Answer: C : The number of electrons in the molecule
Explanation:
it is affected by the arrangement of electrons, but doesn't describe it's arrangement. The shape of a molecule is how the outside atoms are arranged around the central atom. The lone pairs of electrons affect this arrangement, but is not part of it.
You are studying ion channels and have set up model lipid vesicles containing the three following transporters:
1. a Na+ /H+ antiporter driven by the Na+ concentration gradient.
2. The common 3Na+ /2K+ pump.
3. K+ leak channels. The experiments are designed such that all three transporters are oriented in the model lipid bilayers in the same direction they would be in the plasma membrane of a cell and that concentration gradients in vitro mimic the concentration gradients experienced by cells (e.g., the extracellular Na+ concentration is similar to the concentration outside of the vesicle whereas the concentration in the lumen of the model vesicles is similar to intracellular Na+ levels).
Required:
a. Draw the arrangement and ion flow of the three types of transporters in the model membranes.
b. What do you predict will happen to the pH of the vesicle lumen if you treat the model membranes with the drug oubain that impairs function of the 3Na+/2K+ pump? Briefly explain your answer in terms of what happens with each transporter.
Answer and Explanation:
a) you will find the arrangement and ion flow of the three types of transporters in the model membranes in the attached files.
K+ leak channels are channel proteins that allow K⁺ to leave the cell in favor of its concentration gradient. It keeps a stable equilibrium by taking out K⁺ that the 3Na+ /2K+ pump brings into the cell. Any alteration in the pump leads to an alteration in the leak channel functioning. Na+ /H+ antiporter is an integral membrane protein, and a secondary transporter is responsible for the interchange of H+ and Na+ through the membrane with no use of energy. It regulates pH within the cell. It responds to the Na+ and H+ concentration gradient, determined by the 3Na+ /2K+ pump. An alteration in the pump functioning produces a change in the Na gradient and consequently affects the antiporter interchange action. 3Na+ /2K+ pump is an integral protein that transports K+ and Na+ against the electrochemical gradient. A significant amount of energy is used to make the pump function. It brings K+ into the cell and takes Na+ out of it. It keeps the membrane potential and the electrochemical gradient constant. The pump function is associated with the leak channels and the antiporters function.Under normal conditions, the cell interior has a lower pH than the exterior. The K+ concentration is higher in the interior, while the Na+ concentration is higher in the cell exterior. The interior of the cell is always more electronegative than the cell exterior.
b)
The drug ouabain inhibits the pump. It impedes the Na+ exit and the K+ entrance. It occurs a sharp increase in the Na+ intracellular concentration, which influences the Na+ /H+ antiporter that changes the ions´ direction, taking out Na+ and bringing in H+ to compensate the intracellular Na+ excess. There is also a decrease in the leak channel function, which does not allow K+ to leave the cell.
Whenever the pump is inhibited, there is an increase in the intracellular pH, because Na+ concentration increases in the interior.
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Answer:
what?
Explanation:
Question 1 (1 point)
Tubelike cells that carry food from the leaves to other parts of the plant are called?
Question 1 options:
Xlyem
Phloem
Choloropasts
Question 2 (1 point)
Liverworts are non vascular plants and grow?
Question 2 options:
On tree tops
Flat and close to the ground
Tall like trees
Question 3 (1 point)
Structures that anchor vascular plants and take in water and minerals are?
Question 3 options:
stems
leaves
roots
flowers
Question 4 (1 point)
Which of the following is not true of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts?
Question 4 options:
They are non-vascular plants.
They have true roots, stems, and leaves
They grow in moist places.
They are small and low-growing.
Question 5 (1 point)
Which is the best explanation of water transport in a non-vascular plant like the one shown below?
Question 5 options:
Water moves only in the roots.
Water moves from cell to cell.
Water moves through a system of tubes.
Water moves directly to the flowers from the roots.
Question 6 (1 point)
Looking at the diagram above. What is the function of the anther?
Question 6 options:
catches the sticky pollen
produces the pollen
becomes the fruit
passage tube for pollen
Answer:
1) xlyem
2) flat and close to the ground
3) roots
4) they have true roots, stems, and leaves
5) water moves from cell to cell
6) produces pollen
Explanation:
The answers to the following questions are as follow:
1) xylem
2) flat and close to the ground
3) roots
4) they have true roots, stems, and leaves
5) water moves from cell to cell
6) produces pollen
What are vascular plants?Vascular plants are a group of plants that have specialized tissues for conducting water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant. These specialized tissues, called vascular tissue, consist of xylem and phloem.
Xylem is a type of vascular tissue that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It consists of tubes made of dead cells with thick cell walls that form a continuous network throughout the plant.
Phloem is another type of vascular tissue that is responsible for transporting sugars and other nutrients throughout the plant. It consists of tubes made of living cells that are arranged in a circular pattern around the xylem.
Vascular plants are important because they are able to grow to larger sizes than non-vascular plants due to their ability to transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Examples of vascular plants include trees, grasses, and flowers.
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Over a six-year period, a biologist has collected data about the physical characteristics, behavior, feeding habits and mating rituals of four bird species living in a South American rainforest. At the end of the six-year period, the biologist claims that evidence of evolution is present in two of the four species. Which of the following is most likely to occur when the biologist presents these findings to other scientists?
Answer:
C Scientists will debate and seek confirmation through additional research prior to accepting the findings as fact.
Explanation:
When a biologist presents evidence of evolution in two of four bird species living in a South American rainforest, it is likely that other scientists will engage in a critical evaluation of the data and conclusions.
What is the importance of evidence?Scientists may ask questions about the methods used to collect and analyze the data, and may also examine the data themselves to determine the validity of the conclusions. They may also compare the data with other studies and consider alternative explanations for the observed changes in the two species.
Ultimately, the goal of this process is to determine whether the evidence supports the conclusions about evolution in the two bird species. If the evidence is found to be sound and the conclusions are supported, the findings may be published in a scientific journal and become part of the scientific literature. However, if the evidence is not robust or the conclusions are not supported, the findings may be revised or rejected.
In conclusion, the presentation of the findings is likely to lead to a critical evaluation and scientific discussion among other biologists, which can help to establish the validity of the evidence and conclusions about evolution in the two bird species.
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Select the correct answer.
How many pea plant traits did Mendel study to prove the Laws of Inheritance?
Answer:
7 pea plant traits that mendel had to study
Answer:
Seven different features
Explanation:
Mendel studied the inheritance of seven different features in peas, including height, flower color, seed color, and seed shape. To do so, he first established pea lines with two different forms of a feature, such as tall vs. short height.
help anyone ?? need answer asap
Answer:
it is the second one
Explanation:
Please help me with bio
Answer: C or D
Explanation:
- always expressed when one or two alleles are present
- only expressed when two alleles are preset
Answer:
A dominant phenotype will be expressed when at least one allele of its associated type is present, whereas a recessive phenotype will only be expressed when both alleles are of its associated type. However, there are exceptions to the way heterozygotes express themselves in the phenotype.
Explanation:
Mutation in the hemoglobin gene can cause sickle-cell anemia. The defective protein found in sickle-cell anemia causes red blood cells to “sickle”—become a misshapen C shape. These misshapen cells abnormally stick to each other and can become trapped by leukocytes (white blood cells) that are rolling or paused on the endothelial cells lining the vessel. This causes blockages of small blood vessels, causing severe pain and strokes called vaso-occlusive crisis. A new drug that binds and blocks selectin proteins is in phase III clinical trials to test for improvement in patients' symptoms. Why might this be an effective treatment for vaso-occlusive crisis?
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
active site
surface receptor
voltage-gated
channels
calcium channels
2. What does proper disposal of hazardous waste prevent?
Question 5 of 10
Pls Help
This strangler fig tree is growing on another tree. It will
eventually grow taller than the older tree and may kill it.
Which resource are these two trees most likely competing for?
A. Oxygen
B. Minerals
C. Sunlight
D. Water
Answer:
C. sunlight cuz i don't know. MAybe my braincells just like that
Answer:
The answer is C. Here is proof.
Explanation:
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A scientist finds a tiny fragment of a bone too small to be classified by its appearance. The scientist studies the tiny fragment and concludes that it belonged to an ancient primate species. How was the scientist able to classify the bone?
Answer:
Through a microscope.
Explanation:
A stereozoom microscope is a handy instrument for magnifying small features on the surface of a bone.
Answer:
Through a microscope
Explanation:
I just know
The black panther phenotype in jaguars, which is a completely black coat, is thought to be determined by a single gene. If the presence of this phenotype were unrelated to habitat type, but was found to be much more common in populations in Costa Rica relative to populations in Brazil, what would be the most likely explanation for this geographic pattern
Answer:
Due to suitable climate and food availability.
Explanation:
The reason for this geographical distribution is the availability of suitable climate and food. Black panthers live in the hot, dense tropical rainforests environment where there is a lot of food present that is necessary for sustaining the population of black panthers. Black panthers are more common in Costa Rica as compared to populations in Brazil due to climate as well as food availability.
An object is traveling and at 6 seconds it has a velocity of 18 m/s, then at 10 seconds it has a velocity of 38 m/s. What is the acceleration of the object from 6 to 10 seconds?
A) 3 m/s2
B) 4 m/s2
C) 5 m/s2
D) 6 m/s
Answer:
i dont know
Explanation:
i really dont know im just a 12 year old kid struggling with math
The unit of measurement for forces is called
Answer:
I am pretty sure its called a Newton=unit of force
Imprinting is a type of _______ behavior.
A.inherited
B.learned
C.reflex
D.instinct
Answer:
I think it is Learned
Explanation:
Hope this helps
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A cross between a black cat & a tan cat produces a tabby pattern (black & tan fur together). What pattern of inheritence does this illustrate?
A. Codominance, two phenotypes together at the same time.
B. Incomplete , two phenotypes blend together at the same time.
C. Recessive, one phenotype is dominant and one is recessive
what type of symbiotic relationship is between the anémone and the clow fish?
A.Commensalism
B.Paratism
C.Predation
D.Mutualism
The answer is D. Mutualism
Currents shape rivers over long periods of time.
Answer: the answer is The statement that “Currents shape rivers over long periods of time.” Is true. The force exerted by the water will give an impact on the land that is hit. It will create a pathway for water to flow if it is hit many times.
Explanation:
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Answer for EDGE
How did scientists determine that gorillas are closely related to humans?
Describe the movement of the dominoes as energy is transferred through them and then compare the movement of longitudinal waves to the movement of the dominoes. Record your evidence.
Answer:
The waves move outwards from where the rock hit. When the waves pass the wood, it bobs up and down. In the case of the falling dominoes, the movement of the dominoes was in the direction parallel to the movement of the wave, longitudinal.
Explanation:
Hope this helps :D
The organelle that is the site of cellular respiration is the
o mitochondrion
O nucleus
o chloroplast
o ribosome
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
mitochondrion
Answer:
mitochondrion
Explanation:
Plz mark brainliest thanks
Penicillium (the source of the antibiotic penicillin) is a mold that secretes a toxin that kills bacteria and other organisms. Penicillium, however, is not harmed by this toxin. This is an example of:
Answer:
This is an example of a mentalism (Option d).
Hope this is correct have a great day
Brainly please
Poiseille's law is often used to calculated the arteriolar blood flow. According the this law, the following all affect blood flow:-radius of vessel-length of vessel-viscosity of blood-pressure gradientWhich of these has the GREATEST affect on blood flow?
Answer:
a. radius of vessel
Use the data set to answer the question. Which best describes the data set
Answer:
It is neither inaccurate nor precise.
Tubelike cells that carry food from the leaves to other parts of the plant are called?
Question 1 options:
Xylem
Phloem
Chloroplasts
Answer: Phloem carry food from the leaves to other parts of the plant
Explanation: Xylem carry water and Chloroplasts are organelles in cells wich allow the plant to photosynthesise
what are the two phases of the respiratory movement of man? Are they the same in a grasshopper or a fish?
The two phases of the respiratory movement of man is inspiration ( or inhalation) and expiration (or exhalation). The phases of the respiratory movement of men is the same in fish because they also inhale and exhale.
What is inspiration (inhalation ) ?
Inspiration (inhalation) is the process of taking air into the lungs. It is the active phase of ventilation because it is the result of muscle contraction.
What is expiration (exhalation)?
Expiration (exhalation) is the process of letting air out of the lungs during the breathing cycle.
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In Journey to the Center of the Earth, by Jules Verne, an adventurer travels through the layers of Earth until he reaches the center. While it is not possible to actually travel through all of the layers of Earth, in what order would the adventurer have traveled to reach the center? Write the layers (outer core, mantle, inner core, crust) in the correct order from outermost to innermost layer.
Answer:
The correct answer would be - crust, mantle, outermost and innermost layer.
Explanation:
It is not possible to travel through all of the layers of Earth, however, Hypothetically, if an individual takes a journey of traveling to the core of the Earth, he needs to go through total five total layers, including the "center of the Earth" as described in Jules Verne's novel.
The crust is the first and outermost layer of the earth from the top of the earth's surface. It is the layer we and all geographical areas such as caves present. The second layer is the mantle that can be distinguished in the upper mantle is the primary mantle itself. After the mantle person would enter the outer core and then the final layer is the inner core.
An unknown bacterium has been inoculated onto a Mannitol Salt Agar plate and incubated at 37 degrees C. After 48 hours, you observe the plate. What interpretations and conclusions can be made from this result
Explanation:
Halotolerant is the ability of the organism to grow at the higher concentration of salt than the required concentration for its growth.
As we know Mannitol salt is used as selective medium for isolation of pathogenic bacteria. The medium has mannitol salt, phenol red indicator, 7.5% sodium chloride. This high salt concentration inhibits the growth of most bacteria.
The interpretations and the conclusion regarding to the given situation should be explained below.
What is Halotolerant?It is the capability of the organism for growing at a higher concentration of salt as compared to the concentration with respect to the growth. Since Mannitol salt should be applied as the selective medium for isolation of pathogenic bacteria. The medium contained the mannitol salt, phenol red indicator, 7.5% sodium chloride.
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