When Ф(b)Ф(a) = Ф(ba) , then Ф is an isomorphism G is abelian
Let ϕ:G→H be an isomorphism.
If G is abelian, we have xy = yx , for any x,y ∈ G. Consider any two element in H , say c and d . Since Ф is an isomorphism , we have c = Ф(a) and d = Ф(b) for some a,b ∈ G . Hence,
cd = Ф(a)Ф(b) = (ab) =Ф(ba)
=Ф(b)Ф(a) = dc
This means H is an isomorphism.
If H is abelian, we have xy = yx, for any x,y ∈ H. Now consider two elements in G , say a and b .Since Ф is mapping , we have c = Ф (a) and d = Ф(b) for some c,d ∈ H. Hence ,
Ф(ab) = Ф(a)Ф(b) = cd = dc
= Ф(b)Ф(a) = Ф(ba)
Since, is an isomorphism , we have ab = ba ,
This means G is also abelian
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if you wish to test whether these data are sufficient to indicate that the mean for population 2 is larger than that for population 1, what are the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses? define any symbolys you see
at 0.1 level of significance, we can conclude that these data are sufficient to indicate that the mean for population 2 is larger than that for population 1.
For the null hypothesis
H0: μd ≥ 0
For the alternative hypothesis
H1: μd < 0
The distribution is a students t. Therefore, degree of freedom, df = n - 1 = 10 - 1 = 9
The formula for determining the test statistic is
t = (xd - μd)/(sd/√n)
t = (- 3.7 - 0)/(2.71/√10)
t = - 4.32
We would determine the probability value by using the t test calculator.
p = 0.00097
Since alpha, 0.1 > than the p value, 0.00097, then we would reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, at 0.1 level of significance, we can conclude that these data are sufficient to indicate that the mean for population 2 is larger than that for population 1.
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2. consider the trapezoid in the previous problem. locate the center of mass of the trapezoid. remember to again break the trapezoid into horizontal or vertical strips.
Calculations in mechanics involving masses dispersed in space, such as the linear and angular momentum, benefit from using the centre of mass as a reference point.
The centre of mass of the trapezoid can be found by breaking it into two trapezoids and finding the centre of mass of each. The centre of mass of the first trapezoid is located at (3, 5). The centre of mass of the second trapezoid is located at (9, 5). Therefore, the centre of mass of the trapezoid is located at (6, 5).
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Write the ratio as a fraction in simplest form, with whole numbers in the numerator and denominator.
25:5
Answer:
5
Step-by-step explanation:
25/5 = 5/1 = 5
a business major needs 3 humanities courses to graduate. they can be selected from 29 courses offered. how many ways can the 3 courses be selected?
The number of ways 3 courses can be selected is 3654.
What are the Permutation and Combination?
Permutations and combinations are the various ways in which objects from a set can be selected to form subsets, generally without replacement. When the order of selection is a factor, this selection of subsets is called a permutation; when it is not, it is called a combination.
Total no. of courses available = 29
Courses needed to graduate = 3
No of ways these courses can be selected:
= ²⁹C₃
= 29!/ [(29-3)! - 3!]
= 29! / 26! 3!
= 29 * 28 * 27 * 26!/ 26! 3*2
= 29* 14* 9
= 3654
So, the number of ways 3 courses can be selected is 3654.
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Trapezoid WXYZ is isosceles. Angle WZY measures (8x – 3) and angle XYZ measures (7x + 2). Find the measure of angle WZY.
The measure of angle WZY of the Trapezoid WXYZ is; 37
How to find the angle of the trapezoid?
We are told that the Trapezoid WXYZ is isosceles. This means that there would be two angles that are equal.
Thus, we can see that Side WZ and XY are equal and as such, it means that Angle WZY is congruent to angle XYZ.
We are told Angle WZY measures (8x – 3) and angle XYZ measures (7x + 2). Thus;
(8x – 3) = (7x + 2)
8x - 7x = 2 + 3
x = 5
Thus;
Angle WZY = (8(5) – 3)
Angle WZY = 37°
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The sampling distribution for a goodness of fit test is the a. Poisson distribution b. t distribution c. normal distribution d. chi-square distribution
The sampling distribution for a goodness of fit test is the
d. chi-square distributionWhat is chi-square distribution?A continuous distribution with degrees of freedom is a chi-square distribution. It is used to describe how a sum of squared random variables is distributed.
When comparing categorical variables from a random sample, the statistical test known as chi-square is used to assess the degree of fit between the predicted and actual results.
We can therefore conclude that chi-square distribution is the sampling distribution for a goodness of fit test
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A survey of 34 students at the Wall College of Business showed the following majors:
Accounting 10
Finance 5
Economics 3
Management 6
Marketing 10
Suppose you select a student and observe his or her major.
(a) What is the probability he or she is a management major? (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)
Probability (b) Which concept of probability did you use to make this estimate?
Empirical
Classical
The probability he or she selects a management major is 0.176. This is estimated using empirical probability.
Probability is a branch of mathematics that deals with numerical probabilities of events. It is expressed in a range from 0 to 1, not below or above this range. The probability formula is P(E) = (number of favorable outcomes)÷(total number of outcomes).
a) Here, given the total number of outcomes is 34. The favorable outcome is 6. Therefore, the probability he or she selecting the management major is,
P(E)=6/34=0.176.
b) The empirical probability employs numerous trials to calculate likelihood using real observed frequencies. It is an experimental probability that is based on previous or past data.
In the given question, we used past data to estimate the probability. Therefore, it is empirical.
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an airport escalator is designed to move 42 people, 75 kg each, upward at a constant speed of 0.6 m/s at 45o slope. determine the minimum power input needed to drive this escalator.
The minimum power input needed to drive this escalator is
15.59 kw.
What is escalator?
A moving staircase that transports people between floors of a building or other structure is called an escalator. It is made up of a motor-driven chain of separately linked steps on a track that rotates on two other tracks, keeping them horizontal.
Given:
[tex]N_p = 50\\m_p = 7.5 kg\\V = 0.6m/s\\[/tex]
θ = 45°
Total mass = 50 x 75 = 3750 kg
The energy required = Change in potential energy
ΔE = mg ΔZ
Power = ΔE/t = mg(ΔZ/t)
ΔZ/t = vsinθ = 0.6 sin(45°) = 0.4247
Power = mg x 0.4243 = 3750 x 9.8 / 100 x 0.4243
P = 15.59 kw
Hence, the minimum power input needed to drive this escalator is
15.59 kw.
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Mr. William thi $40 a month for 7 gallon of water Mr. William pay $40 a month for city water, no matter how many gallon or water he ue in a given month. Let x repreent the number of gallon of water ued per month. Let y repreent the monthly cot of the city water in dollar. What i the equation of the line that repreent thi information? What i the lope of the line? ued in the number of gallon of water ued per month
Answer: y = 40, slope is 0, the line is horizontal
Step-by-step explanation:
Express 9 inches of rain in 72 hours as a unit rate
The unit rate of rainfall for 72 hours of rain will be equal to u = 8 inches/hour.
What is an arithmetic operation?The four basic mathematical operations are the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of two or even more integers. Among them is the examination of integers, particularly the order of actions, which is crucial for all other mathematical topics, including algebra, data organization, and geometry.
As per the provided data in the question,
Total time, t = 72 hours and,
The total amount of water in inches, w = 9 inches.
Then unit rate, u will be,
u = 72/9
u = 8 inches/hour.
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(A) Prove that the opposite sides of the rectangle are congruent.
Use Distance Formula: v(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2
(B) Prove the diagonals of your rectangle are congruent.
(C) Using the slopes for each side, prove there are 4 right angles on the rectangle.
**Please Show All Work**
A. Using the distance formula, we can state that the opposite sides are congruent because AD = BC = √10 units and AB = CD = √40 units.
B. The diagonals are equal, AC = BD = √50 units.
C. Based on the slopes of each side, there are 4 right angles on the rectangle.
What is the Distance Formula?The distance formula is used to find the distance that exist between tow points that are on a coordinate plane. The formula is: d = [tex]\sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}[/tex].
What is the Slope of a Line?
Slope = change in y / change in x.
A. The coordinates of each of the vertices of the rectangle are:
A(1, 2)
B(7, 4)
C(8, 1)
D(2, -1)
Use the distance formula to find AB, CD, BC, and AD.
AB = √[(7−1)² + (4−2)²]
AB = √40
CD = √[(2−8)² + (−1−1)²]
CD = √40
BC = √[(8−7)² + (1−4)²]
BC = √10
AD = √[(2−1)² + (−1−2)²]
AD = √10
Therefore, the opposite sides are congruent because AD = BC = √10 units and AB = CD = √40 units.
B. The diagonals are AC and BD. Find their lengths using the distance formula:
AC = √(8−1)² + (1−2)²]
AC = √50 units
BD = √[(2−7)² + (−1−4)²]
BD = √50 units
Therefore, the diagonals are equal, AC = BD = √50 units.
C. Find the slope of AB, CD, BC, and AD:
Slope of AB = change in y / change in x = rise/run = 2/6 = 1/3
Slope of CD = 2/6 = 1/3
Slope of BC = -3/1 = -3
Slope of AD = -3/1 = -3
-3 is the negative reciprocal to 1/3, this means that, if the two lines that meet at a corner have these two slope, then they will form a right angle because they are perpendicular to each other.
Therefore, there are 4 right angles on the rectangle.
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the angle θ is 7.2 degrees, and the circle arc s is 800 km. knowing that there are 360 degrees in a full circle what is the circumference of the surface of the earth? round to the closest 10,000 km. please explain how you came about your final solution.
The earth is 40000 kilometers around. There is no need to round off because the circumference already contains significant figures.
How do I calculate a circle's circumference?
A circle's diameter is multiplied by to determine its circumference (pi). You can also determine the circumference by multiplying 2radius by pi (=3.14).
Given: theta angle (central) = 7.2°; arc length S = 800 km
This indicates that an 800 km long arc is extending a circle with a 7.2° center angle ( earth in this case).
By definition, "An arc's length is a portion of a circle's diameter."
Therefore, we must first establish what percentage of the circle the specified arc length represents.
360° is a complete circle.
Thus, the fraction equals 7.2°/360°, or 1/50.
As a result, the stated arc length (800km) with a 7.2° central angle is 1/50th of the entire circle.
Thus, the whole circumference is 800 x 50, or 40000 km.
Alternately, you can calculate circumference using the formula below:
360° center angle x arc length as the circumference (theta)
Values substituted: circumference 800 = 360° 7.2°
circumference = 360°, 800°, and 7.2°, or 40000 kilometers
Therefore, the earth is 40000 kilometers around. There is no need to round off because the circumference already contains significant figures.
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Brawdy Plastics, Inc. produces plastic seat belt retainers for General Motors at their plant in Buffalo, New York. After final assembly and painting, the parts are placed on a conveyor belt that moves the parts past a final inspection station. How fast the parts move past the final inspection station depends upon the line speed of the conveyor belt (feet per minute). Although faster line speeds are desirable, management is concerned that increasing the line speed too much may not provide enough time for inspectors to identify which parts are actually defective. To test this theory, Brawdy Plastics conducted an experiment in which the same batch of parts, with a known number of defective parts, was inspected using a variety of line speeds. The following data were collected. If required, enter negative values as negative numbers.
a. Select a scatter diagram with the line speed as the independent variable.
b. What does the scatter diagram developed in part (a) indicate about the relationship between the two variables?
c. Use the least squares method to develop the estimated regression equation (to 1 decimal). = + x d. Predict the number of defective parts found for a line speed of 25 feet per minute.
a) scatter diagram made using the provided data is attached.
b) According to the scatter diagram, the number of defective parts discovered rises with line speed.
c) Y = 27.5 - 0.3 X is the regression model.
What does statistics mean in plain English? a field of mathematics concerned with the gathering, examination, presentation, and interpretation of vast amounts of numerical data. a compilation of numerical data
20 faulty pieces are anticipated to be present when the line speed is 25 feet per minute.
Detailed explanation:
The given information is displayed as follows:
Line Speed; 20, 20, 30, 30, 40, 40, 50, 50
Number of Defective; 23, 21, 19, 16, 15, 17, 14, 11
Parts located
a. The scatter diagram made with Microsoft Excel is attached.
b. The scatter figure appears to show a relationship between increased line speed and the quantity of detected defective parts.
c. The following equation is given for linear regression using the least squares approach;
Y = a + b·X
Where;
b= N∑XY - (∑X)(∑Y)/N∑X^2 - (∑X)^2
a= ∑Y - b∑X / N
We have data from Microsoft Excel;
∑X = 280, ∑Y = 136, ∑X² = 10,800, ∑XY = 4,460, (∑X)² = 78,400, N = 8
By entering the values, we obtain;
b = (8×4,460 - 280×136)/(8×10,800 - 78,400) = -0.3
a = (136 - (-0.3)×280)/8 = 27.5
As a result, we have the following linear regression;
Y = 27.5 - 0.3·X
Consequently, we have when the line speed is 25 feet per minute;
Y = 27.5 - 0.3 × 25 = 20
When the line speed is 25 feet per minute, Y = 20 faulty components should be expected to be identified.
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Model Real Life 212 students and
89 teachers are attending a leadership
conference. Each table can seat
16 people. Only one table does not
have 16 people seated. What fraction
of the table is full?
The fraction of table filled is 285/301 or in decimal as 0.946
What is FractionsFractions are expressed in mathematics as a number value that defines a part of a whole or group of objects. Fraction is a component or sector of a given quantity taken from the whole, which might be a number, a specified value, or an item.
In a given fraction, the value on the top is called the numerator, while the value on the bottom is known as the denominator. The numerator defines the number of equal parts taken, whereas the denominator defines the total number of equal parts in a whole.
In this question, we have to add the total number of attendees first
212 + 89 = 301
But each seat except 1 is filled by 16 people
Let's subtract 16 from the total number
301 - 16 = 285
The fraction of table filled is 285 ÷ 301 = 285/301 = 0.946
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what is the equation based on the focus and vertex
Check the picture below, so the parabola looks more or less like so.
keeping in mind the vertex is always half-way between the focus point and the directrix, let's also notice the "p" distance.
[tex]\textit{vertical parabola vertex form with focus point distance} \\\\ 4p(y- k)=(x- h)^2 \qquad \begin{cases} \stackrel{vertex}{(h,k)}\qquad \stackrel{focus~point}{(h,k+p)}\qquad \stackrel{directrix}{y=k-p}\\\\ p=\textit{distance from vertex to }\\ \qquad \textit{ focus or directrix}\\\\ \stackrel{"p"~is~negative}{op ens~\cap}\qquad \stackrel{"p"~is~positive}{op ens~\cup} \end{cases} \\\\[-0.35em] ~\dotfill[/tex]
[tex]\begin{cases} h=-4\\ k=2\\ p=-1 \end{cases}\implies 4(-1)(y-2)=( ~~ x-(-4) ~~ )^2\implies -4(y-2)=(x+4)^2 \\\\\\ y-2=-\cfrac{1}{4}(x+4)^2\implies {\Large \begin{array}{llll} y=-\cfrac{1}{4}(x+4)^2 + 2 \end{array}}[/tex]
find the margin of error of a poll, assuming 95% confidence, a population proportion of 0.360, and sample size n
False, the margin of error of a poll, assuming 95% confidence's measure of an estimate's accuracy.
A measure of an estimate's accuracy that also accounts for the variability of the sampling technique used to produce the estimate is the margin of error of a confidence interval. It doesn't directly take into account sample process bias.
Bias is the term for deliberate mistakes made during the planning or execution of a study that produce outcomes that are not accurate representations of the real population under investigation. Although it is not a precise indicator of bias, bias can have an impact on the margin of error if it causes the sampling technique to be more variable.
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Guide
A chemist mixes Chemical A and Chemical B to make a solution. She uses the same ratio of chemicals for each batch she
makes.
Drag numbers to complete the table.
?
4
6
12
Chemical A (ML) Chemical B (mL)
3
36
48
84
36
96
108
132
168
7
9
When chemist mixes Chemical A and Chemical B to make a solution
Part A
When the quantity of chemical B = 48 ml, then the quantity of chemical A = 4 ml
Part B
When the quantity of chemical A = 9 ml, then the quantity of chemical B = 108 ml
A chemist mixes Chemical A and Chemical B to make a solution
She uses the same ratio of chemicals for each batch
The solution A and B are in linear relationship
y = kx
Where y is the quantity of chemical A
x is the quantity of chemical B
k is the constant
Substitute the values in the table and find k
36 = k × 3
k = 36 /3
k = 12
Part A
When chemical B = 48 ml
48 = 12 × x
x = 48 / 12
x = 4 ml
Part B
When chemical A = 9 ml
y = 12 × 9
y = 108 ml
Therefore, when Chemical B = 48 ml, chemical B is 4ml . When chemical A = 9 ml, Chemical B = 108 ml
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What is the slope of the line in this graph?
Answer:
it is b 5/7
Step-by-step explanation:
bc you rise 5 and run 7
hope this helps
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two times a number is divided by 3 more than the number. if the result is 7, then what was the original number?
The original number is -21/5 or -4.2 which is divided by 3 more than the number.
What is an equation?In mathematics, an equation is a statement or formula which shows two expressions having equal value and connected by an equal sign. The two expressions consist of variables and/or numbers.
For solving the question we have to form an equation.Let the number be 'x' Two times the number = 2x3 more than the number = x + 3
According to the question,two times a number is divided by 3 more than the number is equal to 7 which means 2x / (x+3) = 7
By applying cross multiplication,2x = 7 × ( x+3)2x
= 7x + 7×32x
= 7x + 212x - 7x
= 21-5x = 21x = 21/ (-5)x
= -4.2
Hence the original number is -4.2
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I WILL OPEN MY ALT AND ANSWER AND GIVE YOU A BRINLIST OPEN IF YOU SHOWED YOUR WORK!!! OPEN THE IMAGE
Answer:
x = 0
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Distribute
2. Add the numbers
3. Rearrange terms
4. Subtract 19 from both sides
5. Simplify
6. Add 5x to both sides
7. Simplify
8. Divide both sides by the same factor
9. Simplify
May I have Brainliest please? My next rank will be the highest one: A GENIUS! Please help me on this journey to become top of the ranks! I only need 9 more brainliest to become a genius! I would really appreciate it, and it would make my day! Thank you so much, and have a wonderful rest of your day!
WWWWWWWWWWW HIM UPPER GUY BRAINLIST RN
Step-by-step explanation:
Find the two whole numbers that are the closest to square root 42. Explain your reasoning.
Answer: 6 and 7
Step-by-step explanation:
Find the square root of 42 = 6.48
Closest whole numbers to 6.48 are 6 and 7
find the perimeter of the window to the nearest hundredth
The perimeter of the window to the nearest hundredth will be;
⇒ 102.8 cm
What is Circle?
The circle is a closed two dimensional figure , in which the set of all points is equidistance from the center.
Given that;
The shape of window is semicircle.
And, The radius of window (r) = 20 cm
Now,
We know that;
The perimeter of semicircle = πr + 2r
Here, The radius of window (r) = 20 cm
So, We get;
The perimeter of the window = πr + 2r
= 3.14 x 20 + 2 x 20
= 62.8 + 40
= 102.8 cm
Thus, The perimeter of the window to the nearest hundredth will be;
⇒ 102.8 cm
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Which correctly shows how to use the gcf and the distributive property to find an expression equivalent to ?.
The correct option B. 9(5 + 8) ; is the equivalent expression to 45 + 72 using the GCF and the distributive property.
Explain the distributive property?The distributive property states that multiplying the sum of 2 or more operand by a number yields the same outcome as multiplying each addend separately by the number and combining the resulting products.A mathematical statement made up of variables, constants, and mathematical operators is called an expression.
The formula is 45 + 72.
45 and 72 divided by one is three and nine.
The GCF is nine.
The largest number that evenly divides two or even more given numbers is known as the greatest common factor.
You can write the phrase as,
9 ( 5 + 8)
45 +72 = 9 ( 5 + 8)
Thus, the Distributive property was used to factor this.
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The correct question is-
Which correctly shows how to use the GCF and the distributive property to find an expression equivalent to 45 + 72?
A. 3(15 + 24)
B. 9(5 + 8)
C. (5)(9) + (2)(36)
D. (3)(15) + (8)(9)
243 divided by 15 and I need to show my work
Answer:
16.2
Step-by-step explanation:
use long division so:
consider the experiment of tossing a fair coin 7 times. find the probability of getting a prime number of heads given that heads occurs on at least 6 of the tosses
The probability of getting a prime number of heads given that heads occurs on at least 6 of the tosses is 0.0078
The number of observations n is 7
Here the success is heads
The probability of heads is 1/2
We need to find the the probability of getting a prime number of heads.
Heads occurs on at least 6 of the tosses
prime number greater than equal to 6 and less than equal to 7 is 7
So, X = 7
P(X = 7) = 7C7(1/2)⁷(1/2)⁰
P(X = 7) = 1 x (1/2)⁷ x
P(X =7 ) = 1/128
= 0.0078
Therefore, the probability of getting a prime number of heads given that heads occurs on at least 6 of the tosses is 0.0078
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For the function ƒ(x) = 5 (x³ – 6), find ƒ−¹(x).
○ ƒ˜¹(x) = (²16) ³
○ f−¹(x) = 2³+6
○ ƒ˜¹(x) = ( ² + 6) ³
○ ƒ−¹(x) = (x+6)³
5
Submit Answer
you have 700 ft of fencing to make a pen for hogs. if you have a river on one side of your property, what are the dimensions (in ft) of the rectangular pen that maximiz
The dimension of the rectangular pen that maximizes the area is 61,250ft.
What is a dimension?
Something's size, including its breadth, height, and depth: She took exact measurements of the room's dimensions in one direction, like the distance from the ceiling to the floor. The room was surprisingly small, in terms of length, width, and height.
Here, we have
L+2W = 700
Area = A= LW = (700-2W)W = 700W -2W²
Take the derivative, set it equal to zero, and solve for W
-4W + 700 = 0
W = 175 feet
L = 700-2(175) = 350 feet
350 by 175 ft maximizes area = 61,250 square feet
Hence, the dimension of the rectangular pen that maximizes the area is 61,250ft.
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30 points Please get it Right lol
Graph the piecewise function.
Answer:
see attached
Step-by-step explanation:
You want a graph of the piecewise function ...
[tex]f(x)=\begin{cases}x&\text{if $x\le -1$}\\-3x+2&\text{if $-1 < x < 4$}\\4&\text{if $x\ge 4$}\end{cases}[/tex]
GraphThe graph is attached.
For x ≤ -1, the graph is a line with slope 1. If it were allowed to continue, it would pass through the origin. It terminates in a closed dot at (-1, -1)
For -1 < x < 4, the graph is a line with slope -3 through point (0, 2) on the y-axis. It has open circles at both ends, at points (-1, 5) and (4, -10).
For x ≥ 4, the line is horizontal at y=4. It has a closed dot at (4, 4).
__
Additional comment
The dot at the end of an interval is closed if the "or equal to" case is included (≤ or ≥). If it is not (< or >), then the dot is an open circle.
The slope is the ratio of "rise" to "run". It is the number of grid squares the line moves up (+) or down (-) for each grid square to the right.
ERROR ANALYSIS Describe and correct the error ir
solving for one of the variables in the linear system
The first set of steps solving 5x-y = 4 to get y = 5x-4 is correct.
The second set of steps are incorrect since it involves circular logic. Notice we're plugging y = 5x-4 back into the original equation we just solved. It would be like plugging an extension cord into itself, and somehow expecting electricity to magically come out of nowhere.
Instead we should plug that y expression into the first equation and solve for x like so:
8x+2y = -12
8x+2(5x-4) = -12
8x+10x-8 = -12
18x-8 = -12
18x = -12+8
18x = -4
x = -4/18
x = -2/9
Then we use this to find the value of y.
y = 5x-4
y = 5(-2/9)-4
y = -10/9-4
y = -10/9 - 36/9
y = (-10-36)/9
y = -46/9
In summary we have the solution (x,y) = ( -2/9, -46/9 )
To determine how American college students feel about commuting, 100 students at a private university were randomly chosen by selecting 50 men and 50 women to participate. They were asked how far they commute each day (in minutes) to campus.
The results of this survey are unreliable primarily because of
voluntary response bias
sampling bias
the absence of a control group
response bias
None of the above
The key reason why this investigation's findings are erroneous is sampling bias. In statistics, sampling bias refers to a bias during which a sample is constructed in a way that makes some members of the intended population less likely than others to be included.
A private university's 100 students, 50 men, and 50 women were randomly chosen to participate in a study on how American college students felt about commuting. They were questioned about their daily commuting distance (in minutes) to college. The key reason why this investigation's findings are erroneous is sampling bias.
When certain individuals of a population are consistently more likely to be chosen in a sample than others, this is known as sampling bias. In the medical sciences, it is also known as ascertainment bias. Because sampling bias jeopardizes external validity, particularly population validity, it restricts the generalizability of findings.
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