Answer: minimum
Explanation:
a power analysis is often used to determine
a. the number of participants needed for a study
b. the likelihood of making a Type I error
c. the strength of the independent variable
d. wether to reject the null hypothesis
e. the alpha-level
Since a power analysis is frequently used to determine the number of participants required for a study, the appropriate response is (A)
What is meant by power analysis?Given the necessary statistical power, effect size, and significance level, a power analysis is the computation used to determine the minimum sample size needed for an experiment. It aids in determining whether a survey or experiment's findings are genuine and noteworthy or just the product of chance. The preferred power level is usually 0.80, although the researcher conducting the power analysis can pick a higher level, such as 0.90, which denotes a 90% likelihood that the researcher won't make a type II error. The required degree of significance is among the strict criteria in power analysis.
How we should calculate the power and what are the components of it?The likelihood that a hypothesis test would properly infer that a sample effect exists in the population is known as statistical power. In other words, a false null hypothesis is accurately rejected by the test. Power hence has a negative relationship with a Type II mistake. Power = 1 - β.
The power of a statistic is a function of the sample size, effect size, significance level, and one secondary element in addition to the three major parameters. Finding the appropriate sample size for a particular study is the most frequent justification for performing a power analysis.
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Is the type of the exception object always the same as the type declared in the catch clause that catches it? if not, why not?.
No, The type of any exception object is not at all same. we can say it as super class for the given sub class which is very well enough to catch all the clause which catches it.
If an exception does now no longer have an identical seize clause, the present day approach terminates and throws the exception to the subsequent better level. If there's no matching seize clause at any better level, then this system terminates with an error. Your software can do something with the exception item that it chooses to.
A seize clause can seize any exception that can be assigned to the Throwable type. This consists of the Error and Exception types. One such exception is the restriction exception ( System. Limit Exception ) that the runtime throws if a governor restriction has been exceeded, which include while the most variety of SQL queries issued has been exceeded.
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which motivation theory proposes that if a pleasurable consequence follows a behavior, then the behavior will continue and if an unpleasant consequence follows a behavior, the behavior will stop?
Reinforcement motivation theory proposes that if a pleasurable consequence follows a behavior, and if an unpleasant consequence follows a behavior, the behavior will stop.
Reinforcement theory:Reinforcement theory is a psychological principle that suggests that behavior is shaped by its consequences and that individual behavior can be modified through reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner was instrumental in developing modern ideas about reinforcement theory.
Reinforcement theory is a limited-effects media model applicable in the field of communication. This theory generally holds that people seek out and remember information that cognitively supports their pre-existing attitudes and beliefs.
What are the main principles of reinforcement theory?Reinforcement theorists see behavior as being environmentally controlled. This theory states that behavior is not driven by internal thoughts and desires, but by reinforcers. This is the result of increasing the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated immediately after the response.
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true or false? retrospective studies are more susceptible to bias than prospective studies because of differences in the timing of the study.
True. retrospective studies are more susceptible to bias than prospective studies because of differences in the timing of the study.
What you mean by retrospective study and prospective studies?Retrospective study is a study comparing two groups of people. A person with the disease or condition under study (cases) and a group of very similar individuals without the disease or condition (controls).
In a prospective study, the following results will be observed during the study period: B. Disease onset, and linking this with other factors, etc. B. Suspected Risks or Protective Factors. This study usually involves taking cohorts of subjects and observing them over a long period of time.
What is the difference between retrospective and prospective?Prospective studies observe people over time and collect data as their characteristics and circumstances change. A birth cohort study is a good example of a prospective study. Retrospective research involves interviewing people to gather information about their past.
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for any competitive labor market, changes that increase the opportunity cost of work will labor supply and shift the labor supply curve to the .
Any fair labor market will experience two effects of changes that raise the actual cost of work: a reduction in the supply of labor and a leftward shift in the supply curve.
What causes the supply curve to change?A full supply curve could slant to the right or left as a result of adjustments to production prices and related factors. As a conclusion, a larger or less amount is offered for a particular price. Generally speaking: Prices and output are connected by supply curves assuming no other changes.
What causes supply curve to rise?When there are more suppliers of a good or service, the supply curve shifts to the right; when there are fewer suppliers, it shifts to the left.
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Which two women won their elections to fill two of alaska’s three seats in congress?.
Ms. Peltola became the state's first Native American woman elected to Congress earlier this year after winning a special election.
The federal legislature of the United States is known as the United States Congress. It is bicameral, with a lower chamber, the House of Representatives, and an upper chamber, the Senate. It holds its sessions in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.
Through deliberation and compromise in the legislative process, the US Congress passes laws that have an impact on our daily lives. It conducts investigations to check on the executive branch, holds hearings to inform the legislative process, and acts as the federal government's representative for the people and states.
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Dodge has identified a hostile attributional bias that reactive aggressors display. In accord with the hostile attributional bias, reactive aggressors are likely to _____ hostile intent to a harmdoer when _____ .
a. overattribute; the harmdoer's intent is ambiguous
b. underattribute; the harmdoer's intent is benign
c. overattribute; the harmdoer's intent is hostile
d. none of these
In the situation illustrated above, it can be concluded to state that the reactive aggressors are likely to overattribute their hostile intent to a harmdoer when the intent of the harmdoer intent is ambiguous in the display of an attributional bias. Therefore, the option A holds true.
An attributional bias can be referred to or considered as a behavioral approach used by aggressors of an act, which involves an expression of hostility in the approach towards the end of the harmdoer. Moreover, the behavioral approach changes when the intentions of the harmdoer cannot be easily identified.
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susan smokes cigarettes and is, by her own admission, addicted to them. which of the following is implicated in susan’s addiction? a. she associates cues, such as seeing a cigarette lighter, with smoking, and these cues increase her desire to smoke. b. the nicotine in her cigarettes reach her brain quickly because it is inhaled. c. both a and b d. neither a nor b
Susan smokes cigarettes and is, by her own admission, addicted to them. The implicated in Susan's addiction is both a and b.
Option C is correct.
How Addictive Is Smoking?Within seconds of inhaling cigarette smoke, vape mist, or consuming chewing tobacco, nicotine releases dopamine in your brain, making you feel better. Over time, the brain begins to crave that feeling of nicotine and people need to consume more and more cigarettes to get the same good feeling.
What are the main effects of smoking?Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Smoking also increases the risk of immune system problems such as tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis.
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what are key difficulties of delivering on the hopes attached to the idea of sustainable development?
Harmonizing three key factors—economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection—is essential for sustainable development.
What is a sustainable example?When natural resources are protected, environmental sustainability results. Pesticides, fertilizers, and monocropping all erode healthy soil. That soil loses its ability to grow food when it becomes sterile. One illustration of environmental sustainability is that.
How is a good sustainable created?A product must be feasible to create and/or consume without causing harm or devastation in order to be considered sustainable. It is doubtful that a product may be called sustainable if its manufacture uses nonrenewable resources, harms the environment, or negatively affects people or society.
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In what type of people are age spots, tiny blood vessels, etc apparent in? And what age?
By age 40 in people who work outside most of their lives (farmers, sailors, and construction workers), but they are more troubling to people (usually women) who associate youth with sexual attractiveness..
Age spots are small, flat dark areas on the skin. They vary in size and usually appear on areas exposed to the sun, such as the face, hands, shoulders and arms. Age spots are also called sunspots, liver spots and solar lentigines.
Age spots are very common in adults older than 50, but younger people can get them if they spend time in the sun.
Age spots can look like cancerous growths. True age spots don't need treatment, but they are a sign the skin has received a lot of sun exposure and are an attempt by your skin to protect itself from more sun damage. For cosmetic reasons, they can be lightened or removed.
Age spots:
• Are flat, oval areas of increased pigmentation
• Are usually tan to dark brown
• Occur on skin that has had the most sun exposure over the years, such as the backs of hands, tops of feet, face, shoulders and upper back
You can help prevent age spots by regularly using sunscreen and avoiding the sun.
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describe how social roles, social norms, and scripts are evident in your life. meaning, give me an example of a social role that you play... how does that fit into the social norms... and how scripts guide that behavior.
The participants' acceptance of the fictional social roles they had been assigned to such an extent that they subscribed to norms that could be considered as morally reprehensible and acted according to the scripts they had about the context of imprisonment.
Explain about the imprisonment.
By agreeing that the guards were in authority and that the prisoners had to follow orders, both guards and convicts performed their social responsibilities.
All of them acted according to scripts created from what was known about imprisonment: the guards become violent and abusive, and the inmates resorted to vandalising their cells as a form of protest.
This experiment is relevant to real-world situations because it shows that adopting societal norms at face value can be risky and that one should always maintain a critical mindset.
A great example of a comparison is between the Stanford Jail Experiment, which was conducted in 1971, and the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, where army personnel and CIA agents mistreated prisoners of war in 2003.
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neuroimaging studies examining potential causes of schizophrenia have discovered that an area of the brain called the
An area of the brain called the cingulum bundle appears to have significantly less myelin coating on the axons of its neurons in individuals with schizophrenia compared to those without the condition, according to neuroimaging studies examining potential causes of schizophrenia.
Neurons are facts messengers. They use energetic impulses and synthetic signals to send facts between various fields of intelligence and between the mind and so forth of the central nervous system. The cingulum bundle is a prominent silver matter lot that interconnects faсade, parietal, and medial material sites, while still connecting subcortical nuclei to the cingulate gyrus.
Neuroimaging studies have used changes in ancestry flow or allure to try parts of the brain alive while rational persons perform tasks. Schizophrenia is a serious insanity at which point the population interprets the real world unusually. Schizophrenia can result in a few blends of hallucinations, misconceptions, and extremely unsettled thinking and demeanor that impair often functioning, and can be crippling.
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What kind of person is Thomas Putnam? Offer one concrete detail about him from the text to characterize him.
Thomas Putnam is An Unpleasant Man , Born into one of Salem's wealthiest families, he has been called "the sick man" and "the wrathful man." He considers himself "intellectually superior to most people around him."
What is Thomas Putnam's motivation in the Crucible?Putnam is a bitter man who feels that the citizens of Salem are not giving him and his family the respect they deserve. He seeks respect and revenge by increasing his wealth, land and influence as much as possible.
Who is Thomas Putnam in Act 1?Thomas Putnam is a greedy man who urges Reverend Paris to become stronger and confront the witchcraft within them. He uses his daughter to accuse people with the property he covets. Miller and most historians believed that many of the witchcraft accusations were based on such greedy and selfish desires.
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explain the degree to which the process of assimilation affects the cultural landscapes of new york city and tokyo.
Assimilation, that is when members of one cultural group adopt the behavior of another group but keep some of their uniqueness, affects New York City and Tokyo's landscape by the stores and technology.
How does assimilation change the terrain of culture?When a minority culture assimilates, it loses some of its distinctive customs in the process as it takes on the host culture. An illustration of this would be moving to a new nation and abandoning your original language and culture.
What issues did assimilation bring about?Prejudice, discrimination, stereotypes, and federal legislation itself were some of the biggest obstacles to assimilation. In America, discrimination was a problem for many ethnic groups. Jewish workers had issues with coworkers, including those who were of the same religion as them but were not Jewish.
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a major check on presidential power is the impeachment and removal process. during this process, the house of representatives will decide guilt or innocence on the articles of impeachment.
the shelter rule affords what rights to the ultimate recipient of a transferred negotiable instrument that was at some point transferred by a holder in due course?
Pursuant to the shelter rule, the transferee of a negotiable instrument receives all of the rights of the transferor of the instrument, unless the transfer is carried out by fraud or illegal means.
What aims does the shelter concept pursue?The shelter concept also offers protection to buyers who buy collateral from other consumers. According to this equitable principle, a good faith buyer of property basically acquires all of the rights that the transferor of that property possessed.
What kind of shelter is provided?According to applicable State law (including regulation) governing the regular provision of shelter, safe homes, meals, and supportive services to victims of family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence, the term "shelter" refers to the provision of temporary refuge and supportive services.
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how many u.s. states in 2018 had legislative mandates for character education in the school curriculum?
Between January and September 2021, 24 state legislatures presented 54 unique laws aimed at restricting teaching and training in K-12 schools, higher education, and governmental agencies and institutions across the United States.
School curriculum:The bulk of these measures prevent instructors and trainers in K-12 schools, public institutions, and professional settings from discussing race, racism, gender, and American history. These proposals appear to be intended to suppress intellectual and educational debates while imposing government mandates on teaching and learning. In a nutshell, they're educational gag orders.
The school standards are a collection of characteristics based on the opinions of various experts on the competencies that a person must have after completing a specific grade of education. These competences ensure that the graduate will be equipped to do various duties appropriate to his or her age. Thus, basic education includes high school as the final level of instruction before joining the broader labor market.
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the political doctrine that puts primary emphasis on the liberty and rights of individuals against encroachments by the state is known as
The political doctrine that puts primary emphasis on the liberty and rights of individuals against encroachments by the state is known as liberalism.
What are some examples of liberalism?
Liberalism is generally acknowledged to be built around the core liberal principles of freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, the separation of church and state, the right to due process, and equality before the law.
What is the main idea of classical liberalism?
Free market and laissez-faire economics, civil rights under the rule of law with a focus on individual autonomy, limited government, economic freedom, political freedom, and freedom of expression are all principles of classical liberalism, a political tradition and subset of liberalism.
What is positive liberalism?
Positive liberty, as opposed to negative liberty, which is freedom from external restraint on one’s actions, is the possession of the capacity and resources to act within the framework of the structural limitations of the larger society which effects a person’s ability to act.
What does negative liberalism mean?
Negative liberty is the absence of outside intervention. Positive liberty (having the ability and resources to realise one’s own potential) contrasts with negative liberty, which is primarily concerned with freedom from external limitation.
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The Whiskey Rebellion Challenged the idea that - **PLEASE HELP<<<<3**
- the federal government could raise tariffs to protect industries
- a national military was needed for dealing with foreign threats
- a national court system was needed for resolving disputes between states
- the federal government had the power to pass and enforce tax laws
Answer:
The Whiskey Rebellion was the first test of federal authority in the United States. This rebellion enforced the idea that the new government had the right to levy a particular tax that would impact citizens in all states.
Explanation:
according to smith v. doe, are sex offender registration laws constitutional when considering ex post facto requirements of the law?
The Supreme Court upheld Alaska's sex-offender registration law in Smith v. Doe, 538 U.S. 84 (2003). The Court decided, 6-3, that the sex offender registration law is not an unconstitutional ex post facto statute since it deals with civil laws, not criminal ones.
What are civil laws?A body of laws or a legal system known as civil law deals specifically with the civil and private rights of individuals rather than the general public. It is typically formalised and focuses on the private relationships between two or more persons. Civil law is an international legal system that has its roots in mainland Europe. Roman law serves as the intellectual foundation for the civil law system, and its key concepts have been codified into a referable system, which is the main source of legislation. In contrast to criminal law, civil law is the portion of a nation's code of laws that regulates residents' private lives, such as marriage and property ownership.
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luella's therapist has recommended that they employ systematic desensitization to help luella overcome her fear of flying. what is the first step to take?
Teach Luella how to use progressive muscle relaxation or another type of relaxation.
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a deep relaxation method that has been successfully used to lessen the symptoms of some types of chronic pain as well as to control stress and anxiety. A key component of progressive muscle relaxation is the straightforward technique of tensing or tightening one muscle group at a time, followed by a relaxation phase in which the tension is released. You can learn how to relax your muscles with the two-step Progressive Muscle Relaxation technique. In the beginning, you repeatedly contract certain muscle groups in your body, such your neck and shoulders. After that, you relax your muscles and take note of how they feel.
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define classical conditioning and behaviorism, and describe the basic components of classical conditioning.
According to the given An organism learns to associate stimuli through a type of learning known as classical conditioning.
What does behaviorism mean in plain English?Behaviorism's core tenet is that all acts are taught through interactions with the outside environment. According to this learning theory, contextual influences have a much greater impact on behavior than inherent or inherited traits.
What is a psychological example of behaviorism?Teachers rewarding their class or particular pupils with the a party or special gift there at end of the week for excellent behaviour throughout the week is an example of behaviorism. Punishments utilize the same idea.
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What component of prenatal vitamins reduces the potential of a neonatal spina bifida birth defect?.
TRUE/FALSE. as people increasingly rely on impersonal digital devices to communicate, the in-person concert experience becomes less appealing.
Answer: False
Explanation:
(Q024) Suppose that the following information is known about Asa: He earns $126,000 in annual income, has a net worth of $324,000, has a master's degree, and works as a civil engineer. A sociologist could use this information to classify Asa in terms of his ____.
a. social equality
b. status-attainment
c. caste
d. socioeconomic status
A sociologist could use this information to classify Asa in terms of his "socioeconomic status".
Explanation:
A person or group's standing in society, or class is a status of socioeconomic. It is often calculated as a hybrid of education, income, and employment. Socio-economic status assessments also show differences in access to resources, plus concerns of privilege, control and power.Viewing such a medium as a form of new innovation, the five socio-economic characteristics of gender, age, income level, education level and Internet access were researched to see whether there is any association among these five variables and the readiness of the customer to embrace e-commerce.
negotiations that take place directly between prison staff and a designated speaker to speak on the rioters' behalf are called what?
Negotiations that take place directly between prison staff and a designated speaker to speak on the rioters' behalf are called direct negotiations.
What are direct negotiations?
In a procurement process known as "direct negotiations," a purchasing organization may get in touch with a single contractor of its choosing to request a quote or tender without first engaging in a real "competitive" process. Direct negotiations may also be used to modify an existing contract.
To reach a mutually understood understanding, speakers engage in a process known as meaning negotiation. There are several methods for negotiating meaning, including asking for clarification, rephrasing, and confirming what you believe you have understood.
Therefore, Direct discussions are those that happen face-to-face between jail personnel and a chosen representative who will speak on the rioters' behalf.
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according to yeh et al. (2006), which of the following statements is true about sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction?
Early on in a marriage, a high level of se-xual satisfaction has been shown to improve the quality and stability of the union.
What changes in a marriage's initial few years affect marital satisfaction?Couples' satisfaction with their relationship typically declines throughout the first few years of marriage; if the drop is particularly extreme, divorce may happen.
Is sexual satisfaction important in marriage?Physical intimacy and the need for both partners to feel listened and satisfied are essential elements of a successful marriage. One person's desires cannot take precedence over another's. Instead, it must be a constant dialogue where both parties feel free to share their ideas and objectives.
What period of a marriage appears to have the highest levels of marital satisfaction?One of the initial discoveries in the research on marital satisfaction is that, typically, partners' happiness peaks around the time of the wedding and then steadily drops after that.
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What is the current regional trade agreement that guides trade in north america?.
The U.S. at Mexico and in Canada Agreement (USMCA) is the ongoing trade agreement among the named parties. The USMCA guides and replaced a part of North American Free type of Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has released a USMCA Center to function a one forestall save for facts regarding the USMCA. The USMCA Center coordinates CBP’s implementation of the USMCA Agreement, making sure a easy transition with constant and complete steerage to our inner and outside stakeholders.
The NAFTA is The North American Free Trade Agreement is a treaty among Canada, Mexico and the United States. The cause is of getting rid of boundaries to the change of products and offerings many of the 3 countries. Free change regions are shaped via way of means of agencies of nations that signal agreements to facilitate change and decrease change boundaries. The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a change in guides deal that changed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
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fear or anxiety associated with interaction, which keeps someone from being able to communicate appropriately is called
Selective mutism refers to the condition in which a person is unable to communicate effectively due to social anxiety or dread.
What exactly is Selective Mutism? Selective mutism is a severe anxiety disease in which a person is unable to communicate in particular social contexts, such as with schoolmates or distant relatives.If left untreated, it typically begins in childhood and can last into adulthood.The inability to speak prevents a child or adult with selective mutism from refusing or choosing not to speak at particular times.What is the sign of selective mutism?The onset of selective mutism often occurs between the ages of 2 and 4 years old.When a child begins interacting with others outside of their family, such as when they enter nursery or school, it is frequently at this point that it is first observed.Jittery, anxious, or socially awkward unpleasant, clinging, indifferent, or sulky stiff, tense, or uncoordinated, defiant or violent, throwing temper tantrums when they get home from school, or becoming enraged when parents inquire about them.Selective mutism refers to the condition in which a person is unable to communicate effectively due to social anxiety or dread.
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people who score high in are good at forming relationships, are more satisfied in their relationships, and are likely to maintain a large number of relationships.
People who score high in are good at forming relationships, are more satisfied in their relationships, and are likely to maintain a large number of relationships because of Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness.
The NEO-5 major five elements were proposed by Paul Costa and McCrae. In this character test, five significant qualities are estimated by this character test. There are Ocean five significant qualities.
Appropriateness or Agreeableness: The individual who scores high on this quality show various attributes, for example,
The individual will intrigue others demonstrate consideration about others
Extroversion: The individual who shows a high score on this quality is partake in the focal point of fascination. This sort of character likes to begin a discussion with others.
Honesty or Conscientiousness: The individual who will score high on this class will be coordinated, focus on the data and complete the responsibility with impeccable timing in the correct manner.
In this manner the individual who scores high on these attributes will have more pleasant relationships.
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