A ketone is a functional group in organic chemistry with the formula R-C(=O)-R', where R and R' can be any number of carbon-containing substituents. A carbonyl group, or C(=O)-, or carbon-oxygen double bond, is present in ketones.
What is reagent?
Reagents are substances or mixtures that are added to a system in order to start a chemical reaction or determine whether one has already happened. A reagent can be used to test for the presence of a certain chemical by generating a reaction with it.
Reagents can be substances or combinations. Small inorganic or organic molecules make up the majority of compounds in organic chemistry. The Grignard reagent, the Tollens reagent, the Collins reagent, the Fehling reagent, and the Fenton reagent are examples of reagents. To be used as a reagent, a chemical does not necessarily need to contain the word "reagent" in its name.
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The titration of 25. 0 ml of an unknown concentration h 2so 4 solution requires 83. 6 ml of 0. 12 m lioh solution. What is the concentration of the h 2so 4 solution (in m)?.
The calculated concentration of the H₂SO₄ solution is 0.20 M.
How to calculate the unknown concentration via titration?Firstly, we can calculate number of moles of LiOH that are present in the 83.6 mL of 0.12 M LiOH solution.
Volume in mL = 83.6 mL
Volume in litres = 83.6 / 1000 = 0.0836 L
Molarity of LiOH = 0.12 M
Now, to calculate the moles of LiOH 83.6 mL of 0.12 M LiOH solution, formula is:
Mole = Molarity × Volume
So, Moles of LiOH = 0.12 × 0.0836 = 0.010032 moles
Next, we have to calculate the amount of H2SO4 required to react with 0.010032 moles of LiOH:
2LiOH + H₂SO₄ → Li₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
From the above balanced equation, it can be said that 2 moles of LiOH reacted with 1 mole of H₂SO₄. Thus,
The number of moles of H₂SO₄ that are required to react with 0.010032 moles of LiOH = 0.010032 / 2 = 0.005016 mole of H₂SO₄
Now, finally, we will calculate the molarity of H₂SO₄:
Molarity = Mole / volume
Mole of H₂SO₄ = 0.005016 mole
Volume = 25 mL = 25 / 1000 = 0.025 L
On putting these values in the molarity formula-
Molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.005016 moles / 0.025 L
Molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.20 M
Hence, the unknown concentration of H₂SO₄ is found to be 0.20 M.
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energy investment in the first stage of glycolysis requires glucose to be and cleaved to yield two molecules.
Energy investment in the first stage of glycolysis requires glucose to be phosphorylated and cleaved to yield two molecules.
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into two molecules of pyruvate in the presence of oxygen or two molecules of lactate in the absence of oxygen.
The metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate is known as glycolysis. This free energy is used to create the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Glycolysis is a series of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The process occurs in a cell's cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. It can be found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Phosphorylation traps glucose with the help of the enzyme hexokinase.
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An unknown gas effuses at a rate 0. 667 times the rate of co₂. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas?.
When the gas emits at a rate that is 0. 667 times that of CO₂, it has a molar mass of 62.9 g/mol.
Graham's Law states that a gas's rate of effusion is inversely related to the square root of its molar mass.
√[M(b)/M(a)] = R(a)/R(b)
R is the effusion rate.
square root = sqrt = √
the molar mass, M
Square root of R(a)/R(CO) is √[M(CO)/M(a)].
(0.667)² = 28 g/mol/ M(a)
( by squaring both sides)
M(a)(0.667)² = 28
M(a) = 28/(0.667)²
M(a) = 62.9 g/mol.
The molar mass of the unidentified gas is 62.9 g/mol.
What effect has Graham's law?
According to Graham's law of diffusion, the ratio of the square root of the molecular weights of gas particles to their diffusion rates is equivalent.
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which of the following statements are true of buffer solutions? 1.a buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of acetic acid and sodium acetate. 2.a buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride. 3.a buffer solution resists changes in ph when small quantities of acid or base are added. group of answer choices 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 2 only all of 1, 2, and 3 none of 1, 2, and 3
The statements given in 1 and 3 are true about Buffer solutions.
Statement 1:
A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of acetic acid and sodium acetate because in buffer solutions strong base should be less. Hence, here acetic acid is the weak acid and sodium acetate is the corresponding salt.
Statement 2:
A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, this statement is false because no buffer solution can be made from strong acid like HCl.
Statement 3:
A buffer solution resists changes in pH when small quantities of acid or base are added to the solution and this is true.
Hence, the correct statements are 1 and 3.
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supposed you have samples of three unknown solids. Explain how you could use their properties to determine whether or not they are ionic solids
The properties of the unknown solids which will help to determine whether or not they are ionic solids is them possessing a high melting and boiling points.
What are Ionic solids?
This is referred to as a chemical compound which comprises of ions and is usually held together by electrostatic forces called ionic bonding.
Ionic solids have to undergo melting which involves the application of heat in other to test the melting and boiling points as solid substances are unable to do that due to its tightly packed particles which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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in order to protect underground pipelines and storage tanks made of iron, the iron is made the cathode of a voltaic cell through a process called .
In order to protect underground pipelines and storage tanks made of iron, the iron is made the cathode of a voltaic cell through a process called Impressed current method which is a kind of cathodic protection.
There are two methods which belongs to cathodic protection
a) one is by connecting the base metal with a more reactive metal and making the more reactive metal anode which sacrifices itself protecting the base metal [Iron in this case] : This is known as Sacrificial anodization protection
b) the second method is : Impressed current method where the base metal is connected to a battery in such a way that it starts behaving as cathode. This method is used in the given problem
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for each of the following use formal charges to choose the lewis structures that give the best description of the electron distribution.
ClO2F
SO2
Lewis Formula
Lewis formula is the electron dot structure, which tells us about the bonding between the atoms of a chemical molecule. It shows the number of lone pairs of electrons present in a molecule and the position of each atom by using chemical symbols. The Lewis formula tells us the number of valence shell electrons.
According to the question, SO2 is the best description of electron distribution in Lewis structure.
When we draw Lewis structures, sometimes the electrons are shared in a way which seems "unfair." For instance, in (CH3)3NO, to give N 8 electrons (and not more, since N can't have more than 8), we have to draw a single bond to oxygen. If we see a reaction between (CH3)3N and an oxygen atom, both electrons that form the bond to O come from N (the former lone pair). (This is a rare example of a reaction that is both a Lewis acid-base reaction and a redox reaction.) However, once the bond is made, these electrons are shared. If you imagine that they are shared equally, then there is a single positive charge on N and negative charge on O. These are called formal charges.
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What will be the bond angles for an sp3d hybridized atom participating in five identical single covalent bonds?.
Five electron groups are engaged in the triangular bipyramidal structure, resulting in sp3d hybridization. The orbital angles are 90° and 120°.
The result is that the VSEPR theory, in which three atoms give an electron pair and create a trigonal bipyramid with angles of 120° and 108°, can explain sp3d hybridization.
The only conceivable molecule geometry for sp3d hybridised centre atoms is trigonal bipyramidal. Trigonal bipyramidal shape is likewise the result if all bonds are present.
There is sp3d hybridization in SF4. Five bonds encircling a single phosphorus correspond to sp3d hybridization in PF5. Six bonds are arranged around one sulphur in SF6 to coincide with sp3d2 hybridization. As you can see, the hybridization produces the same amount of bondable hybridised orbitals regardless of the number of orbitals employed in the process.
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A hot mug of coffee was brought into a 25◦c room, where it started to cool according to newton’s law of cooling. After 10 minutes, the coffee was 45◦c and after another 10 minutes it was 35◦c. What was the coffee’s initial temperature?.
Answer:
The initial temperature of the coffee was 75°C.
How many grams of oxygen are required to react with 11. 0 grams of octane ( c8h18 ) in the combustion of octane in gasoline?.
The 38.59 gram of oxygen is required to burn 11gram of octane.
2C8H18 + 25O2 = 16CO2 + 18H2O
The complete combustion of 2 x114 gram of octane require 25 x 32 gram of oxygen.
so the 11 gram of octane needs 38.59 gram of oxygen according to balanced chemical equation.
Alkane releases a tremendous amount of heat energy when heated in the presence of enough oxygen or air to form carbon dioxide and water. It happens when there is not enough oxygen present for the complete combustion of the fuel. As a result, carbon or carbon monoxide is produced. A poisonous gas called carbon monoxide is produced as a byproduct and is colorless.
Hence, octane undergoes complete combustion with oxygen.
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in general, when the addition of an unsymmetrical electrophilic reagent to an unsymmetrical alkene forms the product predicted by markovnikov's rule, which occurs because:
The correct answer is it is formed via the more/most stable carbocation.
The following reaction occurs between unsymmetrical alkene (CH₃CH=CH₂) and unsymmetrical electrophilic reagent (H-Br) -
CH₃CH=CH₂ + H-Br → CH₃-CH(Br)-CH₃ + H₃C-CH₂-CH₂-Br
CH₃-CH(Br)-CH₃ is the primary product because it is formed via a secondary carbocation intermediate. In comparison, H₃C-CH₂-CH₂-Br is the minor product because it is created via a primary carbocation intermediate. The stability of secondary carbocation is higher as compared to the primary carbocation. These products are according to Markovnikov's rule.
The above discussion suggests that option C is the correct answer.
What is markovnikov's rule?
Markovnikov's rule states that when an asymmetrical reagent is added to an asymmetrical alkene, then the negative half of the reagent will attach to the carbon atom containing fewer hydrogen atoms.
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you heat 3.00 g of magnesium metal in a crucible, and it becomes a white product with a mass of 4.95 g. where did the other 1.95 grams come from?
Due to the oxygen from the air combining with the magnesium to form magnesium oxide, or MgO, the mass has increased.
The total mass of the magnesium increases when it is heated because magnesium combines with oxygen to generate magnesium oxide ( so it supported the hypothesis). It is oxygen that has caused the increased bulk.
Magnesium creates light intense enough to briefly impair your vision when it combines with oxygen. Magnesium burns so brightly because a lot of heat is released during the process. This exothermic process causes magnesium to donate two electrons to oxygen, resulting in the formation of powdered magnesium oxide (MgO).
Therefore, Due to the oxygen from the air combining with the magnesium to form magnesium oxide, or MgO, the mass has increased and hence the other 1.95 grams has come from oxygen.
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a sample of 6.9 moles of gas is placed in a container of volume of 30.4 l. what is the pressure of the gas in torr if the gas is at 62oc? what would be the volume of this gas if placed at stp?
The volume of this gas if placed at stp is 156.7 L.
What is mole?
The amount of substance that has the same number of chemical species (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as the number of atoms present in 12g of the carbon-12 isotope is referred to as a mole.
What is gas?
The intermolecular forces of attraction are even weaker than in the liquid form of matter in the gas state. The gas particles are spaced farther apart from one another. Given its kinetic energy, the molecule has weak intermolecular forces.
PV=nRT
V=30.4L
n=6.9 moles
T=335 K
R= 62.36 L.Torr/K.mol
Then,
P=(6.9molx62.36(L.Torr/K.mol)x335K)/30.4L
P=4741 Torr
At STP conditions are T=273.15 K and P=100kPa
Then, V=(6.9molesx273.15Kx8.314(L.KPa/K.mol))/100KPa
V=156.7 L
Therefore, the volume of this gas if placed at stp is 156.7 L.
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when a 4.25-g sample of solid ammonium nitrate dissolves in 60.0 g of water in a coffee-cup lost the same as that of pure water. c = 4. 18 0/k -'63- solution process nhano3(s) - nh4*(aq) + no3 (aq) assume that the specific heat of the solution is.
Then, the dissolution process is endothermic. The solution has a positive 25.8 Kilojoules per mole specific heat. That will be equivalent to the solution's specific heat as its temperature drops.
Here's the complete question .(a) When a 4.25-g sample of solid ammonium nitrate dissolves in 60.0 g of water in a coffee-cup calorimeter ( the temperature drops from 23.0 C to 16.6 C . Calculate H (in kJ/mol NH4NO3) for the solution process shown below. Assume that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water. Hint: this process occurs at constant pressure. NH4NO3(s) --> NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) H = kJ/mol?
Answer and Explanation:
Given data:Mass of the ammonium nitrate
(NH4NO3) = 4.25 g
Mass of the water (H2O) = 60.0 g
Total mass of the mixture ( reactants) = Mass of the ammonium nitrate + Mass of the water
Total mass of the mixture ( reactants) = 4.25 g + 60.0 g = 64.25 g
Specific Heat (c) = 4.184 Jg/K
Drop in temperature (ΔT) = 23.0oC−16.6oC=6.4oC
1 Heat energy for the mixture
Q = m×c×ΔT
Here,
Q = Heat energy
m = mass of the mixture = 64.25 g
c = Specific Heat = 4.184 Jg/K
ΔT = 6.4oC
Q = 64.25g×4.184Jg/K×6.4oC
Q = 1720.4608 J
Q = 1.720 k J
2ΔH for the ammonium nitrate
ΔH = Q / Number of moles of the ammonium nitrate
Number of moles of the ammonium nitrate (n) = mass of ammonium nitrate / molar mass of ammonium nitrate
Mass of the ammonium nitrate = 4.25 g
Molar mass of the ammonium nitrate = 80g/mol
Number of moles of the ammonium nitrate (n) = 4.25/80
Number of moles of the ammonium nitrate (n) = 0.053125 moles
ΔH = Q/Number of moles of the ammonium nitrate
ΔH = 1.720kJ/0.053125mol
ΔH = 32.376 kJ/mol.
In water, is NH4NO3 endothermic or exothermic?the endothermic response,Because the reaction is endothermic, meaning it takes energy from the environment in the form of heat, the beaker turns cold when ammonium nitrate is dissolved in water. As a result, the endothermic reaction of hydrating NH4NO3 causes the beaker to become cold.
How can you say if something is endothermic or exothermic?Heat is released during an exothermic reaction, raising the temperature of the immediate environment. The surrounding is cooled through an endothermic process that absorbs heat.
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Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The major organic of the following reaction is optically active. 1. BH 3. THE 2. H2O2, NaOH O True O False
True the major organic of the following reaction is optically active.
What is Optically active substance?
Optically active chemicals are those substances that have the ability to change (rotation) the polarisation plane of plane polarised light. Dextrorotatory compounds are those that rotate the plane clockwise (to the right).
What is the Polarization Plane?
The direction that lights with linear polarisation are polarised is indicated by the term "plane of polarisation."
It follows that True: The main optically active organic in the following reaction. 1. BH 3. THF 2. H2O2 4.NaOH .
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which of the following compounds would be considered an electrolyte? a. c6h12o6 b. naoh c. co2 d. agcl
NaOH is the substance that, in response to the query, would be regarded as an electrolyte. Your blood and other bodily fluids include minerals called electrolytes that are electrically charged.
What transpires if your body is deficient in electrolytes?
Blood clotting, muscular contractions, acid balance, and fluid control can all be affected when your body is low on electrolytes. Since your heart is a muscle, electrolytes aid in controlling your heartbeat.
How can I balance my electrolytes again?
The best way to keep your electrolyte balance is to stay hydrated. The most natural option for hydration is water. Compared to other drinks, it is less expensive and more readily available. Another option for restoring electrolytes is
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amp-pnp is a non-hydrolyzable analog of atp that can bind to proteins in a similar manner as atp but is no longer hydrolyzed. predict what would happen to helicase activity if amp-pnp were added to a dna replication reaction.
Helicase would cease to function if the AMP-PNP was not hydrolyzed. ATP binding and hydrolysis cause conformational changes that allow helicase to unwind DNA.
Helicases are nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complex binding enzymes that can also remodel them. There are helicases for both DNA and RNA. DNA helicases are required during DNA replication because they split double-stranded DNA into single strands, allowing each strand to be copied independently.
Helicases are a type of enzyme that is thought to be essential to all organisms. Helicases are motor proteins that use ATP hydrolysis to move directionally along a nucleic acid phosphodiester backbone, separating two hybridized nucleic acid strands. DNA helicases catalyze the dissolution of the hydrogen bonds that connect the two strands of double-stranded DNA. This energy-demanding unwinding reaction produces single-stranded DNA, which is used as a template or reaction intermediate in DNA replication, repair, and recombination.
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Cold packs, whose temperatures are lowered when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water, are carried by athletic trainers when transporting ice is not possible. Which of the following is true of this reaction?Group of answer choicesΔH = 0, since cold packs are sealedΔH > 0, process is endothermicΔH > 0, process is exothermicΔH < 0, process is exothermicΔH < 0, process is endothermic
ΔH > 0, the process is endothermic; this is true about this reaction in which ammonium nitrate is dissolved in water
An endothermic reaction is a term used in chemistry to describe the chemical reactions in which the reactants absorb heat energy from the surrounding environment to produce the products
When cold packs are filled with water and ammonium nitrate, and the bag is squeezed then the water interacts with the chemical (ammonium nitrate) to initiate a reaction that decreases the temperature of the water to almost freezing. It can decrease inflammation and numb pain in the area because the icing is effective at reducing swelling and pain because the cold constricts blood vessels and decreases circulation to the area of inflammation.
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a sample of a metal, heated in air, gains mass dm by oxidising at a rate that declines with time t in a parabolic way, meaning that dm2 ¼ kpt where kp is a constant. why does the rate fall off in this way? what does it imply about the nature and utility of the oxide?
Oxidation originates at the surface of the metal and then it slowly penetrates through the surface.
As at the beginning exposed surface area is more therefore rate of oxidation is also more. After that, the process needed to occur inside the exposed surface of the metal, and the rate of diffusion decreases, so the rate of oxidation decreases.
It represents oxide layers that reduce the diffusion rate, therefore it is used for producing isolation shields for metals. Apart from that for covering a metal from the external environment or masking oxide layers are produced on metal surfaces.
Mass is a quantitative measure of inertia, an essential property of all dependents. It's far, in effect, the resistance that a frame of count number gives to a change in its speed or position upon the application of pressure. The more the mass of a frame, the smaller the alternate produced with the aid of a carried-out force.
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a gas at 772 mmhg and 35oc occupies a volume of 6.85 l, calculate its volume if the temperature is raised to 50oc at a constant pressure
A gas at 772 mph and 35oc occupies a volume of 6.85 l, calculate its volume if the temperature is raised to 50oc at a constant pressure and the final volume is 7.18L.
What is Charles law?
Charles' law asserts that a gas's volume is equal to a constant number times the temperature of that gas, as determined by the Kelvin scale (zero Kelvin corresponds to -273.15 degrees Celsius).
What is volume?
The volume (in inches, quarts, or centimeters) that a three-dimensional object takes up in space: The amount of a material that fills a given volume, measured in cubic capacity.
According to Charles law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
It can be mathematically represented as; V1/T1 = V2/T2 where V1 = initial volume, and V2 = final volume.
T1= initial temperature in Kelvin and T2= final temperature in Kelvin.
Here V1 = 6.85 L , T1= 35 + 273 =308 K and T2 =50 +27 =323 K
Final volume = 7.18 L
Therefore, a gas at 772 mph and 35oc occupies a volume of 6.85 l, calculate its volume if the temperature is raised to 50oc at a constant pressure and the final volume is 7.18L.
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using standard reduction potentials from the aleks data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy for the following redox reaction. round your answer to significant digits. 2no(g) 4h2o(l) 3cl2(g)
The standard reaction free energy ΔG° is -77.393 kJ for the following redox reaction using standard reduction potentials from the aleks data tab.
The redox reaction occurs at anode :
6Cl-(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 8H+(aq) → 3 Cl2(g) + 2NO (g) + 4H2O(l)
[tex]E^0_{cell}[/tex] = 0.957
[tex]E^0_{cell}[/tex] = 1.35827 - 0.957
[tex]E^0_{cell}[/tex] = 0.401
There were 2 moles of electrons involved in this redox reaction, according to the reaction.
[tex]G^0[/tex] = - (2) * 96,500 * 0.401
[tex]G^0[/tex] = - 77393 joules or -77.393 kJ
Hence, the standard reaction free energy is -77.393 kJ.
the complete question is:
Using standard reduction potentials from the ALEKS Data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy for the following redox reaction. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
6Cl-(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 8H+(aq) -> 3 Cl2(g) + 2NO (g) + 4H2O(l)
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According to the quantum-mechanical model for the hydrogen atom, which transition produces light with longer wavelength: 3p to 2s or 4p to 2s?.
3 p. Compared to 2 s, it's going from like the 3 p level 123 up here to the 2 s level versus 4, p to 3 p, 4 tethys. According to the quantum-mechanical model for the hydrogen atom.
Methane, widely known as natural gas, has a healthy substitute in hydrogen. According to estimates, it makes about 75% of the universe's mass and is the most prevalent chemical element. Huge quantities of hydrogen atoms are present on earth in water, plants, animals, and, of course, people. The principal energy level, energy level, orbital (arbitrary level), and spin of electrons are all described in quantum mechanics models along with the possibility of placing them inside an atom. According to quantum theory, which asserts that matter exhibits wave-like qualities, the quantum mechanics model is built on this idea.
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Lead will react with hydrochloride acid in a ingle replacement reaction. How many mile of hydrochloride acid are needed to completely react with 0. 36 mol of lead
In order for 0.36 mol of lead to totally react, 0.72 mol of Hydrochloric acid is required.
What is the purpose of hydrochloric acid?In the food, textile, metal, or rubber sectors, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is frequently employed as a bleaching agent to neutralize alkaline substances. When discharged into the soil, it is neutralized, and when it comes into contact with water, it hydrolyzes quickly.Low concentrations exposed over an extended period of time may damage and stain teeth. The EPA has not rated the carcinogenicity of hydrochloric acid.
Does hydrochloric acid harm people?Chemical burns from hydrochloric acid can be extremely painful if they come into contact with epidermis or other tissues. Ingestion of hydrochloric might result in blindness. The amount of acid present determines how severe the burns.
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is there something wrong with the nuclear model (like a miniature solar system) of the atom? if so, what is wrong? choose all that apply.
Orbiting electrons would emit light, The solar system model of the atom describes a situation in which the atom would collapse, Orbiting electrons would accelerate.
The elementary electric charge of the electron (eor -), a subatomic particle, is a negative one. Due to the fact that they are assumed to be elementary particles and lack any known components or substructure, electrons, which are a member of the first generation of the lepton particle family, are classified as such. The mass of an electron is around one-eighth that of a proton. An intrinsic half-integer value angular momentum (spin) with units of the decreased Planck constant,, is one of the electron's quantum mechanical properties. The characteristics of both waves and elementary particles are shared by electrons. They are susceptible to particle collisions and to light-like diffractive effects. It is simpler to understand the wave characteristics of electrons.
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Which best represents a balanced equation?
A. 2H₂ + O2 → 2H₂O
B. 2Fe + O2 → Fe₂O3
C. HgO Hg + O₂
a current of 11.3 a is applied to 1.25 l of a solution of 0.552 m hbr converting some of the h to h2(g), which bubbles out of solution. what is the ph of the solution after 73 minutes?
The pH of the solution after 73 minutes is 0.56.
Initial number of moles of H+ ions = molarity of solution × volume of solution = 0.552 × 1.25
= 0.69
The concentration of H+ ions in solution will now decrease during the electrochemical process.
By applying Faraday's formula, we can determine that the number of moles of H(+) discharged at the electrode is given by n = Q/(z × F),
where Q = the total electric charge in Coulomb,
F = the Faraday constant,
z = the number of electrons transferred per ion = 1 (in this case)
We also know that Q = I × t
= 11.4 × 73 × 60
= 49932 C
∴ n = Q/(z × F)
= (49932)/( 1 × 96500 )
= 0.5174
The amount of H+ ions left in the solution is now equal to 0.69 - 0.5174 = 0.357 moles.
Then, molecularity of a solution is calculated as the number of moles divided by the volume of the solution = ( 0.357 / 1.25 ) = 0.2856 M.
Lastly, concentration of [H+] = 0.2856 M
∴ pH = -log [H+] = -log [ 0.2856 ] = -log [ 2856 × 10⁻⁴ ] = 0.56
So, pH is calculated 0.56 .
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The following scientists made significant contributions to our understanding of the structure and function of DNA. Place the scientists' names in the correct chronological order, starting with the first scientist(s) to make a contribution.
I. Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod
II. Griffith
III. Hershey and Chase
IV. Meselson and Stahl
V. Watson and Crick
Scientists made significant contributions to our understanding of the structure and function of DNA. Place the scientists' names in the correct chronological order, starting with the first scientist(s) name to make a contribution.
Griffith (II)Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod (I)Hershey and Chase (III)Watson and Crick (V)Meselson and Stahl (IV)Hershey and Chase used which of the following facts to try to ascertain whether the genetic material is protein or DNA: protein does not contain phosphorus.
Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod tried to be investigators and were responsible for the following discovery the S cell chemicals that had been destroyed by heat were purified. Live R cells were used to examine the compounds' potential for transformation. DNA turned out to be the transformative agent.
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based on the following balanced equation, 4nh3(g) 5o2(g) → 4no(g) 6h2o(l) how many moles of excess reactant will be left when 4.0mol nh3 react with 3.0 mol o2 ?
1.6 moles of reactant will be in excess .
What is reactant?
A reagent, also known as an analytical reagent, is a substance as well as compound that is added to a system in order to trigger a chemical reaction or determine whether one has already occurred. Although the words "reagent" and "reactant" are frequently used interchangeably, "reactant" refers to a substance that is consumed during a chemical reaction. Even though they are part of the reaction's mechanism, solvents aren't typically referred to as reactants. Catalysts aren't reactants either because they aren't used up in the reaction. Reactants are frequently referred to as substrates in biochemistry, particularly in relation to enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
By using stoichiometric ratio
5 moles of o2 required to react with 4 moles of nh3
1 moles of o2 required = 4/5 moles of nh3
Here,
When we have 3 moles of o2
then 3 moles of o2 required = 4/5 x 3
= 12/5 moles
= 2.4 moles
then excess of moles of nh3 will be 4 - 2.4 = 1.6.
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balance the chemical reaction for the combustion of ethanol. c2h5oh o2 co2 h2o in the balanced chemical equation, the coefficient for o2 is [ select ] and the coefficient for co2 is [ select ] .
C₂H₅OH(l) + 3O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 3H₂O(l)
For complete combustion of ethanol, the amount of heat produced as measured in the bomb calorimeter is 1364.4kJ/mol at 25° C . The enthalpy of combustion for the reaction will be -1366.95kJ/mol
The combustion equation can be balanced as follows;
Firstly i had counted all the carbons, hydrogens and oxygens on the reactant sides as follows;
C= 2 H= 6 O= 3
and on the product side as follows;
C= 1 H= 2 O=3
Then I balanced the equation by multiplied the reactants and the products with suitable coefficients.
C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
Now the given equation is balanced because it has all the reactants and products in same amount as
C= 2 H= 6 O= 7
The same concentration of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is present on both reactants and products side.
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when the reaction mno2(s) ⇌ mn2 (aq) mno4-(aq) is balanced in an acidic solution, what is the coefficient of h
In the balanced chemical reaction of MnO₂, the coefficient of H⁺ is 4.
Balanced chemical reaction
The chemical equations which have the same number and same type of each atom on both sides of the equation is known as balanced chemical equation. The coefficients in a balanced equation must be always the simplest whole number ratio. Mass is always conserved in chemical reactions i.e., neither destroyed nor created.
Balanced chemical reaction of MnO₂ is given as:
5MnO₂ + 4H⁺ → 3Mn₂ + 4H₂O + 2MnO₄⁻
Hence, the coefficient of H⁺ in the balanced chemical equation of reduction MnO₂ is 4.
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