Partial bonding, for example, as part of a resonance hybrid, often results in structures with _____.

The effects on carbonyl bond strength of adding one, and then two. oxygens: Both carboxylic acids and esters contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond.

The Nucleophile (Nu) attacks the positively charged carbon and pushes one of the double-bond electrons onto oxygen to give it a negative charge.

In organic chemistry, a carbonyl bond is a functional institution composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. it's far commonplace to several instructions of natural compounds, as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl institution is often called a carbonyl compound.

A carbonyl organization consists of a double bond linking a carbonyl carbon atom and a carbonyl oxygen atom. The carbonyl oxygen atom shares its six valence electrons with the carbonyl carbon atom. Its last 4 valence electrons remain as two sets of electron lone pairs.

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The kinetics of first order governs nuclear decay. A rate constant for a nuclide, which decays from 12.9 g to 2.04 g in 23.0 minutes, is 0.08.

identifying the root of the problem. The essential elements of a family, commonly their parents and kids, are referred to as the "nuclear family" in this phrase. Nuclear has a long history of metaphorical usage prior to its main association to "nuclear energy," with its meanings including "core" and even more merely "something basic."

As far as we are aware, the first order reaction rate is provided by:

               kt=2.303*log(R'/R)

We are aware that the following equation determines the rate of a first order reaction:

where k = rate of reaction

          t = time = 23 minutes

         R = end mass = 2.04 grams,

         where R' = beginning mass = 12.9 grams.

We obtain k = 0.08 by plugging these values into the equation above.

i.e., the nuclide's rate constant is 0.08.

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The correct statement here is There is greater orbital overlap between H and X than between H and Y  

The atoms combine by colliding with each other. But what does this mean on the atomic level. This situation refers to the process in which the two atoms comes so close to each other that they penetrate each other’s orbital and form a new hybridized orbital where the bonding pair of electrons reside.  This hybridized orbital has lower energy than the atomic orbital and hence are stable. It is in the minimum energy state. This partial penetration of the orbital is known as orbital overlap.    

The extent of overlap generally depends on the two participating atoms, their size and the valence electrons. In general, the greater the overlap, the stronger the bond formed between the two atoms. Thus, according to the orbital overlap concept, atoms combine by overlapping their orbital and thus forming a lower energy state where their valence electrons with opposite spin, pair up to form covalent bonds.    

In the above given case there is greater orbital overlap between H and X than between H and Y. This is because, more the bond length, more the distance between two nuclei and hence lesser the overlap.      

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The chemist prepares a solution of calcium sulfate by measuring out 0.53 umol of calcium sulfate into a 350 ml volumetric flask and filling the flask to the mark with water. The concentration of a solution is 1.5 uM.

The concentration or molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles present in the specific volume of a solution. It is calculated as

Concentration=moles/volume(in L)

The volume of a solution is in mL. Convert the given volume in L

350 ml×(1 L/1000 mL)=0.35 L

Plug the value of moles and volume in the formula

Concentration=0.53 umol/0.35 L

Concentration=1.51429 umol/L

Concentration=1.5 uM (∵M=mol/L)

Therefore, the concentration of a solution is 1.5 uM.

I have answered the question in general as given question is incomplete. The complete question is

a chemist prepares a solution of calcium sulfate by measuring out 0.53 umol of calcium sulfate into a 350 ml volumetric flask and filling the flask to the mark with water. calculate the concentration in uM of the chemist's calcium sulfate solution. round your answer to two significant digits.

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The final volume of the solution is 0.21 L.

Given mass divided by molecular mass is used to represent moles.

Hence ,

n = w / m

moles = n

given mass = w

the molecular mass, or m.

Considering the query,

w = 15.89 g

AgNO3's mass value is 169.87 g/mol.

Consequently, the moles can be determined as -

n = w / m

n = 15.89 g / 169.87 g/mol

n = 0.094 mol

Molarity :

The number of moles in a liter of solution is the molarity of a substance.

M = n / V

M = molarity

V i= the solution's volume in liters.

Considering the query,

M = 0.250 M

n = 0.066 mol ( estimated above )

Using the above equation, one may determine the final volume of the solution.

M = n / V

0.250 M = 0.094 mol / V

V = 0.21 L

So, a student wants to make a 0.250 m aqueous solution of silver nitrate, agno3, and has a bottle containing 15.89 g of silver nitrate. The final volume of the solution should be 0.21 L.

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The molarity of the NaOH is 0.25M.

What is molarity?

The molar concentration or the molarity of the solution is inversely proportional to the dilution. An increased dilution will decrease the molarity of the solution.

What is concentration?

How much solute has been dissolved in the solvent is indicated by the concentration of the solution.

Therefore,  molarity of the NaOH is 0.25M.

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Elements in 3rd row of periodic table and beyond often exhibit expanded octets.

From one side of the periodic table to the next, properties of elements within a period change in a predictable way. Each period is represented by a horizontal row in the periodic table. The number of electron shells is the same for each atom in a line. As an element progresses through a period, it loses metallicity as a result of gaining electrons and protons. For elements in the same period, the number of electron shells is the same.

This arrangement takes into account the fact that as atomic number rises, similar features occur more frequently. From one side of the periodic table to the other, an element's properties shift in a predictable manner. Those who satisfy certain requirements are shown in a column.

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Intramolecular interactions are more stronger than intermolecular interactions.

The two types of forces that hold separate molecules and atoms together are intramolecular and intermolecular forces. The motion of atoms and molecules is governed by these forces. Intramolecular forces are those that hold the atoms together within a molecule. Chemical bonds are created as a result of these factors. Intermolecular forces are therefore substantially weaker than intramolecular forces.

When two atoms share electrons or give/take electrons from/to another atom, this is known as an intramolecular interaction. A covalent bond is referred to as when two atoms share electrons. Ionic bonds are created when one atom loses or gains an electron.

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b) 2 is the equivalent resonance forms can be drawn for so2 without expanding octet on the sulfur atom.

When the bonding between two polyatomic ions or certain molecules cannot be described by a single Lewis formula, resonance is a means to describe the delocalized electrons inside those molecules or ions. Several resonance structures can be used to depict a molecule or an ion with such delocalized electrons.

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Silicate material have relatively low densities because of the covalent character in the bonds.

The silicate material have relatively low densities because of the presence of the covalent character between the interatomic bonding of Si and O.

This covalent character decreases the packing efficiency of the lattice of the silicates.

Also, because of the presence of the Frenkle effect in the lattice of silicate materials. It is easily founded in the silicates which result in the relatively low densities.

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By using the ionic bonding model, the highest melting point has MgO, due to presence to more ionic charge than NaCl.

Ions having opposing charges electrostatically attract one another to form ionic bonds, sometimes referred to as electrovalent bonds, in a chemical molecule. When the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are irreversibly transferred to another atom, a bond of this sort is created. If an atom receives electrons, it becomes a negatively charged ion (cation), and if it loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion (cation) (anion). Following is a quick discussion on ionic bonds. For further information, go visit Chemical Bonding: The Ionic Bonding Process. The greatest examples of this kind of chemical are those that result from the combination of nonmetals with alkali and alkaline-earth metals. Ionic bonding results in the formation of electrovalent or ionic molecules. genuine polar covalent bond

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5.26 years later, that 50 grams of cobalt remain is the correct prediction that chemist can predict exactly which cobalt atom is going to decay.

A chemical element with the atomic number 27 and the symbol Co is cobalt. With the exception of minor concentrations found in alloys of naturally occurring meteoric iron, cobalt is only ever found in the Earth's crust in a chemically mixed state. Because of its look, hardness, and resistance to oxidation, cobalt is frequently used in electroplating.

Destructive dissolution is what is meant by the words decay, decompose, rot, putrefy, and spoil. The term "decay" refers to a gradual deterioration from a sound or perfect state. a dilapidated home. Decomposition causes a breakdown by chemical transformation and corruption when applied to organic substance. Because objects that are rotting or decaying typically don't look good or smell good, decay seems like an unpleasant process.

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A graphic showing curved arrows pointing to the catalyst surface of the provided SN2 reaction to represent the passage of electrons cannot be produced since the statement is not complete.

When drawing in the leaving group and the major organic product, as well as showing the lone pairs with formal charges on the leaving group, the product species should be used to demonstrate the balanced equation, nonbonding electrons, and formal charges.

Lone pairs are those valence electrons in a covalent connection that are not shared with another atom.

One bond is ruptured and another is completed in one step in a chemical reaction known as an SN2 reaction.

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The main function of the coarse adjustment knob simply is that it helps to focus an image on the microscope.

In science, a microscope is an instrument which is used in viewing objects or cells which cannot be be seen with the ordinary eyes. This instrument is also used to view microscopic organisms, cell and tissues.

That being said, the coarse adjustment knob help in focusing an image on the microscope by way of moving the stage up and down and the lens too. Some few parts of microscope aside the coarse adjustment knob are as follows:

In conclusion, it can be deduced from all said and done above that objectives lens and the stage of the microscope helps the coarse adjustment knob to perform its function easily.

Complete question:

Description/Functions Illuminating/magnifying/mechanical parts of microscope.

What is the function of the coarse adjustment knob of a microscope?

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The ag | agcl and calomel reference electrodes are saturated with kcl. The answers should be as follows : (a) 0.326 v, (b) 0.086 v, (c) 0.019 v, (d) -0.021 v, (e) 0.021 v.

Chemical reaction known as oxidation. As a result of atoms as well as groups of atoms losing electrons, it is described as a process. The addition or loss of oxygen as well as hydrogen in such a chemical species would be another method to describe oxidation.

(a) 0.523 v versus S.H.E. = ? versus Ag | AgCl

E(measured) = E(ind) - E(red)

                     = 0.523 - 0.197

                     = 0.326 v

(b) - 0.111 v versus Ag | AgCl = ? versus S.H.E.

E(measured) = E(ind) - E(red)

0.197 = E(ind) - (-0.111)

E(ind) = 0.197 - 0.111

E(ind) = 0.086 v

(c) -0.222 v versus S.C.E. = ? versus S.H.E.

E(measured) = E(ind) - E(red)

0.241 = E(ind) - (-0.222)

E(ind) = 0.241 - 0.222

E(ind) = 0.0019 v

d) 0.023 v versus Ag | AgCl = ? versus S.C.E.

E(red) = 0.241 - 0.197 = 0.044

E(measured) = E(ind) - E(red)

                     = 0.023 - 0.044

                     = -0.021 v

(e) - 0.023 v versus S.C.E. = ? versus Ag | AgCl

E(measured) = E(ind) - E(red)

0.044 = E(ind) - (-0.023)

E(ind) = 0.044 - 0.023

E(ind) = 0.021 v

Hence, The responses are (a) 0.326 v, (b) 0.086 v, (c) 0.019 v, (d) -0.021 v, and (e) 0.021 v.

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Simple cubic structure there is only one lattice point at each corner of the cube-shaped unit cell. Here, particles are present at the corners of the cube and not on the body center or face center.

Alpha polonium is a high radioactive heavy metal.

How to calculate density in simple cubic cell?

We will use the equation,

ρ=Z×Ma/a³×Na

where,

Z = number of atoms in a unit cell (Z = 1 for a simple cubic unit cell)

a = edge length= 336 pm

Na=6.022×1023particles/mol

Ma = 209

ρ=Z×Ma/a³×Na

= 1× 209 / (336) ³× 6.023

= 3.31 ^-5

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Answer:

Many transition metals will have electron configurations slightly different than those predicted by using the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule.

For example, using these rules would produce an electron configuration for copper of [Ar] 4s2 3d9. The actual electron configuration for copper will move one electron from the 4s sublevel into the 3d sublevel resulting in [Ar] 4s1 3d10. The copper 1+ ion will have an electron configuration of [Ar] 4s0 3d10 and the copper 2+ ion will have an electron configuration of [Ar] 4s0 3d9. Many other transition elements will show movement of electrons from the highest energy s sublevel into the d sublevel one energy below.

Explanation: here cutie hope it helps ;)

During the transamination process, the enzyme transaminases use Pyridoxal pyrophosphate as a cofactor.

All transamination reactions, as well as several amino acid oxylation and deamination processes, involve the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate. The aminotransferase enzyme's epsilon-amino group of a particular lysine group forms a Schiff-base bond with the aldehyde group of pyridoxal phosphate.

The epsilon-amino group of the lysine residue in the active site is replaced by the alpha-amino group of the amino acid substrate. The ensuing intermediate, a quinoid, undergoes deprotonation to become an aldimine, which is then protonated to become a ketimine by accepting a proton in a different position. Ketamine undergoes hydrolysis, leaving the amino group on the protein complex intact.

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1- and 2-pentene are produced via the reaction of pentanol with tscl and pyridine. It's not the booze that matters. Pent-2-chloride (C5H9Cl) is produced by the reactions of pentanol (C5H11OH) with thionyl chloride (TSCA).

Pentanol burns readily and smells like fusel when it is at room temperature. In the production of goods for the home and industry, such as paint, lubricants, fuels, and resins, pentanol is frequently employed as a solvent.

Eyes, skin, and respiratory systems are all irritated by the chemical. The material may make you throw up and result in aspiration pneumonitis if you accidentally consume it. On the central nervous system, the chemical could have an impact. Unconsciousness may set in after prolonged high-level exposure.

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a polymerization reaction is a process that joins together monomers to create very long polymer chains, which can be thought of as chain reaction.

What is polymerization?

Polymerization is any chemical process in which relatively small molecules, known as monomers, combine to form a very big chainlike or network molecule known as a polymer. Monomer molecules might be identical or represent two, three, or more distinct chemicals.

What is chain reaction?

A chain reaction in which a polymer chain grows. progresses solely by reaction(s) between monomer(s) and active site(s) on the polymer chain, with active site(s) regeneration at the end of each growth step.

A typical polymerization reaction consists of three steps: chain start, chain propagation, and chain termination.

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1.5 moles of Octane will react to produce = (1.5 × 18)/2 = 13.5 moles of H2O.

Thus, 13.5 moles of water were obtained from the reaction.

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below below:

2C8H18 + 25O2 —> 16CO2 + 18H2O

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles C8H18 reacted to produce 18 moles of H2O.

Finally, we shall determine the number of moles of H2O produced by the reaction of 1.5 moles of C8H18. This can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles C8H18 reacted to produce 18 moles of H2O.

Therefore, 1.5 moles of C8H18 will react to produce = (1.5 × 18)/2 = 13.5 moles of H2O.

Thus, 13.5 moles of H2O were obtained from the reaction.

If that happens, we know from the balanced equation that for every two moles of octane consumed, we get 18 moles of H2O.

The law of conservation of mass, which states that "the total mass of all the products of reaction in a chemical reaction is equal to the total mass of all the reactants," is satisfied by balancing chemical equations.

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The wavelength of radiation of resonance absorption is 3.55 x 10⁻⁷ nm. If the first excited state of an atom of a gas is 1.85ev above the ground state.

First, we need to Calculate the frequency of the radiation.

Since the energy of the first excited state is 1.85 eV, we can calculate the frequency of the radiation (ν) using the equation

ν = E/h,

where E is the energy in Joules and h is the Planck's constant (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ Js).

Therefore,          

ν = 1.85 x 1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹J/ (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ Js)

ν = 2.81 x 10¹⁵ Hz

Next we need to Calculate the wavelength of the radiation.

The wavelength of radiation (λ) is the inverse of the frequency (ν), so

λ = 1/ν.

Therefore,

λ = 1/ (2.81 x 10¹⁵ Hz)

λ = 3.55 x 10⁻¹⁶ m

Lastly, Convert the wavelength from meters to nanometers.

1 m = 10⁹ nm

Therefore, 3.55 x 10^-16 m = 3.55 x 10⁻⁷ nm

The wavelength of radiation for resonance absorption is 3.55 x 10⁻⁷ nm

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Indicate if the equilibrium mixture for each of the following reactions contains predominantly products, mostly reactants, or both reactants and products are reactants are dominating and lie to the left because Kc=1.

Combination or synthesis, breakdown, single displacement, double displacement, or combustion are the five different types of generic chemical reactions.

Oxidation, which results from a reaction caused by oxygen, is the process that causes rusting.Digestion. Acid-Base Reactions, Photosynthesis, Detergent and Soap Reactions, Aerobic and Anaerobic Cellular Respiration Reactions is a quarterly online publication from MDPI that is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal covering reaction chemistry and engineering.

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The Negative sign indicate the loss of heat - 1.772 kJ / mol.  

What is a calorimeter ?

A calorimeter is a tool used to gauge how much heat is generated during a chemical or physical process. For instance, when an exothermic reaction takes place in solution in a calorimeter, the heat generated by the reaction is absorbed by the solution, raising its temperature.

What is a moles?

The mole, which is denoted by the symbol "mol," is the volume of a system that includes as many elementary particles as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12.

The energy measured using the water, Q = 4432 J The molar mass of H2 = 2 g/mol

The no. of moles in 5 g of H2, nH2 = mass / molar mass

nH2 = 5 / 2 nH2

= 2.5 mol

For 1 mol = 4432 J / 2.5 mol

= 1772.8 J /mol

= 1.772 kJ / mol

= - 1.772 kJ / mol.  

Therefore, Negative sign indicate the loss of heat

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The ionic compounds that would be expected to have the highest lattice energy is KF>KCl>KBr>KI.

Lattice energy can be defined as the energy required to convert one mole of an ionic solid into gaseous ionic constituents. Alternatively, it can be defined as the energy that must be supplied to one mole of an ionic crystal in order to separate it into gaseous ions in a vacuum via an endothermic process.

As we increase the ion charge variable, lattice energy generally increases. This means that ions with larger charge values will produce ionic compounds with greater lattice energies. In turn, the ions that are possessing weaker charges decrease the lattice energies of their compounds.

Lattice energy is directly proportional to the charge of the ions and inversely proportional to the size of the ions. Thus lattice energy increases as the size of anion decreases.

Therefore the order here would be  KF>KCl>KBr>KI.

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find the proportion or pyridine, c5h5n, that produces the pyridinium ion [H₃O⁺] = 1.99×10¯¹⁴ M

In addition to being utilized as a solvent, pyridine is also used to create a wide range of goods, including insecticides, paints, synthetic fibres, adhesives, as waterproofing for clothing. In the environment, several natural materials can break down and produce pyridine.

Briefing

We'll begin by writing the balanced dissociation equation of pyridine. This is illustrated below:

C₅H₅N + H₂O <=> C₅H₆N⁺ + OH¯

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of C₅H₅N produced 1 mole of OH¯.

Therefore, 0.502 M C₅H₅N will also produce 0.502 M OH¯.

Fnally, we shall determine the concentration of hydronium ion, H₃O⁺ inthe solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Concentration of Hydroxide ion [OH¯] = 0.502 M

Concentration of hydronium ion [H₃O⁺] =?

[H₃O⁺] [OH¯] = 1×10¯¹⁴

[H₃O⁺] × 0.502 = 1×10¯¹⁴

Divide both side by 0.502

[H₃O⁺] = 1×10¯¹⁴ / 0.502

[H₃O⁺] = 1.99×10¯¹⁴ M

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In this reaction we getting carbon dioxide and water as products.

What is combustion?

Fuel (hydrocarbon) and oxygen react chemically during combustion to produce heat. The release of heat and light energy occurs when fuel and oxygen react. Afterward, the flame is produced by heat and light energy.

What is temperature?

The average kinetic energy of all the atoms or molecules in a given substance, which is used to determine its temperature. A substance's particle's kinetic energy varies among its constituent parts. The distribution of the particles' kinetic energy can be used to depict it at any given moment.

Burning of hydrocarbon in the presence of oxygen is called combustion reaction. In this reaction we getting carbon dioxide and water as products.

Therefore, In this reaction we getting carbon dioxide and water as products.

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The neutralization reaction between the weak acid H2S(aq)and the strong base KOH(aq) can be represented using the following total ionic equation.

2H2S+K^+ + 20H^- → 2H2O +2S^2- + K^+

From this equation, we can see that the spectator ion would be the K+ion since it is present in both sides.

Spectator ions exist on both sides of the equation in the same state because they are present during the reaction but are unaffected by it. Every neutralization reaction involves this shift.

Ions present in a reaction solution but not participating in the reaction are known as "spectator ions." As ions, they persist in solution. In this instance, both the hydride H+ and hydroxide OH1 ions from the LiOH and HBr remain in solution.

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a diatomic element has six bonding electrons, six non-bonding electrons, and 2 anti-bonding electrons. the bond order is the pairing of two atoms with those atoms.

This is an atomic-level phenomenon in which elements share electrons to fill their valence shells.

You can also combine two or more substances into a compound.

According to molecular orbital theory, the bond order is half the difference between the bonding and antibonding electrons.

Mathematically, bond order = 0.5 (number of bond electrons – number of antibond electrons)

element bond electrons = 6

element antibonding electrons = 2

difference = bond electron - antibond electron

= 6 - 2

= 4

bond order = (0.5)*(difference)

bond order = (0.5)*(4)

bond order = 2

The bonding order of diatomic elements is 2, with 6 bonding electrons, 6 non-bonding electrons, and 2 anti-bonding electrons.

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The composition of the mixture by volume 62.1% He and 37.9% Ar.

PV = nRT

n = mass / mw

substitute and rearrange...

PV = (mass / mw) RT

mw = (mass / V) RT/P

and since density = mass / V

mw = (0.660g /L) x (0.08206 Latm/moleK) x (298K) / (755mmHg x 1atm/760mmHg)

mw = 17.61 g/mole

mole fraction He x molar mass He + mole fraction Ar x molar mass Ar = 17.61

and if we let χHe = mole fraction He.. then (1-χHe) = mole fraction Ar.. ie.

χHe x 4.003 + (1-χHe) x 39.95 = 17.61

-35.95 χHe = - 22.34

χHe = 0.621

χAr = 1-0.621 = 0.379

now.. what about volume well... if both gases are ideal, then PV= nRT ---> V/n = RT/P.. so at the constant T and P.. V/n = a constant.. ie.. V1/n1 = V2/n2.. ie.. V1/V2 = n1/n2..meaning this...

"volume ratio = mole ratio"

so. VHe / VAr = m0les H2 / m0les Ar.

and since mole fraction He = moles He / moles total and mole fraction Ar = moles Ar / moles total...

therefore..

mole fraction He / mole fraction Ar = [moles He / (moles total)] / [ moles Ar / (moles total)] = nHe / nAr

VHe / VAr = χHe / χAr = 0.621 / 0.379...

or if you prefer...

62.1% He and 37.9% Ar

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