Answer:
a. Chi-Square Value = 0.12
b. Degrees of freedom = 1
c. Reject or fail to reject the hypothesis = fail to reject the hypothesis
Explanation:
Available data:
Cross: long wings to flies with mutant, dumpy wingsF1) 100% long-winged fliesF2) 672 long-winged flies 218 dumpy-winged flies Hypothesis: the dumpy wing is inherited as a recessive traitLet us name the allele for Long L and the allele for dumpy l
The number of observed individuals:
Total number: 890 flies (672 + 218) Long-winged = 672 Dump-winged = 218In the F2 generation, if l was a recessive allele and L a dominant allele, exhibiting complete dominance, we would expect a 3:1 phenotypic ratio.
Cross: Ll x Ll
Gametes) L l L l
Punnett square) L l
L LL Ll
l lL ll
F2) 3/4 LL + Ll long-winged individuals
1/4 ll dump-winged individuals
From this ratio and the total number of individuals in the F2 generation, we can get the expected number of individuals:
4 possible genotypes ------- 890 individuals
3 LL + Ll genotype ------------X = 667.5 long-winged individuals
1 ll genotype ---------------------X = 222.5 dump-winged individuals
Chi square = ∑ (O-E)²/E
LL + Ll = (O-E)² /E
LL+ Ll = (672 - 667.5) ² / 667.5
LL + Ll = 0.03
ll= (O-E)²/E
ll= (218 - 222.5)² / 222.5
ll= 0.09
Chi square= ∑ ((O-E)²/E) = 0.03 + 0.09 = 0.12 Freedom Degrees = genotypes - alleles = 3 - 2 = 1 Significance level = 0.05 Table value/Critical value = 3.84
0.12 < 3.84 meaning that there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
Fail to reject the hypothesis. The genotypes in the population might be in equilibrium H-W. L is the dominant allele, and l is the recessive allele. The dumpy wing is inherited as a recessive trait.
How do T cells coordinate the immune system?
Answer: Helper T cells, or Th cells, coordinate immune responses by communicating with other cells. In most cases, T cells only recognize an antigen if it is carried on the surface of a cell by one of the body's own MHC, or major histocompatibility complex, molecules.
Explanation:
Answer:
T cells identify pathogens based on antigens on the surface of pathogens. The T cells then multiply and stimulate B cells to produce antibodies. The antibodies attach to the antigens, making the pathogens a target for phagocytes.
Explanation: sample response
HI
help plz
A number of studies are carried out in order to verify if there is a relation between the death rate by cardiac diseases ánd the cholesterol level in the blood.The results are shoen in the adjacent graph..
1) explain the relation between the level of blood cholesterol and the risk of cardiac accident
2) firmulate the hypothesis tested in this study
3) what do you conclude concerning the formulated hypothesis?
Answer:
The correct answer is :
1. increase in cholesterol level leads to more death due to cardiac disease.
2. Hypothesis: "if the cholesterol level is high in an individual, then the risk of death due to cardiac disease is high"
3. Everyone should limit or control their cholesterol level to avoid cardiac disease or it might be lethal.
Explanation:
In this graph, it is represented that there is an increase in the deaths due to cardiac disease with the increase in the cholesterol in the body. The death increase slowly up to 2.5 gL and after that, there is a huge spike in death, which explains that the higher the cholesterol level higher the chances or risk of death due to cardiac disease.
Hypothesis: "if the cholesterol level is high in an individual, then the risk of death due to cardiac disease is high"
On the basis of this one should control its body cholesterol to avoid the chances of cardiac disease as it may lead to death.
assume that an orbit of a skull was damaged in an accident which bones of a skull might need to be considered for reconstruction in an orbital surgery?
Explanation:
Orbital injuries are normal but difficult to treat. The dorsal, lacrimal, superior and smaller sides of the sphenoid, and patella bones are called the bony sphere. The ethmoid, prefrontal, and maxillary bones serve as suspension systems for the ear sphere and are directly connected to sinus.
4. Do you think that adding more enzymes to a solution would increase the rate of reaction? Why or why not?
Answer:
By increasing the enzyme concentration, the maximum reaction rate greatly increases. Conclusions: The rate of a chemical reaction increases as the substrate concentration increases. Enzymes can greatly speed up the rate of a reaction.
How does artificial selection cause rapid changes in the phenotypes of organisms?
A.By selecting dominant genotypes
B.By changing the number of
chromosomes
C.By changing the frequency of alleles and
selecting new combinations of traits
D.By stimulating the species to increase
the production of new mutants
Answer: A. By selecting dominant genotypes
Explanation:
Artificial selection or selective breeding can be defined as the induced breeding process in which humans select parents of plants and animals that have desired traits that are beneficial for them to produce offspring that have characteristics of both parents and they are of improved yield and quality. This brings the change in the phenotypes of the offspring as compared to the parents. As the passage of dominant desirable traits in the genotype from either of the parent when gets expressed then the phenotype of the organism also change.
Yeasts are single-celled eukaryotic organisms. Yeasts undergo mitotic division when conditions are favorable. When limited nutrients are available, yeasts start dividing by the process of meiosis.
What is a likely reason for the change from mitosis to meiosis during reproduction under these conditions?
The process of meiosis produces greater numbers of yeast cells at a faster rate as compared to mitosis.
Crossing over of genes during meiosis increases diversity and the chance of survival of the next generation.
Duplication of genes during meiosis ensures efficient functioning of the newly formed yeast cells.
The yeast cells formed by meiosis are able to adapt as well as the parent cell because they are identical.
Yeasts change from mitotic to meiotic division when conditions are unfavorable because meiosis increases genetic diversity and improves their chances of survival in unfavorable conditions.
During meiosis, crossing over of genetic materials between non-homologous chromosomes creates genetic recombination and makes the resulting offspring to be genetically more diverse than their parents.
The increased genetic diversity will increase the chances of survival of the offspring in a constantly changing environment. In other words, the more genetically diverse a population is, the more their chances of surviving adverse environmental conditions.
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Can someone please tell me which ones I am getting wrong? (my answers in parentheses)
Read the statements and decide if it applies to RNA, DNA, or both:
1. Has both purines & pyrimidine (Both)
2. Contains Ribose (RNA)
3. Has negatively charged phosphate groups (Both)
4. Contains hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases (DNA)
5. The monomer is a nucleotide (DNA)
6. Composed of CHONP (? Both)
7. Contain the Uracil nitrogen base (RNA)
Answer:
5 is both RNA and DNA....they are building blocks are nuclotides because they are both Nucleic Acids
California condors (Gymnogyps californianus) are listed on the IUCN Red List as being critically endangered. Since 2003, the California Condor Recovery Program has been reporting their demographic data. In 2012 they estimated the number of individuals living in the wild to be 235. If their intrinsic rate of natural increase is 0.089 ind/year, predict the size of the California condor population in 2022.
Answer:
≈ 572
Explanation:
Predict the size of the California condor in 2022
we can predict this value with this relation below
Nt = No*e^(rt) --- ( 1 )
where ; Nt = Future population , No = initial population, r = intrinsic rate of increase , t = time
No = 235
r = 0.089
t = 2022 - 2012 = 10
Insert values into equation 1
Nt = 235 * e^( 0.089 * 10 )
= 235 * e^0.89
≈ 572
Therefore the size of the California condor population in 2022 ≈ 572
Which type of reproductive isolation occurs when there are differences in the size or shape of reproductive parts and may prevent interbreeding
Temporal isolation, in biology, a type of reproductive isolation mechanism among sexual organisms in which the differences in the timing of critical reproductive events prevent members of closely related species, which could otherwise breed with one another, from mating and producing hybrid offspring.
A prezygotic barrier called temporal isolation promotes speciation, or the creation of new species. Isolation on account of geography, reproduction, or behavior are other prezygotic obstacles.
What reproductive isolation occurs in temporal isolation?A reproductive isolation process known as temporal isolation prevents members of closely related species from mating and producing hybrid offspring.
Temporal isolation occurs when essential reproductive activities occur at different times in sexual organisms.
When two or more species reproduce at different times, this is known as temporal isolation. For instance, three different orchid species might be found in the same rain forest.
Therefore, Each species possesses one-day-only blooms that need to be pollinated on that day in order to produce seeds.
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Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a human genetic disorder known to be caused by a recessive allele. A couple plans to marry and wants to know the probability that they will have an affected child.
In the following scenarios, use your knowledge of Mendelian inheritance to give the families the probabilities of having a child with SCA.
The man and woman do not have SCA. However, each has one parent with the disorder.
The man is affected by the disorder.
The woman has no family history of SCA.
Answer:
25% probability of the child to be affected. 0% chances to be affected.Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files
The probability of having a child having sickle cell anemia can be obtained form Mendelian genetics.
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a human genetic disorder that causes the red blood cells to be sickle shaped leading to the clotting of blood in the sufferers and frequent health crisis.
If one parents do not have the disorder but each has one parent that has the disorder, then it follows that each parent has the recessive allele and there is a 25% percent chance that their child could have the disorder.
If the man is affected by the disorder and the woman has no family history of the disorder, then there is a zero percent chance of having a child with the disorder.
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What methods are used
to classify living things
Into groups?
Explanation:
We can classify living things on these things:-
1) If they can carry out processes like respiration, ingestion.
2) If they move on their own
3) if they can talk
THIS WAS A FAIRLY SIMPLE QUESTION!
Turtles and leopards all have four limbs and an amnion. True The common ancestor of lamprey and lancelets had a vertebral column. False In this tree, frogs are the sister taxon of turtles and leopards. False Leopards and bass are more closely related than turtles and bass. False The taxon that shares the most recent common ancestor with frogs is the bass. True Leopards and lancelets have no common ancestor. False
Answer:
Explanation:
The objective is to conclude if the statements are true or false based on facts.
1)[tex]\text{ Turtles and leopards all have four limbs and an amnion. }[/tex] True
2) [tex]\text{The common ancestor of lamprey and lancelets had a vertebral column. }[/tex] False
This is because their ancestor is a Chordate who doesn't have a vertebral column but a notochord.
3) True
[tex]\text{Frogs are the sister taxa of turtles and leopards because they are more }[/tex]
[tex]\text{related to a common ancestor.}[/tex]
4) [tex]\text{Leopards and bass are more closely related than turtles and bass}[/tex] False
This is because the bass is a fish that possess some characteristics traits related to an amphibian (turtle) as compared to a mammal(leopard).
5) [tex]\text{The taxon that shares the most recent common ancestor with frogs is the bass.}[/tex] False
The taxa of turtles share a more common ancestor with frogs compared to bass.
6) [tex]\text{Leopards and lancelets have no common ancestor. }[/tex] False
The common distant ancestor for leopards and lancelets is known as Chordates
346 56
70 86 90 10
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
236
240 250 260 270 280 290 300
QUESTION 17
Item A
" "Item B
DARK CHOCOLATE NUTS & SEA SALT
DARK CHOCOLATE CHUNK
Nutrition
Facts
Serving size
1 bar (409)
Calories 200 Sodium 140mg
ArtServing Daily Value Angerving Daily Value
Total Fat 159 19% Total Carb. 169 696
Sat. Fat 39
15% Fiber 79
25%
Trans Fat og
Total Sugars 59
Polyunsaturated Fat 3.59 nd. 4g of Added Sugars 896
Monounsaturated Fat 89 Sugar Alcohol og
Cholesterol Omg 0% Protein 69
6%
Vitamin D 0% Calcium 4% Iron 6%. Potassium 4%
Daily Value Amount/Serving
Nutrition
Daily Value
Total Fat 5g
Facts
6% Total Carb. 239
8%
Sat. Fat 1.59 8%
Dietary Fibor 29 7%
Serving size Trans Fat og
Polyunsaturated Fat 19
Total Sugars 89
1 bar (359)
Monounsaturated Fat 2.59
Ind. 89 Added Sugars 10%
Cholesterol 0mg 0% Sugar Alcohol og
3% Protein 2g
Vitamin D 0% Calcium 2% • Iron 6%. Potassium 2%
Calories 150 Sodium 65mg
INGREDIENTS: Almonds, peanuts, chicory root
fiber, honey, palm kernel oil, sugar, glucose syrup.
rice flour, unsweetened chocolate, cocoa powder,
sea salt, soy lecithin, natural flavor, cocoa butter.
INGREDIENTS: Oats, cane sugar, semi-sweet chocolate (sugar, chocolate
liquor, cocoa butter, soy lecithin, vanilla extract), canola oil, tapioca syrup,
brown rice, millet, honey, coconut, buckwheat, amaranth, molasses,
brown rice flour, oat flour, gum acacia, quinoa, sea salt, brown rice syrup.
vanilla extract, Vitamin E (tocopherols to maintain freshness).
KIND
AUTY PRE
Allergen Information: Contains almonds, peanuts
and soy.
Made in a facility that processes tree nuts and
sesame seeds.
May contain nut shell fragments.
KIND Pacetate Chunk
HEALTHGRANS SRL
Allergen Information:
Contains coconut and soy.
Made in a facility that process.
es peanuts, tree nuts and
sesame seeds
+
SITE
If someone were to ask you which one they should consume as a snack, which would you choose? Justify your answer using information
provided from the labels.
Answer:
i dont know what this is sorry
Explanation:
Answer:
im srry love i dont know it too long
Explanation:
Organisms are named and classified based on physical characteristics in
•evolutionary trees
•Linnaeus taxonomy
•molecular clocks
•Freudian clads
Answer:
Linnaeus taxonomy
Explanation:
organisms are named and classified based on physical characteristics in linnaean taxonomy Which of the following is the most abundant group of organisms on Earth.
The water vascular system of echinoderms (A) functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells. (B) functions in locomotion and feeding. (C) is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical. (D) moves water through the animal’s body during filter feeding. 4. Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is correct? (A) Echinodermata—radial symmetry as a larva, coelom (B) Nematoda—roundworms, internal skeleton (C) Platyhelminthes—flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, no body cavity (D) Porifera—gastrovascular cavity, coelom
Answer:
The water vascular system of echinoderms (B) functions in locomotion and feeding.
Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is correct? (C) Platyhelminthes—flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, no body cavity
Explanation:
Echinoderms are marine animals. They have a water vascular system that make them able to move (locomation), respiration and food and waste transportation. This system is full of different canal along the body.
Echinodermata has not a radial symmetry as a larva, in fact it has a bilateral symmetry and coelom present. When it comes to Nematoda, they are roundworms and have a pseudocoelomate. Finally, porifera has a gastrovascular cavity and no coelom.
plzz help me to do this please
Answer:
idek
Explanation:
Which natural material is most often used to make paper?
Will give BRAINLY
Answer:
I believe that A Wood is correct
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP!!
Which of the following is most likely to cause the extinction of a species?
O A. genetic variation
O B. mutation
O C. natural selection
O D. a changing environment
Answer:
changing environment
Explanation:
If the species fails to adapt, it will die off.
please helppp
A heterozygous female with long whiskers mates with a heterozygous male with long
whiskers... W=long whiskers w=short whiskers
What is the PHENOTYPIC RATIO of the offsprings?
Answer:
3 long whiskers: 1 short whiskers
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for whiskers length in a certain animal. The allele for long whiskers (W) is dominant over the allele for short whiskers (w). This means that a heterozygous individual (Ww) will possess a long whisker.
According to this question, a heterozygous female with long whiskers (Ww) mates with a heterozygous male with long whiskers (Ww). The proportion of offsprings that will be produced from this cross (see punnet square) is as follows:
WW, Ww, Ww, ww
WW, Ww, Ww offsprings will possess a long whisker while 'ww' offspring will possess a short whisker. Hence, the phenotypic ratio will be 3 long whiskers: 1 short whiskers
Check all that apply regarding the hypothalamus. Check All That Apply Responds to changes in ambient temperatureResponds to changes in ambient temperature Regulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormoneRegulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone Regulates sleep and wakefulnessRegulates sleep and wakefulness Evokes nausea during anxietyEvokes nausea during anxiety Secretes the hormone melatoninSecretes the hormone melatonin Relays sensory information to the cerebrumRelays sensory information to the cerebrum
Answer:
I. Responds to changes in ambient temperature.
II. Regulates sleep and wakefulness.
III. Regulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone.
IV. Evokes nausea during anxiety.
Explanation:
Hypothalamus can be defined as a small portion of the mammalian brain responsible for the secretion of hormones through the stimulation of the pituitary gland.
It is located between the midbrain and the thalamus. Also, hypothalamus is the most inferior portion in the diencephalon of the forebrain.
Basically, hypothalamus is the most important portion of the brain in vertebrates that controls various bodily functions.
The functions of the hypothalamus includes;
I. Responds to changes in ambient temperature.
II. Regulates sleep and wakefulness.
III. Regulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone.
IV. Evokes nausea during anxiety.
What does measles cause by
Answer:Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat mucus of an infected person. It can spread to others through coughing and sneezing. If other people breathe the contaminated air or touch the infected surface, then touch their eyes, noses, or mouths, they can become infected.Measles is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family and it is normally passed through direct contact and through the air. The virus infects the respiratory tract, then spreads throughout the body. Measles is a human disease and is not known to occur in animals.
It usually begins as flat red spots that appear on the face at the hairline and spread downward to the neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet. Small raised bumps may also appear on top of the flat red spots. The spots may become joined together as they spread from the head to the rest of the body.
Explanation:
Answer: GoodMorning: ) ✨ Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat mucus of an infected person. It can spread to others through coughing and sneezing. If other people breathe the contaminated air or touch the infected surface, then touch their eyes, noses, or mouths, they can become infected.Measles is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family and it is normally passed through direct contact and through the air. The virus infects the respiratory tract, then spreads throughout the body. Measles is a human disease and is not known to occur in animals.
It usually begins as flat red spots that appear on the face at the hairline and spread downward to the neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet. Small raised bumps may also appear on top of the flat red spots. The spots may become joined together as they spread from the head to the rest of the body.
Have a Nice Day/Night <3 .
Which of the following take place in the
mitochondria? Select all that apply.
glycolysis
citric acid cycle
electron transport chain
oxidative phosphorylation
Answer:
D
Explanation:
When performing low-intensity activities, the oxidative system uses fats as a substrate to produce ATP. Thus, option D is correct.
What is the significance of oxidative phosphorylation?The majority of the ATP required for higher animals and plants to sustain life is produced by oxidative phosphorylation, which is also in charge of establishing and preserving metabolic equilibrium.
The last phase of aerobic cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation. The production of many ATP molecules is the primary goal of oxidative phosphorylation.
The energy system that largely supports prolonged, low-intensity exercise is sometimes referred to as the aerobic system. By boosting oxygen availability and enhancing our capacity to metabolize fat for energy, it supports this kind of exercise.
Therefore, oxidative phosphorylation take place in mitochondria.
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Which of the following BEST describes the difference between the functions of nucleic acids and enzymes? (A) Nucleic acids inhibit biochemical reactions, while enzymes provide structural support in cells.
B) Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions
C) Nucleic acids are used as the building blocks of proteins, while enzymes are used as the building blocks of phospholipids
D) Nucleic acids transmit signals that begin biochemical processes, while enzymes convert carbohydrates into lipids and proteins
Answer:
B) Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions
The correct option is, (B) Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions.
Which of the following best describes the difference between functions of nucleic acids and enzymes?Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions. Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions.What is the main difference between nucleic acid and protein structure?Amino acids and nucleic acids are two categories of crucial macromolecules in the cell. The primary distinction between amino acid and nucleic acid is that amino acid is a monomer and is used to construct proteins, whereas nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides that stores genetic information of a cell.What is the difference between nucleic acid and?Nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function. The well-known structure of the DNA double helix allows this information to be copied and passed on to the next generation.How the functions of proteins differ from the functions of nucleic acids?Nucleic acid plays a crucial role in the storage, transmission, and utilization of the information required for life's operations. Amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein and necessary for life, are present.
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What is the difference between learned behavior and an inherited behavior?
Answer:
Learned behavior is a trait that something learned to do, like how to read or ride a bike. Inherited behavior is instictual and naturally comes to an organism at birth, like sleeping or eating.
The stamen relates to ______________ by producing pollen
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
transpiration
growth
reproduction
Answer:
reproduction
I am typing this part because it wouldn't let me submit because I didn't have enough written
Why is parthenogenesis considered an adaptation?
If dylan which has AB- has kids with O blood, could they have a child with O blood. Explain..
Answer:
They could not have O blood because blood types A and B are dominant and O blood is recessive. The only way They could have a child with type O blood is if Dylan was a carrier.
Explanation:
Punnet squares!
In your own words, how would you describe Heredity in one sentence?
Answer: The passing on of traits and physical features from parents to children.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! Have a good day! :)
What% of DNA does a clone share with it's parent?
Answer: if its anasexual its 75%-100 if its a sexual its at a minimum of 50-25%
Explanation:
what are the causes of biodiversity loss????