurred
b) After 5 hours, how many bacteria are present?
3. How many milliliters would you need to prepare a 10-2 dilution from a 10ml starting culture?
Answer:
1a. 1:10
1b. 4.6×10¹³
2a. 15generations
2b. 327,680
Explanation:
10 fold serial dilution means 1ml of stock is mixed in 9ml distilled water. This is called as 10⁻¹ solution.
In this way, take 1ml each of every dilution and mix in 9ml distilled water to make 10⁻², 10⁻²-------10⁻⁸ dilutions.
Now, CFU/ml = no. of colonies × dilution factor/ volume of sample plated.
Question 11 (5 points)
Which of the follow best decribes the function of a ligament?
Connect muscles to other muscles
Connect muscles to the nervous system
Connect bones to other bones
Connect muscles to bones
Answer:
Connects Bones to other Bones.
Explanation:
A ligament is a tissue that connects two bones together to form a joint.
Answer:
connect bones to other bones
Explanation:
Ligaments connect bones to other bones. Tendons connect bones to muscles.
About 16% of the world's total oil output:
A) comes from offshore drilling
B) is made by the United States
C) is mined deep beyond the continental shelf
D) comes from oil rigs in the Atlantic Ocean
Answer:
The answer is A, It comes from offshore drilling.
Explanation:
Cause i got it right.
The famous experiment of Ivan Pavlov where he researched dogs and their responses to stimuli was designed to evaluate this type of learning.
Question 23 options:
Insight
Imprinting
Classical conditioning
Trial-and-error
Answer:
Classical conditioning
Explanation:
Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning is conducted on living organisms to make them associate one or more actions to a given (often familiar) stimulus or stimuli. Ivan Pavlov, in his experiment, trained a dog to associate an action, salivating for food, with the sound of a metronome.
Answer:
Classical conditioning
Explanation:
Ivan Pavlov researched classical conditioning and played a sound for dogs before feeding. The dogs became conditioned to receiving food after the bell. Once the dogs were trained, whenever they heard the bell, they began drooling in expectation of food.
"During the process of nerve impulse transmission, when sodium flows into the neuron, its cell membrane is"
Answer:
The neuron cell membrane is partially permeable to sodium ions, so sodium atoms slowly leak into the neuron through sodium leakage channels. The cell wants to maintain a negative resting membrane potential, so it has a pump that pumps potassium back into the cell and pumps sodium out of the cell at the same time.
During the process of nerve impulse transmission, when sodium flows into the neuron, its cell membrane is depolarized.
The nerve impulse is an electrical impulse, so that the electrical impulse is transmitted, the positive sodium ions that are present outside the neuron in a state of rest must pass through the cell membrane.
In a state of rest, the interior of the neuron has a negative electrical charge (repolarized membrane).
When positive sodium ions enter the neuron, they change the internal charge from negative to positive (depolarized membrane).
This increase is due to the constant number of sodium ions, positively charged, inside the membrane of the neuron.
This depolarization is the first step in the generation of an action potential, that is, the emission of a message.
In other words, it is the part of the process that causes an electrical signal to be released, which will end up traveling through the neuron to cause the transmission of information through the nervous system.
Therefore, we can conclude that during the process of nerve impulse transmission, when sodium flows into the neuron, its cell membrane is depolarized.
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Why is the "dorsal-ventral" axis not synonymous with the "posterior-anterior" axis in the whole human nervous system?
Answer:
The ventral side is towards the belly side
The Dorsal side is back to the belly side
Anterior is Before the belly side
Posterior is after or coming after to the belly side.
Explanation:
The ventral side is associated with the animal or a person belly side which related to the organism digestion and respiratory organs.
The anterior is the before or in front of side position which is associated with the front line of an organism.
The posterior side is related to the after side or it is opposite to the anterior position of an organism.
It is depend on the organism position, that these sides are related to each other in some instances. In some cases these are orthogonal in some times.
The central (Haversian) canal that runs through the core of each osteon is the site of ________. adipose tissue and nerve fibers cartilage and interstitial lamellae blood vessels yellow marrow and spicules
Answer:
Blood vessels and nerve fibers
Explanation:
The Haversian canal serves as the bone tissues and it runs through the core of each osteon. The osteon surrounds the Haversian canal and contain structures called lamellae.
These lamella are made largely of collagen fibers and also various network of rich blood vessels and cells which produces blood cells in the body. Nerve cells which helps in the relay of impulses are also present. The rich contents of the bone gives it its strength and durability.
Answer:
The correct answer is: blood vessels and nerve fibers.
Explanation:
Haversian Canals are a group of tubes that are located in the more peripheral region of the bone, known as the cortical bone. The cortical bone is hard and compact and is composed of several concentric layers of bone cells (osteocytes and osteoblasts) that circle around a haversian canal, which contains capillaries and nerve fibers. This structure is called an osteon.
Haversian Canals are very important for the correct functioning of the bone, as they give the cells their needed blood supply and innervation.
This requires you to use all the things we have learned in this chapter. 1.55 grams of Carbon disulfide
is added to 2.83 grams of Oxygen to form Carbon dioxide and Sulfur dioxide. If the reaction yields
1.1 grams of the Sulfur dioxide what was the percent yield?
27%
14%
Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο
74%
42%
O 63%
Answer: The percent yield is, 42%
Explanation:
To calculate the moles :
[tex]\text{Moles of solute}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of carbon disulphide}=\frac{1.55g}{76g/mol}=0.020moles[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of oxygen}=\frac{2.83g}{32g/mol}=0.088moles[/tex]
The balanced chemical reaction is:
[tex]CS_2+3O_2(g)\rightarrow CO_2+2SO_2[/tex]
According to stoichiometry :
1 moles of [tex]CS_2[/tex] require = 3 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]
Thus 0.020 moles of [tex]CS_2[/tex] will require=[tex]\frac{3}{1}\times 0.020=0.060moles[/tex] of [tex]O_2[/tex]
Thus [tex]CS_2[/tex] is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product and [tex]O_2[/tex] is the excess reagent.
As 1 mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] give = 2 moles of [tex]SO_2[/tex]
Thus 0.020 moles of [tex]CS_2[/tex] give =[tex]\frac{2}{1}\times 0.020=0.040moles[/tex] of [tex]SO_2[/tex]
Theoretical mass of [tex]SO_2=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.040moles\times 64g/mol=2.56g[/tex]
Actual mass of [tex]SO_2[/tex] = 1.1 g
Now we have to calculate the percent yield
[tex]\%\text{ yield}=\frac{\text{Actual yield }}{\text{Theoretical yield}}\times 100=\frac{1.1g}{2.56g}\times 100=42\%[/tex]
Therefore, the percent yield is, 42%
avier stepped on a splinter while walking barefoot. The splinter pierced deep into his foot and caused a great amount of pain. What is the appropriate pathway of pain sensation from the spinal cord into the brain
Answer:
Answered below
Explanation:
On piercing his foot, the pain receptors called nociceptors, found in the skin, are activated. Nociceptors exist at the nerve endings of the primary afferent neurons. Signals travel along the first order neurons which have cell bodies within the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord. In the dorsal root ganglia, the signals are taken up at the synapse with the second order neurons which have cell bodies in the nuclei of the cranial nerves within the brainstem. These neurons ascend cranially in the spinothalamic tract to the thalamus. The third order neurons lie within the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus. They terminate at the somatosensory cortex where the signals are being processed and returned as a sensation of pain.
At your laboratory you are observing skin cells labeled 'defective' to determine what is wrong with them. After careful observation you notice that the cytoskeleton is there, but the cell is still having trouble maintaining its shape. Infer what could be damaged.
A. Cell wall
B. Capsule
C. Cilia
D. Actin filaments
Answer:
D. Actin Filaments
Explanation:
Actin filaments are part of cytoskeleton and they are the central key player in maintaining cell shape and movement. So my guess is that since cytoskeleton is present, there is something likely wrong with the actin filament.
Even in the presence of the cytoskeleton, the shape is not maintained in the cell due to the damaged actin filaments. Thus, option D is correct.
What are actin filaments?Actin filaments are the part of the cytoskeleton that forms bundles and meshworks to provide the cell shape and structure. They are the central part of the cell shape and motion.
As the cytoskeleton is present then, there is the possibility that the actin filaments of the cells are damaged so that the cell is not able to maintain the cell shape.
Cell wall, capsules, and cilia have no role in the animal cell like the skin cells to maintain the cell shape as animal lacks cell wall in the structure and are not involved in providing cell shape.
Therefore, the actin filament is damaged.
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what is cellular affinity in biology?
Answer:
affinity. Attraction between particles. Biology: A measure of the attraction of one biological molecule toward another molecule, either to modify it, destroy it, or form a compound with it. Examples are enzymes and their substrates, or antibodies and their antigens.
DNA damage checkpoints are crucial for preventing cell proliferation when DNA damage has occurred. The role of DNA checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle is closely tied to the roles of DNA repair enzymes, although these proteins perform different functions.1. Which of the following statements is true for DNA checkpoint proteins and not for DNA repair enzymes? a. These proteins remove a single nucleotide of damaged DNA. b. These proteins nick the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged DNA. c. These proteins prevent the cell cycle from progressing if damaged DNA is detected. d. These proteins remove the region of damaged DNA. 2. Which cell cycle phases contain critical DNA damage checkpoints?a. Gob. G1c. G2d. M
Answer:
1. C. These proteins prevent the cell cycle from progressing if damaged DNA is detected.
2. C. G2
Explanation:
1. All other choices apply uniquely to DNA repair enzymes (i.e. not to DNA checkpoint proteins).
2. Go doesn't contain any critical DNA damage checkpts. because it's not even an official part of the cell cycle; it's simply a phase in which cells are arrested. G1 doesn't contain any critical DNA damage checkpts. because it's before DNA is replicated. G2 is right after S phase when the DNA is replicated; thus, it contains critical DNA damage checkpts.
Exchange of respiratory gases takes place in an earthworm through (A) moist skin (B) gills (C) trachea (D) lungs
The lungs is the answer
Explanation
Earthworms do not have specialized respiratory organs like we do; instead, they take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide directly through their skin. Oxygen diffuses through the earthworm's body surface and diffuses inward to the network of capillaries lying just under the body surface.
Answer:
I believe skin is the answer on edg.
Explanation:
Antimicrobial peptides can do all of the following except:_________A) regulate body temperature.B) target intracellular components.C) insert themselves into target cell membranes.D) disrupt plasma membrane and/or cell wall.E) stimulate leukocytes.
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
Antimicrobial peptides cannot regulate body temperature. They can do all of the rest.
=> target intra cellular components.
=> insert themselves into target cell membranes.
=> disrupt plasma membrane and/or cell wall.
=> stimulate leukocytes.
Identify the statements that accurately describe how hydrogen ion concentration relates to energy production in oxidative phosphorylation. The pH in the intermembrane space is higher than the pH in the mitochondrial matrix. Oxidative phosphorylation relies on the hydrogen ion concentration gradient generated and maintained by the electron transport chain. Hydrogen ions are actively transported out of the mitochondrial matrix. Hydrogen ion concentration is higher in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix. Energy is generated as a result of the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytoplasm.
Oxidative phosphorylation relies on the hydrogen ion concentration gradient generated and maintained by the electron transport chain.
Hydrogen ions are actively transported out of the mitochondrial matrix.
Hydrogen ion concentration is higher in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix.
What is the ecological relationship between the monk seal and the octopus/eel/triggerfish?
Answer:
The monk seal and the octopus/eel/triggerfish also live in close proximity to each other and have an ecological relationship between them. The monk seals are the predators to octopus/eel/triggerfish in the ocean.
The monk seal preys on octopus/eel/triggerfish in the ocean for their survival and competes with sharks and other marine animals for food.
Hence, the monk seal and the octopus/eel/triggerfish have ecological relationship of the predation in which one animal feed on another.
The ecological relationship between the monk seal and the octopus/eel/triggerfish - predator and prey.
The monk seals are seals with no ear and are found in the tropic climate.
These are the organisms that are live in close proximity to the octopus/eel/triggerfish.The seals are the predators to eels, triggerfish and octopuses at the bottoms of the ocean floor.Sharks are present in the same habitat and feed on the same organisms so they are in competition.Thus, the ecological relationship between the monk seal and the octopus/eel/triggerfish - predator and prey.
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Which structure is represented by the X?
Answer:
May be trachea
Explanation:
Which combination forms a covalent bond?
A. Two carbon atoms
B. Two oxygen molecules
C. Two water molecules
D. Two sodium atoms
SUSMIT
!!!
Answer:
A. Two carbon atoms
Explanation:
We know that covalent bond occurs when there are two non - metallic atoms and carbon atoms are non-metallic so it is the answer.
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Bile is formed by
a. sinusoidal endothelium
b. stromal cells
c. lymphocytes
d. (von) kupffer cells
e. hepatic cells (hepaticytes)
Answer:
E. hepatic cells (hepatocytes)
Explanation:
These cells are the ones that secrete bile acids, rest do not match the given description
These cells make up about ~70-80% of liver mass and are primary authority at producing bile for the body
Answer:
Bile is formed from (con) kupffer cells
Question 22 (5 points)
The major difference between B cells and T cells is that
T cells do not produce antibodies.
B cells do not produce antibodies.
B cells always circulate in the blood stream.
T cells always circulate in the blood stream.
Answer:
B cells always circulate in the blood stream
Explanation:
just took test pf.
Protein is needed for growth and repair.
The digestion of protein begins in the stomach and is completed in the small intestine,
What are the products of the digestion of protein.
Tick the correct box
amino acids
energy
sugars
vitamins
1 mark
Amino acids
O Energy
O Sugars
Vitamins
Answer:
Amino acids
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
Which word identifies the hanging icicle-shaped formations in caves that are created by deposition?
Answer:
Stalactites
Explanation:
A stalactite is a type of formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or manmade structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble, can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite.
Answer:the answer is,
Stalactites
Explanation:
I just took the test
How did the death of chestnut tree result in the growth of the ecosystem
Answer:
add nutrients to the soil.
Explanation:
The death of chestnut tree result in the growth of the ecosystem because when the chestnut tree dies, the decomposers such as fungi and bacteria start feeding on the dead tree and as a result nitrogenous waste is produced mixed with soil which is the essential nutrient for the plants. These nitrogenous waste is used by the plants to make amino acids and as a result the growth of an ecosystem occurs.
The Punnett square shows the results when two parent cows are crossed.
R represents the allele for red hair, and r represents the allele for white hair.
Which best describes this inheritance pattern?
A) Incomplete dominance because the intermediate form of the trait is chosen
B) Co-dominance because the intermediate form of the trait is chosen C) Incomplete dominance because the offspring display alleles for both hair colors
D) Co-dominance because the offspring display alleles for both hair colors
Answer:
A
Explanation
the red haired trait is dominant over the white haired trait. and the results are all red haired offspring. therefore its incomplete dominance
The correct option is D) Co-dominance because the offspring display alleles for both hair colors.
What is Co-dominance?Co-dominance refers to a phenomena, in which both alleles are simultaneously expressed in the heterozygote.
Incomplete dominance is closely related to Co-dominance in which phenotype of the progeny is intermediate of the parent phenotype.
Here, the red haired trait is dominant over the white haired trait and still both alleles are simultaneously expressed in the heterozygote of the offspring with red and white hair traits, thus, the Co-dominance best describes this inheritance pattern.
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