The consumer price index was 200 in 2008 and 190 in 2009. The nominal interest rate during this period was 4.5 percent. What was the real interest rate during this period

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

the real interest rate is 9.5%

Explanation:

The computation of the real interest rate is shown below:

But before that inflation rate need to be determined

Inflation rate is

= [CPI this year - CPIlast year] ÷ CPI last year

= {(190 - 200) ÷ 200} ×  100

= -0.05 × 100

i = -5%

Now the real interest rate is

real interest rate = nominal interest rate - inflation rate

= 4.5% - (- 5%)

= 9.5%

Hence, the real interest rate is 9.5%


Related Questions

The aggregate supply-aggregate demand model predicts that the short-run effects of a temporary but severe oil-cutoff would be:_____

Answers

Incomplete question.

Options;

a. A decrease in the price level and an increase in real output.

b. An increase in both the price level and real output.

c. An increase in the price level and a decrease in real output.

d. A decrease in both the price level and real output.

Answer:

c. An increase in the price level and a decrease in real output.

Explanation:

Remember, aggregate supply often refers to the total output of goods and services in an economy available for sale While aggregate demand refers to the total value of the money spent on the goods and services produced in an economy.

Note also, what this means is that as a result of the severe oil-cutoff, the supply of oil would reduce greatly, and with lower supply in the short-run; we would expect the price level to increase.

However, as the price level increases, in the short-run, there would be an immediate decrease in the real output of oil among producers.

Part II. Explain the following concepts:
1. Factors Markets
2. The Superstar Phenomenon
3. Labor Market Equilibrium​

Answers

Answer:

.........................

3.......

Andre is a new product designer for a restaurant supply company. Andre therefore works in a ________ department.
A) functional
B) service
C) line
D) matrix
E) staff

Answers

Answer:

Option C: line

Explanation:

An organization always has a functional structure. Its structure are group into sectors or structure based on specific areas, such as finance, or marketing and others.

A line department is a part of organization structure that is responsible for an organization core work such as production and sales, and others.

Product designers are simply said to be individuals who have design skills or knowledge and therefore uses it along with their technical know-how/knowledge to develop or improve the outlook(way) that already-made (existing) products work and look, and/or make them at a lower cost.

They must have technical and human-centered design and also be actively involved in the designing process of a new products line.

PLEASE HELP!

Your family purchased new living room furniture on credit at the store, which is a simple interest loan. If your family paid $300.00 in interest on the principal of $1,000.00
over 5 years, what was the rate of the loan?
1.) 6%
2.) 8%
3.) 4%
4.) 2%

Answers

6 times 5 is 30 the answer would be 6%

If one Swiss franc (CHF) can purchase 0.85 U.S. dollar, how many Swiss francs can one U.S. dollar buy

Answers

Answer: CHF 1.18 Swiss Franc

Explanation:

If one Swiss franc (CHF) can purchase $0.85, this means that the Swiss franc is weaker than the dollar as it can only buy less than 1 dollar per Swiss franc.

If one Swiss Franc is to $0.85, one $1 will be;

= 1/0.85

= 1.18 Swiss Franc

On January 1, 2016, Horton Inc. sells a machine for $23,000. The machine was originally purchased on January 1, 2014 for $40,000. The machine was estimated to have a useful life of 5 years and a residual value of $0. Horton uses straight-line depreciation. In recording this transaction:

Answers

Answer:

The entry to record this transaction will be,

Accumulated depreciation     16000

Cash                                          23000

Loss on disposal                      1000

    Machine                                      40000

Explanation:

The straight line method of depreciation charges a constant depreciation expense throughout the useful life of the asset. The formula to calculate depreciation expense per year under this method is,

Depreciation expense per year = (Cost - Residual value) / Estimated useful life of the asset

Depreciation expense per year = (40000 - 0) /  5  = $8000 per year

The net book value of the machine on 1 January 2016 = 40000 - (8000 * 2)

NBV =  $24000

As the machine was sold for $23000, the loss on disposal will be,

Loss on disposal = 23000 - 24000 = -1000 or $1000 loss

On March 2, Blue Ribbon sold $887,400 of merchandise to Lumberyard Inc. with terms 2/10, n/30. The cost of the merchandise sold was $571,700. Lumberyard Inc. pays the balance owed on March 11.

Required:
How much does Lumberyard pay on March 11?

Answers

Answer:

Payment will be =  $869652

Explanation:

The terms of the credit sale to Lumberyard were 2/10, n/30 which means that Lumberyard was entitled to receive a 2% discount if the payment is made within 10 days of purchase of merchandise while the total credit period was of 30 days. As Lumberyard has paid the balance owed on 11 March and within the discount period, the amount paid by Lumberyard and the discount received will be,

Discount received = 887400 * 0.02 = $17748

Payment will be = 887400 - 17748  =  $869652

your firm is considering an investment that will cost $920 000 today, what is the investment's net present value

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is d. $192,369.

Explanation:

Note: This question is not complete. The complete question is therefore provided before answering the question as follows:

Your firm is considering an investment that will cost $920,000 today. the investment will produce cash flows of $450,000 in year 1, $270,000 in years 2 through 4, and $200,000 in year 5. the discount rate that your firm uses for projects of this type is 11.25%. what is the investments net present value?

a. $378, 458

b. $540,000

c. $112,583

d. $192,369

The answer to the question is now provided as follows:

Net present value (NPV) is calculated by deducting the present value of cash outflows from the present value of cash inflows over a period of time.

Note: See the attached excel file for the calculation of the net present value (NPV).

From the attached excel file, we have:

r = Discount rate = 11.25%

Net present value (NPV) = 192,369

Therefore, the correct option is d. $192,369.

Etxuck279 Inc. sells a particular textbook for $34. Variable expenses are $25 per book. At the current volume of 57,000 books sold per year the company is just breaking even. Given these data, the annual fixed expenses associated with the textbook total:_____

a. $2,451,000
b. $513,000
c. $1,938,000
d. $1,425,000

Answers

Answer:

fixed costs= $513,000

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

Selling price= $34

Unitary variable cost= $25

Break-even point in units= 57,000

To calculate the fixed costs, we need to use the following formula:

Break-even point in units= fixed costs/ contribution margin per unit

57,000= fixed costs / 9

57,000*9= fixed costs

fixed costs= $513,000

What is the value of a stock that is expected to pay a constant dividend of $2 per year if the required return is 15%

Answers

Answer:

the value of the stock is $13.33 per share

Explanation:

The computation of the value of the stock is shown below:

The Value of the stock is

= Constant annual dividend ÷ required rate of return

= $2 ÷ 0.15

= $13.33 Per share

Hence, the value of the stock is $13.33 per share

We simply applied the above formula so that the correct value could come

And, the same is to be considered

Project L costs $70,000, its expected cash inflows are $16,000 per year for 8 years, and its WACC is 13%. What is the project's discounted payback?

Answers

Answer:

6.89 years

Explanation:

The discounted payback period can be calculated by using the following table

Year        Cash flows                PV(13%)             Cumulative Cash flows

0               (70000)                    (70000)                           (70000)

1           16000                    14159.29                       (55840.71)

2           16000                    12530.35                      (43310.36)

3           16000                       11088.80                      (32221.56)

4           16000                        9813.10                        (22408.46)

5           16000                        8684.16                        (13724.30)

6           16000                         7685.10                       (6039.20)

7           16000                          6800.97                         761.77

8           16000                          6018.56                       6780.33

Discounted Payback = 6 years + 6039/ 6801

Discounted Payback = 6.89 years

Assume you just deposited $1,000 into a bank account. The current real interest rate is 7.00% and inflation is expected to be 8.00% over the next year. What nominal interest rate would you require from the bank over the next year? How much money will you have at the end of one year? If you are saving to buy fancy bicycle that currently sells for $1,050, will you have enough money to buy it?

Answers

Answer:

a) The nominal interest rate that I would require from the bank over the next year is 15%.

b) At the end of one year, I will have $1,150.

c) If I am saving to buy a fancy bicycle that currently sells for $1,050, I will have enough money ($1,150) to buy it.  It will be costing $1,134  ($1,050 * 1.08) with inflation rate of 8% in one year's time.

Explanation:

The nominal interest rate (15%) is higher than the real interest rate (7%) when inflation is positive because the real interest rate is adjusted for inflation (at 8%).  The real interest rate is the rate without inflation while the nominal interest rate factors in the inflation rate.

The Geostar Company, leading manufacturer of wireless communication devices, is considering three cost-reduction proposals in ts Setch job-shop manufacturing operations. The company hes already calculated rates of return for the three projects, along with some incremental retes of return, as given in Table.

A denotes the do-nothing alternative. The required investments are $420,000 for A $550,000 for A and $720,000 for A . If the MARR is 15%, what system should be selected?

Incremental Investment Incremental Rate of Return (%)
A1- Ao 18
A2- Ao 20
A3- Ao 25
A2- A1 10
A3- A1 18
A3-A2 23

Answers

Answer: Alternative 3 will be selected.

Explanation:

The system that should be selected is the alternative that is better than the other alternatives by being higher than MARR if selected.

First compare A1 to A0

The rate of return here is 18% which is higher than the MARR of 15% so Alternative 1 should be chosen over A0 which is to do nothing.

Compare A1 to A2

If A2 is chosen over A1, the incremental return is 10% which is less than the MARR of 15% so A2 should not be chosen over A1. A1 should instead be chosen over A2.

Compare A1 to A3

If A3 is chosen over A1 then the incremental return would be 18%. This is higher than the MARR of 15% so Alternative 3 should be chosen over Alternative 1.

Alternative 3 should be chosen over A1 which should be chosen over A2 and A0.

A3 will therefore be selected.

The Drogon Co. just issued a dividend of $2.96 per share on its common stock. The company is expected to maintain a constant 5 percent growth rate in its dividends indefinitely. If the stock sells for $35 a share, what is the company's cost of equity

Answers

Answer: 13.88%

Explanation:

The cost of equity can be used along with the variables given to calculate the price of a share using the Gordon Growth model so this can be remodeled to solve for the cost of equity.

Price of stock = (Dividend * (1 + growth rate)) / (cost of equity - growth rate)

35 = (2.96 * (1 + 5%)) / (cost of equity - 5%)

35 = 3.108 / (cost of equity - 5%)

(cost of equity - 5%) * 35 = 3.108

Cost of equity - 5% = 3.108 / 35

Cost of Equity = (3.108 / 35) + 5%

= 13.88%

Suppose you bought two pieces of land for $100,000 each, the first piece has permanently appreciated in value and is now worth $120,000, while the second piece has permanently reduced in value to $75,000. Applying conservatism and the historical cost principles, how would you account for the change in value of the two pieces of land?

a. I would leave both pieces of land at $100,000 each on the books.
b. I would leave the first piece of land at $100,000 and write the second down to $75,000.
c. I would write up the first piece of land to $120,000 and the second down to $75,000.
d. I would write the first piece of land up to $120,000, and leave the second piece of land at $100,000.

Answers

Answer:

Option B

Explanation:

Applying conservatism and the historical cost principles, we would you account for the change in the value of the two pieces of land as leave the first piece of land at $100,000 and write the second down to $75,000 because conservatism and historical cost principles suggest us to anticipate and record the future losses rather than future gains.

This afternoon, Northern Railways paid an annual dividend of $2.44 per share. The company has been increasing the dividends by 15 percent each year. How much are you willing to pay to purchase stock in this company if your required rate of return is 16 percent?

a. $7.87
b. $207.40
c. $36.60
d. $6.69
e. $280.60

Answers

Answer:

P0 = $280.60

Option e is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Using the constant growth model of dividend discount model, we can calculate the price of the stock today. The DDM values a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula for price today under this model is,

P0 = D0 * (1+g) / (r - g)

Where,

D0 is the dividend today or paid recentlyD0 * (1+g) is dividend expected for the next period /year g is the growth rate r is the required rate of return  

P0 = 2.44 * (1+0.15) / (0.16 - 0.15)

P0 = $280.60

By moving to Italy to work closely with fabric creators, Geoffrey B. Small is working to achieve:________

a. Planning integration
b. Supply chain integration
c. Strong product development processes
d. Integrated logistics

Answers

Answer:

The right approach is Option b (supply chain integration).

Explanation:

The integrated supply chain seems to be a large-scale organization strategic approach that brings however many chain features as possible into some kind of relatively close professional relationship amongst one another. The purpose is to promote responsiveness, manufacturing cost, but instead focused on waste reduction. Every connection throughout the chain advantages.

All three of those certain decisions are not linked to the example in the case given. So, option b is right.

Clem is married and is a skilled carpenter. Clem's wife, Wanda, works part time as a substitute grade school teacher. Determine the amount of Clem's expenses that are deductible for AGI this year (if any) under the following independent circumstances:

a. Clem is self-employed and this year he incurred $1,005 for tools and supplies related to his job. Since neither were covered by a qualified health plan, Wanda paid health insurance premiums of $4,570 to provide coverage for herself and Clem (not through an exchange).
b. Clem and Wanda own a garage downtown that they rent to a local business for storage. This year they incurred $1,750 in utilities and depreciation of $1,225.
c. Clem paid self-employment tax of $15,200 (the employer portion is $7,600), and Wanda had $5,700 of Social Security taxes withheld from her pay.
d. Clem paid $131 to rent a safe deposit box to store his coin collection. Clem has collected coins intermittently since he was a boy, and he expects to sell his collection when he retires.

Answers

Answer:

a) Clem can deduct the $1,005 that he spent on tools and supplies. If they file their taxes jointly, they can also deduct the $4,570 spent on health insurance.

b) Both utilities and depreciation are deductible from their rental income = $1,750 + $1,225 = $2,975

c) The employer portion of self-employment taxes is deductible = $7,600. Wanda's social security payments are not deductible.

d) This a personal expense and it is not deductible.

The author argues that advertising often appeals to sentiments. How is this connected to vicarious consumption

Answers

Answer:

Vicarious consumption refers to showing a family's (or individual) social status through the things that they purchase, i.e. keeping up with the Joneses.

Advertising links the desire to be socially recognized and accepted with the possession of material goods. This is exactly what vicarious consumption is all about. E.g. if most of your classmates use expensive Nike shoes, you will feel different if you wear cheap shoes. If you add this feeling of being different plus Nike ads reinforcing that feeling, then you will at least consider buying Nike shoes, or whichever brand is popular among your friends.

The same thing applies to your parents, e.g. if your parents' friends all buy large SUVs, then your parents will feel different if they buy a sedan even if they would be happy with it. Again, advertisement plays an important role here because it shows SUVs as the appropriate cars for successful families (and the larger the SUV, the more successful you are).  

A proposed new investment has projected sales of $564,000. Variable costs are 37 percent of sales, and fixed costs are $132,000; depreciation is $51,500. Prepare a pro forma income statement assuming a tax rate of 21 percent. What is the projected net income

Answers

Answer:

Projected net income $135,737.80

Explanation:

The computation of the projected net income is shown below:

Sales    $564,000

Less: variable cost (37% of sales) $208,680

Less: fixed cost $132,000

Less: depreciation $51,500

Earning before income and taxes $171,820

Less: tax rate at 21% -$36,082.20

Projected net income $135,737.80

Hence, the projected net income is $135,737.80

A friend asks to borrow $635.52 today and promises to repay you $1,000 with interest compounded annually at 12%. How many years (compounding periods) will pass before you receive the payment

Answers

Answer:

4 years

Explanation:

We can calculate the years (compounding periods that) will pass before you receive the payment by calculating the PV factor at 12% as follows.

DATA

Amount borrowed = $635.52

future amount = $1,000

Interest rate = 12%

Time period (n) = ?

Solution

Amount borrowed = future amount x Present value factor (12%, n)

$635.52 = $1,000 x PV factor(12%, n)

0.63552 = PV factor(12%, n)

If you see in a discount table yu wi see 0.63552 in the fourth row of 12% rate that means it will take 4 years to receive the payment.

Eve's Apples opened for business on January 1, 2021, and paid for two insurance policies effective that date. The liability policy was $55,800 for 18 months, and the crop damage policy was $19,200 for a two-year term. What was the balance in Eve's Prepaid Insurance account as of December 31, 2021?

Answers

Answer:

The balance of Eve's Prepaid Insurance account as of December 31, 2021 is $28,200

Explanation:

Computation of prepaid Insurance

Insurance 1 ($55,800*6/18)       =  $18,600

Insurance 2 ($19,200*12/24)     =  $9,600

Total Prepaid Insurance               $28,200

Assume that Blossom Company uses a periodic inventory system and has these account balances: Purchases $374,100; Purchase Returns and Allowances $12,700; Purchase Discounts $6,000; and Freight-in $16,600. Blossom Company has beginning inventory of $61,600, ending inventory of $88,100, and net sales of $652,800. Determine the amounts to be reported for cost of goods sold and gross profit.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The computation of the amount that should be reported for the cost of goods sold and the gross profit is shown below;

But before that first determine the following amounts

Adjusted Purchases = Purchases  - Purchase Returns and Allowances  - Purchase Discounts  + Freight-in

= $374,100 - $12,700 - $6,000 + $16,600

= $372,000

Now the cost of goods sold is

= Beginning Inventory + Adjusted Purchases - ending Inventory

= $61,600 + $372,000 - $88,100

= $345,500

And,

Gross Profit = Net Sales - cost of goods sold

= $652,800 - $345,500

= $307,300

A company sells a plant asset which originally cost $354000 for $124000 on December 31, 2018. The Accumulated Depreciation account had a balance of $146000 after the current year's depreciation of $39000 had been recorded. The company should recognize a

Answers

Answer:

d. $45.000 loss on disposal.

Explanation:

a. $84000 gain on disposal. b. $84000 loss on disposal. c. $230000 loss on disposal. d. $45.000 loss on disposal.

Book Value on the Date of sale = Cost - Accumulated Depreication -Current year Depreciation

Book Value on the Date of sale = $354,000 - $146,000 - $39,000

Book Value on the Date of sale = $169,000

Gain (Loss) on disposal of the Asset= Selling Price - Book Value

Gain (Loss) on disposal of the Asset = $124,000 - $169,000

Loss on disposal of the Asset = $45,000

Fall Corp's total assets at the end of last year were $460,000 and its net income was $32,750. What was its return on total assets

Answers

Answer:

7.12%

Explanation:

Fall corporation total assets at the end of last year was $460,000

The net income was $32,750

Therefore the total return on assets can be calculated as follows

= net income / Total assets

= 32,750/460,000

= 0.07119×100

= 7.12%

Hence the return on total assets is 7.12%

Prices for airline tickets change on average about once per month. This would suggest that airline ticket prices are

Answers

Answer:

relatively flexible

Explanation:

Flexible pricing is when there is room for negotiation of prices of a product between the buyers and sellers.

So the price is prone to change in short amount of time.

Sticky price on the other hand tends to be non negotiable and the does not change over time.in the given scenario prices for airline tickets change on average about once per month.

So there is constant change of the price every month. Meaning the buyer can convince the seller to change his offering price.

The price is relatively flexible

What is INCOTERM DDP?

Answers

Answer:

DDP stands for Delivery Duty Paid, an international commerce term (Incoterm) used to describe the delivery of goods where the seller takes most responsibility.Explanation:

ne
To help solve this problem, the expert in this passage
suggests that consumers

A.recycle their old cell phones.
B.stop purchasing cell phones.
C.refuse to buy cell phones made with coltan.
D.avoid using cell phones made in the Congo.

Answers

Answer:A. Recycle their old cell phones

Explanation:just took the test on edgeunity

Curtis invests $700,000 in a city of Athens bond that pays 9.00 percent interest. Alternatively, Curtis could have invested the $700,000 in a bond recently issued by Initech, Incorporated that pays 11.00 percent interest with similar risk as the city of Athens bond. Assume that Curtis's marginal tax rate is 24 percent. How much implicit tax would Curtis pay on the city of Athens bond?

Answers

Answer:

$14,000

Explanation:

Calculation for How much implicit tax would Curtis pay on the city of Athens bond

Using this formula

Implicit tax=(Amount invested*Initech Interest rate)- (Amount invested* Athens bond Interest rate)

Let plug in the formula

Implicit tax=(11%*$700,000)- (9%*$700,000)

Implicit tax=$77,000-$63,000

Implicit tax=$14,000

Therefore the implicit tax that Curtis would pay on the city of Athens bond will be $14,000

Pharoah Corp. management plans to issue seven-year zero coupon bonds. It has learned that these bonds will sell today at a price of $441.46. What is the yield to maturity on these bonds?

Answers

Answer:

12.391%

Explanation:

The yield to maturity on the seven-year zero coupon bond can be determined using the present value below:

PV=FV/(1+r)^n

PV=current price=$441.46

FV=face value at redemption=$1000

r=unknown yield to maturity

n=duration of the zero coupon=7 years

441.46=1000/(1+r)^7

1000/441.46=(1+r)^7

divide index by 7 on both sides

( 1000/441.46)^(1/7)=1+r

1.123905524 =1+r

r=1.123905524 -1=12.39%

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