Put the following chromatography solvent in order of polarity as a chromatography solvent: acetone, npropanol, water, hexane, diethyl ether, methanol. 2) You will be doing chromatography with a mixture of n-propanol and water. Would it make sense to add 5) Two cars full of people took a day trip. Car A had a lot of little kids and stopped at lots of rest stops and gas stations to give them a break. Car B had just adults in it, and only stopped once. Of course Car B got to the destination first. Explain how this in an analogy for the chromatography you are doing in this experiment help please

The sodium ion molarity in 4.57 L of a 0.847 M Na3P Nh 3 P solution is thus 2.54 M.

A little quantity of sodium is needed by the human body to convey nerve impulses, contract or relax muscles, and keep the right ratio of water and minerals. We are thought to require 500 mg of salt everyday for these essential processes.

One way to write an equation is:

Na₃P → 3Na⁺ + P⁻³

The molar mass divided by the mass in L gives the concentration (M):

C = n / V

We may determine the number pf moles of Na3P by using the concentration provided by the issue, and by using that value, we can get the molar mass of Na+:

4.57 L * 2.35 M = 10.7395 mol Na₃P

10.7395 mol Na₃P *  = 32.2185 mol Na⁺.

Concentration of Na⁺ = mol Na⁺ / V

[Na⁺] = 32.2185 mol Na⁺ / 4.57 L = 7.05 M

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The reducing agent belongs in the left (oxidation) circle of the given Venn diagram.  Therefore, option (1) is correct.

A substance that loses its electrons to other substances in a redox reaction and gets oxidized to a higher valence state is known as a reducing agent.

A reducing agent can be described as one of the reactants of an oxidation-reduction reaction that can reduce the other reactant by donating its electrons to the reactant.

If the reducing agent does not give away its electrons to other substances in a reaction, then the reduction cannot occur. For example, in the following chemical reaction;

[tex]H_2(g) + F_2(g) \longrightarrow 2HF(g)[/tex]

Hydrogen gas acts as a reducing agent because it gives out its electrons to fluorine, which permits fluorine to be reduced.

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The grams of ni are formed from 58.5 g of ni2o3 is 41.2 g.

The mole, mol, is the unit of amount of substance inside the global gadget of units. the amount quantity of the substance is a degree of how many fundamental entities of a given substance are in an object or pattern. The mole is described as containing precisely 6.02214076×10²³ primary entities.

Calculation:-

2ni2o3(s)⟶4ni(s)

The molar mass of 2ni2o3 = 2(2×57 + 3 × 16)

                                         = 324 g

324 g of ni2o3 produces 228 g of Ni

Therefore, 58.5 g of ni2o3 will produce = 228 /  324 ×  58.5

                                                                 = 41.2 g

All chemistry is pervaded with the aid of the mole definition. on account that most quantitative chemical calculations are centered on the mole, for the have a look at chemistry, the expertise of the mole is vital. Information of how the mole applies to mass, a variety of entities.

Mole is defined as the amount of the substance containing an equally wide variety of discrete entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc) as there are atoms in a pattern of natural 12C weighing precisely 12g. The wide variety of particles present in one mole of any substance =Avogadro variety=6.

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The concentration of the Fe²⁺ solution in the experiment is 0.16772 M.

Here, we provide two solutions together with their volume and concentration.

Accordingly, the formula for calculating concentration is

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

let M₁ = Fe²⁺'s molarity

    V₁ = the volume of Fe²⁺

    M₂ = Ce⁴⁺'s molarity

    V₂ = the volume of Ce⁴⁺

now,

M₁ X 20 = 0.1403 x 23.91

M₁ = 0.1403 X 23.91 / 20

M₁ = O.16772

Hence, the concentration of Fe²⁺ is 0.16772 M.

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Answer:

Explanation:

number of neutron = mass number - atomic number

the number average molecular weight of polypropylene is 1500000 g/mol, the Degree of Polymerization = 35 648

Moleculer weight of polypropylene = 1500000g/mal To calculate Degree of Polymerization First we know the monomer of Polymer.

Step-1 Polypropylene Polymer made by

Propylene monomer

CH3-CH=CH₂ → Propylene mallar mass of propylene = 42-078 8/mal

molar mass of Propylene = 12.01 x 3 + 6x1-608

A 36.03 + 6·048 Malay mass Propylene = 42.078 8/mal.

Step- Polymerisation Begrore = (Molar Mass of) Polymer

molar mass of monomer

= 1500000/42.078

= 35648

Degree of Polymerization = 35 648

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Until all of the ice has melted, the mixture's temperature doesn't change at all; after that, it starts to rise steadily.

The average energy of every molecules and atoms in a substance is what chemists refer to as the substance's temperature. The kinetic energy of a substance's constituent particles varies.

Temperature is a unit used to represent hotness or coolness on any of a number of scales, including F and Celsius. According to temperature, heat energy will naturally move from a hotter (body with a warmer pressure) to a colder (body with a temperature lower) .

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Answer:

Explanation:

Hydrogen

∆ m ~ 1.056 The mass defect is the discrepancy between the nucleus of an atom's anticipated mass and its actual mass. This discrepancy is due to the binding energy of a system, which might manifest as excess mass.

Iodine 117 contains 64 neutrons and 53 protons altogether.

because of this, its theoretical mass

= 53*(proton mass) + 64* (mass of neutron)

= 53 * 1.007825 + 64 * 1.008665

= 117.969285 amu

The atomic mass unit is used to represent the atomic mass of an element (AMU or amu). The unified atomic mass unit (AMU), often known as the dalton (Da), represents both atomic masses and molecular masses (u).

Consequently, mass defect is defined as,

Theoretical mass divided by actual mass is m.

= 117.969285 - 116.913460

1.055825 amu for each atom

∆ m ~ 1.056

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Answer:A and C

Explanation:

They produce a low concentration of ions when dissolved in water, they are soluble in water and they exhibit low conductivity  are characteristics of weak electrolytes.

Electrolytes are substances that release ions when they are dissolved in water. Among them, salts, bases, and acids can all be categorised. These solutions transmit electricity because the positive and negative ions, referred to as cations and anions, respectively, are mobile. For instance, diluted sulfuric acid, which contains both negative sulphate ions and positive hydrogen ions (H+, a cation), serves as the electrolyte in a lead-acid automotive battery (SO42-, an anion).

Ionic compounds, such as ionic salts, that separate into cations and anions when dissolved, or covalent substances that chemically react with water to produce ions, are examples of electrolytes (such as acids and bases). Compounds referred to as nonelectrolytes do not produce ions when dissolved in water.

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Fruit flies were studied by Diane Dodd for their responses to geographic isolation and selection.

To mimic geographic isolation, she separated a single colony of fruit flies into several populations that lived in various cages. Maltose-based foods were consumed by half of the populations, while starch-based foods were consumed by the other populations. The flies were examined to determine which flies they chose to mate with after many generations (almost 40 generations).

Conclusions-

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The change in the cell voltage when the ion concentrations in the anode half-cell are increased by a factor of 10 is decreased by 0.030 V.

The electrochemical cell has both species the Fe²⁺ and Ag⁺ at 1 M concentration . the cell potential is given the standardbred cell potential E°.

at anode if the concentration increased by 10 then:

ΔE = -(R T / nF ) ln Q

now the reactions are :

at anode : Fe  --->   Fe²⁺  + 2e

at cathode : 2 ( Ag⁺ + e --->  Ag)

overall : Fe + 2Ag⁺  ---->   Fe²⁺  +  2Ag

Q =  [Fe²⁺ ] / [Ag⁺]²

now, n = 2 , the change in cell potential is given as:

ΔE = ( -RT / nF ) ln [Fe²⁺ ] / [Ag⁺]²

[Fe²⁺ ]  = 10 M

ΔE = -(8.314 × 298 ) / 2 × 96485 ln [10] / [1]

ΔE = - 0.030 V

Thus, the cell potential at anode half cell will decreased by 0.030 V.

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The formula unit for the equation when potassium sulfate and barium chloride are mixed to form potassium chloride and barium sulfate would be: [tex]K_2SO_4 (aq)+ BaCl_2 (aq) --- > 2KCl (aq) + BaSO_4 (s)[/tex]. Option 4.

The chemical equation of reactions can be derived from the chemical formula of each participating species of the reaction. Thus, when potassium sulfate and barium chloride are mixed to form potassium chloride and barium sulfate, the chemical equation can be derived as follows:

Chemical formula of potassium sulfate = [tex]K_2SO_4[/tex]

Chemical formula of barium chloride = [tex]BaCl_2[/tex]

Chemical formula of potassium chloride = [tex]KCl[/tex]

Chemical formula of barium sulfate = [tex]BaSO_4[/tex]

The reaction is a double decomposition reaction and can also be a precipitation reaction because one of the salts formed, barium sulfate is an insoluble salt.

The overall equation of the reaction, can thus, be written as [tex]K_2SO_4 (aq)+ BaCl_2 (aq) --- > 2KCl (aq) + BaSO_4 (s)[/tex]

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2.2834 atm of pressure is initially present before the volume of the gas was reduced.

Assuming the condition to be an ideal behavior, the gas sample should satisfy the Boyle's law, which states that

PV = constant when temperature is held constant.

It can be said that, the pressure the gas exerts is inversely related to the volume of the airtight container. Therefore,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

On rearranging,

P₁ = (P₂V₂)/V₁

We know that V₁ is 12.35L and V₂ is 5.64L P₂ is 5 atm. On substituting we get,

P₁ = (5x5.64)/12.35

P1₁ = 28.2/12.35

P₁ = 2.2834 atm

Therefore the initial pressure would be 2.2834 atm when the volume of the gas is reduced from 12.34L to 5.64L.

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Water loses a proton and is acting as an acid is true of water in a base ionization reaction

Water will self-ionize to a very small extent under normal conditions. The reaction in which a water molecule donates one of its protons to a neighbouring water molecule, either in pure water or in an aqueous solution, is called the self-ionization of water.

In an autoionization process, one water molecule can react with another to form an OH– ion and an H3O+ ion:

2H2O(l) ⇆ H3O+(aq) + OH–(aq)

and, In aqueous solutions, H3O+ is the strongest acid and OH− is the strongest base that can exist in equilibrium with H2O.

What is Ionization?

Ionisation is defined as the process by which an atom or molecule gains or loses a positive or negative charge as a result of chemical changes. An ion is an electrically charged atom or molecule that results. If the ion has a negative charge, it is called an anion; if it has a positive charge, it is called a cation.

The basic ionisation reaction can be represented as follows:                    

M → M+ + e–

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The strongest lattice KF

What is an lattice energy?

Lattice energy is the energy difference between the measured value of the ionic solid's energy and the expected experimental value. The energy difference between the energy of the ionic solid and the energy of the individual gaseous ions is what this is, more specifically.

What is an compound?

Compounds are chemical substances made up of two or more elements that are chemically bound together in a fixed ratio

highest lattice --> small metal ion, small halide

so there is a strong ionic figure, i.e. ionic = very metal +very nonmetal

note that Fluorine is pretty electrongative

so choose F

then, since K is the same for all

the strongest lattice if KF

Therefore, option(D) is correct

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We should wear safety goggles in a chemical laboratory as a safety and protective measure.

When we use chemicals in the chemical lab and while pouring or transferring it, wearing a safety goggles is important in order to protect our vision from chemical splashes which is an important asset for anyone working in a laboratory. The irritating vapors and fumes released while performing an experiment can damage our eyes. Also, while performing experiments which are explosive in nature, our eyes are prone to its hazards. So, in such cases wearing a safety goggles which covers the eyes from all the sides can act as a protective shield.

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In 635 mL of this solution, there are 365 mL of water and 270 mL of alcohol, respectively.

As the 40.0% (v/v) alcohol solution is provided to us. In other words, there is 40.0 mL of alcohol in 100 mL of solution.

The amount of alcohol in the 635 mL solution must now be calculated.

As 40.0 mL of alcohol are present in 100 mL of solution.

As a result, 635 mL of the solution include alcohol.

Alcohol therefore has a capacity of 270 mL.

We must now determine the water's volume.

Volume of water = Volume of solution - Volume of alcohol

Volume of water = 635 mL - 270 mL

Volume of water = 365 mL.

As a result, there are 365 mL of water and 270 mL of alcohol, respectively, in 635 mL of this solution.

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The predominant intermolecular force in H₂NNH₂ is hydrogen bonding.

Hydrogen bonding intermolecular forces are present in compounds which have at least one hydrogen atom directly bonded to either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine atom.

Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force of attraction.

In hydrazine there are 4 hydrogen atoms bonded directly to two nitrogen atoms. Hence, hydrazine has hydrogen bonding intermolecular force present.

Use of hydrazine

Hydrazine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in cooling water reactor. It is also used in the process of electrolytic plating of metals on plastic and glass. One of the main use of hydrazine is in the manufacturing of agricultural chemicals.

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The carbon and nitrogen cycles are related to one another because:

d.  All of these choices are correct.

Chemically, carbon is an element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. Carbon, which is categorized as a nonmetal, is a solid at ambient temperature.

Since it makes up around 78% of the air humans breathe, nitrogen is not poisonous. It does not have a smell, yet it is not safe. chemical that can suffocate a person to death or render them unconscious. Oxygen in the air is replaced by simple aphyxiants like nitrogen.

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The volume of HCl needed is 4.12 mL

The dilution or neutralization reaction equation is as follows: n1*M1*V1= n2*M2*V2 where,

n1, M1, and V1 are the acid's molarity and volume.

n2, M2, and V2 stand for the basal n-factor, molarity, and volume

Given:

n₁=1

M₁=0.110M

n₂ =1

M₂=0.00950M

V₂= 50.0mL

To find: V₁=?

On substituting the values:

n₁*M₁*V₁= n₂*M₂*V₂

1*0.110*V₁=1*0.00905*50

V₁=4.12mL

Hence, the volume of HCl needed is 4.12 mL

The quantity of space that matter takes up is measured in terms of volume. A physical material with mass and room to move about is said to be matter. The usual volume measurement in physical sciences like chemistry is in cubic meters (m3). Volume is equal to mass times density, hence you can calculate it by dividing mass by density. Assure that throughout the calculations, the units are maintained.

In essence, the shape's area and height are multiplied to determine the volume. Volume = Base Area x Height

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The propane gas test has a volume at 35.3 l at 315 k 922 torr, and there are 37.1 moles if propane gas in total.

Its main uses include heating homes and water, preparing and storing food, drying clothes, and powering agricultural and industrial machines. Gas is used as a raw material in the chemical industry for the manufacturing of polymers and other compounds. Liquefied natural gases (LPG), often known as propane, is a commonly utilized fuel that is produced domestically. Use of propane as a car fuel alone increases energy security, makes on-site refueling more affordable, and reduces air pollution and the environmental effects of vehicles.

Briefing:

We begin by assuming the gas is in fact an ideal gas in order to find a solution. the ideal gas's PV version;

PV = nRT

=(922/760) x 35.3/315

=1 x V2 /273

V2 = 37.1L

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Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. To solve such, we need to know the relation between rate of effusion and molar mass of gases. Therefore, the molar mass of unknown gas is 285.7g/mol.

Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature.

Mathematically the relation between rate of effusion of gases and their molar masses can be given as:

rate of effusion of unknown gas/rate of effusion of helium gas=√molar mass of helium gas/molar mass of particular gas

rate of effusion of helium= 8.25×rate of effusion of unknown gas

Substituting all the given values we get

rate of effusion of unknown gas÷ 8.25×rate of effusion of unknown gas=√4 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas

1÷  8.25=√44 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas

squaring both side

0.014=4 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas

mass of unknown gas=285.7g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of unknown gas is 285.7g/mol

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Aqueous solutions have various uses because they participate in various processes, creating a wide variety of substances that tend to dissolve in water.

Blood is a good example of important aqueous solutions, because its solubility allows life to be sustained.

Blood is an aqueous solution made up of salts and proteins (plasma), in which erythrocytes or red blood cells, white blood cells or leukocytes are found, and the functions that these components fulfill are important for life.

Other examples of aqueous solutions:

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A 0.6543-g sample of that solid will require 22.39 mL ml of 0.3483 m NaOH for neutralization.

It is given that the Mass of the sample is 0.6543 g andthe Mass percent of oxalic acid is 53.66 %. This means that 53.66 grams of oxalic acid are present in 100 grams of the sample.Then Mass of oxalic acid in the given as follows

Mass of oxalic acid =  53.66/100x(0.6543) = 0.351g

To calculate the number of moles,  the equation following equation is used:

No of moles = Given mass/Molar mass.

Here,Given the mass of oxalic acid is 0.351 g and the Molar mass of oxalic acid is 90 g/mol

Putting values in the above equation, we get the number of moles as follows:

No of Moles = 0.351/90

No moles = 0.0039mol

The chemical reaction between oxalic acid and NaOH is as follows:

C₂H₂O₄ + 2NaOH ------> Na₂C₂O₄ + 2H₂O

According to the Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of oxalic acid reacts with 2 moles of NaOH in the reaction

Then, 0.0039 moles of oxalic acid will react with 2/1 x(0.0039) = 0.0078mol of NaOH

To calculate the volume of the solution, we use the equation used to calculate the molarity of the solution by rearranging it:

Molarity = Number of moles/ Volume of solution

The volume of solution = number of moles/Molarity

We have, Moles of NaOH as 0.0078 moles and Molarity of the solution is 0.3483 M

Putting values in the above-rearranged equation, we get:

The volume of the solution = 0.0078/0.3483x(10000)

The volume of solution = 22.39ml

Hence, the volume of NaOH required is 22.39 mL

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Tricarbon octahydride is the correct name for the compound C3H8.

C3H8 is an example of a covalent compound. Covalent compounds are those that involve the sharing of electrons between two elements. Electrons are shared between hydrogen and carbon in this case. Because hydrogen and carbon are nonmetals, they will form a covalent bond. The property of the covalent bond's name is given by,

(1). We must first write the names of the more electronegative element and then the less electronegative element.

(II). When the number of atoms in an element exceeds one, we add to prefixes, which are as follows:

For a single atom = mono

For two atoms = di

For three atoms = tri

4 atoms = tatra

5 atoms = penta

6 atoms = hexa

7 atoms = septa

For example, 8 atom octa.

As a result, the compound's name will be tricarbon octahydride.

As a result, tricarbon octahydride is the correct name for the compound C3H8.

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The resulting acceleration of proton, compared to the electron's acceleration is in the opposite direction and at a similar rate.

Being a vector quantity, acceleration includes components in both the x- and y-axes. By computing the vector's magnitude and direction, we can determine the object's final acceleration.

Because the mass of the proton is greater than the mass of the electron, the acceleration of the proton will be in the opposite direction and at a similar rate. However, the proton's acceleration is smaller in comparison to the electron's acceleration.

In conclusion, when compared to the electron's acceleration, the proton's subsequent acceleration would be smaller in amplitude and in the opposite direction.

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The product that was formed in the experiment is an epoxide that was formed at the double bond outside the ring.

This can be determined by looking at the structure of the product, which contains an oxygen atom connected to two carbon atoms with a double bond outside the ring.

The reaction that occurred in the experiment is known as an epoxidation reaction, which occurs when an alkene (in this case, the double bond outside the ring) is reacted with an oxidizing agent (such as a peroxide or an organic hydroperoxide).

In the reaction, the double bond of the alkene is broken and replaced with an oxygen atom, forming an epoxide. The reaction is typically catalyzed with a metal-based catalyst, such as a transition metal, which helps to facilitate the reaction.

In the case of the epoxidation of r-carvone, the epoxide was formed at the double bond outside the ring because the reactant (the double bond) was located outside the ring. Since the double bond inside the ring is not easily accessible to the reagents, the epoxidation reaction preferentially occurred at the double bond outside the ring.

Therefore, the product that was formed in the experiment is an epoxide that was formed at the double bond outside the ring. The image attached explains the reaction.

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Standard experiments are good practice for making solutions that contain different excess reactants.

Standards and Specifications are a necessary tool to perform a chemical testing on a uniform and consistent basis. Standards and Specifications represent written directions of the criteria needed for a specific product, process, test, or procedure.

A test is any form of test that requires all test takers to answer the same questions, or a selection of questions from common bank of questions, in the same way, and that is scored in a “standard” or consistent manner, which makes the comparison of the relative performance of individual students or groups of students possible, such tests are known as standardized test.

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Bonding electron pairs tend to reject one another more than single electron pairs do. As a result, a loan pair will make the bond angle between bonding pairs smaller. Because a double bond has a higher electron density than a single bond, it has a comparable result.

When referring to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared by another atom in a covalent connection, a lone pair is also referred to as an unshared pair or a non-bonding pair. The outerm0st electron shell of an atom is where lone pairs are discovered. With the use of a Lewis structure, they can be located. As a result, when two electrons are coupled but aren't utilized in chemical bonding, they are referred to as lone pairs. The total number of valence electrons surrounding an atom is therefore equal to the sum of the number of lone pair electrons and the number of bond electrons.

In the VSEPR theory, which describes how molecules take on their various forms, the idea of a lone pair is used. Additionally, Lewis' chemistry makes reference to them.

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