Explanation:
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Alternative Title: primary plant succession
Primary succession, type of ecological succession (the evolution of a biological community’s ecological structure) in which plants and animals first colonize a barren, lifeless habitat. Species that arrive first in the newly created environment are called pioneer species, and through their interactions they build a simple initial biological community. This community becomes more complex as new species arrive. Primary succession is distinguished from secondary succession, which is the recovery of an existing biological community after a disturbance sets back the community’s ecological structure to an earlier stage.
Primary succession
Primary succession
Primary succession begins in barren areas, such as on bare rock exposed by a retreating glacier. The first inhabitants are lichens or plants—those that can survive in such an environment. Over hundreds of years these “pioneer species” convert the rock into soil that can support simple plants such as grasses. These grasses further modify the soil, which is then colonized by other types of plants. Each successive stage modifies the habitat by altering the amount of shade and the composition of the soil. The final stage of succession is a climax community, which is a very stable stage that can endure for hundreds of years.
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Primary succession
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Ecological succession
Pioneer species
Lava-sterilized landscapes, newly formed sand dunes, and rocks either deposited or scoured by retreating glaciers are examples of settings in which primary succession often occurs, because these places either lack soil or their soil cannot sustain life. On newly created volcanic islands, for example, after the rock cools, seeds blown by the wind may lodge in crevices, germinate, and take root. Often these first colonizing plants are weedy species, such as fast-growing grasses and lichens, that do not grow tall but do reproduce quickly. After these plants germinate and grow, they die and decompose, and their remains create pockets of soil in which other plants, as well as fungi, can become established. Over time, such fast-growing vegetation covers more and more of the island, and seeds from other, hardier, taller-growing plants arrive on the wind or are transported by birds that begin to use the island as a stopover during migration.
Surtsey
Surtsey
Surtsey, a volcanic island off the southern coast of Iceland, emerged from the Atlantic Ocean in a fiery eruption in November 1963. Shortly thereafter plants such as sea rocket (Cakile arctica), sand ryegrass (Leymus arenarius), oysterleaf (Mertensia maritima), and seaside sandplant (Honckenya peploides) colonized the island. Much of Surtsey's vegetation is composed of lichens and mosses. However, some higher plants such as the dwarf willow (Salix herbacea) and tea-leaved willow (S. phylicifolia) have grown on the island since the 1990s.
ARCTIC IMAGES/Alamy
These new arrivals shade out sun-loving grasses, shrubs, and other pioneer species, and their cast-off parts decay and add to the soil, altering it by mixing with soil particles left by the decay of earlier plants. More plants and animals arrive (the latter rafting over on flotsam or flying from nearby islands or the mainland), and some become established on the island. The ecosystem changes with each new arrival. Over several decades, the biological community transitions from collections of pioneer and intermediate species to a climax community—that is, a relatively balanced ecological stage whose ecological structure and species composition are far less volatile than those of earlier stages.
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In pea plants the trait for tall height is dominant over the trait for dwarf height. Which letter should be used to represent the genotype for plant height?
D
F
L
T
Answer:
The correct answer is - T.
Explanation:
Normally, the representation of the trait in the genotype of inheritance pattern is the first letter of the dominant character of the particular trait. In this case, the trait of the height of the pea plant is tall and dwarf.
Tall plants are dominant over the dwarf plant, therefore, the letter T would be used to represent the genotype for the height of pea plant, the small letter of the particular letter would be used to represent the alternate allele of the trait.
Answer:
T :) ️^m^
Explanation:
what happens when psychological processes break down?
Answer:
dont question the impossible
Explanation:
what is the powerhouse of the cell
Answer: mitochondria
Explanation: ur welcome
How do Venus flytraps protect themselves from predators?
Answer:
Insects are protected by a chitin exoskeleton. The Venus flytrap cracks this protective shell using special digestion enzymes that are produced once the sensory hairs register a stimulus. It will ebb away if the hairs are not further stimulated.
Answer:
I do believe that the Venus flytrap is a predator because it is a carnivorous plant. The plant's trap is a single large leaf with trigger hairs.
Explanation:
Color-blindness results from both the expression of a single recessive sex-linked allele (b.)
Which of the following is a genotype of a colorblind male?
XbY
XBXB
XBY
XbXb
Answer:
XbY
Explanation:
because the question asks genotype of a male, the chromosomes would be XY, so XBX and XbXb can be eliminated leaving only XBY and XbY. XBY is incorrect because the question states that colorblindness is represented by lowercase b, so the correct answer is XbY.
What happens to food and air when they enter the body?
Explain two ways to study biotic and abiotic factors within an ecosystem.
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Ecologists study both biotic and abiotic factors and how they interact. Therefore, ecologists often use methods and data from other areas of science, such as geology, geography, climatology, chemistry, and physics.
Abiotic factors refer to non-living physical and chemical elements in the ecosystem. Abiotic resources are usually obtained from the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals
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Through geology and geography, we can study biotic and abiotic factors within an ecosystem.
How can you study biotic and abiotic factors within an ecosystem?The interactions between biotic factors, such as organisms like flora and fauna, and abiotic factors.
For example, all animals (biotic factors) breathe in oxygen (abiotic factor). All plants (biotic factor) absorb carbon dioxide (abiotic factor) and need water (abiotic factor) to survive.
Thus, geology and geography, are the two ways to study biotic and abiotic factors within an ecosystem.
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In a solution, salt is considered the
solute
solvent
Answer:
Solvent
Explanation:
What keeps earths temperature suitable for life
Answer: The Earth has a suitable climate for the existence of all forms of life because of moderate amount of carbon dioxide, which is the driving factor for the survival of life forms. The temperature of planet Mercury ranges from 200°c below freezing to 375°c above. Hopes this helps. Can u pls pls pls mark me as brainliest
Explanation:
Which organelles make up animal cells? pls i have an assignment in 1 hr
Answer:
Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and vacuoles
Explanation:
HHEELLPPP!!!! this is also due in 45 mins
This is all in the legs btw it would help a lot if u could answer it
Look online and find out what each muscle group does and what at least 5 muscles do and list that information.
Flexor Group-
Peroneal Group-
Hamstring Group-
Gluteal Group-
Quadricep Group-
Extensor Group-
Sartorius Group-
Adductor Group-
Answer:
Flexor Group- group of five muscles mainly in charge of movements of forearm, hand and fingers.
Peroneal Group- these muscles play a role in the movements of the ankle joint and support of the foot.
Hamstring Group- The hamstrings are a group of muscles and their tendons at the rear of the upper leg. They include the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. The hamstrings flex the knee joint and extend the thigh to the back side of the body.
Gluteal Group- The gluteal muscles are a group of three muscles which make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. The three muscles originate from the ilium and sacrum and insert on the femur.
Quadricep Group- The Latin translation of 'quadriceps' is 'four headed,' as the group contains four separate muscles: the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and the rectus femoris. Each of the vastus muscles originates on the femur bone and attaches to the patella, or kneecap.
Extensor Group- The superficial extensors of the forearm are a group of six muscles situated in the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm. These muscles include the brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor digiti minimi.
Sartorius Group- couldnt find anything
Adductor Group- The adductors are a group of muscles, as the name suggests, that primarily function to adduct the femur at the hip joint. Although they are all located somewhere along the medial side of the thigh, they originate in different places at the front of the pelvis.
Explanation:
Brainliest pleeeeeeeeeeease
list 3 ways soils are classified
Answer:
Soils are composed of mixtures of mineral and organic materials, but are classified according to the size of their mineral particles. The three main texture groups are sandy, silty, and clay.
Sandy soil contains particles that can be seen with the naked eye and feels gritty when rubbed between the thumb and forefinger. Sandy soils will generally not stick together when wet.
Silty soil contains particles, which are smaller than sand particles but larger than clay particles. Silt feels powdery when rubbed between the thumb and forefinger. Silty soil sticks together when wet, but will not hold its shape after it is dry.
Clay soil contains the smallest particle size. Clay particles form a sticky soil when wet and will generally hold a shape after drying. Soils are rarely composed of just sand, silt, or clay. They are usually a mixture of the three with a larger percentage of one size of particles.
Answer:
Depending upon the average grain-size and the conditions under which soils are formed and deposited in their natural state, they may be categorized into following types on the basis of their structure: In the grain-size classification, soils are designated according to the grain-size or particle-size. The more common classification systems are enlisted below: Geological Classification
Classification by Structure
Classification based on Grain-size
Unified Soil Classification System
Preliminary Classification by soil types
Based on the agencies responsible for their present state, soils may be classified under following types: Residual Soils
Transported Soils:
Alluvial or sedimentary soils
Aeolian soils
Glacial soils
Lacustrine soils
Marine soils.
Then you have inorganic and organic soils.
Explanation:
NEED BIO HELP ASAP 30 POINTS !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1. Cell starts into mitosis phase of the cell cycle.
2. Helicase begins to break the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen bases. (The double helix has to be unwound in order to expose the nucleotides)
3. DNA polymerase attach the free-floating nucleotides to the exposed nitrogen bases. (this allows a new DNA strand to be made on the existing one)
4. Free floating nucleotides pair up with exposed nitrogen bases (this is what really builds the new strand, based around the template strand)
5. Two new molecules of DNA are created
Statements:
Adenine
Cytosine (Car in the Garage, Apple in a Tree is a good trick to know how they pair)
DNA
Replication
Double helix
Please HELP!!WILL GIVE BRAAIN!!!
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Pluripotent stem cells are master cells. They're able to make cells from all three basic body layers, so they can potentially produce any cell or tissue the body needs to repair itself.
Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to undergo self-renewal and to give rise to all cells of the tissues of the body (but not the placenta).
What is an example of codominance?
A flower with pink petals that results from the cross
a of a plant with red petals with a plant with white
petals
b Blood type o
c Skin color
A flower with red and white petals that results from
d the cross of a plant with red petals with a plant with
white petals
Answer:
Explanation:
dnanananans
Answer:
It’s D
Explanation:
I jus did it.
Pteridophytes meaning
Answer:
(Pteridophyta) of vascular plants (such as a fern) that have roots, stems, and leaves but lack flowers or seeds
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Have a great day, be safe and healthy
Thank u
XD
Answer: A member of the Pteridophyt
Explanation:
a division of plants including ferns and their allies.
The more classification levels that two organisms share,
A) Group of answer choices
B) The easier it is to tell them apart
C) The more directly related they are
D) They closer together on Earth they live
The more twins they are
Answer:A or the more twins they are
Explanation:
The Rolling Plains ecoregion lies west of the Crosstimbers area of Texas and at elevations between 900-4000 ft. The Rolling Plains is a part of the central United States Great Plains system. Like the Crosstimbers ecoregion, it has rolling hills. These topographical features are due to the several rivers that flow through this ecoregion.
The rivers in the area weather and erode the land, forming __________ in this area.
Answer: plateaus
Explanation: there not canyons so you can cross that off and its not the dunes nor the deltas so if you look at the picture you can tell it is the plateaus
Rivers in the area weather and erode the land, forming a mouth in this area.
MouthIt is the place where a stream of water, such as a river, empties. Thus, a river can have as its mouth another river, a large lake, a pond, a sea or the ocean.
With this information, we can conclude that the rivers in the area weather and corrode the land, forming a mouth in this area.
Learn more about Mouth in brainly.com/question/7998630
When a thin plant or animal leaves an impression in sediment that becomes sedimentary rock, this is a _____________________ fossil.
Answer:
Petrified fossils
Explanation:
While taking a nature walk with their class, students observe many mushrooms growing among the fallen leaves on the forest floor.
– What is the role of mushrooms in the forest ecosystem?
– What other type of organism performs a similar role in the forest ecosystem?
This is for a writing thing can u guys write about it I really need help thank u
Answer:
The mushrooms act as decomposers, there are many other species that also does this such as worms
Which two organelles are involved in the move-
ment of a cell in its environment?
a. microubules and centrioles
b. fiagella and contractile vacuoles
c. centrioles and the cell wall
d. cytoskeleton and lysosomes
Answer:
Flagella and contractile vacuoles
which is the thinest thing in the world
graphene because you can't even see it with the naked eye
Help!!!!!! This is a review NOT a test!!!! Marking brainliest!!!!
answer:
i believe you are correct
good luck :)
hopefully, this helps
have a great day !!
A pea plant with purple flowers is crossed with a pea plant that has white flowers. All the offspring are purple, so we can conclude that
Answer:
That the purple trait is dominant and the purple pea plant has a gene type of PP and the white flower has a gene type of pp
If the AG of a reaction was -31.45 kJoules, you would know that:
A. the products have more free energy than the reactants.
B. the reaction requires an energy input of 31.45 kJoules to proceed.
C. the reaction most likely leads to development of a more ordered system
D. the reaction is spontaneous
Answer:
The correct answer is - option D. the reaction is spontaneous. (considering it as delta G or ΔG)
Explanation:
If a chemical reaction has a negative ∆G it means the reactants have more free energy than the products due to the fact that they give off some of their free energy during the reaction.
Such reactions release free energy and therefore called exergonic reactions. These reactions are also known as spontaneous reactions as they do not require energy to take place.
Thus, the correct answer is - option D.
HELP ME!!
what is the Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration???
(I am bad at biology!!)
Answer:
Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O.
Explanation:
Some of the sugars produced by photosynthesis are stored as starch in the roots. Explain, as fully as you can, why it is an advantage to the plant to store carbohydrates as starch rather than as sugar.
Answer:
It's insoluble
Explanation:
Starch is better than glucose for storage because it's insoluble.
Insoluble meaning it can't be dissolved.
A molecule that can mix with water and a store for energy in the body
Answer:
Glucose
Explanation:
Glucose is a source of energy and it is stored in the body (in the form of glycogen) and it can also dissolve in water
Answer:
liver is the answer plllllllll
25 POINTS PLEASE HELP. Check the correct column(s) for each description *
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Contains cytoplasm
Do NOT have membrane-
bound organelles
Cells do NOT have a nucleus
Can be unicellular or
multicellular
Have ribosomes
Have cell membranes
Have genetic material
(DNA/RNA)
Plants and animals
Answer:
1. Both
2. Prokaryotes
3. Prokaryotes
4. Eukaryotes
5. Both
6. Both
7. Both
8. Eukaryotes
A strand of RNA has the sequence AUUGCGCGAA. What explanation can be made about how this strand came to be?
A. The RNA strand formed from the rearrangement of the bases in a DNA strand.
B. The RNA strand broke off from a DNA strand that had a much longer genetic code.
C. The RNA strand was transcribed from a DNA strand with the sequence TAACGCCTT.
D. The RNA strand was translated from a DNA strand that had the sequence UAACGCCUU.
A strand of RNA with the sequence "AUUGCGCGAA" has been transcribed from a DNA strand with the sequence "TAACGCCTT". Thus, the correct option is C.
What is Transcription?Transcription is the process of formation of mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus of cell. The machinery involving all the enzymes and nucleotides are present in the nucleus for the development of mRNA. mRNA is the messenger RNA which is transcribed from DNA.
The sequence of mRNA formed from the DNA in a cell is complementary to the leading strand of the DNA in which only the thymine residues are replaced by the uracil residues. Adenine base pairs with uracil and thymine residues base pairs with adenine residues. Cytosine residues base pairs with guanine residues and vice versa.
Thus, the sequence of DNA from which mRNA has been synthesized is "TAACGCCTT".
Therefore, the correct option is C.
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