Scientists at a metallurgic factory are testing different metals to study the strength of the electrical forces between their atoms. They determined the force needed to bend a sheet of each metal and found that metal a requires 50 n of force, metal b requires 30 n, metal c requires 70 n, and metal d requires 100 n. Which metal will have the lowest melting point?.

The final answer is:

A) momentum = 4.53 kgm/s

B) Force = 2263 J

Given:

mass = 62 g = 0.062 kg

velocity = 73 m/s

Impact lasted = 2 × 10⁻³

A) The momentum of an object can be found by using the formula

momentum = mass × velocity

From the question

mass = 62 g = 0.062 kg

velocity = 73 m/s

We have

momentum = 0.062 × 73 = 4.526

momentum = 4.53 kgm/s

B) To find the force on the ball,

We can use the formula as:

force= (62/1000) × [73-0/(2 × 10⁻³)]

force = 2263 J

Therefore the momentum of the ball is 4.53 kgm/s and the force is 2263 J.

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Two students are playing paper football. The x-component of the velocity vector is 10.97 m/s.

Given that,

Initial velocity of the football is, u = 15 m/s

Angle of projection, θ = 43°

The x-component of the velocity which is also known as horizontal component is given as:

Vx = V cos(43°) = 15* 0.731 = 10.965 ≈ 10.97 m/s

The y-component of the velocity which is also known as vertical component is given as:

Vy = V sin(43°) = 15* 0.682 = 10.23 m/s

Thus, x-component of the velocity is 10.97 m/s, y-component of the velocity is 10.23 m/s.

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The wavelength of this sound in water, where the speed of sound is 1500 m/s  is 26.31 m.

What is wavelength ?

The wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.

[tex]V=n \lambda[/tex]

where λ is wave length, n frequency and V velocity of sound

[tex]\lambda=\frac{V}{n}=\frac{1500}{57}=26.315 \mathrm{~m}[/tex]

The frequency f = 57 Hz of the sound that the purpoiseemits is the same in water as it was in its original medium. If thevelocity of sound in water is v = 1500 m/s, the relationship between velocity, wavelength λ and frequencyis:

[tex]v=f \lambda[/tex]

[tex]\lambda=\frac{v}{f}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda=\frac{1500}{57}[/tex]= 26.31 m

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When light passes from one medium to another the speed of the light changes. Therefore, the given statement is false.

Refraction takes place when the light travels from one medium to another medium it changes its speed. Refraction can be defined as the redirection of light as it passes from one medium to another.

The redirection of the light ray causes by the change in the speed of the wave or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light can be observed for sound waves and water also experiences refraction.

Refraction of light obeys Snell's law, according to which the ratio of the sines of the angle of incidence and angle of refraction must be equal to the ratio of the refractive indices of the two media.

[tex]{\displaystyle {\frac{Sin \theta_1}{Sin \theta_2} =\frac{n_2}{n_1}[/tex]

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S' = 14.77 cm height of image = 0.577 mm is the computed response. It is inverted because magnification is negative.

Where radius (R) is positive because it is facing the same direction as the refracted light, and index of refraction (n1) = 1 for air and index of refraction for glass (n2) = 1.60, object distance from vertex to spherical surface (s) is 24 cm, or 0.24 meters, and image distance from vertex to spherical surface (s') is 4 cm, or 0.04 meters.

Height of object = y = 1.5 mm = 0.0015 m Height of image = y'

For a spherical reflecting surface, the object-image formula is:

According to the magnifying formula:

It is inverted because magnification is negative.

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Answer:

Trial 1 is the largest, trial 3 is the smallest

Explanation:

Given:

Trial 1

M₁ = 6·10²² kg

d₁ = 3 500 km = 3.5·10⁶ м

Trial  2

M₂ = 6·10²² kg

d₂ = 7 000 km = 7·10⁶ м

Trial  3

M₃ = 3·10²² kg

d₃ = 7 000 km = 7·10⁶ м

___________

F - ?

Gravitational force:

F₁ = G·m·M₁ / d₁² = m·6.67·10⁻¹¹·6·10²² / (3.5·10⁶)² = 0.37·m  (N)

F₂ = G·m·M₂ / d₂² = m·6.67·10⁻¹¹·6·10²² / (7·10⁶)² = 0.08·m  (N)

F₃ = G·m·M₃ / d₃² = m·6.67·10⁻¹¹·3·10²² / (7·10⁶)² = 0.04·m  (N)

Trial 1 is the largest, trial 3 is the smallest

The amount of air drag on an 0. 8n flying squirrel dropping vertically at terminal velocity is 0.8N

Everywhere we look, there is the drag force. In a ball of fluids, we survive (air and water). Any time there is motion in a fluid, such as air, water, or another one, drag forces become present.

Drag forces are resistive forces that are present when things move through fluids (a gas or a liquid).

Always acting in opposition to fluid flow is the drag force. Aerodynamic drag is the motion of the body in the fluid-like air. Additionally, it is known as hydrodynamic drag if the fluid is water.

The element of vertical velocity (motion). Forecasting areas of dynamic weather requires careful analysis of regions with an upward vertical velocity.

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The speed of the laser beam relative to Tom is 2.95c.

The teenager Sam and Tom are approaching each other with a speed of 0.95c while playing chicken in their rocket.

Sa fires a laser from his rocket towards Tom.

The speed of the laser will be equal to c because it will have the speed of light.

Now, the speed of the the rocket of Sam from the rocket of Tom will be,

V = 0.95c-(-0.95c)

V = 1.95c.

Now, because the laser is fired towards Tom, speed of the laser with respect to Tom will be,

V' = 1.95c - (-c)

V' = 2.95c.

So, the speed of the laser beam relative to Tom is 2.95c.

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It has a planet orbiting at a distance larger than 1 AU when you discover a star that rotates back and forth every 16 months and has the same mass as the sun.

How can a planet's orbit move inward due to a gravitational collision? Another object receives both energy and angular momentum from it.

There are two fundamental obstacles to directly finding exoplanets. One is that as we go farther away from the earth, the angular size of planets decreases and is no longer able to be resolved in a picture.

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–686 kcal/mol, shows an instance in which the energy released from glucose during cellular respiration would be captures as ADP or lost as heat.

energy is ability to do the work.Scientist defines energy as the ability do to the work.

The energy released from glucose during this reaction is used and also wasted. Some of the energy is used as work while some amounts are used in other processes or stored for transfer to other organisms. Also, some of the energy is wasted in the form of heat.

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Specific focal animal codes are also provided for specific activities.

For these above mentioned sampling techniques, it is said to collect various data of the primates from a particular video within 2 minutes of time interval.

These data are of context (general activity), position, social behaviour, substrate, food (type of eating) for focal animal sampling and feeding, resting, travelling, social for scan sampling. For focal animal sampling the total time is one-half hour and for scan sampling it is 20 minute which we have to devide by 2 minutes of intervals.

For example if the video is of 6 minutes then it would be as follows:

0:00 - 2:00 = Context, position, etc.

2:00 - 4:00 = Context, position, etc.

4:00 - 6:00 = Context, position, etc.

Specific focal animal codes are also provided for specific activities.

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2ω is the resistance of the second wire if the resistance of the first is 4ω if two wires have the same length, but the second has twice the diameter of the first.

R= 4ω.

R = ρl/A

2d=r

R2=2ω

Resistance is the capacity of a conductor to obstruct the passage of an electric current through it. It is controlled by the interaction of the applied voltage and the electric current passing through it.

Conductors have very little resistance, whereas insulators have a significant amount of resistance. The resistance increases as the current flow decreases. Resistance is influenced by the properties and dimensions of the material (area of cross section)

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The frequency range of electromagnetic waves of X-ray is 3 ×10¹⁶ Hz to  3 ×10¹⁹ Hz. The wavelength range of electromagnetic waves of X-ray is  0.01 nm t0 10 nm.

The electromagnetic spectrum of electromagnetic waves can be described as the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and its wavelengths and photon energies. The electromagnetic spectrum have range from one Hertz to above 10²⁵ Hertz.

The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation lies in between 380 to 760 nm and is detected by the human eye and characterized as visible light.

Electromagnetic waves of each frequency band are known by different names; starting at the low frequency (long wavelength) end of the spectrum these are radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible light, UV, X-rays, and gamma rays at the high-frequency (short wavelength) end.

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The size of a wave is equivalent to half its top to valley distance, which is the solution to the question.

Briefing:

A = 1/2* distance

A = 1/2* 5.8

A = 2.9m

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If a glacier has a smooth bedrock-glacier interface and/or that interface contains water from melting ice, that glacier is likely to move more rapidly than one that has an irregular interface and is frozen at its base is true.

Isotope geochemistry is a key technique for studying long-term climate change. The most common type of oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutrons, giving it an atomic weight of 16 (¹⁶O), which is referred to as "light" oxygen. Because only a tiny percentage of oxygen atoms contain two additional neutrons, giving them an atomic weight of 18 (¹⁸O), or "heavy" oxygen, the rest of oxygen is referred to as "light" oxygen. Only roughly 1 in 500 oxygen atoms contain the uncommon form ¹⁸O.

Although the amount of heavy oxygen in ice varies with temperature, it has less ¹⁸O than saltwater. We need to consider the process of glacier formation in order to comprehend why this may be the case. The water-ice in glaciers began as mist in the seas, fell as snow, and then solidified into ice. When water vaporizes, the light water ([tex]H_{2}[/tex]O) enriches the water vapor while the heavy water ([tex]H_{2}[/tex]¹⁸O) is left behind ([tex]H_{2}[/tex]¹⁶O). This is only a result of the heavier molecules finding it more difficult to get past the evaporation barriers. So, although the oceans are considerably richer in ¹⁸O, glaciers are relatively enhanced in ¹⁶O. In contrast to warmer regions, this imbalance is more pronounced in colder climates.

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Their exists seven stages in a stars life cycle. They start as a gas cloud and end as a star remnant. The shortest stage is red giant and longest stage is main sequence.

What are the seven stages of stars life?

Just like hunna beings stars also undergo through a life cycle. Even they are born, change and grow and then ultimately die.

There are around seven main stages of a star

1. Giant gas cloud : As the name suggests, it's basically a large cloud of gas. Here, temperature is least and origination of

molecules begin here.

2. Protostar : the molecules that were born in giant gas cloud, starts running towards each other in this stage. They start mixing and produce heat energy. Hence, a warm clump of molecules originate called as a protostar.

3. T-Tauri phase: here, the protostar stage stops and large amount of heat energy is released  the temperature here is still moderate.

4. Main sequence : here the temperature reaches at a point, where fusion can begin. Here basically hydrogen gets converted to atoms of helium.

5. Red giant: here the star appears red and that's why it's name is red giant. In this stage, the star contracts inside because of gravity.

6. Fusion of heavier elements: here helium molecules fuse at the core and the star starts expanding. Slowly, core shrinks and carbon starts fusing and helium fusion ends. This keeps on happening until iron appears on the core. Iron then collapses the core. And because of this collapse, the star turns into supernova.

7. Supernova : here, the core implodes into a neutron star or a black hole. Smaller stars don't explode and contract inside. These small stars are the most common stars that burn for trillions of years.

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The Kuiper Belt has been known since the 1950s, but it wasn't until the 1990s that technology advanced enough to provide astronomers with the means to observe and detect Kuiper Belt objects.

Advances in telescope and imaging technology made it possible to detect faint and distant objects, and the use of powerful computers enabled the analysis of vast amounts of data. The discovery of the first Kuiper Belt object, 1992 QB1, in 1992, marked the beginning of a new era of exploration and discovery of the Kuiper Belt.

Is a region of the outer solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune that is home to thousands of icy small bodies, including dwarf planets like Pluto. It is believed to contain the source material for comets that originate in the outer solar system.

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The falling time for objects dropped from rest is 5.19 s. The final speed of the objects before the braking period begins is 50.9 m/s.

falling time for objects is 5.19s

s = ut + - 1/2at²

(d) = (0m/s)t+1/2(g)t²

(-132 m) =

(-9.81 m/s² )T\t²

t = 5.19 s

v = u+ at

v = (0 m/s) +(g)t

v = (-9.81 m/s2 ) (5.19 s)

v=-50.91 m/s

The speed of an item, which is a scalar number in daily use and kinematics, is the size of the change in that object's position over time or the size of  change in that object's position .

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The speed and kinetic energy of an object of mass m moving in a circular orbit of radius r and speed v about a planet of mass M is given by v = √(GM/r), KE = ½m(GM/r).

What is kinetic energy?
The energy an object has as a result of motion is known as kinetic energy in physics. It is described as the effort required to move a mass-determined body from rest to the stated velocity. The body holds onto the kinetic energy it acquired during its acceleration until its speed changes. The body exerts the same amount of effort when slowing down out of its current speed to the a state of rest. Officially, a kinetic energy would be any term that includes a derivative to respect to time in the Lagrangian of a system.

Speed:

The speed of an object of mass m moving in a circular orbit of radius r with speed v around a planet of mass M is given by:
v = √(GM/r)
where G is the gravitational constant (6.67 × 10-11 N*m2/kg2).

Kinetic Energy:
The kinetic energy of an object of mass m moving in a circular orbit of radius r with speed v around a planet of mass M is given by:
KE = ½mv2
Substituting the expression for v into this equation, we get:
KE = ½m√(GM/r)2
KE = ½m(GM/r)

Therefore, the speed and kinetic energy of an object of mass m moving in a circular orbit of radius r and speed v about a planet of mass M is given by:

v = √(GM/r)
KE = ½m(GM/r)

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The pair BCEG will interfere constructively, while the pair ADF will interfere destructively.

From the question, we have

When the path difference is equal to an integral multiple of the wavelength, two coherent waves interact positively.

That is the path difference must be mλ

where m = 0,1,2,3.... is an integer and λ is the wavelength

Hence, the pair BCEG interfere constructively

Two coherent waves interfere destructively when the path difference is equal to a half-integral multiple of the wavelength.

That is the path difference must be (m+1/2)λ

where m = 0,1,2,3....   is an integer and λ is the wavelength

Hence, the pair ADF interfere destructively

Interference:

Interference is what happens when two or more waves meet each other. The peaks and troughs of the overlapping waves may add up, or they may partially or entirely cancel one another, depending on how they line up. Interference, as defined, is the phenomena when two or more waves combine to produce a new wave that has the same, a bigger, or a lesser amplitude.

Complete question:

Now consider a wave which is paired with seven other waves into seven pairs. The two waves in each pairing are identical, except that one of them is shifted relative to the other in the pair by the distance shown: A. -(1/2) ?B. 2?C. -5?D. (3/2)?E. 0F. (17/2)?G. (6/2)?Identify which of the seven pairs will interfere constructively and which will interfere destructively. Each letter represents a pair of waves. Enter the letters of the pairs that correspond to constructive interference in alphabetical order and the letters of the pairs that correspond to pairs that interfere destructively in alphabetical order separated by a comma. For example if pairs A, B and D interfere constructively and pairs C and F interfere destructively

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the spring constant, k for a 12 cm length attached to the ceiling with 2.5 kg mass is 612.5.

what is spring constant ?

The stiffness of the spring is how we determine spring constant. In other words, we can define the spring constant as the force used to produce the specified displacement when the spring's displacement is one unit. It follows that a spring's spring constant will increase with increasing spring stiffness.

from the given information -

length of spring before attaching mass = 12 cm

length after attaching mass = 16 cm

mass attached = 2,5 kg

Force = k.x

k= Force/x = 2.5 x 9.8 / 0.04 = 612.5

Thus the spring constant, k for a 12 cm length attached to the ceiling with 2.5 kg mass is 612.5.

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The temperature of an object is 172°c. what is the peak wavelength (in µm) of the radiation emitted by the object at this temperature is 6.5101 μm.

The link between a blackbody's temperature and the wavelength at which it emits the most light is known as Wien's law, commonly referred to as Wien's displacement law.

According to Weins Equation spectral radiance of black-body radiation per unit wavelength, peaks at the wavelength λpeak given by:

λ(peak) = b/T

where T is the absolute temperature. b is a constant of proportionality. So the higher the temperature, the shorter or smaller the wavelength of the thermal radiation. The lower the temperature, the longer or larger the wavelength of the thermal radiation.

Now, T= 172+ 273.15 = 445.15 K
λ(peak)= 2898 μm⋅K/445.15 K    (As value of b is 2898 μm)

λ(peak) = 6.5101 μm

Therefore, peak wavelength of the radiation is 6.5101 μm.

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Answer: 94% efficiency

Explanation:

The equation needed:

Answer: Directional Drilling and Tunneling

Explanation:

The method used by engineers to pierce rock at angles other than just a straight line is known as directional drilling.

Directional drilling is defined as the practice of accessing an underground oil or gas reserve by drilling in a non-vertical direction where directional drilling is also called directional boring. Directional drilling increases the efficiency of oil and gas extraction, and can also reduce the environmental impact of drilling.

Drills are primarily used in woodworking, metalworking, construction, machine tool fabrication, construction, and utility projects. Specially designed versions have been made for miniature applications.

Thus, the method used by engineers to pierce rock at angles other than just a straight line is known as directional drilling.

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We can conclude that the kinetic energy of the arrow after it is being shot is 70 J.

What is kinetic energy?

The energy an item has as a result of motion is known as kinetic energy in physics. It is described as the effort required to move a mass-determined body from rest to the indicated velocity. The body holds onto the kinetic energy it acquired during its acceleration until its speed changes.

Given data:

The magnitude of potential energy is, U = 70 J.

Since, it is given that there is no net loss of energy, which definitely in accordance with the conservation of energy. As per the law of conservation of energy, "The total energy of the system remain conserved. The energy can change it's form or can transfer form from one system to another".

So, the entire potential energy of the arrow will get converted into the kinetic energy. That is,

U = KE

KE = 70 J

Thus, we can conclude that the kinetic energy of the arrow after it is being shot is 70 J.

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Potential energy (PE) is the energy that a body has due to its position or compressed state; it has the formula PE=MGH, where M stands for mass, G for the force of gravity.

Work done to the object is equal to force times displacement. Here is the formula for potential energy. According to the rule of conservation of energy, since the amount of work an item does is equal to mgh, the energy gained by the object is equal to mgh, which in this case is the potential energy E.

Joules (J), commonly known as Newton-meters, is the SI unit of energy.

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The amount of air drag on an 0.8 N flying squirrel dropping vertically at terminal velocity is 0.8 N

The terminal velocity is the speed at which an object falls freely through a gas or liquid.

A parachutist will typically reach a terminal velocity of about 150 miles per hour (240 km/h) if they wait to open the chute.

While raindrops fall at a significantly lower terminal velocity than a mist of minute oil droplets, the latter settles with an incredibly low terminal velocity.

When forced to move at a faster speed than its maximum speed, an object will slow. An object dropped from rest will increase its speed until it reaches terminal velocity, then slow down to this constant velocity upon release.

As a result, an object reaches terminal velocity when its acceleration (or deceleration) is zero and its speed is no longer increasing or decreasing.

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Given their position, Pluto , Eris are sometimes known as trans-Neptunian objects and dwarf planets (TNOs).

A dwarf planet outside of Neptune's orbit is referred to as a plutoid. As a result of their small size and extremely frigid surface temperatures, Plutoids are also sometimes referred to as "ice dwarfs." One of our solar system's largest dwarf planets is Eris. Despite being three times farther from the Sun, it is roughly the same size as Pluto.

Pluto was downgraded to a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) because it did not meet the three requirements for a full-sized planet. In essence, Pluto satisfies all the requirements save for the fact that it "has not cleared its neighboring region of other objects."

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Skydiver's acceleration is substantially greater than Earth's acceleration in its direction.

What is acceleration?

The rate at which velocity, measured in terms of speed and direction, changes over time is known as acceleration. Anything is said to have been accelerated when it goes faster or slower in a straight line.

You fall, your descent to the ground quickening. Until the drag from her falling speed due to wind resistance equals the acceleration induced by gravity, this acceleration will continue. Because air resistance, sometimes referred to as drag force, is typically far lower than the normal force of a body, he should continue to accelerate downward. When these forces are balanced, she will attain "terminal velocity," at which point she will cease gaining speed.

He will continue to descend until he opens his chute at the same pace, although the acceleration he experiences at first is due to gravity.

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The answer to the question is that both the current and the frequency will grow as they become increasingly high and low, respectively.

A capacitor is an electrical energy storage device made up of two conductors that are isolated from one another and placed near to one another. A straightforward illustration of one such backup system is a parallel-plate capacitor.

A capacitor is a passive component that holds static charge in an electric field, whereas a batteries is an electronic device that transforms chemical energy into electricity to create a stable electrical charge for power.

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