Answer:
$112,500
Explanation:
With regards to the above information, we would compute first the Los Angeles division revenue.
Contribution margin
= Loss Angeles division revenues - Variable operating expenses
Los Angeles division revenues
= $200,000 + $50,000
= $250,000
Variable operating expenses
= ($110,000 × $250,000) / $200,000
= $137,500
Therefore,
Contribution margin
= $250,000 - $137,500
= $112,500
It means that if variable expenses are tied directly to revenues, the new Los Angeles profit margin would be $112,500
How did the Internet help give rise to the “sharing economy?”
By the means of internet apps that rent directly to consumers or connect consumer peer to peer access. For an example eBay was one of the first enablers of the sharing economy since it provided a global marketing where anyone could purchase or sell goods.
Ace Company purchased 10,000 bonds issued by Jack Company in 2018 for $53 per bond and classified the investment as securities available-for-sale. The value of the Jack investment was $83 per bond on December 31, 2019, and $100 per bond on December 31, 2020. During 2021, Ace sold all of its Jack investment at $148 per bond. In its 2021 income statement, Ace would report: Multiple Choice A gain of $950,000. A gain of $480,000. A gain of $470,000. A gain of $1,420,000.
Answer:
A gain of $950,000
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
= ($83 - $53) × 10,000 bonds + ($100 - $83) × 10,000 bonds + ($148 - $100) × 10,000 bonds
= $300,000 + $170,000 + $480,000
= $950,000
Hence, the first option is correct
Leroy ordered a DVD player for his son's birthday. While the manufacturer guaranteed that it would ship the player within ten business days, the player was not shipped until three months after Leroy placed his order. By the time the DVD player arrived, Leroy's son's birthday had long since passed. When the player arrived, Leroy refused to sign for it. Under these circumstances:
A. Leroy holds title to the DVD player.
B. The manufacturer can only regain title if it sues Leroy.
C. Leroy and the manufacture have joint title.
Answer:
C. Leroy and the manufacturer have joint title
rationing a product by coupons when recipients are allowed to sell them will cause
Three identical units of merchandise were purchased during July, as follows: Date Product T Units Cost July 3 Purchase 1 $31 10 Purchase 1 34 24 Purchase 1 37 Total 3 $102 Average cost per unit $34 Assume one unit sells on July 28 for $48. Determine the gross profit, cost of goods sold, and ending inventory on July 31 using (a) first-in, first-out, (b) last-in, first-out, and (c) average cost flow methods.
Answer:
(a) first-in, first-out,
Cost of Sales = $31
Ending Inventory = $71
Gross Profit = $17
(b) last-in, first-out,
Cost of Sales = $37
Ending Inventory = $65
Gross Profit = $17
(c) average cost flow methods.
Cost of Sales = $48
Ending Inventory = $96
Gross Profit = $0
Explanation:
(a) first-in, first-out,
FIFO method assumes that the units to arrive first, will be sold first. This means cost of sales will be based on earlier (old) prices whilst inventory valuation will be on recent (new) prices.
Cost of Sales = 1 x $31 = $31
Ending Inventory = 1 x $34 + 1 x $37 = $71
Gross Profit = $48 - $31 = $17
(b) last-in, first-out,
LIFO method assumes that the units to arrive last will be sold first. This means cost of sales will be based on recent (new) prices whilst inventory valuation will be on earlier (old) prices.
Cost of Sales = 1 x $37 = $37
Ending Inventory = 1 x $34 + 1 x $31 = $65
Gross Profit = $48 - $37 = $17
(c) average cost flow methods.
This method calculates a new average unit cost with each and every purchase made. This unit cost is used to determine the cost of sales and inventory value.
Cost of Sales = 1 x $48 = $48
Ending Inventory = 2 x $48 = $96
Gross Profit = $48 - $48 = $0
Paparo Corporation has provided the following data from its activity-based costing system: Activity Cost Pool Total Cost Total Activity Assembly $ 794,300 47,000 machine-hours Processing orders $ 61,280 1,600 orders Inspection $ 109,681 1,430 inspection-hours Data concerning the company's product Q79Y appear below: Annual unit production and sales 500 Annual machine-hours 1,130 Annual number of orders 115 Annual inspection hours 20 Direct materials cost $ 42.00 per unit Direct labor cost $ 41.31 per unit According to the activity-based costing system, the average cost of product Q79Y is closest to:
Answer:
Unitary costs= $133.38
Explanation:
First, we need to calculate the activities rate:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Assembly= 794,300 / 47,000= $16.9 per machine-hour
Processing orders= 61,280 / 1,600= $38.3 per order
Inspection= 109,681 / 1,430= $76.7 per inspection-hour
Now, we can allocate overhead:
Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base
Assembly= 16.9*1,130= 19,097
Processing orders= 38.3*115= 4,404.5
Inspection= 76.7*20= 1,534
Total allocated costs= $25,035.5
Finally, the unitary costs:
Unitary allocated costs= 25,035.5/500= $50.07
Unitary costs= 50.07 + 42 + 41.31
Unitary costs= $133.38
Nemo Gill was hired by the Spectacular Tropical Aquarium and agreed to submit any disputes arising out of his employment to binding arbitration. Nemo was fired when he became a Rastafarian and urged his coworkers to become vegetarians and smoke ganja. Without waiting for the results of the arbitration, Nemo filed a complaint alleging religious discrimination with the EEOC. The EEOC quickly filed a lawsuit on his behalf. Spectacular moved to have the EEOC's lawsuit dismissed on the grounds that Nemo signed a valid arbitration agreement.
a. The EEOC cannot bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular because Nemo signed the mandatory arbitration agreement.
b. The EEOC can bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular despite Nemo's agreeing to arbitration.
c. The EEOC cannot bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular because Nemo did not wait for the results of the arbitration.
d. The EEOC cannot bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular because Nemo's urging his co-workers to smoke ganja and become vegetarians had nothing to do with his job.
Answer:
The correct answer to the question above is OPTION B (The EEOC can bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular despite Nemo's agreeing to arbitration).
Explanation:
Companies (mostly private) usually desire their employees to sign an arbitration agreement giving the fact that it removes the power of an employee to take the employer to court on certain claims instead the claims go through an arbitration proceeding that happens outside of court.
EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) enforces the laws of the state that prohibits discrimination against employees by their employers because of where they come from, their religion, their marital status, sex, their citizenship, and a whole lot more.
So, the EEOC can bring a lawsuit enforcement action against Spectacular despite Nemo's agreeing to arbitration because the EEOC itself was not a party to the arbitration agreement between Spectacular and Nemo, and the U. S. Supreme Court gave EEOC the power to exercise its enforcement powers.
Vince says that the present value of $500 to be received one year from today if the interest rate is 8 percent is more than the present value of $500 to be received two years from today if the interest rate is 4 percent. Terri says that $500 saved for two years at an interest rate of 3 percent has a larger future value than $500 saved for one years at an interest rate of 6 percent. a. Both Vince and Terri are correct. b. Only Vince is correct. c. Only Terri is correct. d. Neither Vince nor Terri is correct.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
To determine if Vince is right, we have to determine the present value of the amounts
Present value is the sum of discounted cash flows
Present value of $500 to be received one year from today500 / 1.08 = $462.96
Present value of $500 to be received two years from today500 / (1.04^2) = $462.28
$462.96 > $462.28 Vince is right
To determine if Terri is right, we have to determine the future value of the amounts
The formula for calculating future value:
FV = P (1 + r)^n
FV = Future value
P = Present value
R = interest rate
N = number of years
500 x (1.03)^2 = $530.45
500 x (1.06) = $530
$530.45 > $530 Terri is right
they are both correct
An advantage of a corporation is that
A
owners pay fewer taxes than owners of other forms of business.
B
the business is subject to little government regulation.
с
owners have limited liability for debt.
D
owners have direct and immediate control over daily management of the business.
Answer:
Explanation:
An advantage of a corporation is that owners have limited liability for debt.
The advantage of a corporation is that owners have limited liability for debt. Thus, option (c) is correct.
This means that the corporate entity shields the shareholders from liability beyond the value of their investments, so protecting their personal assets.
When a company regularly assumes significant risks for which it could be held liable, limited liability is a distinct advantage. A corporation also offers protection from personal liability, continuity, and security for the business, quicker access to financing, and simple ownership transfers.
Therefore, option (c) is correct.
Learn more about on corporation, here:
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Nelter Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations:Selling price $ 122Units in beginning inventory 290Units produced 6,600Units sold 6,590Units in ending inventory 300Variable costs per unit:Direct materials $ 42Direct labor $ 26Variable manufacturing overhead $ 2Variable selling and administrative expense $ 21Fixed costs:Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 151,800Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 46,130The company produces the same number of units every month, although the sales in units vary from month to month. The company's variable costs per unit and total fixed costs have been constant from month to month.Required:a. Prepare a contribution format income statement for the month using variable costing.b. Prepare an income statement for the month using absorption costing.
Answer:
Part a
Nelter Corporation
Contribution format income statement for the month using variable costing
Sales ($ 122 x 6,590) $803,980
Less Cost of Goods Sold
Beginning Inventory $20,300
Add Cost of Goods Manufactured $462,000
Less Ending Inventory ($21,000) ($461,300)
Contribution $342,680
Less Expenses
Selling and administrative expense :
Variable ($21 x 6,590) $138,390
Fixed $46,130
Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 151,800 ($336,320)
Net Income (Loss) $6,360
Part b
Nelter Corporation
Income statement for the month using absorption costing
Sales ($ 122 x 6,590) $803,980
Less Cost of Goods Sold
Beginning Inventory $26,970
Add Cost of Goods Manufactured $613,800
Less Ending Inventory ($27,900) ($612,870)
Gross Profit $191,110
Less Expenses
Selling and administrative expense :
Variable ($21 x 6,590) $138,390
Fixed $46,130 ($184,520)
Net Income (Loss) $6,590
Explanation:
Variable Costing Calculations
Unit Product Cost = Variable Manufacturing Costs
= $ 42 + $ 26 + $ 2
= $ 70
Cost of Goods Manufactured = 6,600 x $ 70 = $462,000
Opening Inventory = 290 x $ 70 = $20,300
Ending Inventory = 300 x $70 = $21,000
Absorption Costing Calculations
Unit Product Cost = Variable Manufacturing Costs
= $ 42 + $ 26 + $ 2 + ($ 151,800 ÷ 6,600)
= $ 42 + $ 26 + $ 2 + $23
= $93
Cost of Goods Manufactured = 6,600 x $93 = $613,800
Opening Inventory = 290 x $93 = $26,970
Ending Inventory = 300 x $93 = $27,900
Mariana works for a large pharmaceutical company. Last week she visited with an advisor at the nearby university because her employer encourages workers to continue their education. The company even gives employees time off to go to academic-related appointments during regularly scheduled work hours. One would assume that management at Mariana's company values the results of the Hawthorne studies, more so than traditional scientific management principles.
a. true
b. false
Matlock Company uses a periodic inventory system. Its beginning inventory consists of 50 units that cost $ 34 each. On June 3, the company purchased 150 units at $ 34 each. On June 15, the company sold 125 units at $ 50 each. Thecompany closes the books on June 30. The physical counts indicate that 75 units are available in the warehouse on June 30. Journalize the June transactions.
Answer:
Matlock Company
Journal Entries:
June 3: Debit Inventory $5,100
Credit Cash $5,100
To record the purchase of inventory.
June 15: Debit Cash $6,250
Credit Sales revenue $6,250
To record the sale of goods.
June 15: Debit Cost of goods sold $4,250
Credit Inventory $4,250
To record the cost of goods sold.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
June 3: Inventory $5,100 Cash $5,100
June 15: Cash $6,250 Sales revenue $6,250
June 15: Cost of goods sold $4,250 Inventory $4,250
Cale Company buys surgical supplies from a variety of manufacturers and then resells and delivers these supplies to hundreds of hospitals. Cale sets its prices for all hospitals by marking up its cost of goods sold to those hospitals by 7%. For example, if a hospital buys supplies from Cale that cost Cale $100 to buy from manufacturers, Cale would charge the hospital $107 to purchase these supplies.For years, Cale believed that the 7% markup covered its selling and administrative expenses and provided a reasonable profit. However, in the face of declining profits, Cale decided to implement an activity-based costing system to help improve its understanding of customer profitability. The company broke its selling and administrative expenses into five activities as shown:Activity Cost Pool (Activity Measure) Total Cost Total ActivityCustomer deliveries (Number of deliveries) $420,000 5,000 deliveriesManual order processing (Number of manual orders) 624,000 8,000 ordersElectronic order processing (Number of electronic orders)170,000 10,000 ordersLine item picking (Number of line items picked) 675,000 450,000 line itemsOther organization-sustaining costs (None) 650,000 Total selling and administrative expenses $2,539,000 Cale gathered the data below for two of the many hospitals that it serves—Georgetown and Providence (each hospital purchased medical supplies that had cost Cale $38,000 to buy from manufacturers): ActivityActivity Measure University Memorial Number of deliveries 16 28Number of manual orders 0 49Number of electronic orders 18 0Number of line items picked 190 210Required:1. Compute the total revenue that Cale would receive from Georgetown and Providence.2. Compute the activity rate for each activity cost pool.3. Compute the total activity costs that would be assigned to Georgetown and Providence.4. Compute Cale's customer margin for Georgetown and Providence.
Solution :
1. Calculation of total revenue
Total revenue = cost of goods sold + Markup 7% = Revenue
University = 38000 + 2660 = 40660
Memorial = 38000 + 2660 = 40660
Therefore, markup = cost of goods sold x market up
= 38000 x 7%
= 2660
2. Calculations of Activity rates
Activity rate = activity cost pool / total activity = activity rate
Customer deliveries = 420000 / 5000 = 84
Manual order processing = 624000 / 8000 = 78
Ele order processing = 170000 / 10000 = 17
Line time picking = 675000 / 450000 = 1.5
3. Calculations of Activity costs
Activity cost for University
Activity cost pool = Activity x Activity rate
Customer deliveries = 16 x 84 = 1344
Manual order processing = 0 x 78 = 0
Ele order processing = 18 x 17 = 306
Line time picking = 190 x 1.5 = 285
Total activity cost = 1935
Activity cost for Memorial
Activity cost pool = Activity x Activity rate
Customer deliveries = 28 x 84 = 2352
Manual order processing = 49 x 78 = 3822
Ele order processing = 0 x 17 = 0
Line time picking = 210 x 1.5 = 315
Total activity cost = 6489
4. Calculation of Customer margin
University Memorial
Sales revenue 40660 40660
Less : Cost of goods sold 38000 38000
Gross Margin 2660 2660
Less : Activity cost 1935 6489
Customer Margin 725 -3829
Crane Co. has the following transactions related to notes receivable during the last 2 months of the year. The company does not make entries to accrue interest except at December 31.
Nov. 1 Loaned $66,600 cash to C. Bohr on a 12-month, 6% note.
Dec. 11 Sold goods to K. R. Pine, Inc., receiving a $7,200, 90-day, 6% note.
Dec. 16 Received a $9,600, 180-day, 8% note to settle an open account from A. Murdock.
Dec. 31 Accrued interest revenue on all notes receivable.
Required:
Journalize the transactions for Crane Company
Answer:
Nov 1
Debit : Note Receivable - C. Bohr $66,600
Credit : Cash $66,600
Dec. 11
Debit : Note Receivable - K. R. Pine, Inc. $7,200
Credit : Sales $7,200
Dec. 16
Debit : Cash $9,600
Credit : Note Payable - A. Murdock $9,600
Dec. 31
Debit : Note Receivable - C. Bohr $666
Debit : Note Receivable - K. R. Pine, Inc. $100.80
Credit : Interest Income $766.80
Dec 31
Debit : Interest expense $64
Credit : Note Payable - A. Murdock $64
Explanation:
Interest Income calculations :
Note Receivable - C. Bohr = $66,600 x 2/12 x 6 % = $666
Note Receivable - K. R. Pine, Inc = $7,200 x 21/ 90 x 6 % = $100.80
Interest expense calculations :
Note Payable - A. Murdock $9,600 x 15 / 180 x 8 % = $64
Before year-end adjusting entries, Dunn Company's account balances at December 31, 2010, for accounts receivable and the related allowance for uncollectible accounts were $600,000 and $45,000, respectively. An aging of accounts receivable indicated that $62,500 of the December 31 receivables are expected to be uncollectible. The net realizable value of accounts receivable after adjustment is
Answer: $537500
Explanation:
The net realizable value of accounts receivable after adjustment will be the difference between the account receivable at December 31st and the expected uncollectible. This will be:
= $600,000 - $62,500
= $537500
Therefore, the answer is $537500
The use of planning techniques is an example of
Answer:
whats this a part of anyway
it help with essays & missions thats all i know
Explanation:
A researcher sets up an experiment involving the use of some sophisticated equipment. The research proposal is approved by the IRB and a grant to cover the cost of the equipment is received from a funding agency. The researcher does not mention that he owns stock in the company he chooses to supply the equipment. The same type of equipment is available from other companies, of comparable quality and price. Is this ethical or unethical
Answer:
This is unethical
Explanation:
Unethical behaviour is defined as a behaviour that is considered o be morally wrong for a group of people or in a given industry.
In the given scenario the researcher is using sophisticated equipment for an experiment.
He chose a company that he has shares in to supply the equipment.
This can be seen as a use of his influence for financial gain that is outside the normal compensation he is receiving
9. Matilda just graduated from college. In order to devote all her efforts to college, she did not hold a job. Matilda just graduated from college. In order to devote all her efforts to college, she did not hold a job. She is going to cruise around the country on her motorcycle for a month before she starts looking for work. Other things the same, the unemployment rate ____________ and the labor force participation rate ______________.
Answer:
Remain the same; remain the same.
Explanation:
Unemployment rate refers to the percentage of the total labor force in an economy, who are unemployed but seeking to be gainfully employed. The unemployment rate is divided into various types, these include;
I. Natural Rate of Unemployment (NU).
II. Frictional unemployment rate (FU).
III. Structural unemployment rate (SU).
IV. Actual unemployment rate (AU).
V. Cyclical unemployment rate (CU).
There are different measures used in the measurement of the unemployment rate in a country's economy and these includes;
A. U-1: this is the percentage of people that are unemployed for at least 15 weeks or more.
B. U-2: this is the percentage of the people who have lost their job or the people that finished a temporary job.
C. U-3: this is the percentage of the population that is unemployed but actively seeking employment.
All things being equal (ceteris paribus), the unemployment rate would remain the same and the labor force participation rate remain the same because Matilda has decided to cruise around the country on her motorcycle for a month before she starts looking for work.
When the original poverty line was created, even some people living above the poverty line did not have access to a phone or running water in their homes.
Today, running water is expected. Beyond that, the norm for our contemporary society includes having cell phones and internet access. In fact, the U.S. government provides grants to bring high-speed in-home internet access to underserved rural areas.
Consider both the benefits and the shortcomings of the U.S. poverty line as a means of assessing poverty today.
The U.S. poverty line was originally set at
a. an income level of $1.90 per day.
b. sufficient income to provide for a family of four.
c. one-third of the median income in the United States.
d. three times the cost of a low-cost food plan.
Answer:
d. three times the cost of a low-cost food plan.
Explanation:
The U.S. poverty line is measured based on three times the cost of low-cost food plan. The people in the rural areas are considered more poor and they are provided with basic necessities. The U.S. government takes initiatives to encourage rural population to contribute their expertise and strengths in some projects. They provide welfare benefit to those who are needy and can not survive on their earnings.
Declining Balance Depreciation Irons Delivery Inc. purchased a new delivery truck for $40,600 on January 1, 2019. The truck is expected to have a $2,000 residual value at the end of its 5-year useful life. Irons uses the double-declining-balance method of depreciation. Required: Prepare the journal entry to record depreciation expense for 2019 and 2020.
Answer:
A. Depreciation expense $16240
Cr Accumulated depreciation $16240
B. Dr Depreciation expense $9744
Cr Accumulated depreciation $9744
Explanation:
A. Preparation of the journal entry to record depreciation expense for 2019 and 2020.
Dr Depreciation expense $16240
Cr Accumulated depreciation $16240
(Record double-declining-balance depreciation expense)
Depreciation expense for 2019= $40,600 × (1/5 × 2)
Depreciation expense for 2019= $16240
B. Preparation of the journal entry to record depreciation expense for 2020
Dr Depreciation expense $9744
Cr Accumulated depreciation $9744
[($40,600 –$16,240) × (1/5 × 2) = 9744]
(Record double-declining-balance depreciation expense)Depreciation expense for 2020
Poehling Medical Center has a single operating room that is used by local physicians to perform surgical procedures. The cost of using the operating room is accumulated by each patient procedure and includes the direct materials costs (drugs and medical devices), physician surgical time, and operating room overhead. On January 1 of the current year, the annual operating room overhead is estimated to be: Disposable supplies $278,900 Depreciation expense 69,800 Utilities 29,800 Nurse salaries 259,300 Technician wages 118,200 Total operating room overhead $756,000 The overhead costs will be assigned to procedures, based on the number of surgical room hours. Poehling Medical Center expects to use the operating room an average of eight hours per day, seven days per week. In addition, the operating room will be shut down two weeks per year for general repairs. This information has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file. Open the spreadsheet, perform the required analysis, and input your answers in the questions below.1. Determine the predetermined operating room overhead rate for the year.
2. Bill Harris has a five-hours procedure on Jan 22. How much operating room overhead would be charged to his procedure, using the rate determined in part 1?
3. During January, the operating room was used 240 hours. The actual overhead costs incurred for January were $67,250. Determine the overhead under or over applied for the period.
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
To calculate the predetermined manufacturing overhead rate we need to use the following formula:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Total number of surgical room hours= (8*7)*52= 2,912 hours
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= 756,000 / 2,912
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= $259.61 per surgical room hour
Now, we can allocate costs using the following formula:
Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base
Allocated MOH= 259.61*5
Allocated MOH= $1,298.05
Finally, the under/over allocation for January:
Under/over applied overhead= real overhead - allocated overhead
Allocated overhead= 259.61*240= $62,306.4
Under/over applied overhead= 67,250 - 62,306.4
Underapplied overhead= $4,943.6
If investing $1,000 for a year, how frequently is simple interest paid on the principal investment?
daily
annually
never
hourly
Answer:
your intrest is probally 5% or 0.5%
Explanation:
it takes fena tailoring 2 hr of cutting and 4 hr of sewing to make a tiered silk organza bridal dress. it takes 4 hr of cutting and 2 hr of sewing to make a lace sheath bridal dress. the shop has at most 18 hr per week available for cutting and at most 18 hr per week for sewing. the profit is $318 on an organza dress and $167 on a lace dress. how many of each kind of bridal dress should be made each week in order to maximize profit
Answer:
Fena should make 2 organza bridal dresses and 4 lace dresses which will yield maximum profit of $1,498.
Explanation:
Fena has choice between two types of bridal dresses for stiching. She can make either organza dresses or lace dresses. The combination of both dress will be identified by equation :
P = 318x + 216y
2x + 4y ≤ 18
3x + 2y ≤ 24
solving the equation we will get maximum profit of $1,498.
You are the manager of a small hotel with 40 rooms in Niagara. Your business has dropped almost 90% in recent months. Your cash remaining is enough to run the business for 3 more months.
Apply the 6 thinking hats approach, what would you recommend to do if you were:
1. wearing a blue hat?
2. wearing a white hat?
3. wearing a green hat?
4. wearing a red hat?
5. wearing a yellow hat?
6. wearing a black hat?
After considering the views from different perspectives, what is your recommendation?
Air Tampa has just been incorporated, and its board of directors is grappling with the question of optimal capital structure. The company plans to offer commuter air services between Tampa and smaller surrounding cities. Air Tampa believes it would have the same business risk as Jaxair, which is an airline that has been around for a few years and that has had zero growth. Jaxair's market-determined beta is 1.8, and it has a current market value debt ratio (total debt to total assets) of 45% and a federal-plus-state tax rate of 25%. Air Tampa expects to have investment tax credits when it begins business, which reduces its federal-plus-state tax rate to 15%. Air Tampa's owners expect that the total book and market value of the firm's stock, if it uses zero debt, would be $14 million. Air Tampa's CFO believes that the MM and Hamada formulas for the value of a levered firm and the levered firm's cost of capital should be used because zero growth is expected.
Required:
a. Estimate the beta of an unlevered firm in the commuter airline business based on Jaxair's market-determined beta.
b. Now assume that rd= rRF= 10% and that the market risk premium RPM for an unlevered commuter airline. 5%. Find the required rate of return on equity
c. Air Tampa is considering three capital structures: (1) $2 million debt, (2) $4 million debt, and (3) $6 million debt. Estimate Air Tampa's rs for these debt levels.
Answer:
a. Unlevered beta = 1.12
b. Required rate of return on equity = 15.60%
c-1. rs = 16.37%
c-2. rs = 17.40%
c-2. rs = 18.81%
Explanation:
a. Estimate the beta of an unlevered firm in the commuter airline business based on Jaxair's market-determined beta.
Levered beta = Unlevered beta * (1 + (D/S)(1 - T))
Therefore, we have:
Unlevered beta = Levered beta / (1 + (D/S)(1 - T)) .............. (1)
Where:
Levered beta = Jaxair's market-determined beta = 1.8
D = Debt ratio = 45%, or 0.45
S = Equity ratio = 1 - D = 1 - 0.45 = 0.55
T = Federal-plus-state tax rate = 25%, or 0.25
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
Unlevered beta = 1.8 / (1 + (0.45/0.55)(1 - 0.25)) = 1.12
b. Now assume that rd= rRF= 10% and that the market risk premium RPM for an unlevered commuter airline. 5%. Find the required rate of return on equity
Required rate of return on equity = ro = Rf + beta(Rm - Rf) .............. (2)
Where;
rd = Rf = 10%, or 0.10
beta = Unlevered beta = 1.12
(Rm - Rf) = market risk premium = RPM for an unlevered commuter airline = 5%, or 0.05
Substituting the values into equation (2), we have:
Required rate of return on equity = ro = 10% + 1.12(5%) = 10% + (1.12 * 5%) = 15.60%
c. Air Tampa is considering three capital structures: (1) $2 million debt, (2) $4 million debt, and (3) $6 million debt. Estimate Air Tampa's rs for these debt levels.
c-1. $2 million debt
D = Debt = $2 million
Value of unlevered firm = $14 million
T = Tax rate at start-up = 15%, or 0.15
Value of lerevered firm = Value of unlevered firm + (Debt * T) = $14 + ($2 * 15%) = $14.30 million
S = Value of equity = Value of lerevered firm - Debt = $14.30 - $2 = $12.30 million
rs = ro + ((ro - rd) * (D / S) * (1 - T)) ................... (3)
Where;
ro = 15.60%
rd = Rf = 10%, or 0.10
D = Debt = $2 million
S = Value of equity = $12.30 million
T = Tax rate at start-up = 15%, or 0.15
Substituting the values into equation (3), we have:
rs = 15.60% + ((15.60% - 10%) * (2 / 12.30) * (1 - 0.15)) = 16.37%
c-2. $4 million debt
D = Debt = $4 million
Value of unlevered firm = $14 million
T = Tax rate at start-up = 15%, or 0.15
Value of lerevered firm = Value of unlevered firm + (Debt * T) = $14 + ($4 * 15%) = $14.60 million
S = Value of equity = Value of lerevered firm - Debt = $14.60 - $4 = $10.60 million
Substituting all the relevant values into equation (3), we have:
rs = 15.60% + ((15.60% - 10%) * (4 / 10.60) * (1 - 0.15)) = 17.40%
c-3. $6 million debt
D = Debt = $6 million
Value of unlevered firm = $14 million
T = Tax rate at start-up = 15%, or 0.15
Value of lerevered firm = Value of unlevered firm + (Debt * T) = $14 + ($6 * 15%) = $14.90 million
S = Value of equity = Value of lerevered firm - Debt = $14.90 - $6 = $8.90 million
Substituting all the relevant values into equation (3), we have:
rs = 15.60% + ((15.60% - 10%) * (6 / 8.90) * (1 - 0.15)) = 18.81%
Explain what boundaries are and why they are important in decision-making.
Answer:
boundaries are that invisible line in social structure that people try not to cross lest by accident.
Explanation:
When you are making decisions you always have to think of the outcome or else you could end up doing something bad or wrong. Boundaries in decisions making are so you don't just go and do whatever without thinking. we as humans subconsciously try not to cross other people's boundaries for mainly two reasons. The first is it makes people feel uncomfortable. The second is that it brings out our inner guilt. if you cross someone's boundaries you will most likely realize it imededietly and to to back off instinctively.
I hope this helps!
Sean and Yvette Durand live in Swarthmore, PA. Yvette's father, Bob, lives in Sweden. For each of the following transactions that occur in their lives, identify whether it is included in the calculation of U.S. GDP as part of consumption (C), investment (I), government purchases (G), exports (X), or imports (M). Check all that apply.
a. Yvette's father in Sweden orders a bottle of Vermont maple syrup from the producer's website.
b. Sean buys a sweater made in Guatemala.
c. The state of Pennsylvania repaves highway PA 320, which goes through the center of Swarthmore.
d. Sean's employer upgrades all of its computer systems using U.S.-made parts.
e. Yvette gets a new refrigerator made in the United States.
Answer:
Any help
Explanation:
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Miscavage Corporation has two divisions: the Beta Division and the Alpha Division. The Beta Division has sales of $285,000, variable expenses of $147,600, and traceable fixed expenses of $68,800. The Alpha Division has sales of $595,000, variable expenses of $329,800, and traceable fixed expenses of $129,500. The total amount of common fixed expenses not traceable to the individual divisions is $130,200. What is the company's net operating income
Answer:
$880,000 is the net operating income
Dwayne Wade Company recently signed a lease for a new office building, for a lease period of 10 years. Under the lease agreement, a security deposit of $12,000 is made, with the deposit to be returned at the expiration of the lease, with interest compounded at 5% per year.
What amount will the company receive at the time the lease expires?
Answer:
The correct answer is "$19,546.74".
Explanation:
The given values are:
Amount,
= $12,000
Years,
= 10
Interest rate,
= 10%
Now,
The future value will be:
⇒ [tex]Future \ value=Amount\times (1+Rate)^{Years}[/tex]
On substituting the given values in the above formula, we get
⇒ [tex]=12000\times (1+5 \ percent)^{10}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]=12000\times (1+0.05)^{10}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]=12000\times (1.05)^{10}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]=19,546.74[/tex] ($)
A sales representative lives in Bloomington and must be in Indianapolis next Thursday. On each of the days Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, he can sell his wares in Indianapolis, Bloomington, or Chicago. From past experience, he believes that he can earn $12 from spending a day in Indianapolis, $16 from spending a day in Bloomington, and $17 from spending a day in Chicago. Where should he spend the first three days
Answer:
Bloomington.
Explanation:
Since a sales representative lives in Bloomington and must be in Indianapolis next Thursday, and on each of the days Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, he can sell his wares in Indianapolis, Bloomington, or Chicago, and from past experience, he believes that he can earn $ 12 from spending a day in Indianapolis, $ 16 from spending a day in Bloomington, and $ 17 from spending a day in Chicago, to determine where he should spend the first three days, the following calculation must be performed:
Indianapolis: 12 x 3 = 36
Bloomington: 16 x 3 = 48
Chicago: 17 x 3 = 51
Thus, in principle, the representative should spend his 3 days in Chicago, but if the cost of travel is discounted, he should spend those 3 days in Bloomington, since he will earn more money than if he moves in advance to Indianapolis.