The combustion of ammonia in the prescne of excess oxygen yield no2 and h2o. 0.119 grams of no2 are produced when 43.9mg of ammonia burn.
Molar mass of NH3 = 1*MM(N) + 3*MM(H)
= 1*14.01 + 3*1.008
= 17.034 g/mol
mass of NH3 = 0.0439 g
mol of NH3 = (mass)/(molar mass)
= 0.0439/17.034
= 2.577*10^-3 mol
From balanced chemical reaction, we see that
when 4 mol of NH3 reacts, 4 mol of NO2 is formed
mol of NO2 formed = moles of NH3
= 2.577*10^-3 mol
Molar mass of NO2 = 1*MM(N) + 2*MM(O)
= 1*14.01 + 2*16.0
= 46.01 g/mol
mass of NO2 = number of mol * molar mass
= 2.577*10^-3*46.01
= 0.119 g
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long-term potentiation may be involved in long-term memory. choose all of the following that are molecular changes that occur in long-term potentiation. multiple select question. a decrease in the number of nmda receptors entrance of calcium into the dendrite binding of glutamate to nmda receptors the release of nitric oxide which triggers more glutamate release
The correct ones are:
the release of nitric oxide which triggers more glutamate releasebinding of glutamate to NMDA receptorsentrance of calcium into the dendriteLong-term potentiation (LTP) is a process that involves the continuous strengthening of synapses, resulting in a long-term increase in signal transmission between neurons. It is a critical step in the process of synaptic plasticity. LTP recording is widely accepted as a cellular model for memory research.
Simple tasks can be taught to rats and mice. A mouse, for example, will swim around in a pool of murky water until it finds a hidden platform to climb out on. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength between hippocampal neurons is linked to learning and memory, and memory loss is thought to be caused by LTP dysfunction. LTP can be divided into two types: decaying (early-phase) LTP and nondecaying (late-phase) LTP.
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_________produces pyruvate. The multienzyme complex Glycolisis
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenesis
______catalyzes the oxidative pyruvate kinase glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase acetyl CoA carboxylase pyruvate dehydrogenase
______ of pyruvate to yield carbon dioxide and acetyl CoA. decarboxylation phosphorylation dehydrogenation
The overall equation for the reaction is
pyruvate + CoA + NADH + H+ acetyl CoA + NAD + + CO2 pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ + acetyl CoA + NADH + H+ +CO, pyruvate + COA + NAD+ - acetyl CoA + NADH + H+ pyruvate + COA+NAD acetyl COA+NADH+CO, +e pyruvate + CoA + NAD + CO, acetyl COA + NADH + H+
Acetyl CoA is the main form in which carbon compounds enter the_______
Cori cycle. citric acid cycle. electron-transport chain. Calvin cycle.
The answer is
1. Glycolysis produces pyruvate.
2. Pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of pyruvate kinase
3. Decarboxylation of pyruvate to yield carbon dioxide and acetyl CoA.
4. Acetyl CoA is the main form in which carbon compounds enter the
citric acid cycle.
What is Glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy. It produces two molecules of pyruvate, ATP, NADH, and water. The process takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell and does not require oxygen. It occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic organisms.
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When a substance is dissolved in water (the solvent), a(n) ____ solution is created.
Solutions that contain water as the solvent are known as aqueous solutions.
What does "solvents" mean?A liquid that dissolves another chemical to produce a homogenous mixed solution is known as a solvent. Based on its physiochemical, the solvent, which comprises the majority of something like the liquid, determines why a substance will assume the shape of a solid, liquids, or gas.
Why would a chemical solvent be used?Solvents are a group of heterogeneous compounds that can be used to weaken, disintegrate, or distribute other molecules. The ability of a solvent to dissolve another molecular depends on the chemical composition and physical traits of both the solvent and the solute.
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You add 100. 0 g of water at 60. 0°c to 100. 0 g of ice at 0. 00°c. Some of the ice melts and cools the water to 0. 00°c. When the ice and water mixture has come to a uniform temperature of 0°c, how much ice has melted?.
If you mix 100 g of ice at 0.00°c with 60 g of water at 60 °c, then 60 g of ice has melted. The water is cooled to 0.00°c as some of the ice melts. The ice also melted.
Ice has a melting point of 0°C, or 273K. Tungsten, which is used to create the filaments in light bulbs, is the chemical element with the highest melting point (3410°C). The temperature of the system does not rise during the melting process until after the melting point has been reached, even after all the ice has melted. Water is the primary component of the Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living things. It is an inorganic chemical with the chemical formula H2O(water) and is transparent, tasteless, odourless, and almost colourless.
H = MS(deltaT) (deltaT)
H = 100*4.184*(60-0)
H = 25104J
Now, the amount of heat needed to melt ice to 0 degrees Celsius is given by the formula delta H = 100*2.108 = 421.6J m = 24682.4/40.7*10^3 = 0.606g.
Ice melted to a total of 0.606g.
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write the chemical reaction that occurs between the two reacting species. include physical states. molecular equation: what volume of the solution is needed to completely react all 7.05 g of zinc powder? volume: l calculate the molarity of the zn2 ions in solution after the reaction. concentration: m
Zn(s) + Pb(NO3)2,(aq)⇄ Zn(NO3)2,(aq) + Pb(s) is the chemical reaction that occurs between the two reacting species. include physical states.
One or more chemicals (the reactants) transform into one or more new substances through a chemical reaction (the products). Chemical parts or chemical elements make up substances. In a chemical reaction, the atoms that make up the reactants are rearranged to produce various products.
Chemical reactions are vital to life itself, as well as to technology and culture. The burning of fuels, the smelting of iron, the creation of glass and pottery, the brewing of beer and wine, and the making of cheese are a few instances of ancient processes that entailed chemical reactions. The Earth's geology, atmosphere, oceans, and a variety of intricate processes that take place in all living systems are rife with chemical reactions.
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what is the concentration of h2so4 if 12.3 ml of 0.200 m naoh solution is needed to neutralize 10.0 ml of h2so4 solution, ?
The concentration of h2so4 when 12.3 ml of 0.200 m naoh solution is needed to neutralize 10.0 ml of h2so4 solution is 0.123 M.
What is solution?
In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more compounds in their relative proportions that can be continually altered up to what is referred to as the limit of solubility. Although the word "solution" is frequently used to refer to the liquid state of matter, solutions of gases and solids are also possible.
Solutions come in many forms, such as sugar and salt solutions, soda water, etc. In a solution, each element appears as a separate phase.
The answer is 0.123 M because the molarity of a solution can be determined using the following equation:
Molarity = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)
For this problem, you need to calculate the moles of H2SO4 in 10.0 ml of the solution. To do that, you need to convert the volume to liters first. 10.0 ml = 0.010 L. Now, you can calculate the moles of H2SO4:
Moles of H2SO4 = (Molarity of H2SO4) x (0.010 L)
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.123 M x 0.010 L = 0.00123 moles
Now, you can calculate the molarity of the H2SO4 solution using the same equation as before:
Molarity of H2SO4 = (0.00123 moles) / (0.010 L)
Molarity of H2SO4 = 0.123 M
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Balance the equation _NH3_02->_HNO3_H2O? alo, the 3 and 2 are lowered, but im not ure how to write it, it like ^3 or ^2 but lowered intead
Answer: _NH3 2O2->_HNO3_H2O
Explanation:
If in the question all the twos and threes are subscripts, that is the answer. Just put a 2 in front of the oxygen on the left side of the yield arrow, and everything will be balanced.
Energy stored in an object when it is located above the Earth's surface is known as __________ energy.
a
thermal
b
gravitational
c
mechanical
d
elastic
Answer:
it would be answer (B)
Explanation:
an open flask sitting in a lab refrigerator looks empty, but it is actually filled with a mixture of gases called air. if the flask volume is 3.00 l,3.00 l, and the air is at standard temperature and pressure, how many gaseous molecules does the flask contain?
At standard temperature and pressure, the number of gaseous molecules in the flask is 9.409 × [tex]10^{22}[/tex] and the number of moles in the flask is 0.1562 moles.
What are moles?The International System of Units uses the term "mole" (symbol: mol) to denote the amount of a substance . The quantity of a substance is a measurement of the number of elementary entities of a specific substance present in an object or sample. Exact 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]elementary items are required to define a mole.
Calculations:
The volume of the flask = 3.5 L
At STP gas occupy 22.4 L volume.
Number of moles in the flask,
n = 3.5/22.4
n = 0.1562 mol.
As we know 1 mole = 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]
The number of gaseous molecules in the flask will be,
= 1.562 × 6.02 × 10²³
= 9.409 × 10²²
Hence, at standard temperature and pressure, the number of gaseous molecules in the flask is 9.409 × [tex]10^{22}[/tex] and the number of moles in the flask is 0.1562 moles.
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Under which set of conditions will the ideal gas law give the best approximation for the properties of a real gas?
Select the correct answer below:
low pressure and low temperature
low pressure and high temperature
high pressure and low temperature
high pressure and high temperature
For a real gas to approach the properties of an ideal gas, the pressure should be low, the attraction between the molecules should be high, and temperature should be high.
Ideal gas conditions are:
An ideal gas is a gas that has no intermolecular attraction.An ideal gas is a gas with negligible volume.The ideal gas equation isPV =nRT
The real gas conditions are:
A real gas is a gas that has an intermolecular attraction.A real gas is a gas that has volume. The real gas equation is(P +αn²) (V - nb) = nRT
V²
Thus, real gases behave ideally at high temperatures and low pressures.
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What do the edifices made from the hot water vent look like and what are they made of?.
The concept of rising hot water applies to water heaters, which might be vertical or horizontal vent ducts. Air exhaust from water heaters should be removed. The gas fumes are not necessary for the vents.
Water heaters need to be vented outside since the exhaust gas needs to leave the heaters and the vent runs right through their walls. In order to avoid potentially harmful effects, the residual gas fumes must be evacuated out through the vent pipes while the fuel is being burned. The vents can be run horizontally to the outside of the house and do not depend on hot air's buoyancy. As a result, the edifices from the hot water vent have an edifice-like appearance and are constructed of insulators and polymers.
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What is the difference between poisonous and venomous?
Answer:
Explanation:
Poison is a toxin that gets into the body by inhaling, swallowing, or absorption through the skin. Venomous: it's when the toxin is injected into you.
If the bond angle between two adjacent hybrid orbitals is 180°, which is the hybridization?.
sp hybridization is observed when one s and one p orbital in the same main shell of an atom mix to form two new equivalent orbitals. The new orbitals formed are called sp hybridized orbitals. It forms linear molecules with an angle of 180°
-This type of hybridization involves the mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and one ‘p’ orbital of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as an sp hybridized orbital.
-sp hybridization is also called diagonal hybridization.
-Each sp hybridized orbital has an equal amount of s and p character – 50% s and 50% p character.
HYBRIDIZATION : Redistribution of the energy of orbitals of individual atoms to give orbitals of equivalent energy happens when two atomic orbitals combine to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule. This process is called hybridization.
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what generalization can you make about a single compound's rf value when tested in a series of solvents with increasing polarity
As the RF (resonance frequency) increases, the polarity of the molecule increases as well.
Polarity is a measure of the separation of charges in a molecule. The higher the polarity, the greater the separation of charges. This is because the higher the frequency, the more energy is transferred to the molecule, which increases the charge separation and therefore the polarity.
As the RF (resonance frequency) increases, the polarity of the molecule increases as well. This is because the higher the frequency, the more energy is transferred to the molecule, which increases the charge separation and therefore the polarity.
The increase in polarity is due to the increased energy being transferred to the molecule as the frequency increases. As the energy is absorbed, the electrons in the molecule are pulled further apart, increasing the separation of the positive and negative charges and thus increasing the polarity of the molecule. This increased polarity can be seen in the increased strength of intermolecular forces, leading to an increase in the boiling and melting points of the molecule.
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hydrofluoric acid (hf), cannot be stored in glass bottles because compounds called silicates in the glass are attacked by the hf. sodium silicate (na2sio3), for example, reacts as follows: na2sio3(s) 8hf(aq) h2sif6(aq) 2naf(aq) 3h2o(l) a) how many moles of hf are needed to react with 0.300 mol of na2sio3?
The number of moles of HF needed to react with 0.3 mol of Na₂SiO₃ is 0.24 moles.
The given reaction is,
Na₂SiO₃ (s)+HF (aq) -----> H₂SiF₆ (aq)+NaF (ag)+H₂O (l). This equation is to be balanced at first which is given by,
Na₂SiO₃+8HF-----> H₂SiF₆+ 2NaF + 3H₂O
In addition to that, the number of moles of Na₂SiO₃ given is 0.300 moles.
It can be clearly seen from the reaction that 1 mole of Na₂SiO₃is needed to react with 8 moles of HF. Therefore,
0.300 mol of Na₂SiO₃ will need the following amount of HF,
= 8x0.3
No of moles of HF = 0.24 mole of HF
Therefore, the 0.24moles of HF is required to react with 0.300 moles of NaSiO3.
In this way, the number of moles required could be computed easily.
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Lead will react with hydrochloride acid in a ingle replacement reaction. How many mile of hydrochloric acid are needed to completely react with 0. 36 mol of lead
In order for 0.36 mol of lead to totally react, 0.72 mol of Hydrochloric acid is required.
What is the purpose of hydrochloric acid?In the food, textile, metal, or rubber sectors, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is frequently employed as a bleaching agent to neutralize alkaline substances. When discharged into the soil, it is neutralized, and when it comes into contact with water, it hydrolyzes quickly.Low concentrations exposed over an extended period of time may damage and stain teeth. The EPA has not rated the carcinogenicity of hydrochloric acid.
Does hydrochloric acid harm people?Chemical burns from hydrochloric acid can be extremely painful if they come into contact with epidermis or other tissues. Ingestion of hydrochloric might result in blindness. The amount of acid present determines how severe the burns.
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NaHCO3 + HCI → NaCl + H₂O + CO₂
NaHCO3: 82.99 g/mol
You previously determined that a
particular sealed container holds
0.261 mol CO2 gas. What mass of
NaHCO3 is needed to generate the CO2?
Hint: Use stoichiometry
Mass of NaHCO3 is needed to generate the CO2 is 0.3043 g.
How do you find the total mass of a product?Mass of reactants equals mass of products. By inserting the word "moles" between each coefficient and formula, this equation may be read in "moles." A ratio of the moles for any two substances in an equation is known as a mole-mole factor.Thus, the mass of the reactant and the mass of the product are identical. A product is the substance created as a result of a chemical reaction, whereas a reactant is the chemical reaction of two or more elements to create a new substance.The ideal gas law, PV=nRT, can be used to determine the molar mass of a gas by substituting the definition of molar mass for n, the number of moles.Find the attachment answer
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consider the following half-reactions: mno4−(aq) 8h (aq) 5e−→ mn2 (aq) 4h2o(l) no3−(aq) 4h (aq) 3e− → no(g) 2h2o(l) will no3− oxidize mn2 to mno4− under standard-state conditions?
The values for the reduction potential are: Mn2+ = +1.51 V, NO3 = +0.96 V. According to the results shown, NO3's reduction potential is lower than Mn2 reduction potential. Thus, NO3 cannot oxidize Mn2+.
How to balance equation?Considering half reactions:
MnO4(aq) + 8H (aq) + 5e Mn2+(aq) + 4H₂O(1)
NO3 (aq) + 4H (aq) + 3e NO(g) + 2H2O(1)
Both the reactions are reduction reactions involving gain of electrons. Nitrate ion is itself reduced to NO and can oxidize any ion which is losing electrons.
Reversing the first given reaction:
Mn2+ (aq) + 4H₂O(l) → MnO4¯(aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e-
NO3-(aq) + 4H +(aq) + 3e- NO(g) + 2H2O(1)
(l)According to this equation, Mn (II) loses electrons to get oxidized to permanganate ion and nitrate ion is reduced to NO. These 2 reactions give result to redox reaction where Nitrate can reduce itself to NO, and oxidize the corresponding Mn (II) ion.
What makes it a "half reaction," and why?An oxidation and a reduction are the two components of a redox process. These two processes, which are referred to as half reactions, entail altering the oxidation state of the reacting atoms.
what is the definition of oxidation-reduction reactions?Chemical processes known as oxidation-reduction reactions involve the exchange of electrons between the reacting species. The oxidation status of the reactants changes in conjunction with these electron exchanges.
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suppose that 9.94 x 10^3 mol of hydrogen gas occupies a 1,317 ml container at 199°c. what is the pressure (in torr)?
The equation PV=nRT from the ideal gas law can be used to calculate the sample pressure. Use the conversion factor 1 atm = 760 torr to find the pressure in torr. You'll get 34,877 Torr as a result.
How to solve?the ideal gas law equation is used to determine the pressure of the sample.
PV=nRT, where
P - the pressure of the hydrogen sample
V - the volume it occupies
n- the number of moles of gas;
R- the universal gas constant, usually given as 0.082atm⋅L/mol⋅K
T- the temperature of the gas - expressed in Kelvin
So, rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for
P, the pressure of the gas.
P=nRTV
Put in your values and find
P - do not forget that you need to use the volume in liters and the temperature in Kelvin
P=9.94 x 10^3 mol ⋅0.082atm⋅L/mol⋅K⋅(273.15−199)K/1.3L
P=3.4877 atm
To get the pressure in torr, you need to use the conversion factor
1 atm = 760 torr
This will get you
3.4877atm⋅760 torr/1atm=34,877torr
What distinguishes real gas from ideal gas?Gases come in two varieties. Gases that are ideal and real. Given that an ideal gas has very small particles, nearly negligible mass, and no volume A point mass is also referred to as an ideal gas. Real gas molecules, despite being small particles with volume, occupy space.
The author of the ideal gas equation?One equation, developed through the experimental work of many people, particularly Robert Boyle, Jacques A. C. Charles, and Joseph Gay-Lussac, relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of an ideal gas.
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strontium chloride and sodium fluoride react to form strontium fluoride and sodium chloride, according to the reaction shown. srcl2(aq) 2naf(aq)⟶srf2(s) 2nacl(aq) what volume of a 0.450 m naf solution is required to react completely with 935 ml of a 0.320 m srcl2 solution? volume: ml how many moles of srf2 are formed from this reaction?
0.6122L volume of a 0.450 m naf solution is required to react completely with 935 ml of a 0.320 m strontium chloride solution , 0.15 ml moles of strontium fluoride are formed from this reaction
A strontium and chlorine salt is known as strontium chloride. It is a "typical" salt and creates watery neutral solutions. This salt creates a bright red flame, just like all strontium compounds do, and is frequently used in pyrotechnics because of this.
PART A
Number of moles of SrCl, Molarity Volume (L)
=0.420x0.357 L
=0.15 mol
According to the reaction, 2 mol of NaF reacts with 1 mol of SrCI,
Therefore, number of moles of NaF needed to react with 0.15 mol of StCl, is calculated as follows:
Number of moles of NaF needded = 0.15 molx2 mol NaF1 mol
=0.30 mol NaF
Volume of NaF needed
=no. of moles/molarity
=0.30 mol/0.490 mol/L
=0.6122 L
PART B
For 1 mol of SrCl,, 2 mol of NaF is required to form 1 mol of STF, Therefore, moles of SrF, formed by 0.30 mol of NaF is calculated as follows:Moles of SrF, formed = 1/2x0.30
=0.15 mol
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which of the following does not belong on the list? a) deflation b) blowout c) saltation d) abrasion
Saltation Since Deflation: removing and raising loose sand Blowout: powerful onshore winds create parabolic dunes Saltation is the term for the bouncing motion of sand grains caused by fluids like wind or water. Deflation: wind-driven sandblasting.
Describe deflation through an example.The term "deflation" refers to a drop in asset prices or overall prices for products and services. When prices decrease, the phenomenon is referred to as deflation or a negative inflation rate. As prices fall, consumers' purchasing power rises, allowing them to spend the same amount of money on a greater variety of goods and services.
What does saltation mean?The word saltation comes from the Latin word saltare, which means to leap or jump. Although the distinctiveness of saltation in water is not nearly as evident as in air, movement by saltation has also been suggested for water transport of particles towards the bed.
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a titration of 15.00ml of naoh requires 10.50ml of 0.450m h2so4 . what is the molarity of the naoh solution? 2naoh h2so4 --> na2so4 2h2o
A titration of 15 mL of NaOH requires 10.50 mL of 0.450 M H₂SO₄ . the molarity of NaOH solution is 0.53 M
The reaction is given as :
H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH -----> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.450 M
volume = 10.50 mL = 0.01050 L
moles of H₂SO₄ = molarity × volume
= 0.450 × 0.0105
= 0.004 mol
moles of H₂SO₄ = 2 moles of NaOH
moles of NaOH = 2 × 0.004
= 0.008
molarity of NaOH = 0.008 / 0.015
= 0.53 M
The molarity of the NaOH solution with volume 15 mL is 0.53 M.
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: at low ph you may have seen high absorbance even in the control samples that never had the enzyme added to them. why? what is causing the production of glucose in these samples?
A Spectrophotometer measures enzyme activity by measuring the rate at which absorbance change. Absorbance means to measure the concentration of the product of an enzyme reaction.
How does low ph causes high absorbance?
Enzyme activity is at its maximum value at the optimum pH. As the pH value is increased above or decreased below the optimum pH the enzyme activity decreases.
So, when the medium of study is highly acidic the breaking of the bonds takes place easily. At lower pH values, the absorbance is high because the acid slows down the enzyme activity thereby changing its optimal pH and causes hydrolysis.
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review the procedure. is it necessary to know the exact volume of: (a) hydrogen peroxide solution added to the flask in step 7? (b) water added to the flask in step 8? why or why not?
The exact volume of peroxide is needed to be added because it is helpful in knowing about the concentration of the analyte similarly water also should be added knowing its exact volume as it improves the accuracy of the answer required.
a) It is important to know the exact volume of peroxide to be added to the flask in order to ensure that the correct amount of peroxide is used in the reaction and that the reaction has the desired outcome.
By knowing the exact volume of peroxide, the chemist can also ensure that there is no excess peroxide that could cause a dangerous reaction. Additionally, if the correct amount of peroxide is not used, the reaction may not occur correctly or may yield unwanted products. Knowing the exact volume of peroxide also helps the chemist control the reaction rate and the desired product yields. Finally, using the correct amount of peroxide can help prevent contamination of the reaction mixture.
b) It is necessary to know the exact volume of water to be added to the flask for a number of reasons. First, accurate measurement of volume helps to ensure the accuracy of the results from the experiment. If too much or too little water is added, it can skew the results or cause the experiment to fail.
Second, the volume of water will affect the rate of temperature change. If too little or too much water is added, the temperature change may not be as dramatic as desired, or it may take too long to reach the desired temperature.
Finally, the volume of water will affect the amount of energy required to heat the water up. If too much water is added, it can take a long time and require a lot of energy to heat the water to the desired temperature. Knowing the exact volume of water to be added to the flask is critical to ensure the experiment is successful and the results are accurate.
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medical gamma imaging is most often done with the technetium isotope 99tc, which decays by emitting a gamma-ray photon with energy 140 kev. what is the mass loss of the nucleus upon emission of this gamma ray?
The mass loss of the nucleus emission of this gamma ray is 1.5 × 10⁻⁴ amu.
given that :
the energy = 140 keV 140000 eV
the energy and mass expression is given as :
e = m c²
where,
m = mass
c , speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s
m = e / c²
m = e / 931.4 × 10⁶ amu
m = 140000 / 931.4 × 10⁶ amu
m = 1.5 × 10⁻⁴ amu
Thus, Medical gamma imaging is most often done with the technetium isotope 99tc, which decays by emitting a gamma-ray photon with energy 140 kev. the mass loss of the nucleus upon emission of this gamma ray in amu is 1.5 × 10⁻⁴ amu.
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atmospheric stability and wind conditions control group of answer choices the vertical and horizontal dispersion of pollutants the quantity of pollution emitted into the atmosphere from industrial and mobile sources. the rate of photochemical reactions taking place. the increased use of fuel for heating or cooling
The correct answer is
atmospheric stability and wind conditions control the vertical and horizontal dispersion of pollutants.
What is meant by atmospheric stability?
Atmospheric stability is a measure of atmospheric status which determines whether or not air will rise, sink, or be neutral. In general, stability refers to air tendency to rise or to resist vertical motion.
Three Types of Stability
1. An unstable atmosphere will enhance or encourage the vertical movement of air.
2. A stable atmosphere will suppress or resist vertical motion.
3. A neutral atmosphere will neither suppress nor enhance vertical motion.
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a solution was prepared by mixing 12.49 mg of d plus 10.00 ml of unknown containing just c, and diluting to 25.00 ml. peak areas of 5.97 and 6.38 cm2 were observed for c and d, respectively. find the concentration (mg/ml) of c in the unknown.
The concentration of A is 0.417 mg/ml.
Response factor (F) for compound "A" with response to "B" is
(Area) A / [A] = F x (Area) B / [B]
10.86 / 1.03 = F x 4.37 / 1.16
F = 2.799
Now, unknown solution has 12.49 mg of B
Final conc. of B = 12.49 mg / 25 ml = 0.4996 mg/ml
Let conc. of A = x mg / ml
Final conc. of A = 10ml / 25ml . x mg / ml
=0.4 c mg /ml
Now (Area) A = 5.97, (Area) B = 6.38
5.97 / 0.4 x = 2.799 . 6.38 / 0.4996
x = 0.417 mg/ml
Solution, in chemistry, a homogenous mixture of or more materials in relative amounts that may be varied continuously up to what's referred to as the restrict of solubility. The term solution is typically implemented to the liquid nation of count number, but solutions of gases and solids are feasible.
Let us find out in this text. As a protracted as a liquid is made of a single substance, it remains pure and is known as a liquid. While something is added to it, it will become a solution.
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why is the reduction of the nitro group completed in the second step of this sequence rather than the first?
The action of hydrazine on carboxylic acid involves the nitro group's electron-withdrawing properties.
Since carboxylic acid is a poor electrophile and the nitro group's ability to suck electrons increases it, hydrazine can easily attack it. Aniline is a base that can affect the hydrazine's reactivity if we reduce in the first stage. A fascinating chemical is luminol, which produces light as a byproduct of oxidation. It is a component of a forensic test for blood, as seen on the CSI television program.
1.The first procedure in the production of luminol involves the reaction of hydrazine with 3-nitrophthalic acid.
2. Triethylene glycol, a solvent with a high boiling point, is added to an aqueous solution of the hydrazine salt to facilitate this reaction. After boiling out the extra water, the temperature is increased to a point where the dehydration is complete within a short period of time. Using sodium dithionite, the nitro- group of the resultant product, nitrophthalhydrazide.
3.is then converted to an amine group to create luminol.
4.Due to compound 3's enolization, which makes it soluble in alkali, the reduction is carried.
Thus, reduction of the nitro group is completed in the second step of this sequence rather than the first.
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select all the diatomic elements that exist as gases at room temperature. multiple select question. halogens such as f2 and cl2 nitrogen and oxygen noble (or inert) gases hydrogen gas
The answer is:
Halogens such as F2 and Cl2
Hydrogen gas
Nitrogen and oxygen
Diatomic elements are seven unique molecules that are composed of two atoms. All of the elements in this elite group are gases. If we look at the prefix 'di-' in the word diatomic, it comes from the Greek origin of 'two.' Every molecule has its own unique molecular formula, and for diatomic elements, their formula always contains a subscript of 2, which represents two atoms in its structure. As an example, the diatomic element oxygen has a formula of [tex]O_{2}[/tex], meaning there are two separate oxygen atoms present.
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consider equimolar samples of different ideal gases at the same volume and temperature. gas a has a higher molar mass than gas b. compare the pressures. a>b a
The ideal gas equation is PV = nRT, The pressure A =B.
Equimolar quantities of salts are taken for double salts education due to the fact the houses of the character cation or anion does no longer alternate in double salts while dissociates and if salts are not in equimolar then they could get precipitate.
An equimolar buffer is one in which the concentration of the susceptible acid (or base) is the same as the concentration of the conjugate ion.
Quantities in chemistry are commonly expressed as moles; whereas concentrations use the time period molar. A mole of some thing is the molecular weight for the compound expressed as grams.
case I
n= same , T= same , V= same Thus
i) pressures A =B
ii) rmas speed is given by u = (3RT/M)1/2
Thus A with higher molar mass has less rms speed
A< B
iii) average kinetic energy depends only on temperature (Average Kinetic energy = 3/2 RT)
Thus A =B as they are at same temperature
Case II
C and D are at
n= same , M = same , V= same T(C) > T(D)
i) pressures C>D as P is proportional to T
ii) rms speed
C>D as rms velocity is proportional to T
iii) average kinetic energy C >D
Case III
n = same M = same , T = same , V of E >F
i) pressures E<F as P is inversely proprtional to V
ii) rms speed E =F at same temperature
iii) average kinetic energy E =F
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consider equimolar samples of different ideal gases at the same volume and temperature. gas a has a higher molar mass than gas b. compare the pressures. a>b a