PLEASE HELP WITH THE 6 FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTIONS (the topic is circuit symbols and equations):

1. How much charge flows through a speaker if it is on for 20 minutes and has a current of 10A?

2. 500 coulombs of charge flow through a bulb for 25 seconds. Calculate the current trough the bulb.

3. 12A of current and 984C of charge flow through a kettle. How long was the kettle switched on for?

4. A laptop is switched on for 5 hours. It has a current flowing through it of 12A. What is the total amount of charge that flowed through the laptop?

5. An ipad is left in standby mode for 3 hours. During this time, 2.16C of charge flowed through the ipad. How much current flowed through the ipad?

6. A small LED light as 200mA of current flowing through it and a charge flow of 150C. How many minutes and seconds was the light switched on for?

genuine answers please, don't waste answer slots if you don't actually have an answer, it's rather irritating x

Answers

Answer 1

1) I=Q/T then Q= I ×T 10* ( 20*60) = 10 (120) therefore the answer is 1200C

2) I= Q/T that is 500/ 25 and the answer is 20A


Related Questions

what is meant by the resultant force acting on an object?

Answers

Answer:

The resultant force is the single force that would produce the same effect on an object as two or more forces that are applied to the object. To find the resultant force, first draw a free body diagram, which is a diagram that shows all the applied forces using arrows in the direction of each force.

The initial speed of a dropped ball is 0 m/s after 2 seconds the ball travels at a speed of 20 m/s what is the acceleration of the ball ?

Answers

Answer:

Please find attached file

Explanation:

The rate of change of velocity with respect to time is known as acceleration. The acceleration of the ball will be 10m/s.

What is acceleration?

The rate of change of velocity with respect to time is known as acceleration. According to Newton's second law, the eventual effect of all forces applied to a body is its acceleration.

The pace at which a body's velocity varies is represented by acceleration, which is a vector quantity.

The given data in the problem is given by ;

u is the initial speed of ball = 0 m/sec

v is the final speed of the ball= 10 m/sec

t is the time interval= 2 second

a is the acceleration of ball=? m/sec²

The formula for acceleration is;

[tex]\rm a=\frac{(v-u)}{t} \\\\ \rm a=\frac{(20-0)}{2} \\\\\rm a=10\ m/sec^2[/tex]

Hence the acceleration of the ball will be 10m/s².

To learn more about the acceleration refer to the link;

https://brainly.com/question/2437624

Explain the difference between objects that are sources of light and objects that reflect light

Answers

Answer:

sun is the main source while the other object reflect light on the sun

Explanation:

nasa libro yans


Under constant acceleration, the average velocity of a particle is half the sum of its initial and final
velocities. Is this still true if the acceleration is not constant? Explain.

Answers

Answer:

It is not still true that the average velocity of the particle is equal to half the sum of the initial and final velocities when the acceleration of the particle is not constant

Explanation:

The motion of a particle under constant acceleration, 'a', is be given by the following kinematic equations;

v² = u² + 2·a·s

v = u + a·t

Where;

v = The final velocity of the particle

u = The initial velocity of the particle

a = The acceleration of the particle

s = The distance through which the particle travels

t = The time of motion of the particle

By simplifying the above equation, we have;

v² - u² = 2·a·s

(v² - u²)/(2·a) = s

(v - u) × (v + u)/(2 × a) = s

((v - u)/a) × ((v + u)/2) = s

From v = u + a·t, we have;

t = (v - u)/a

∴ ((v - u)/a) × ((v + u)/2) = t × ((v + u)/2) = s

∴ ((v + u)/2) = s/t

The average velocity = (Total distance traveled by the particle) ÷ (The time of travel of the particle)

∴ The average velocity = s/t = ((v + u)/2) = Half the sum of the initial and final velocity

However, it is not still true that the average velocity of the particle is equal to half the sum of the initial and final velocities when the acceleration of the particle, 'a', is not constant, as the velocity time graph is no longer a straight line graph and the distance traveled by the particle, 's', which is the area under the velocity time graph, 'A', (given by the sum of area of the triangle and the rectangle given by the area under straight line graph for constant velocity) cannot be given directly by the product of the time and the average velocity.

What is the distance from one peak to the next peak called?​

Answers

Answer:

wavelength

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves is a propagating medium used in all communications device to transmit data (messages) from the device of the sender to the device of the receiver.

Generally, the most commonly used electromagnetic wave technology in telecommunications is radio waves.

Radio waves can be defined as an electromagnetic wave that has its frequency ranging from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and its wavelength between 1mm and 3000m. Therefore, radio waves are a series of repetitive valleys and peaks that are typically characterized of having the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Basically, as a result of radio waves having long wavelengths, they are mainly used in long-distance communications such as the carriage and transmission of data.

The distance from one peak to the next peak is called wavelength. This distance is also equal to the distance from one trough of a wave to another.

Mathematically, wavelength is calculated using this formula;

[tex] Wavelength = \frac {speed}{frequency} [/tex]

Can someone help me name the layers.

Answers

Answer:

A. Crust

B. Mantle

C. Outer Core

D. Inner Core

Explanation:

Answer:

A. Crust

B. mantle

C. outer core

D. inner core

Explanation:

because it is

A body is at equilibrium under the action of three forces. One force is 10N acting due east and one is 5N in the direction 60° north east. What is the magnitude and direction of the third force?​

Answers

Answer:

If the body is in equilibrium the two forces add up and the third is the opposite of the resultant.

F(1x)=F(1)=10 N

F(2x)=F(2)cos60=5•0.5=2.5 N

F(2y) =F(2)sin60 = 5•0.866= 4.33 N

F(3x) =- F(x)=- (10+2.5 )= -12.5 N

F(3y) =- F(2y)= - 4.33 N

F(3) = sqrt{ F(3x)²+F(3y)²} =13.23 N

tan φ = F(3y)/F(3x) =4.33/12.5=0.364

φ = 19.1⁰ (south-west)

Explanation:

Someone help me please I need to pass this quiz , this is the only quiz that It making me fail this class !!!

Select the correct items. Click the bottom right arrow to go to the next set . Click the checkmark ( Available on the last set ) to submit all your answers

Slow twitch muscle Fibers

Can contract repeatedly
Only anaerobic sources
Both aerobic & anaerobic
Produce most force
Endurance activities
Fast contraction speed
Fatigue quickly
Only aerobic sources
Speed, strength, power


Fast twitch Type lla muscle Fibers

Only aerobic sources
Fast contraction speed
Speed, strength, power
Only anaerobic sources
Fatigue quickly
Endurance activities
Produce most force
Can contract repeatedly
Both aerobic & anaerobic


Fast twitch type llx muscle Fibers

Can contract repeatedly
Only anaerobic sources
Only aerobic sources
Both aerobic & anaerobic
Fast contraction speed
Produce most force
Fatigue quickly
Endurance activities
Speed, strength, power

Answers

Answer:

1. Endurance activities

Only aerobic source

2. Can contract repeatedly

Speed strength and power.

Both aerobic and anaerobic sources

3. Fast contraction speed

Only anaerobic sources

Produce most force

Fatigue quickly

Speed, strength and power

Explanation:

I hope this helps. Although, I'm about 80% sure of the answer.

Kerry drops her iPhone accidently as she is standing on an overview. How fast is the iPhone moving after 3s?

Answers

Answer:

really fast? xP

Explanation:

A bottle of water with mass 0.9 kg is left out in the sun, the radiation from the sun warms up the water bottle. If the water bottle was initially 10°C and the sun provided 120,000 J of thermal energy, calculate the final temperature of the water. Use C = 4182 j/kgK for the specific heat of water.

Answers

Answer:

Final temperature, T2 = 314.9 Kelvin

Explanation:

Given the following data:

Mass = 0.9kg

Initial temperature, T1 = 10°C to Kelvin = 10 + 273 = 283K

Quantity of heat = 120,000 J

Specific heat capacity = 4182 j/kgK

To find the final temperature;

Heat capacity is given by the formula;

[tex] Q = mcdt[/tex]

Where;

Q represents the heat capacity or quantity of heat.

m represents the mass of an object.

c represents the specific heat capacity of water.

dt represents the change in temperature.

Making dt the subject of formula, we have;

[tex] dt = \frac {Q}{mc} [/tex]

Substituting into the equation, we have;

[tex] dt = \frac {120000}{0.9*4182} [/tex]

[tex] dt = \frac {120000}{3763.8} [/tex]

dt = 31.9K

Now, the final temperature T2 is;

But, dt = T2 - T1

T2 = dt + T1

T2 = 31.9 + 283

T2 = 314.9 Kelvin

Green light travels by what type of wave? (2 points) a Conductive b Electronic c Conducive d Electromagnetic 2

Answers

Answer:

Electromagnetic

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves are those waves that do not require any material medium for propagation. They arise from a vibration of electric and magnetic fields.

The electromagnetic spectrum is comprised of many waves. One of the waves in the spectrum is visible light.

Visible light is in turn composed of seven different wavelengths of which green light is one of them. Hence, green light travels by electromagetic wave.

Device that transforms thermal energy to mechanical energy

Answers

Answer:

the device that transfer thermal energy into to mechanical energy is heat engine.

hope it helps.

Explanation:

heat engine transforms thermal energy to mechanical energy

hope it is helpful to you

Which of these is NOT used to create a simple electromagnet?
Battery
Light bulb
Copper wire

Answers

battery

Explanation:

Electromagnets can be created by wrapping a wire around an iron nail and running current through the wire. The electric field in the wire coil creates a magnetic field around the nail. In some cases, the nail will remain magnetised even when removed from within the wire coil

Answer:

Light Bulb

Explanation:

I did the quiz and i got it right

A gas is put into a closed container. The container and the gas inside it are heated. What will happen to the pressure inside the container?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Plug

an electric heater draws a current of 5 ampere from 220 volt supply.Calculate
(a) its resistance
(b) electrical energy consumed in kwh if it is used for 4 hours​

Answers

[tex] \bf \underline{Given :-}[/tex]

[tex] \sf{• \: An  \: electric \:  heater \:  draws  \: a  \: current  \: of  \: 5  \: ampere \:  from \:  220  \: volt \:  supply.}[/tex]

[tex] \\ [/tex]

[tex]\bf{ \underline{To \:  Find:- }}[/tex]

[tex] \sf• \: ( a)  \: lts  \: resistance.[/tex]

[tex] \sf• \: (b) \:  electrical  \: energy  \: consumed  \: in \:  kwh \:  if  \: it  \: is  \: used  \: for \:  4  \: hours.[/tex]

[tex] \\ [/tex]

[tex]\huge\bf{ \underline{ Solution :-}}[/tex]

[tex] { \boxed{\bf{(a)}}}[/tex]

[tex] \sf•  \: Current  \: (I) = 5 \: A[/tex]

[tex] \sf• \: Voltage \: (V) = 220 \: v[/tex]

[tex] \bf \red{\bigstar{\: Formula \:  of \:  Resistance \: (R) =  \frac{V}{I} }}[/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow  R = \frac{220}{5} [/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow R =44[/tex]

[tex] \bf{Hence,  \: it's  \: resistance \:  is  \:  \: 44 \:  Ω \: .}[/tex]

[tex] \\  \\ [/tex]

[tex] { \boxed{\bf{(b)}}}[/tex]

[tex] \sf•  \: Current  \: (I) = 5 \: A[/tex]

[tex] \sf• \: Voltage \: (V) = 220 \: v[/tex]

[tex] \bf \red{\bigstar{\: Formula  \: of \:  Electric  \: Power \:  (P) = IV  }}[/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow P = (5  \times 220) [/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow P = 1100 \:[/tex]

[tex] \\ [/tex]

[tex] \sf \therefore \: P = 1100 \: watt[/tex]

[tex] \sf{• \: Time  \: (t) = 4  \: hours }[/tex]

[tex] \bf \red{\bigstar{ \: Formula  \: of  \: Energy  \: (W) = Pt}}[/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow W= 1100  \times  4[/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow W = 4400[/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow W  =  \frac{4400}{1000} [/tex]

[tex] \sf \rightarrow W  =  4.4[/tex]

[tex] \sf \therefore W  =  4.4 \: kwh[/tex]

[tex] \bf{Hence,  \: Electrical  \: Energy \:  is \:  4.4  \: kwh.}[/tex]

Answer is 4.4 kwh.

hope it helps you.

Which wave property is related to how loud or soft a sound is?​

Answers

Answer:Aplitude

Explanation:

a p e x

Electromagnetic waves are
O
A. forms of matter.
O
B. forms of space.
O
C. longitudinal waves.
O
D. transverse waves.

Answers

the answer is d transverse waves
The answerrrrrrrrrr is D

Alyssa is taking a walk on a nature path near her neighborhood. She
carries a compass with her. As she walks along the path, she notices
the needle on the compass is occasionally deflected from its original
position. If she has not changed the direction she is walking, what is
most likely causing the occasional shift in the needle? (1 point)
O Changes in pressure
0 Changes in temperature
O Sources of electrical current
O Changes to Earth's magnetic field

Answers

Answer:

C. Sources of electrical current!

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

Sources of electrical current

Explanation:

Got it right on the test.

a plane travels 400km in 3 hours. what is its speed?

Answers

S=D/T
S-speed
D-distance
T-time
Distance is 400km
Time is 3hours
So you do 400/3
Which gets you to 133 (I rounded it)
I hope this is right

Which refers to the chemical name of CO? carbon monoxide carbon oxide monocarbon monoxide monoxide carbon

Answers

Answer:

Carbon monoxide

Explanation:

Carbon refers to the "C" which stands for carbon. Monoxide refers to the single molecule of oxygen present in the substance.

Answer:

Carbon monoxide is the answer here

Explanation:

why is the time every 15° eastward one hour ahead?..​

Answers

Explanation:

The reason time zones are 15 degrees wide is because there are 24 hours and 360/24 = 15. As you move east by 15 degrees the sun’s position in the sky changes relative to us and it looks an hour later in the day, so we advance our clocks to match the sun’s position.

So every 15° eastward one hour ahead.

Giving 12 points for this question.

Answers

Fusion is the energy source of stars. The energy that is being released from the gas collapse into a protostar causes the center of the protostar to become extremely hot. Once the core is hot enough, nuclear fusion commences. The fusion reaction is a very structured process, releasing a huge amount of energy.

PLEASE HELP URGENT 10 points

Answers

Answer:

Both have the same amount. C.

Explanation:

How many different atoms are there in a compound? ​

Answers

Answer:

2 or more atoms

Explanation:

yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes

Answer:

Two or more

Explanation:

It's mostly two but unique structures might compose of more than 2

Two charges lie on the x-axis, one at the origin and the other at 14.3m What is the potential (relative to infinity) due to these charges at a point at 7.1m measured from the origin on the x-axis?

Answers

Answer:

 V = 2.52 10³ V

Explanation:

The electric potential for a point charge is

       V = k ∑ [tex]\frac{q_i}{r_i}[/tex]

In this case the formula is

       V = k ([tex]\frac{q_1}{r_1} + \frac{q_2}{r_2}[/tex])

distances are the absolute value

       r₁ =√ (7.1 -0)² = 7.1 m

       r₁ =√ (7.1 - 14.3)² = 7.2 m

we substitute

       V = 9 10⁹ (q₁ / 7.1 + q₂ / 7.2)

we have two possibilities

* different charges

         V = 9 10⁹ (q₁ / 7.1 + q₂ / 7.2)

* equal charges and same sign

          q₁ = q₂ = q

         V = 9 10⁹ q (1 / 7.1 + 1 / 7.2) = p 9 10⁹   0.2797

         V = 2.52 10⁹ q

if we assume a value of the charge, for example q = 1 10⁻⁶ c

           V = 2.52 10⁹ 1 10⁻⁶

            V = 2.52 10³ V

In everyday situations, it does seem that a force is needed to keep an object, for example the shopping trolley, moving at a constant speed in a straight line.
Explain why.

Answers

[tex]\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{pink}{An}}{\red{sw}}{\orange{er}} {\color{yellow}{:}}}}}[/tex]

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. ... In the absence of any forces, no force is required to keep an object moving.

Thankshope it helps

In everyday situations, it does seem that a force is needed to keep an object moving at a constant speed in a straight line because the resistive frictional force acted on every objects against their motion.

What is friction?

The resistance provided by surfaces in touch as they move past one another is known as friction.

According to Newton's first law of motion, Unless forced to change its condition by an outside force, every object will continue to be at rest or moving uniformly in a straight line.

But in  everyday situations, it does seem that a force is needed to keep an object, for example the shopping trolley, moving at a constant speed in a straight line because of the frictional resistive force acting opposite to the motion. That's why, a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction must be applied on the object, so that, resultant force becomes zero. It can at a constant speed in a straight line.

Learn more about friction here:

https://brainly.com/question/13000653

#SPJ2

Two cars start moving from the same point on a rectilinear path at the same time, heading to the same destination 90 km away. The first travels at an average speed of 50 km/h and the second at 60 km/h. Deter- mine the time interval separating the arrival of the two cars to their destination.

Answers

Answer:

0.3 hour

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Distance travelled = 90 km

Speed of 1st car = 50 km/h

Speed of 2nd car = 60 km/h

Time interval separating the two cars =?

Next, we shall determine the time taken for each car to get to the destination. This can be obtained as follow:

For the 1st car:

Distance travelled (d) = 90 km

Speed of 1st car (S₁) = 50 km/h

Time (t₁) =?

Speed = Distance /time

S₁ = d/t₁

50 = 90 / t₁

Cross multiply

50 × t₁ = 90

Divide both side by 50

t₁ = 90 / 50

t₁ = 1.8 hours

For the 2nd car:

Distance travelled (d) = 90 km

Speed of 2nd car (S₂) = 60 km/h

Time (t₂) =?

Speed = Distance /time

S₂ = d/t₂

60 = 90 / t₂

Cross multiply

60 × t₂ = 90

Divide both side by 60

t₂ = 90 / 60

t₂ = 1.5 hours

Finally, we shall determine the time interval separating the arrival of the two cars. This can be obtained as follow:

Time for the 1st car (t₁) = 1.8 hours

Time for the 2nd (t₂) = 1.5 hours

Time interval separating the two cars (tₛ) =?

tₛ = t₁ – t₂

tₛ = 1.8 – 1.5

tₛ = 0.3 h

Thus, the interval separating the arrival of the two cars is 0.3 hour

how can changing the kinetic energy of an object cause energy to be transferred to or from the object

Answers

Kinetic Energy. Energy is transferred from one object to another when a reaction takes place. Energy comes in many forms and can be transferred from one object to another as heat, light, or motion, to name a few. For the blue ball to move to the position of the green ball, energy must be given to the blue ball.

Which two organisms in the Domain Eukarya can make their own food?​

Answers

Answer:

Plantae. Also called the Kingdom Metaphyta, the Kingdom Plantae consists of all multicellular, eukaryotic, and photosynthetic organisms on the planet. Being photosynthetic, these organisms are autotrophs and can make their food using the energy from the sun.

which organs could be injured if you broke your ribs select all that apply

A.lungs
B.heart
C.brain
D.spinal column​

Answers

Answer:

If you break a rib in the middle of your rib cage, the sharp end of bone could puncture a lung. If you break a rib toward the bottom of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could cause damage to your liver, kidney, or spleen.

Explanation:

Hope this helped..

Other Questions
Which of the following can create barriers for optimal pain management in PJ? Any one know the answer for these two its OK if you can only do one -4x = 7y + 13Find the slope of the line Please assist me with this problem Please help as soon as you can! You might think that after 200 years, the scientists who find, name, and describeEarth's species would be close to finished. But taxonomists, as organized as they maybe, have no idea how many species Earth has. Nor can they even provide aneducated guess. Although reporting over 16,000 new species every year,taxonomists still cannot predict how many more are undiscovered.In total, taxonomists have categorized and listed 1.2 million species on Earth. At thispoint, you would think scientists should be able to use the information they havegathered to make good predictions about how many species an ecosystem cansupport. This would help them make better predictions about how many species areleft to identify. So far, however, the guesses seem to vary so greatly that it seemsthere is no good theory for making a prediction.One of the main problems is that most of the places that seem to have a lot ofdiverse species are in places that are hard to get to. One such place is the ocean,where scientists believe some 80 percent of Earth's creatures are hiding at depthstoo deep for us to study. In addition, many of the planet's most diverse areas are inremote places with few taxonomists.Despite all the unknowns, scientists have agreed that there are between five and 15million species left to discover on Earth. This is a huge range, but whether it's five or15, taxonomists clearly still have a lot of work to do. And who knows, there may yetbe a dragon or a Loch Ness monster left to discover.Which word from the second paragraph explains what taxonomists do? (1 point)1) Categorized2) Ecosystem3) Support4) Prediction find the area of quadrilateral which all side is 4 cm and diagonal one is 7 and diagonal two is 6 To meet a high demand of energy, a new hydroelectric dam is being proposed in an area. Which of the following describes a possible risk?C. The Dam would produce renewable energyA. the dam produces no radioactive wasteB. the dam produces no toxic hydrocarbonsD. the dam could harm or destroy aquatic wildlife. plz answer only if u know ur correct A couple took out a $5,000 loan from the bank. The loan had a simple interest rate of 7.5% per year. By the end of the loan, the couple had paid $2,250interest.What was the length of the couple's loan? 9. For an amendment to be ratified, it must be approved by what fraction of the states? C. three-fourths A. one-half B. one-third D. nine-tenths Two trains, Train A and Train B, weigh a total of 389 tons. Train A is heavier than Train B. The difference of their weights is 263 tons. What is the weight of each train? Equation 1: ____________ Equation 2: ___________ Train A weight: ________ Train B weight: ________ does the sabre-tooth currirulum still exist at present?give examples of your evidence La chemise de ma soeur est vert what is the error in this sentence) A) Use the information provided to write complete sentences with the right form of the verbs "ser" or "tener" and the appropriate adjective(singular/plural/ masculine or femenine). 1. mis / hermanos / ser / simpatico 2. mi/ padre / ser / trabajadora 3. yo / tener/ una / mascota / en casa/ 4. Ramon / tener / un gato como mascota. 5. Qu mascota(s)/ tener en casa? tontion to their names and Inthis excerpt from Anita Desai's short story "Games at Twilight," which three sentences suggest that the children had completely forgottenabout Ravi?With a whimper he burst through the crack, fell on hisknees, got up, and stumbled on stiff, benumbed legs across the shadowy yard, cryingheartily by the time he reached the veranda so that when he flung himself at the white pillar and bawled, "Den! Den! Den!" his voice broke withrage and pity at the disgrace of it all, and he felt himself flooded with tears and misery.Out on the lawn, the children stopped chanting. They all turned to stare at him in amazement. Their faces were pale and triangular in the dusk.The trees and bushes around them stood inky and sepulchral, spilling long shadows across them. They stared, wondering at his reappearance,his passion, his wild animal howling. Their mother rose from her basket chair and came toward him, worried, annoyed, saying, "Stop it, stop it,Ravi. Don't be baby. Have you hurt yourself?* Seeing him attended to, the children went back to clasping their hands and chanting, "The grass tciS green, the rose is red.ButRavi would not let them. He tore himself out of his mother's grasp and pounded across the lawn into their midst, charging at them with hishead lowered so that they scattered in surprise. "1 won, I won, I won," he bawled, shaking his head so that the big tears flew. "Raghu didn't findme. I won, I won-It took them a minute to grasp what he was saying, even who he was. They had quite forgotten him. Raghu had found all the others long ago.There had been a fight about who was to be It next. It had been so fierce that their mother had emerged from her bath and made them changeto another game. Then they had played another and another. Broken mulberries from the tree and eaten them. Helped the driver wash the carwhen their father returned from work. Helped the gardener water the beds till he roared at them and swore he would complain to their parents.The parents had come out, taken up their positions on the cane chairs. They had begun to play again, sing and chant. All this time no one hadremembered Ravi. Having disappeared from the scene, he had disappeared from their minds. Clean. I need an example of dehydration synthesis Sam had a bank account balance of $-\$32$ . He deposited $\$28$ into his account.Which statement is true about his balance after making the deposit? Here is an expression: 32 Evaluate the expression when is 1. Evaluate the expression when is 4. Can someone help me name the layers.