The magnetic force on a proton that is 5.8 millimeters from the wire and moving 5800 m/s will be ( 7.15×10 ^−24)i^
Define magnetic field.
An electric charge, an electric current, and magnetic materials are all affected magnetically by a magnetic field, which is a vector field. A force perpendicular to the magnetic field and its own velocity acts on a moving charge in a magnetic field.
Assume the particle is at a distance d in the +y direction and the current is flowing in the +x direction (away from the wire). Afterward, the magnetic field at a proton's position with charge q is
B =(μ0 i/2πd) ^k
Thus,
F=qv × B
=qv ×(μ0 i/2πd) ^k
In this situation,
v =v(− j)
where v is the speed and is a positive value and q>0. Thus,
F =q(-j) ×(μ0 i/2πd) ^k
= − 4(π×10 ^−7 T.m/A)(0.221A)(1.60×10 ^−19)(5800m/s)i^/ {2π(5.8m)}
=( 7.15×10 ^−24)i^.
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how much force should be applied on the piston (radius 0.012 meter ) so that a car of 1500 kg is completely supported by a piston of radius 0.15 meter.
Answer:
Force = 93 N
Explanation:
Given:
m₁ = 1500 kg
R₁ = 0.15 m
R₂ = 0.012 m
g = 9.8 m/s²
_____________
F₂ - ?
1)
Piston area:
S₁ = π·R₁² = 3.14·0.15² ≈ 71·10⁻³ m²
S₂ = π·R₂² = 3.14·0.012² ≈ 0.45·10⁻³ m²
2)
Force:
F₁ = m₁·g = 1500·9.8 = 14 700 N
F₂ = F₁· (S₂ / S₁)
F₂ = 14 700· (0.45·10⁻³ / (71·10⁻³) ≈ 93 N
he mass of a bugatti veyron car is 1834 kg. the shape of the car is such that the aerodynamic drag coefficient c is 0.342 kg/m for quatratic drag. neglecting all other sources of friction, calculate the maximum speed in m/s if the veyron's engine can impart a force of 4522 n on the road.
To calculate the maximum speed of the Bugatti Veyron, we can use the equation $F_d = \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 c A$,
which relates the drag force $F_d$ acting on an object to the density of the fluid $\rho$, the speed $v$ of the object, the drag coefficient $c$, and the cross-sectional area $A$ of the object.
In this case, we are given the mass of the car, the drag coefficient, and the force that the engine can impart on the road, so we can solve for the maximum speed.
First, we need to convert the mass of the car to its weight, which is the force of gravity acting on the car. The weight of the car is given by the equation $W = mg$, where $m$ is the mass of the car and $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity.
We can convert the mass of the car from kilograms to newtons by multiplying it by $g$, which is approximately 9.8 m/s$^2$. This gives us a weight of $W = 1834 \text{ kg} \times 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 = 17983.2 \text{ N}$.
Next, we need to calculate the cross-sectional area of the car. Since we are given the shape of the car and the drag coefficient, we can assume that the car has a streamlined shape with a length $L$ that is much greater than its width or height.
In this case, the cross-sectional area of the car is approximately equal to its width $w$ times its height $h$, or $A \approx wh$. If we assume that the width of the car is $w = 1.8$ meters and the height is $h = 1.2$ meters, then the cross-sectional area is $A \approx 2.16 \text{ m}^2$.
Now that we have all of the required information, we can solve for the maximum speed of the car. The maximum speed is achieved when the drag force acting on the car is equal to the force that the engine can impart on the road. This means that the maximum speed $v_\text{max}$ is given by the equation
$$F_d = \frac{1}{2} \rho v_\text{max}^2 c A = F_\text{engine}$$
where $\rho$ is the density of the air, $c$ is the drag coefficient, $A$ is the cross-sectional area of the car, and $F_\text{engine}$ is the maximum force that the engine can impart on the road.
We are given that the drag coefficient is 0.342 kg/m and the maximum force that the engine can impart on the road is 4522 N. The density of the air is approximately 1.225 kg/m$^3$ at sea level. Plugging these values into the equation, we get
$$\frac{1}{2} \times 1.225 \text{ kg/m}^3 \times v_\text{max}^2 \times 0.342 \text{ kg/m} \times 2.16 \text{ m}^2 = 4522 \text{ N}$$
Solving for the maximum speed, we get $v_\text{max} \approx 242.5$ m/s. This is the maximum speed of the Bugatti Veyron if we neglect all other sources of friction and assume that the car has a streamlined.
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to date, we've found few planets orbiting their stars at distances comparable to the distances of the jovian planets in our solar system. why do astronomers think this is the case?
The answer is (b), meaning that we haven't been looking for planets so at distances for long enough.
What are the definitions of the 12 planets?(Astronomy) The solar system is made up of the sun and the objects gravitationally attracted to it, such as the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Mars, Octavian, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, as well as the minor planets Eris, Pluto, and Ceres.
What are the planets' roles?The world sustains us and gives us the resources we require. Last but not least, experts claim that if our planet disappeared, we and everything else on the world would have died. The one and only planet capable of supporting life is Earth.
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a fluid flows through a horizontal pipe of radius 1.5 cm at a speed of 5.0 m/s. the density of the fluid is 900 kg/m3 and the pressure is 1.30 x 105 n/m2. when the fluid flows into a connecting pipe of radius 1.0 cm, the speed is increases to 11.0 m/s. what is the pressure in the connecting pipe in pa?
The pressure in the connecting pipe is 88 pa.
Stress is the pressure applied perpendicular to the floor of an object according to unit place over which that force is sent. Gauge strain is the strain relative to the ambient pressure. diverse gadgets are used to explicit strain.
Calculation:-
radius of pipe = 1.5 cm
speed = 5 m/s
The speed is increases to 11.0 m/s
density of the fluid = 900 kg kg/m³
Pressure = 1.30 × 10⁵ N/m²
The pressure in the connecting pipe in pa = ρdv/dl
= 88 pa.
Stress is defined because the bodily pressure exerted on an item. The force applied is perpendicular to the surface of objects in step with unit place. The primary components for strain is F/A (force in keeping with unit location). Unit of pressure is Pascals (Pa). forms of Pressures are Absolute, Atmospheric, Differential, and Gauge pressure.
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your friend is 1.7 m tall. (a) when she stands 3.2 m from you, what is the height of her image formed on the retina of your eye? (consider the eye to consist of a thin lens 2.5 cm from the retina.) (b) what is the height of her image when she is 4.2 m from you?
(a) Formulae for magnification (m) = distance of image/image of object
=.025/3.2 = 0.00781
so, magnification of eye = 0.00781
now. m = image size / actual size
so, image size = actual size x m
= 1.7 x 0.00781
= 0.0132 m
(b) similarly, in this case the size of the image can be calculated as follows:
m = distance of image/image of object = 0.00595
image size = actual size x m = 0.0101
What is magnification?
Magnification in physics can be defined as the ratio of size of the image to the size of the object. Magnification in simple terms means enlargement in the size of the image of an object.
It can be denoted by the formulae:
[tex]magnification = \frac{size of the image}{size of the object}[/tex]
It has no SI unit.
Why Magnification has no SI unit?
It has no SI unit because it is a ratio of length.
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To make the pattern bigger and easier to see, should you move the slide closer tothe screen or closer to the laser? Explain. Be sure to comment on what variableschange (e.g. wavelength, angles to the minima, distance to the screen, position ofthe minima, etc.)
So, by moving the slit towards the laser will increase the slit and screen distance and the screen and the fringe will be bigger, angle of diffraction, wavelength will remain unaltered in this case
What is diffraction?
When waves flow through an aperture or around objects, they spread out, which is referred to as diffraction. It happens when the wavelength of the incident wave and the size of the aperture or obstruction are on the same order of magnitude. The majority of the wave is blocked at extremely small aperture diameters. Large apertures prevent severe diffraction from occurring as the wave passes past or through the obstruction.
What is wavelength?
Wavelength is the separation between the corresponding points of two successive waves. When two points or particles are referred to be "corresponding points," it means that they are both in the same phase means, points that have completed identical fractions of their periodic motion.
Hence, by moving the slit towards the laser will increase the slit and screen distance, and the screen and the fringe will be bigger, angle of diffraction, wavelength will remain unaltered in this case.
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An automobile moves on a level horizontal road in a circle of radius 30 m. The coefficient of friction between tires and road is 0. 50. The maximum speed with which this car can round this curve is:.
The maximum speed with which the car can round the curve is 12.1 m/s
What is Frictional force ?The force preventing sliding against one another of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material components is known as friction.
The force produced between surfaces that slide against one another is known as the frictional force. Because frictional force develops when two surfaces come into contact with one another, it is referred to be a contact force. Walking on the road is an illustration of frictional force.
According to the given information
radius, [tex]$r=30 \mathrm{~m}$[/tex]
coefficient of friction, [tex]$\mu_k=0.50$[/tex]
Here friction : force will balance centripetal force.
[tex]$\begin{aligned} &\left(F_k=\text { Friction force })\right. \\ & F_k=\frac{m v^2}{r} \\ & \mu m_g=\frac{m v^2}{r} \\ & \mu g=\frac{v^2}{r} \\ & v^2=r \mu g=30 \times 0.5 \times 9.8 \\ & v=12.1 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\end{aligned}$[/tex]
The maximum speed with which the car can round the curve is 12.1 m/s
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Light having a wavelength in vacuum of 600 nm enters a liquid of refractive index 2. 0. In this liquid, its wavelength will be
The frequency is 5 x 10^14 Hz, the speed of light in the medium is 2 x 10 m/s and the wavelength is
4 x 10^-7 m
Given that,
Wavelength X = 600 nm
Refractive index n = 1.5
We know that,
The frequency is the ratio of the speed of light and wavelength of the light.
f = c/λ
f = 3 x 10^8/600 × 10^-9
f = 5 x 10^14 Hz
The speed in the medium is the ratio of the speed of the light in the vacuum and the refractive index.
n = c/v
1.5 = 3 x 10^8/υ
v = 2 × 10^8 m/s
The wave length is the ratio of the speed of the light in the medium and frequency.
λ = v/f
λ = 2 × 10^8/5 x 10^14
λ = 4 × 10^-7 m
Hence, The frequency is 5 x 10^14 Hz, the speed of light in the medium is 2 x 10^8 m/s and the wavelength is 4 x 10^-7 m
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with what initial velocity must an object be thrown upward from ground level to reach the top of the washington monument
Beginning velocity is required for a projectile to be launched from the ground up to the Washington Monument's 555-feet summit.
The Washington Monument is 555 feet 5 inches tall, so why?Casey was convinced to make the height of the tower 10 times the width of the base, which meant that the Washington Monument's ideal height was 555 feet rather than the 600 feet that Mills had originally envisioned.
The Washington Monument is not a memorial, so why?When compared to a memorial, why is the Washington Monument a "monument"? A memorial honors or pays tribute to a person who has passed away. A monument has a crucial distinction: it is created to honor or remember a living person.
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What is the voltage drop across resistors r2 in volts
The voltage drop across resistors r2 in volts is 6.6 volts.
What is resistor?Resistor is defined as an electrical component that regulates voltage and temperature. Resistors are frequently employed in electronic circuits to reduce current flow, divide voltages, impede transmission signals, and bias active parts. The resistor controls the electron flow to prevent overly rapid current from damaging the breadboard, wires, battery,
The Voltage drop can be calculated as
Give voltage of battery = 113 V
R2 has current = 1.9 A
And resistance = 4.7 ohms
Voltage = 1.9 + 4.7
= 6.6 V
Thus, the voltage drop across resistors r2 in volts is 6.6 volts.
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how many times larger in diameter of the smallest jovian planet than the diameter of the largest terrestrial planet
The diameter of the smallest jovian planet is 3.96 times larger than the diameter of the largest terrestrial planet.
What are the jovian and terrestrial planets?The jovian planets or also called giant gaseous planets are those that are far away in the solar system, which includes Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, while terrestrial rocky planets include Mercury, Venus, the Earth planet and Mars.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the jovian and terrestrial planets are different based on the composition of their surfaces and also due to the distance to the Sun.
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a cannon sits on a stationary railroad flatcar with a mass of 1000 kg. when a 10-kg cannonball is fired to the left at a speed of 50 m/s, what is the recoil speed of the flatcar? the recoil speed of the flatcar is m/s.
The recoil speed of the flatcar is0.5 m/s.
Step by Step Explanation:The cannon's momentum equals the flatcar's momentum according to Newton's third law of motion.
mv = MV........................ Equation 1:
where m is the cannon's mass, v is its velocity, and m is the flatcar's mass, v is its velocity.
Assign V as the subject of the equation V = mv/M... Equation 2
Given: M = 1000 kg
m = 10 kg,
and v = 50 m/s
Replace with V = 1050/1000 V = 500/1000
V = 0.5 m/s in equation 2.
Consequently, the flatcar's speed is equal to 0.5 meters per second.
What is Newton's Third Law of Momentum?An object interacts with another object when a push or pull is applied to it. A product of an interaction is force. Frictional force, for example, falls into the category of contact force. Non-contact force, on the other hand, includes gravitational force. Newton's third rule of motion explains that when two bodies interact, they exert force on one another. This force is referred to as an action and reaction pair.According to Newton's third law of motion,The first body receives a force that is equivalent in magnitude to the force applied in the opposite direction when one body exerts a force on another.To learn more about Newton's Third Law of Momentum refer to:
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while checking out the front end of a vehicle, the technician grabs the driver’s side tire and steers the wheels manually left and right. while he does this, he notices that the center link moves up and down. what component is most likely at fault?
The worn idler arm is the component that is most likely at fault.
What occurs when a wheel hits a dip or home and moves downward?
When you hit any bump or dip in a road, your vehicle's suspension and springs move so the tire can stay in contact with the road and absorb the energy. The shock absorbers dampen the movement of the springs by converting the spring's kinetic energy into thermal (heat) energy.
What are the symptoms of a bad idler arm?
What are the warning signs of a bad idler arm? If you notice your steering wheel feels loose or has extra play before the tires respond, this may be a sign of an issue with your idler arm or pitman's arm. If these arms fail completely, you will lose all steering in your vehicle.
Can a worn idler arms cause play?
A steering wheel with too much play that shimmies, shakes, or vibrates too loosely can be a symptom of a bad idler arm. Poor steering likely means the ball joints are worn.
How important is an idler arm?
Idler's arms are particularly important for two reasons. First, as mentioned, the idler arm supports the right end of the track rod. Without it, the track rod would not hold the right wheel in place or turn it effectively, if at all. Second, the idler arm maintains proper toe angle.
Thus, a worn idler arm is a correct answer.
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if quasars are at the distances most astronomers believe they are, then (for the most luminous ones) their luminosities must be:
If quasars are located at the distances that the majority of astronomers think they are, then their luminosities must equal the sum of one hundred trillion (1014) Suns.
What kind of brilliance is that?Something's luminosity is determined by how much light it emits or reflects. A big, sparkling diamond's brightness is its most distinguishing feature. You might talk about the luminosity of an energetic and vibrant oil painting or be in awe of the luminosity of a spectacular sunset.
Does light improve intelligence?Small (2–3 point) training benefits are obtained via lumosity training. If you exercise for 12 and a half hours over several weeks, you can enhance your IQ, working memory, and other cognitive abilities by about 2-3 points.
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When wind speeds up as it blows over the top of a hill, atmospheric pressure there.
When wind speeds up as it blows over the top of a hill, atmospheric pressure there increases.
Atmospheric pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of the air molecules above the earth surface.The atmospheric pressure is not distributed uniformly over the earth. The amount of pressure increases or decreases, according to the amount of molecules, that exerts the force on the surface.When temperature of the air increases, the air expands and reduces the number of molecules over the unit area. It leads to reduction in pressure.Similarly, when the temperature falls, the air contracts and the pressure increase. Therefore, the temperature and atmospheric pressure are inversely related.
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v high - speed stroboscopic photographs show that the head of a 2.00 3 102 - g golf club is traveling at 55.0 m/s just before it strikes a 46.0 - g golf ball at rest on a tee. after the collision, the club head travels (in the same direction) at 40.0 m/s. find the speed of the golf ball just after impact.
Velocity of golf ball after collision with golf club using law of conservation of momentum is 65.21 m/s
What is momentum ?
Momentum seem to be directly dependent on the value of mass as well as velocity of the object in the direction of motion. it is quantified by "mass velocity". Since mass is a scalar quantity but velocity is a vector, momentum is a vector quantity.
From the given information-
mass of golf club = 200 g
mass golf ball = 46 g
velocity of club before collision = 55 m/s
velocity club after collision =40 m/s
velocity of golf ball before collision = 0 m/s
You need to use conservation of momentum here.
momentum = mass x velocity
Prior to impact, the golf club has a momentum of 0.200 kg * 55 m/s = 11.00 kg m/s.
The ball's not moving before impact, so it has a momentum of zero. Therefore the total momentum before impact will be 11.00 kg m/s. Conservation of momentum dictates the total momentum of the two objects after impact will also be 11.00 kg m/s.
We know the speed of the club after the impact, so the momentum of the club after impqact is 0.200 kg * 40 m/s =8 kg m/s.
So the momentum of the ball must be 11.00 kg m/s - 8 kg m/s = 3 kg m/s, and dividing by the mass of the ball (0.046 kg) gives the speed of the ball, 65.217 m/s
Velocity of golf ball after collision wit golf club is 65.21 m/s
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A circular loop of wire with a radius of 13.0 cm and oriented in the horizontal xy-plane is located in a region of uniform magnetic field. A field of 1.5 T is directed along the positive z-direction, which is upward.part.aIf the loop is removed from the field region in a time interval of 2.7 msms , find the average emf that will be induced in the wire loop during the extraction process.
A circular loop of wire with a radius of 13.0 cm and oriented in the horizontal XY-plane is located in a region of the uniform magnetic field. A field of 1.7 T is directed along the positive z-direction, which is upward. A) If the loop is removed from the field region in a time interval of 2.9 ms,
The average emf that will be induced in the wire loop during the extraction process=
e =(pi) r^2B/t
e = pi*169*10^-4*1.7/(2.9*10^-3) = 31.12 V
In classical geometry, a radius of a circle or sphere is any of the line segments from its middle to its perimeter, and in greater present-day usage, it is also their length. The call comes from the latin radius, which means ray but additionally, the spoke of a chariot wheel.
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another pendulum swings to and fro at a regular rate of 2 times per second. what is its period? (in s)
Five times per second is the typical frequency at which another pendulum swings back and forth. 2S
Describe the pendulum ?The back-and-forth motion of a pendulum can be used to demonstrate how potential energy transforms into kinetic energy and vice versa.Another pendulum swings back and forth with a normal frequency of five times per second. 2SThe formula for the period is T = t N.Time it takes for things to happen. Number of occurrences tAn oscillation of a pendulum takes a certain amount of time, or simply "period," to complete.It is obvious that the pendulum's mass or weight have nothing to do with the time period.To learn more about pendulum refer to:
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by what factor would the torsion constant need to be changed to make the smaller balance wheel oscillate at the original frequency? express your answer using three significant figures.
The factor through which the constant would have to change is given as 0.00412
How to solve for the oscillation frequencyThe moment of inertia is expressed as I = mr²
mass and volume has the relationship that is written as:
m = pV
m α V
mass is directly proportional to volume
m∝r³
m ∝ (1/3)³ = 1 / 27
the moment of inertia can be decreased by: 1 / 27 * (1 / 3)²
= 1 / 243
a. The angular frequency is gotten by
√1 / I
[tex]\sqrt{\frac{1}{1/243} }[/tex]
= 243
The factor through which the torsion constant would have to be reduced is given as 1 / 243
= 0.00412
There was a decrease of 0.00412
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Your boss at the Cut-Rate Cuckoo Clock Company asks you whatwould happen to the frequency of the angular SHM of the balancewheel if it had the same density and the same coil spring (thus thesame torsion constant), but all the balance wheel dimensions weremade one-third as great to save material.
By what factor would the torsion constant need to be changedto make the smaller balance wheel oscillate at the originalfrequency?
g two pool balls, each moving at 2 m/s, roll toward each other and collide. suppose after bouncing apart, each moves at 2 m/s. assume the positive direction is to the right. this collision violates conservation of group of answer choices kinetic energy momentum both kinetic and momentum none of the above
This collision violates conservation of both energy and momentum i.e, third option is correct.
According to the law of conservation of momentum, when two bodies collide their total momentum and energy before and after collision are equal.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. However, it can be transformed from one form to another. It is also known as the first law of thermodynamics.
Given that, the two bodies move with same velocities after collision, means that the law has not been violated since, momentum = mass*velocity (where mass is said to be constant)
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step 2 of 2 : suppose a sample of 1350 floppy disks is drawn. of these disks, 67 were defective. using the data, construct the 85% confidence interval for the population proportion of disks which are defective. round your answers to three decimal places.
The 85% confidence interval estimate of the true population proportion of disks which are defective is 0.100 +/- 0.010
= (0.095, 0.110),Lower: 0.095 ,Upper: 0.110
Confidence intervals are a set of values with a known probability that the value of a parameter will fall within them.
The confidence interval of statistical data can be written as.
p+/-z√(p(1-p)/n)
We are given that,
Proportion of disks that are not defective = p' = 1283/1475 = 0.950
Proportion of disks that are defective = p = 1 - p' = 1 - 0.950 = 0.05
Thus , p = 0.05
Number of samples= n = 1350
Confidence interval = 85%
z value(at 85% confidence) = 1.28
Substituting the values we have;
0.100 +/- 1.28√(0.100(1-0.05)/1350)
0.100 +/- 1.28(0.00703703)
0.100 +/- 0.0090073984
0.100 +/- 0.010
= (0.095, 0.110)
According to the 85% confidence interval, the actual population percentage of defective discs is 0.100 +/- 0.010
Therefore, interval = (0.095, 0.110), Lower: 0.095, Upper: 0.110 can be used to describe the population portion.
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an emerald has an index of refraction of 1.57. the light from a red laser of wavelength 633nm in vacuum travels within the emerald. what is the maximum angle with respect to the normal that this light can strike the emerald/air interface such that the light wave exits into the air?
The maximum angle with respect to the normal that this light can strike the emerald/air interface such that the light wave exits into the air is: 39.34.
Total Internal Reflection
[tex]M_{1}[/tex] sin(∅[tex]_{c}[/tex]) = M[tex]_{2}[/tex] Sin(90)
sin(∅[tex]_{c}[/tex])= M[tex]{2}[/tex]/M[tex]_{1}[/tex] = 1/1.57 = 0.636
∅[tex]_{c}[/tex]= 39.49
∅ = 39.34
v = c/λ
c = 1000/5.56e - 6 = 1.798 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
v = 1.798 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex]/400e-9 = 4.496 × [tex]10^{14}[/tex] Hz
What is refraction index?
In optics, the refractive index (or refractive index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that indicates the ability of the medium to diffract light.
The index of refraction determines how much a light path bends or refracts as it enters a material. This is described by Snell's law of refraction n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2. where θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively, for a ray that crosses the interface between two media with indices of refraction n1 and n2. The index of refraction also determines the amount of light reflected upon reaching an interface, the critical angle for total internal reflection, its intensity (Fresnel equation), and Brewster's angle.
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An elastic cord is 61 cm long when a weight of 75 N hangs from it but is 85 cm long when a weight of 210 N hangs from it. What is the "spring" constant k of this elastic cord? also, find the frequency of the motion with the 210N object hanging on it (Physics 'Algebra base')
The spring constant of this elastic cord is 562.64 Nm.The frequency of the motion with the 210 N is 0.817Hz.
Elastic cord is a fairly versatile stretchy rope. it is small diameter makes it ideal for indoor craft makes use of and light duty strapping. Use this elastic string for sewing initiatives, scrapbooking, and kids' crafts.
Calculation:-
Spring constant K = f/x
= 75/0.61 - L
= 75/0.61 - 0.4767
= 562.64 Nm
Frequency when 210 N is hanging is
extension X = 0.85 -L
= 0.87 - 0.4767
= 0.3733
Frequency = 1/2π√g/X
= 1/2π √9.8/0.3733
= 0.816 Hz.
The free movement of a frame with appreciate to time is called motion. for example-the fan, the dirt falling from the carpet, the water that flows from the tap, a ball rolling around, a shifting car etc. Even the universe is in chronic motion.
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The following images show five planets in our solar system. Rank these planets from left to right based on their average surface (or cloud-top) temperature, from highest to lowest. (Not to scale.)
Highest -- Mercury, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Neptune -- Lowest
Notice that, for these five planets, temperature correlates with distance from the Sun: the closer to the Sun, the hotter the planet. Remember, however, that this is not always the case, because a planet’s temperature also depends on its reflectivity and on the strength of its greenhouse effect (if any). For example, the greenhouse effect gives Venus a higher average temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is nearly twice as far from the Sun.
Loftiest to smallest temperature
Mercury
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Neptune
What's the average face temperature?
Planetary face temperatures range from over 400 °C on Mercury and Venus to below-200 °C on distant globes. The factors that determine temperature are the complex balance of heat entered and lost.
Thus, for these five globes, temperature correlates with distance from the Sun. The near to the sun, the hotter the earth. Note, still, that this isn't always the case, as the earth's temperature also depends on its reflectance and the strength of the greenhouse effect( if present). For illustration, although Venus is nearly doubly as far from the Sun, the average temperature on Venus is advanced than on Mercury due to the greenhouse effect.
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which component within an absorption refrigeration system requires heat transfer from a high temperature aource
Generator component within an absorption refrigeration system requires heat transfer from a high temperature source.
The evaporator "buckets" or collects heat from the chilled area. Low pressure causes the "bucket" to undergo a state shift (latent heat transfer) as it takes in heat. The "bucket" of low pressure and heat is then transported to the compressor by the evaporator. The component of the refrigeration system that actually cools things down is called the evaporator. The evaporator is situated in the region to be cooled because its purpose is to absorb heat into the refrigeration system (from where you don't want it to).
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A car is moving east at 28.8 m/s before applying it’s breaks. The car comes to a stop after 74 meters. How long does it take for the car to stop?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
AVERAGE velocity = ( 28.8 - 0 ) / 2 = 14.4 m/s
74 m / 14.4 m/s = 5.14 s
Thermodynamics deals with the macroscopic properties ofmaterials. Scientists can make quantitative predictions about thesemacroscopic properties by thinking on a microscopic scale. Kinetictheory and statistical mechanics provide a way to relate molecularmodels to thermodynamics. Predicting the heat capacities of gasesat a constant volume from the number of degrees of freedom of a gasmolecule is one example of the predictive power of molecularmodels.
The molar specific heat C_v of a gas at a constant volume is thequantity of energy required to raise the temperature T of one mole of gas by one degree while thevolume remains the same. Mathematically,
C_{\rm v}= \frac{1}{n}\,\frac{dU}{dT},
where n is the number of moles of gas, dU is the change in internal energy, anddT is the change in temperature.
Kinetic theory tells us that the temperature of a gas isdirectly proportional to the total kinetic energy of the moleculesin the gas. The equipartition theorem says that each degree offreedom of a molecule has an average kinetic energy equal to\frac{1}{2}k_{\rm B}T, wherek_B is Boltzmann's constant1.38 \times 10^{-23} \rm {J/K}. Whensummed over the entire gas, this gives \frac{1}{2}nRT, where R=8.314\;{\rm \frac{J}{mol\cdot K}}is the ideal gas constant, for each molecular degree offreedom.
Part A
Using the equipartition theorem, determine the molar specific heat,C_v, of a gas in which eachmolecule has s degrees of freedom.
Express your answer in terms ofR and s.
Part B
Given the molar specific heat C_v of a gas at constant volume, you candetermine the number of degrees of freedom s that are energetically accessible.
For example, at room temperature cis-2-butene,\rm C_4 H_8, has molar specific heatC_v=70.6\;{\rm \frac{J}{mol \cdot K}}. How many degrees of freedom of cis-2-butene areenergetically accessible?
Express your answer numerically tothe nearest integer.
Mathematically, the answer to the following question's a part is: [tex]C_{v} = \frac{Rs}{2}[/tex] and b part is: s=17.
a) Using the equipartition theorem,
U = [tex]\frac{1}{2} k_{b} T[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} n_{R} T[/tex]
Degree of freedom for 's'
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} sn R T[/tex]
Then, molar specific heat [tex]C_{v} = \frac{1}{n} \frac{dU}{dT}[/tex]
Mentioning it in terms of R and s;
[tex]C_{v} = \frac{1}{n} \frac{dU}{dT} (\frac{1}{2} sn RT)[/tex]
[tex]C_{v} = \frac{Rs}{2}[/tex]
b) As per question,
[tex]C_{v}[/tex] = 70.6 J/mol.K and R = 8.314 J/mol.K
Using the formula, [tex]C_{v} = \frac{Rs}{2}[/tex]
70.6 J/mol.K = [tex]\frac{(8.314 J/mol.K) X s}{2}[/tex]
taking 2 on the left side by moving it from the division
70.6 J/mol.K x 2 = 8.314 J/mol.K x s
= [tex]\frac{70.6 J/mol.K X 2}{8.314 J/mol.K}[/tex]
s = 16.983 then we round it off to the nearest figure
We get, s = 17
Each degree of freedom that only appears quadratically in the total energy has an average energy of 1/2 kBT in thermal equilibrium, which increases the system's heat capacity by 1/2 kB, according to the equipartition theorem, also known as the law of equipartition, the equipartition of energy, or simply equipartition. The classical physics presumption that this concept holds true in all situation is refuted by the quantum theory.
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an ideal gas is compressed from 900 cm3 to 425 cm3 while 125 j of heat energy is removed from it. if the gas's pressure remains constant at 400 kpa during the compression, how much work was done by the gas?
The work done by the gas is 190,000 J.
What is work?
Work in physics is the energy that is transferred to or from a object when a force is applied along a displacement. In its simplest form, it equals the product of the force's magnitude and the distance travelled for a constant force directed in the same direction as the motion. When a force is applied, it is said to have a component that moves the point of application, or it is said to have positive work. If the component of a force at the point of application is in the opposite direction of the displacement, the force is said to do negative work.
The work done by the gas can be calculated using the equation W = P∆V. In this equation, P represents the constant pressure of 400 kPa, ∆V is the change in volume, and W is the work done by the gas.
Since the volume of the gas changed from 900 cm3 to 425 cm3, the change in volume is ∆V = 900 cm3 - 425 cm3 = 475 cm3. Plugging this into the equation above, we get W = 400 kPa x 475 cm3 = 190,000 J.
Therefore, the work done by the gas is 190,000 J.
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Barium-131 is used in the detection of bone tumors. The half-life of barium-131 is approximately 12 days. How long will it take for the radiation level of barium-131 to drop to 1/4 of its original level?.
It will take 24 days for the radiation level of barium-131 to drop to 1/4 of its original level.
We know that radioactive reactions are 1st order reactions.
Given half life of Barium-131 is approximately 12 days.
So to drop to 1/4 of it's original level it will take more 12 days i.e. one more half life.
Total days are : 12+12=24 days
So it will take 24 days for the radiation level of barium-131 to drop to 1/4 of its original level.
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if a pendulum-driven clock gains 7.2 s/day, what fractional change in pendulum length must be made for it to keep perfect time?
Pendulum length must be made for it to keep perfect time of 100 or 0.0167 % or 0.017 % nearly.
What is time?Time is the measure of to non-stop, consistent change by in our surroundings, or it is usually from a specific to viewpoint.
Total number of seconds in a normal day is 24×60×60 = 86400 seconds
We know that time period of pendulum is
T= 2π √l/g
Then we use fractional error method
∆T/T = 1/2 ( ∆l /l )
Here l is length of pendulum string
So 7.2/86400 = 1/2 ( ∆l/l)
∆l/l = 0.000167
So percentage change is
∆l/l *100 or 0.0167 % or 0.017 % nearly.
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