The general ledger of the Karlin Company, a consulting company, at January 1, 2018, contained the following account balances:
Account Title Debits Credits
Cash 30,000
Accounts receivable 15,000
Equipment 20,000
Accumulated depreciation 6,000
Salaries payable 9,000
Common stock 40,500
Retained earnings 9,500
Total 65,000 65,000
The following is a summary of the transactions for the year:
Sales of services, $100,000, of which $30,000 was on credit.
Collected on accounts receivable, $27,300.
Issued shares of common stock in exchange for $10,000 in cash.
Paid salaries, $50,000 (of which $9,000 was for salaries payable).
Paid miscellaneous expenses, $24,000.
Purchased equipment for $15,000 in cash.
Paid $2,500 in cash dividends to shareholders.
Accrued salaries at year-end amounted to $1,000.
Depreciation for the year on the equipment is $2,000.
Required:
2., 5, & 8. Prepare the summary, adjusting and closing entries for each of the transactions listed.
3. Post the transactions, adjusting and closing entries into the appropriate t-accounts.
4. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance.
6. Prepare an adjusted trial balance.
7-a. Prepare an income statement for 2018.
7-b. Prepare a balance sheet as of December 31, 2018.
9. Prepare a post-closing trial balance.

Answer:

Karlin Company

T-Accounts

Cash

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance    30,000

Service Revenue       70,000

Accounts receivable 27,300

Common Stock         10,000

Salaries payable                          9,000

Salaries expense                       41,000

Miscellaneous expenses         24,000

Equipment                                 15,000

Dividends                                   2,500

Balance                                    45,800

Totals                 137,300        137,300

Accounts receivable

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance   15,000

Service Revenue     30,000

Cash                                          27,300

Balance                                      17,700

Totals                      45,000     45,000

Equipment

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance   20,000

Cash                          15,000

Balance                                      35,000

Totals                       35,000      35,000

Accumulated depreciation

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance                       6,000

Depreciation expense                 2,000

Balance                      8,000

Totals                         8,000        8,000

Salaries payable

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance                       9,000

Cash                           9,000

Salaries Expense                          1,000

Balance                       1,000

Totals                        10,000      10,000

Common stock

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance                     40,500

Cash                                            10,000

Balance                     50,500

Totals                        50,500     50,500

Retained earnings

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Beginning balance                      9,500

Dividend

Account Title            Debits       Credits

Cash                        2,500

Service Revenue

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                                           70,000

Accounts Receivable                30,000

Balance                    100,000

Totals                       100,000  100,000

Salaries Expense

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                         41,000

Salaries payable        1,000

Balance                                       42,000

Totals                       42,000      42,000

Miscellaneous Expense

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                         24,000

Depreciation Expense

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Accumulated depr    2,000

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                        $45,800

Accounts receivable 17,700

Equipment                35,000

Accumulated depreciation        $6,000

Common stock                          50,500

Retained earnings                       9,500

Dividends                  2,500

Service Revenue                     100,000

Salaries expense     41,000

Miscellaneous exp. 24,000

Totals                   $166,000 $166,000

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                        $45,800

Accounts receivable 17,700

Equipment                35,000

Accumulated depreciation        $8,000

Salaries payable                           1,000

Common stock                          50,500

Retained earnings                       9,500

Dividends                  2,500

Service Revenue                     100,000

Salaries expense    42,000

Miscellaneous exp. 24,000

Depreciation exp.     2,000

Totals                   $169,000 $169,000

Service Revenue                       100,000

Salaries expense    42,000

Miscellaneous exp. 24,000

Depreciation exp.     2,000       68,000

Net Income                                32,000

Retained earnings 1/1/2018        9,500

Dividends                                    2,500

Retained earnings 12/31/2018 39,000    

Assets

Cash                                      $45,800

Accounts receivable                17,700

Equipment                35,000

Acc. depreciation       8,000  27,000

Total assets                         $90,500

Liabilities + Equity:

Salaries payable                           1,000

Common stock                          50,500

Retained earnings                     39,000

Total liabilities + equity           $90,500

Account Title               Debits       Credits

Cash                          $45,800

Accounts receivable    17,700

Equipment                  35,000

Acc. depreciation                        $8,000

Salaries payable                            1,000

Common stock                          50,500

Retained earnings                     39,000

Totals                     $98,500   $98,500

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Trial Balance as of January 1, 2018:

Account Title             Debits       Credits

Cash                          30,000

Accounts receivable 15,000

Equipment                20,000

Accumulated depreciation        $6,000

Salaries payable        9,000

Common stock                          40,500

Retained earnings                       9,500

Total                        65,000      65,000

The Oxford Company uses a job order cost system and applies factory overhead to jobs on the basis of direct labor cost. During the month of July, the following activities took place in the work-in-process account:

Beginning $15,000
Direct materials 10,000
Direct labor 30,000
Overhead applied 15,000
  
At the end of July, only one job (Job #15), was still in process. This job has been charged with $2,000 of direct materials cost.
Required:
Determine the amount of direct labor cost incurred and overhead applied in the ending inventory of work-in-process on July 31.

Which phrase best completes the list?
Characteristics of the U.S. Economy
Free market with some government regulation
Competition between businesses encouraged
A. No centralized banking system
B. Banks owned mostly by the government
o o
Ο Ο
C. Tax rates set by private companies
D. Individuals and businesses given economic freedom

Indigo Company exchanged equipment used in its manufacturing operations plus $3,960 in cash for similar equipment used in the operations of Sweet Company. The following information pertains to the exchange.

Indigo Co. Sweet Co.
Equipment (cost) $36,960 $36,960
Accumulated depreciation 25,080 13,200
Fair value of equipment 16,500 20,460
Cash given up 3,960

Required:
a. Prepare the journal entries to record the exchange on the books of both companies. Assume that the exchange lacks commercial substance.
b. Prepare the journal entries to record the exchange on the books of both companies. Assume that the exchange has commercial substance.

Everlast Co. manufactures a variety of drill bits. The company's plant is partially automated. The budget for the year includes $432,000 payroll for 4,800 direct labor-hours. Listed below is cost driver information used in the product-costing system:

Overhead Cost Pool Budgeted Overhead Cost Driver Estimated Cost Driver Level
Machine setups $120,000 # of setups 120 setups
Materials handling 104,400 # of barrels 8,700 barrels
Quality control 264,000 # of inspections 1,100 inspections
Other overhead cost 144,000 # of machine hours 12,000 machine hours
Total overhead $632,400

A current product order has the following requirements:

Machine setups 8 setups
Materials handling 606 barrels
Quality inspections 80 inspections
Machine hours 830 machine hours
Direct labor hour 336 hours

Using ABC, how much other overhead is assigned to the order?

a. $9,960.
b. $8,000.
c. $11,108.
d. $45,992.
e. $19,200.

Lincoln, Inc., which uses a volume-based cost system, produces cat condos that sell for $140 each. Direct materials cost $22 per unit, and direct labor costs $15 per unit. Manufacturing overhead is applied at a rate of 280% of direct labor cost. Nonmanufacturing costs are $34 per unit. What is the gross profit margin for the cat condos

If Cho's boss is interested in a graphical representation of the relationship between the price and quantity of televisions demanded, you would advise your coworker to construct_____________ using the data provided. However, if Cho's boss is more interested in the detailed numbers used to construct this visual representation, you would instead advise your coworker that_________ would be more appropriate.

Which of the following best illustrates Hofstede's definition of collectivism?
a. Managers at Honest Tea expect that all employees will have an interest and part in environmental sustainability
b. The founder of Honest Tea stresses the importance of equality and opportunity
c. An employee of Honest Tea prefers to work alone and puts him- or herself above others
d. The managers of Honest Tea prefer tradition over change
e. Employees in Honest Tea have high levels of anxiety about uncertainty

Sorter Company purchased equipment for $330,000 on January 2, 2019. The equipment has an estimated service life of 8 years and an estimated residual value of $33,000 . Required: Compute the depreciation expense for 2019 under each of the following methods: Straight-line: $ fill in the blank 1 Sum-of-the-years'-digits: $ fill in the blank 2 Double-declining-balance: $

Starbucks opened its first store in Seoul, Korea in October 2002. The price of a tall vanilla latte is 3,000 Korean Won. In New York City, the price of a tall vanilla latte is $3.00. The exchange rate between Korean Won and U.S. dollars is Won 1,150/$. According to purchasing power parity, is the Korean Won overvalued or undervalued

1) Consider the single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.7 and an expected return of 19%. Portfolio B has a beta of .6 and an expected return of 15%. The risk-free rate of return is 11%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio __________ and a long position in portfolio

Diaz Company owns a milling machine that cost $126,500 and has accumulated depreciation of $92,700. Prepare the entry to record the disposal of the milling machine on January 3 under each of the following independent situations. The machine needed extensive repairs, and it was not worth repairing. Diaz disposed of the machine, receiving nothing in return. Diaz sold the machine for $15,900 cash. Diaz sold the machine for $33,800 cash. Diaz sold the machine for $41,200 cash.

Eric wants to invest in government securities that promise to pay $1,000 at maturity. The opportunity cost (interest rate) of holding the security is 13.80%. Assuming that both investments have equal risk and Ericâs investment time horizon is flexible, which of the following investment options will exhibit the lower price?

a. An investment that matures in four years
b. An investment that matures in five years

Match each of the following terms A through F with the appropriate definitions 1 through 6.
A. Maker of a note
B. Interest
C. Promissory note
D. Payee of a note
E. Principal of a note
F. Dishonoring a note _____
1. A written promise to pay a specified amount either on demand or at a definite future date. _____
2. The cost of borrowing money for a borrower, alternatively the profit from, lending money for a lender. _____
3. One who signs a note and promises to pay it at maturity. _____
4. The one to whom the promissory note is made payable. _____
5. Refers to a note maker's inability or refusal to pay the note at maturity. _____
6. The amount that the signer of a note agrees to pay back when the note matures, not including interest. Defining promissory notes.

An economic profit includes implicit costs and accounting profit does not. A distinction between them is important because an accounting profit is a relative amount of money. Some amount of accounting profit may or may not be a sufficient amount of profit to keep an entrepreneur in:________

Problem 4-8 Sales and Growth [LO2] The most recent financial statements for Alexander Co. are shown here: Income Statement Balance Sheet Sales $ 42,950 Current assets $ 17,580 Long-term debt $ 37,070 Costs 35,550 Fixed assets 68,350 Equity 48,860 Taxable income $ 7,400 Total $ 85,930 Total $ 85,930 Taxes (21%) 1,554 Net income $ 5,846 Assets and costs are proportional to sales. The company maintains a constant 35 percent dividend payout ratio and a constant debt-equity ratio. What is the maximum dollar increase in sales that can be sustained assuming no new equity is issued

The service-profit chain is designed to help managers better understand the key linkages in a service delivery system that drive customer loyalty, revenue growth, and higher profits.

a. True
b. False

preparing its Manufacturing Overhead Budget for the fourth quarter of the year. The budgeted variable manufacturing overhead rate is $1.70 per direct labor-hour; the budgeted fixed manufacturing overhead is $116,000 per month, of which $30,000 is factory depreciation. If the budgeted direct labor time for December is 4,000 hours, then the predetermined manufacturing overhead per direct labor-hour for December would be:

Jamie is considering leaving her current job, which pays $75,000 per year, to start a new company that develops applications for smartphones. Based on market research, she can sell about 50,000 units during the first year at a price of $4 per unit. With annual overhead costs and operating expenses amounting to $145,000. Jamie expects a profit margin of 20 percent. This margin is 5 percent larger than that of her largest competitor, Apps. Inc.
a. If Jamie decides to embark on her new venture, What will her accounting cost be during the first year of operation? Her implicit costs? Her opportunity costs?
Accounting costs: $_____
Implicit costs: $_____
Opportunity costs: $_____
b. Suppose that Jamie's estimated selling price is lower than originally projected during the first year. How much revenue would she need in order to earn positive accounting profits? Positive economic profits?
Revenue needed to earn positive accounting profits: $______
Revenue needed to earn positive economic profits:

By convention, a swap buyer on an interest rate swap agrees to act as the dealer in the swap agreement. hold both principal and interest to contract maturity. periodically pay a fixed rate of interest and receive a floating rate of interest. back both sides of the swap agreement. periodically pay a floating rate of interest and receive a fixed rate of interest.

A common error made when solving a future value of an annuity problem is: Multiple Choice Using factor tables to help solve the problem. Dividing the annual deposit by the number of years before calculating the problem. Using a financial calculator to help solve the problem. Multiplying the number of years and the interest rate before calculating the problem. Multiplying the annual deposit and the number of years before calculating the problem.

On November 1, Arvelo Corporation had $34,500 of raw materials on hand. During the month, the company purchased an additional $75,500 of raw materials. During November, $90,000 of raw materials were requisitioned from the storeroom for use in production. These raw materials included both direct and indirect materials. The indirect materials totaled $3,500. Prepare journal entries to record these events. Use those journal entries to answer the following questions:

M. K. Gallant is president of Kranbrack Corporation, a company whose stock is traded on a national exchange. In a meeting with investment analysts at the beginning of the year, Gallant had predicted that the company’s earnings would grow by 20% this year. Unfortunately, sales have been less than expected for the year, and Gallant concluded within two weeks of the end of the fiscal year that it would be impossible to report an increase in earnings as large as predicted unless some drastic action was taken. Accordingly, Gallant has ordered that wherever possible, expenditures should be postponed to the new year—including canceling or postponing orders with suppliers, delaying planned maintenance and training, and cutting back on end-of-year advertising and travel. Additionally, Gallant ordered the company’s controller to carefully scrutinize all costs that are currently classified as period costs and reclassify as many as possible as product costs. The company is expected to have substantial inventories at the end of the year.

1. Why would reclassifying period costs as product costs increase this period’s reported earnings?

2. Do you believe Gallant’s actions are ethical? Why or why not?

Tammy, a resident of Virginia, is considering purchasing a $100,000 North Carolina bond that yields 4.6% before tax. She is in the 35% Federal marginal tax bracket and the 5% state marginal tax bracket. She is aware that State of Virginia bonds of comparable risk are yielding 4.5%. However, the Virginia bonds are exempt from Virginia tax, but the North Carolina bond interest is taxable in Virginia. Tammy can deduct any state taxes paid on her Federal income tax return. In your analysis, assume that the bond amount is $100,000.

As part of its commitment to quality, the J. J. Borden manufacturing company is proposing to introduce just-in-time (JIT) production methods. Managers of the company have an intuitive feel regarding the financial benefits associated with a change to JIT, but they would like to have some data to inform their decision making in this regard. You are provided with the following data:
Item ExistingSituation AfterAdopting JIT
Manufacturing costs as percentage of sales:
Product-level support 15 % 4 %
Variable manufacturing overhead 28 10
Direct materials 30 20
Direct manufacturing labor 20 13
Other financial data:
Sales revenue $ 1,430,000 $ 1,810,000
Inventory of WIP 260,000 46,000
Other data:
Manufacturing cycle time 60 days 30 days
Inventory financing costs (per annum) 10 % 10 %
Required:
As the management accountant for the company, prepare an estimate the financial benefits associated with the adoption of JIT. Specifically, what is the estimated change in annual operating income attributable to the JIT implementation?

a. Performed $29,400 of services on account.
b. Collected $17,500 cash on accounts receivable.
c. Paid $4,400 cash in advance for an insurance policy.
d. Paid $570 on accounts payable.
e. Recorded the adjusting entry to recognize $3,700 of insurance expense.
f. Recorded the adjusting entry to recognize $300 accrued interest revenue.
g. Received $9,500 cash for services to be performed at a later date.
h. Purchased land for $1,560 cash.
i. Purchased supplies for $1,800 cash.
Required:
Record each of the above transactions in general journal form and then show the effect of the transaction in a horizontal statements model. The first transaction is shown as an example. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)
Transaction Account Titles Debit Credit
a Accounts receivable 29,400
Service revenue 29,400
Show the effect of the transaction in a horizontal statements model. The first transaction is shown as an example. (In the Cash Flow column, use OA to designate operating activity, IA for investment activity, FA for financing activity, NC for net change in cash and NA to indicate the element is not affected by the event. Enter any decreases to account balances with a minus sign.)

On January 2, 2021, Miller Properties paid $28 million for 1 million shares of Marlon Company's 6 million outstanding common shares. Miller's CEO became a member of Marlon's board of directors during the first quarter of 2021.
The carrying amount of Marlon's net assets was $117 million. Miller estimated the fair value of those net assets to be the same except for a patent valued at $36 million above cost. The remaining amortization period for the patent is 10 years.
Marlon reported earnings of $54 million and paid dividends of $6 million during 2021. On December 31, 2021, Marlon's common stock was trading on the NYSE at $27.50 per share.
Required: 2. Assume Miller accounts for its investment in Marlon using the equity method. Ignoring income taxes, determine the amounts related to the investment to be reported in its 2021. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter all amounts as positive values. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 1 decimal places, (i.e., 5,500,000 should be entered as 5.5).):
a. Income statement million
b. Balance sheet million
c. Statement of cash flows
Operating cash flow million
Investing cash flow million

1. A manager uses the following equation to predict monthly receipts: Y=450+10t time in weeks and y = receipts.) What is the forecast for July 14th if t=4 is the fourth week in January and t = 6 is February 14th of the same year (assume there are 4 weeks in each month)?
a. 690
b. 710
c. 730
d. 750
2. A major reason that decision making is often not such a rational process is that there are: Suppose we have H0:µ1= µ2 versus HA: µ1 ≠ µ2, with level of significance of α =.05 and critical values of zα/2 = ± 1.96, and the computed Test Statistics value of Z = -1.07. What is our decision?

After graduating from college, you are hired by the Ford automobile company as an economic analyst. For your first project, you are asked to estimate what would happen to the sales of Ford Mustangs as a result of a change in (i) the price of a Chevrolet Camaro, (ii) the price of gasoline, and (iii) consumer incomes. You are given the following elasticities:

price elasticity Of demand for Ford Mustangs= -2.5
Cross-price elasticity between Ford Mustangs and Camaros =1.5
Cross-price elasticity between Ford Mustangs and gasoline= -0.80
Income elasticity of demand for Ford Mustangs= 3.00

a. Suppose the price Of a Camaro falls by 10%. With all else being equal, sales of Ford Mustangs would______ by_______%
b. If the price of gasoline increases by 20%, the quantity of Ford Mustangs would _________by_______%

Manufacturing overhead for the month was underapplied by $6,000. The company allocates any underapplied or overapplied manufacturing overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the overhead applied during the month in those accounts. The journal entry to record the allocation of any underapplied or overapplied manufacturing overhead for January would include the following:
Work In Process Finished Goods Cost of Goods Sold Total
Direct materials $10,670 $12,000 $81,120 $103,790
Direct labor 11,630 15,000 101,400 128,030
Manufacturing
overhead applied 9,680 9,680 68,640 88,000
Total $31,980 $36,680 $251,160 $319,820
Manufacturing overhead for the month was underapplied by $6,000.
The Corporation allocates any underapplied or overapplied manufacturing overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the manufacturing overhead applied during the month in those accounts.
The journal entry to record the allocation of any underapplied or overapplied manufacturing overhead for May would include the following:
a. credit to Work in Process of $31,980.
b. debit to Work in Process of $660.
c. credit to Work in Process of $660.
d. debit to Work in Process of $31,980.

On January 1, Year 1, a contractor began work on a $3.2 million construction contract that is expected to be completed in 3 years. The contractor concludes that it is appropriate to recognize revenue over time using the input method based on costs incurred (cost-to-cost method). At the inception date, the estimated cost of construction was $2.4 million. The following data relate to the actual and expected construction costs:

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Costs incurred $720,000 $1,170,000 $1,110,000
Expected future costs $1,680,000 $810,000 $0

For this long-term construction contract, the contractor needs to calculate the estimated dollar values of the revenue and gross profit (loss) to be recognized each year. Complete the contractor's long-term construction contract using the information above. Write the appropriate amounts in the associated cells. Indicate losses by using a leading minus (-) sign. Round all amounts to the nearest dollar. If no entry is necessary, enter a zero (0).

Revenue Gross profit (loss)
Year 1
Year 2