name 5 facts about west africa surplus in the 15th century

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Answer 1

Answer:

The history of West Africa has been commonly divided into its prehistory, the Iron Age in Africa, the major polities flourishing, the colonial period, and finally the post-independence era, in which the current nations were formed. West Africa is west of an imagined north-south axis lying close to 10° east longitude, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and Sahara Desert.

Colonial boundaries are reflected in the modern boundaries between contemporary West African states, cutting across ethnic and cultural lines, often dividing single ethnic groups between two or more states. During the Holocene, sedentary farming began to develop in West Africa. The Iron industry, in both smelting and forging for tools and weapons, appeared in Sub-Saharan Africa by 1200 BCE, and by 400 BCE, contact had been made with the Mediterranean civilizations, and a regular trade included exporting gold, cotton, metal, and leather in exchange for copper, horses, salt, textiles, and beads. The Nok culture (1500 BCE - 200/300 BCE) would develop.[1] and vanished under unknown circumstances around 500 AD, thus having lasted approximately 2,000 years.[2] The Serer people would construct the Senegambian stone circles (3rd century BCE - 16th century CE). The Sahelian kingdoms were a series of kingdoms or empires that were built on the Sahel, the area of grasslands south of the Sahara. They controlled the trade routes across the desert, and were also quite decentralised, with member cities having a great deal of autonomy. The Ghana Empire may have been established as early as the 7th century CE. It was succeeded by the Sosso in 1230, the Mali Empire in the 13th century CE, and later by the Songhai and Sokoto Caliphate. There were also a number of forest empires and states in this time period.

Following the collapse of the Songhai Empire, a number of smaller states arose across West Africa, including the Bambara Empire of Ségou, the lesser Bambara kingdom of Kaarta, the Fula/Malinké kingdom of Khasso (in present-day Mali's Kayes Region), and the Kénédougou Empire of Sikasso. European traders first became a force in the region in the 15th century. The transatlantic African slave trade resumed, with the Portuguese taking hundreds of captives back to their country for use as slaves; however, it would not begin on a grand scale until Christopher Columbus's voyage to the Americas and the subsequent demand for cheap colonial labour. As the demand for slaves increased, some African rulers sought to supply the demand by constant war against their neighbours, resulting in fresh captives. European, American and Haitian governments passed legislation prohibiting the Atlantic slave trade in the 19th century, though the last country to abolish the institution was Brazil in 1888.

In 1725, the cattle-herding Fulanis of Fouta Djallon launched the first major reformist jihad of the region, overthrowing the local animist, Mande-speaking elites and attempting to somewhat democratize their society. At the same time, the Europeans started to travel into the interior of Africa to trade and explore. Mungo Park (1771–1806) made the first serious expedition into the region's interior, tracing the Niger River as far as Timbuktu. French armies followed not long after. In the Scramble for Africa in the 1880s the Europeans started to colonise the inland of West Africa, they had previously mostly controlled trading ports along the coasts and rivers. Following World War II, campaigns for independence sprung up across West Africa, most notably in Ghana under the Pan-Africanist Kwame Nkrumah (1909–1972). After a decade of protests, riots and clashes, French West Africa voted for autonomy in a 1958 referendum, dividing into the states of today; most of the British colonies gained autonomy the following decade. Since independence, West Africa has suffered from the same problems as much of the African continent, particularly dictatorships, political corruption and military coups; it has also seen bloody civil wars. The development of oil and mineral wealth has seen the steady modernization of some countries since the early 2000s, though inequality persists hope this helps

Explanation:


Related Questions

Which quote is found in the Declaration of Independence?

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Answer:

That all men are created equal. That they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights. That among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. I think

Cases that african Americans did in court after the brown v board

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Me das mas información?

these slogans were popular at a time in history when many Americans supported ​

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The concept of manifest destiny

SOMEONE HELP ME PLEASE
Which New Deal program sought to transform an entire region of the country by building dams and other projects along a major river in the southeastern United States?

Answers

Answer:

The TVA or Tennessee Valley Authority New Deal

Police officers may not search your home without a search warrant or reasonable cause. This is an example of
-necessity of compromise
-majority rule: minority rule
-worth of the individual
-individual rights

Answers

Answer:

individual rights

Explanation:

this is the only one that sounds even remotely correct

Someone pls help quickly :(

What caused Prince Harry and Meghan Markle to
step back from their royal duties?

Answers

Everyone dies in the story I guess

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepped back from there royal duties because they wanted to work towards financial independence, while still continuing there royal duties for the queen.

Why did both the Union and Confederacy care about British neutrality?

Answers

The simple version is that both Union and Confederacy cared about British neutrality for the same reason - both sides of the same coin so to speak.

The Confederacy was an agrarian society. Their two major crops were cotton and tobacco, much of which they exported to England. Their manufacturing capabilities were minor and they relied on the income they got from their trade with England to purchase many manufactured goods, especially weapons.

The Union had considerable manufacturing capability of their own, and wanted England to stay neutral for exactly that reason, so that they (the English) would not respond militarily to the Union blockade of Confederate ports, which effectively cut off the supply of arms, equipment and cash the Confederacy needed to survive.

___________________________

Hope this helps!

- Lexi

Write a short note on Titanic.​

Answers

Answer:

The Titanic was a giant British cruise ship. It sank after hitting an iceberg. Around 1500 people died from the sinking. It was a really fancy ship with many swimming pools and places to play.

Explanation:

How is Nigeria's 'head of government' chosen?

A.
All citizens vote for the head of government, but the king must give final approval of the vote.

B.
All citizens vote directly for the head of government and also vote separately for a legislature.

C.
All citizens belonging to the Sunni branch of Islam may vote for head of government.

D.
All citizens vote for legislative members and the group with the most votes will choose the head of government.


Answers

The president is elected through universal suffrage. He or she is both the chief of state and head of government, heading the Federal Executive Council, or cabinet. The president is elected to see that the Nigerian Constitution is enacted and that the legislation is applied to the people. so this would mean your answer is B

During Germany's Colonial Empire around the 1900s, why didn't Germany make an attempt to teach their colonies or let them have self rule?

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Answer:The German colonial empire (German: Deutsches Kolonialreich) constituted the overseas colonies, dependencies and territories of Imperial Germany. Unified in the early 1870s, the chancellor of this time period was Otto von Bismarck. Short-lived attempts of colonization by individual German states had occurred in preceding centuries, but crucial colonial efforts only began in 1884 with the Scramble for Africa. Claiming much of the left-over uncolonized areas of Africa, Germany built the third-largest colonial empire at the time, after the British and French.[2] The German Colonial Empire encompassed parts of several African countries, including parts of present-day Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Namibia, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Chad, Nigeria, Togo, Ghana, New Guinea, and numerous other West Pacific / Micronesian islands.

Germany lost control of its colonial empire when the First World War began in 1914, in which all of its colonies were invaded by the Allies during the first weeks of the war. However, a few colonial military units held out in remote areas for a while longer: German South West Africa surrendered in 1915, Kamerun in 1916 and German East Africa in 1918.

Germany's colonial empire was officially confiscated with the Treaty of Versailles after Germany's defeat in the war and each colony became a League of Nations mandate under the supervision (but not ownership) of one of the victorious powers. The German colonial empire ceased to exist in 1919.[3] Plans to regain their lost colonial possessions persisted through the Second World War, with many at the time suspecting that this was a goal of the Third Reich all along.

Explanation:

what were some economic changes of the Russian revolution?

Answers

Answer:

The following is the explanation according to the given scenario.

Explanation:

Russia had a very backward or degraded civil, economic as well as cultural situation until 1905. Socioeconomic disparity throughout the working people has been very prevalent.Employees or staff were strongly linked to their communities, and that often created a social division between employers or workers.

Thus the above is the correct answer.

Why did Princip hate the Archduke?

Answers

It was also in 1914 that Apis allegedly decided that Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir-apparent of Austria, should be assassinated, as he was trying to pacify the Serbians, which would prevent a revolution if he was successful.

Federal taxes or a so called "sin tax" is placed on which products in order to discourage people from buying and using these
products?

Answers

Answer:

probably things like cigarettes and alcohol, gambling

Explanation:

Do you think that the United States should spend billions of dollars on weapons and the military?

Answers

Ya probably because we want to be prepared for anything in the future

Answer:

Depending on if they need it.

Explanation: The U.S. should spend money on weapons and military care only for necessary needs like health.

Select the boxes to identify denominations in sects of Christianity today

Answers

there’s no picture?????!!

she has a(n) for traveling the world

Answers

Answer:

She has a (thing) for traveling the world.

Explanation:

10. What was the US foreign policy towards the Soviet Union and its allies?
containment
aggression
pacifism
acceptance

Answers

containment? use this answer at your own risk

Agree Or Disagree: Light can travel through materials that you cannot see through, like wood or aluminum foil.

Answers

Answer:

i disagree

Explanation:

it just cant

plz mark brainliest

What is shari'a law?

Answers

Here's link to the answer:

tinyurl.com/wpazsebu

Explanation:

"The law, as we understand the word in the West, meaning the rules that regulate relations among people, is an integral part of Sharia. Rules of law are rules of Sharia, but not all the rules of Sharia are rules of law.  However, the words “Sharia” and “law” are often used interchangeably.

After the death of the Prophet Mohammed, Muslim jurists known as fuqaha’ (singular faqih) began studying the Sharia to discern its legal rules, leading to the formation of schools of Islamic legal thought known as mazahib (singular mazhab).  The work of these schools initiated a new discipline of Islamic study known as ilm al-fiqh or the science of knowledge.[2]

The Islamic legal theory espoused by these schools compared the law to a tree with few roots and many branches and divided ilm al-fiqh into ilm al-usul, or science of the roots, and ilm al-fourou’, or science of the branches.

Ilm al-usul dealt with the philosophical underpinning of Sharia law and the methodology used to elucidate the legal rules applicable in the various fields of the law, while ilm al-fourou’ dealt with the actual elucidation of these rules.  The elucidation process is called ijtihad, or exertion of the utmost efforts in seeking to translate God’s commands and exhortations into specific legal rules.

Ilm al-fourou’ is divided into two major components, ibadat and muamalat. Ibadat means “worship” and consists of the rules applicable to religious rituals such as prayer, fasting, and pilgrimage.  These rules are mandatory, but their implementation is left to the personal decisions of the believers.  Muamalat, on the other hand, means “transactional dealings” and consists of the rules applicable to commercial and other types of relations, such as trade, marriage, and partnerships.  The rules of muamalat constitute a comprehensive legal system whose legal rules can be identified by consulting the writings of the jurists of the relevant school of Islamic legal thought.

Sharia law may vary from one school to another on certain issues. For example, according to the Shiite Jaafari school, the law of inheritance gives the daughters of the deceased parents the right to inherit all non-reserved parts of the estate in the absence of male siblings, while the Sunni schools (Hanafi, Shafii, Maliki, and Hanbali) do not.[3]"

Describe John Adams’ feeling about his life.

Answers

Answer:

The character traits of President John Adams can be described as ambitious, determined, scholarly and volatile. It has been speculated that the Myers-Briggs personality type for John Adams is an ENTP (extroversion, intuition, thinking, perception).Born into a comfortable, but not wealthy, Massachusetts farming family on October 30, 1735, John Adams grew up in the tidy little world of New England village life. His father, a deacon in the Congregational Church, earned a living as a farmer and shoemaker in Braintree, roughly fifteen miles south of Boston.

Answer:

He preferred his life as a farmer.

Explanation:

His legacy was "the danger to American society in 1800 came not from excessive authority but from conflict and anarchy"

explain Gerrymandering in your own words.

Answers

a political group tries to change a voting district to create a result that helps them or hurts the group who is against them

Answer:

Gerrymandering is the strategical separation of district boundaries to benefit one particular political group over the other(mostly in elections)

Explanation: hope that’s good

Please help ASAP (NO LINKS)

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

C .. the attacks on the world trade center and pentagon

hope it is helpful to you

What did Jackson do with the government's money after he ordered that it should no longer be deposited in the second national bank?

Answers

Answer:

Jackson deposited all money of the second National Bank to small state banks.

Explanation:

On 10th September 1833, President Andrew Jackson shut down the Second National Bank of the United States. After shutting down the second National Bank, President deposited all the money into small state banks.

The national bank was shut due to a lack of congressional oversight into financial affairs. He objected that the bank was using unusual political and economic power.

¿Por qué la Ilustración es considerado un movimiento ideológico, racionalista, crítico, filosófico, literario y científico?

Answers

Answer:

Porque este movimiento ha impulsado cambios profundos y significativos en todos estos ámbitos.

Explanation:

Como se dijo anteriormente, la Ilustración fue un movimiento filosófico, aislacional, racionalista, crítico, literario y científico iniciado en Europa que buscó romper con las tradiciones del antiguo régimen en todos los ámbitos sociales, científicos, económicos y artísticos. Promover cambios profundos e imponentes en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad, siendo por tanto un movimiento integral e inclusivo, de amplia disipación a nivel mundial.

ZOHA FATTY cuteee...........​

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Answer:

tuba I love you

Explanation:

please come to me

will name brainliest

Answers

the answer is b: burial places

2. What is the difference between satellite countries and ethnic republics if both were "behind the Iron Curtain?​

Answers

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what style of art emphasizes emotion. feeling. and imagination?
a] realism
b] impressionism
c] cubism
d] romanticism ​

Answers

Answer: d] romanticism

Explanation: This is because a lot of art in this period has loose brushwork and strong color contrasts.

Answer:

b

Explanation:

I need this done today whoever gets this correct gets brainliest!!! PLZZ HELPP MEE!!!
hurryy

Answers

Answer:

FIRST ONE IS WRONG AND THE LAST TWO ARE CORRECT

Explanation:

A+B=90 IS WRONG ITS 180

90+B=180 IS RIGHT BECAUSE ITS 90 + A 90 DEGREE ANGLE

180-B=A IS CORRECT BECAUSE B IS 90 SO 180 - 90 = A. A=90

Pls HELP and it’s not D

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Looks like the only possible answer

B. it’s pretty simple, think about it, if you were king or queen, and someone openly opposed you and you had full authority to do anything to stop it, you’d choose the easy solution and just stop it, that’s what most monarchy’s did to punish their citizens unfortunately
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