If two genes are found on different chromosomes, or if they are far enough apart on the same chromosome that the chance of a crossover between them is very high, the genes are considered to be unlinked. Unlinked genes follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment. If, however, two genes tend to "travel together" because they are near one another on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked. Linked genes do not follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment. In this tutorial, you will compare the inheritance patterns of unlinked and linked genes.
Part A - Independent assortment of three genes
A wild-type tomato plant (Plant 1) is homozygous dominant for three traits: solid leaves (MM), normal height (DD), and smooth skin (PP).
Another tomato plant (Plant 2) is homozygous recessive for the same three traits: mottled leaves (mm), dwarf height (dd), and peach skin (pp)
Leaves Height Fruit Plant 1 solid normal Smooth (PP) (MM) (DD) Plant 2 mottled (mm) dwarf peach (Pp) (dd)
In a cross between these two plants (ADOPPx mmddpp), all offspring in the F, generasion are wild type and heterozygous for all three traits (AmDdPp)
Now suppose you perform a testcross on one of the F, plants (mOoPpx mmodpp). The F, generation can include piants with these eight possible phanotypes
a) solid normal, smooth
b) solid norma peach
c) solid dwarf smoom
d) solid dvarf, peach
a) motted nomal, amooth
b) motted, normal pesch
c) mottied, dwad smooth
d) moted dwaf peach
Assuming that the three genes undergo independent assortment, predict the phenotypio ratio of the offspring in the F, generation.

Answers

Answer 1

Complete question:

A wild-type tomato plant (Plant 1) is homozygous dominant for three traits: solid leaves (MM), normal height (DD), and smooth skin (PP).

Another tomato plant (Plant 2) is homozygous recessive for the same three traits: mottled leaves (mm), dwarf height(dd), and peach skin (pp).

In a cross between these two plants (MMDDPP x mmddpp), all offspring in the F1 generation are wild type and heterozygous for all three traits(MmDdPp).

Now suppose you perform a testcross on one of the F1plants (MmDdPp x mmddpp). The F2 generation can include plants with these eight possible phenotypes:

solid, normal, smooth

solid, normal, peach

solid, dwarf, smooth

solid, dwarf, peach

mottled, normal, smooth

mottled, normal, peach

mottled, dwarf, smooth

mottled, dwarf, peach

Assuming that the three genes undergo independent assortment, predict the phenotypic ratio of the offspring in the F2 generation.

Answer and Explanation:

Cross 1:

Parental) MMDDPP  x  mmddpp

F1) MmDdPp

Cross 2: Testcross

Parental) MmDdPp   x   mmddpp

Gametes) MDP   MdP   MDp  Mdp   mDP   mdP   mDp  mdp

                 mdp   mdp   mdp   mdp   mdp   mdp   mdp   mdp

Punnet Square)

              mdp            

MDP     MmDdPp

MdP     MmddPp

MDp     MmDdpp

Mdp     Mmddpp

mDP     mmDdPp

mdP     mmddPp

mDp     mmDdpp

mdp      mmddpp    

F2) 8/64 = 1/8 MmDdPp, solid leaves, normal height, smooth skin

     8/64 = 1/8 MmddPp,  solid leaves, dwarf height, smooth skin

     8/64 = 1/8 MmDdpp, solid leaves, normal height, peach skin

     8/64 = 1/8 Mmddpp,  solid leaves, dwarf height, peach skin

     8/64 = 1/8 mmDdPp, mottled leaves, normal height, smooth skin

     8/64 = 1/8  mmddPp,  mottled leaves, dwarf height, smooth skin

     8/64 = 1/8  mmDdpp,  mottled leaves, normal height, peach skin

     8/64 = 1/8  mmddpp,  mottled leaves, dwarf height, peach skin

Another way of predicting the phenotypic ratio of the offspring in the F2 generation is by performing a testcross for each gene by separately and then multiplying their genotypic proportions. This is:

Leaves Gene

Parental) Mm  x  mm

Gamtes) M  m    m   m

Punnet Square)        M     m

                       m    Mm   mm

                       m    Mm   mm

F2) 1/2 Mm

      1/2 mm

High Gene

Parental) Dd  x  dd

Gamtes) D  d    d   d

Punnet Square)       D     d

                       d     Dd    dd

                       d     Dd    dd

F2) 1/2 Dd

      1/2 dd

Skin Gene

Parental) Pp  x  pp

Gamtes) P   p   p   p

Punnet Square)       P    p

                          p   Pp   pp

                          p   Pp   pp

F2) 1/2 Pp

      1/2 pp

To get the phenotypic ratio of the offspring we multiply the genotypic proportion for each trait by the genotypic proportions of the other two traits, like this:

For plants with solid leaves, normal height, smooth skin

solid leaves ratio -> 1/2

normal height ratio -> 1/2

smooth skin ratio -> 1/2

MmDdPp ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

For plants with solid leaves, dwarf height, smooth skin

MmddPp ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

For plants with solid leaves, normal height, peach skin

MmDdpp ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

For plants with solid leaves, dwarf height, peach skin

Mmddpp ratio:  1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

For plants with mottled leaves, normal height, smooth skin

mmDdPp  ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8  

For plants with mottled leaves, dwarf height, smooth skin

mmddPp ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

For plants with mottled leaves, normal height, peach skin

mmDdpp ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8  

For plants with mottled leaves, dwarf height, peach skin

mmddpp  ratio: 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8                    


Related Questions

In 1668 Francesco Redi did a series of experiments on spontaneous generation. He began by putting similar pieces of meat into eight identical jars. Four jars were left open to the air, and four were sealed. He then did the same experiment with one variation: instead of sealing four of the jars completely, he covered them with gauze (the gauze will exclude the flies while allowing the meat to be exposed to air). In both experiments, he monitored the jars and recorded whether or not maggots (young flies) appeared in the meat.
Refer to the paragraph on Redi's experiments. In both experiments, fies appeared in all of the open jars and only in the open jars. Which one of the following statements is correct?
A. The experiment was inconclusive because it did not nun long enough
B. The experiment supports the hypothesis that spontaneous generation occurs in rotting meat.
C. The expertment supports the hwpothesis that maggots arise only from eggs laid by adult flhes
D. The experiment was inconclusive because Redi used only one kind of meat

Answers

Answer:

The experiment supports the hypothesis that maggots arise only from eggs laid by adult flies; that is  only from reproduction and development.

Explanation:

The objective of this experimental set up by Francesco Radi  was to demonstrate the concept of spontaneous generation. He concluded that, Maggots are not spontaneous generated from rotten meats, rather they are products of eggs laid by houseflies who visited the rotten meat to lay eggs. The maggots (larva) are products of complete metamorphosis, from egg to larva to pupa and adult. This is an indication that, new organisms are not formed form spontaneously, but are products of well-defined process of reproduction and development which in this case is a  complete metamorphosis.

Based on this premise he concluded that, if maggots were products of  laid eggs, then they should appear only  when rotten meat is exposed to  open air.However,if they are f products of spontaneous generation they should appear irrespective of  the meat exposure to air or not.

Which environmental change is considered short term?

forest fire
ice age
mountain building
solar energy changes

Edunuity

Answers

Answer:

forest fires

Explanation:

An environmental change that occurs quickly and affects organisms immediately (causing behavioral adaptations).

floods, forest fires, blizzards, volcanic eruptions,

Answer: Forest fires[A]

Explanation:

got 100% on the edge2020 Unit Test

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Explain why detritivores, decomposers and omnivores are not assigned trophic level​

Answers

Answer:

They can be found in several trophic levels, as they are related with several trophic level, hence, they cannot be placed on a specific trophic level.

Explanation:

A trophic level is a specific position occupied by a group of organisms on a good chain in relation to their nutrition.

Dentrivores feed on the waste of other organisms and cannot be really placed on a specific trophic level, likewise decomposers, of which they feed and decompose the body of organisms.

Omnivores feed on both plants and animals, which includes producers and consumers. Placing omnivores on a specific trophic level would not be really straightforward also.

A medical term with a suffix usually describes a/an

Answers

Answer:

a condition, an action, or a relationship.

Explanation:

A species of spruce tree occupies the same niche at the mouth of a river that a species of pine tree occupies further upstream. One year, several pinecones fall into the river and are carried to the mouth, where they take root and grow amongst the spruce trees. What will be the most likely result of this occurrence

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is: "Either the pine trees or the spruce trees will eventually evolve into a new species."

Explanation:

There will be a competition between spruce trees and pine trees for nutrition and other resources from the environment to grow and spread since they are now occupying the same niche. Overtime, one specie will outlive the other by evolving into a specie that gives it an advantage over the other.  

Answer: bears

Explanation: it’s the answer

Complete this sentence. The CNS communicates with the body proper through ________. View Available Hint(s) Complete this sentence. The CNS communicates with the body proper through ________. some cranial nerves, some spinal nerves, and some additional nerves that were mentioned but not discussed in the tutorial the spinal nerves but not specifically through the cranial nerves the cranial nerves but not specifically through the spinal nerves some (but not all) of the cranial nerves and some (but not all) of the spinal nerves the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves.

Explanation:

The central nervous system or CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord of the nervous system where it takes sensory information, integrates, and responds accordingly. The spinal cord acts as a conduit for signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Spinal nerves and crania; both play an essential role in taking sensory information and respond accordingly. Spinal nerves are nerves that help in sending motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the CNS and the body. The cranial nerves supply information to the CNS and then from the CNS to the body.

Thus, the correct answer is - The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves.

Why would damage to the nervous tissue in the spinal cord lead to paralysis?
Damage results in the loss of signals to muscles to produce movement.
Damage results in the inability of the body to differentiate between voluntary and involuntary movement.
Damage results in the inability of the body to produce connective tissue to support movement.
Damage results in the decreased production of actin and myosin for contraction

Answers

Answer:

B. Damage results in the inability of the body to differentiate between voluntary and involuntary movement

Explanation:

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Using the key choices choose all responses that apply to the following descriptions. Some terms may be used more than once.

Key:
a. stratum basale
b. stratum corneum
c. stratum granulosum
d. stratum lucidum
e. stratum spinosum
f. papillary layer
g. reticular layer
h. epidermis as a whole
i. dermis as a whole

_____________1. layer of translucent cells in thick skin containing dead keratinocytes
_____________2. two layers containing dead cells.
_____________3. dermal layer responsible for fingeiprints.
_____________4. epidermal layer exhibiting the most rapid cell division.
_____________5. layer including scalelike dead cells, full of keratin, that constantly slough off.
_____________6. layer named for the numerous granules present.
_____________7. location of melanocytes and tactile epithelial cells.
_____________8. area where weblike pre-keratin filaments first appear.
_____________9. deep layer of the dermis
_____________10. layer that secretes a glycolipid that prevents water loss from the skin

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

b. stratum corneum: 5. layer including scalelike dead cells, full of keratin, that constantly slough off.

The most superficial epidermal layer conformed of squamous, plane, thin cells with keratin in their cytoplasm, that are continuously released. These cells are replaced by new cells that have the same destiny.      

d. stratum lucidum

: 1. layer of translucent cells in thick skin containing dead keratinocytes

Also known as the transparent layer, is only located in the thicker parts of the skin, such as the hands´ palms and the feets´ soles. This layer is so thin that the cells´ edges and some ties their nucleus can not be identified. Keratinocytes are diaphanous and are grouped together. They lack a nucleus and the cytoplasm is filled with a gelatinous substance, eleidin, which will transform into keratin.

b. stratum corneum and d. stratum lucidum 2. two layers containing dead cells.

c. stratum granulosum: 6. layer named for the numerous granules present.

These layer cells contain granules filled with keratohyalin that is needed for keratin production. These cells are arranged in two to four layers, and they begin to degenerate. This is why they show high lysosomes enzymes concentration. This is also the layer where it begins keratinization.

e. stratum spinosum: 10. layer that secretes a glycolipid that prevents water loss from the skin.

8 to 10 irregular cell layers. These cells are rich in DNA necessary for proteinic synthesis that ends in keratin production, and Langerhans cells that belong to the immunity system. This stratus is also known as "Malpigio stratum". It also produces a glycoprotein that helps to prevent water loss.    

a. stratum basale 4. epidermal layer exhibiting the most rapid cell division.

                             7. location of melanocytes and tactile epithelial cells.

Stratum basale is the innermost germinative, single, basal layer of the epidermis composed of basal cuboidal-shaped cells. These cells are the precursor of keratinocytes, this is why this layer is also called germinativum. In this basal layer, there are also Merkel cells as well as melanocytes.  The former associated with nerve fibers, transmit part of the touch, and the latter, form the pigment responsible for skin coloring and tanning, melanin.

f. papillary layer: 3. dermal layer responsible for fingerprints.

This stratum is a thin superior layer in the dermis. It has conjunctive tissues and blood vessels that nourish the skin and helps to control the temperature. It´s surface forms papilla that increases the mechanical union between dermis and epidermis.        

g. reticular layer: 9. deep layer of the dermis

The inner and thicker layer of the dermis. It is characterized by it´s thick, irregular bundles of collagen fibers and elastic fibers. These are not randomly oriented but forming the regular skin tightening lines known as Langer lines.  

h. epidermis as a whole: 7. location of melanocytes and tactile epithelial cells.

Composed of a plane stratified keratinized epithelium that constantly grows and maintains a normal thickness by the process of peeling. The Epidermis is made up of five cell layers, which have different functions: Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.        

i. dermis as a whole:  composed of conjunctive dense tissue that provides support, resistance, and thickness to the skin.        

Colistin is an antibiotic used to treat infections in the bloodstream. Some bacteria are resistant to Colistin. Explain how these bacteria have become resistant to Colistin.

Answers

Answer:

They have adapted to it

Explanation:



Which statement about venation is INCORRECT?



Some flowering plants have leaves that lack venation even though the stems and roots have vascular bundles.



Venation is important for delivering water to leaf cells and taking sugars to the stem.



Venation refers to arrangement of the veins within a leaf.



Venation patterns include pinnate, palmate and dichotomous.



In general, monocots exhibit parallel venation.

Answers

Answer:

Some flowering plants have leaves that lack venation even though the stems and roots have vascular bundles.

Explanation:

Venation refers to the arrangement of the veins in the leaf of a plant which are involved in the transport of material in the plants.

The xylem present in leaves transports water to the leaf whereas phloem transports sugar from the leaves to different parts of the plants. In angiosperms, no plants are known whose leaves lack the veins but stem and root possess the vascular bundles.

Monocot is characterised by their parallel veins whereas dicots possess reticulate veins. Also, the compound leaves possess one of the three types of venation that are palmate, pinnate and dichotomous.

Since no angiosperm posses, veinless leaves, therefore, is the correct answer.

How have the fields of biotechnology, genetic engineering, and molecular biology affected the agricultural job
market?
A.They have created more jobs
B.They have spread the industry internationally
C.They have made the market obsolete
D.They have decrease the demand for farmers

Answers

I think answer should be d.let me know if it’s correct thanks okay bye

Answer:

I think It's A. Hope it helps! :)

Explanation:

5 Points

Great Britain would have a much colder climate than it does if not for the

O A. polar easterlies

B. gulf stream

C. trade winds

D. jet stream

SUBMIT

Answers

Hello There!

Answer:

B. Gulf stream

Explanation:

Great Britain would have a much colder climate than it does if not for the gulf stream.

What would be an appropriate evolutionary explanation of the fact that the ordering of some homeotic genes (e.g., Hox genes) on vertebrate chromosomes parallels the ordering of homeotic genes on fruit fly chromosomes? Group of answer choices

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is "The similar ordering of homeotic genes in animals, both vertebrate and insect, is due to ancient homology".

Explanation:

The missing options of this question are

a. Homeotic genes show that insects and vertebrates are closer relatives than the traditional classification system indicates.

b. The similar ordering of homeotic genes in animals, both vertebrate and insect, is due to ancient homology.

c. The similarity is a coincidence, not documented in other invertebrates and largely a result of random mutations.

d. Homeotic genes of different animal lineages might be ordered in a similar fashion, yet their sequences are completely different.

The correct answer is option b. "The similar ordering of homeotic genes in animals, both vertebrate and insect, is due to ancient homology".

Ancient homology, is a concept proposed by Charles Darwin that explains that species have homologous structures because they share a common ancestor. This explains as well why the ordering of some homeotic genes on vertebrate chromosomes parallels the ordering of homeotic genes on fruit fly chromosomes. Even though vertebrates are not as evolutionary close to fruit fly as other species, they share an ancient common ancestor as well. This same phenomena explains other homologies seeing in species, such as the adaptive mimetic diversity across butterflies.

1. In a standard autoclave procedure dry heat is used combined with high pressure
A. True
B. False

2. Household bleach is routinely used in dilution 1:10
A. True.
B. False

Answers

Answer:

1) F, 2)True

Explanation:

1) autoclave uses steam

2) bleach dilute is 1:10

1. It is false that In a standard autoclave procedure dry heat is used combined with high pressure.

2.  It is true that Household bleach is routinely used in dilution 1:10

1. In a standard autoclave procedure, moist heat, not dry heat, is used in combination with high pressure. Autoclaves use steam under high pressure to achieve sterilization by destroying microorganisms and their spores. The high-pressure steam provides effective heat transfer and penetration, ensuring the sterilization of the items being processed.

2. Household bleach is often used in a dilution of 1:10, meaning one part bleach is mixed with nine parts water. This dilution is commonly recommended for various household cleaning and disinfection purposes. It helps to ensure effective disinfection while reducing the potential harmful effects of concentrated bleach.

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The women has had two miscarriages. What is the chance that she could have a normal child? a. The chance of a normal child is approximately one in four; however, all of the normal children will be translocation carriers.b. The chance of a normal child is approximately one in two; however, all of the normal children will be translocation carriers.c. The chance of a normal child is approximately one in four; however, half of the normal children will be translocation carriers.d. The chance of a normal child is approximately one in two; however, half of the normal children will be translocation carriers

Answers

Dududjdudbdudjdbbrud

What brings greater concentrations of dissolved nutrients to the ocean surface?

Answers

Answer: Upwelling

Explanation:

Upwelling is a process of movement of dense, cold and nutrient rich water from the bottom of the ocean to the surface layers due to wind currents. This process replaces the warm and nutrient deficient water from the surface.

This process is useful for the growth of phytoplanktons and other sea plants growing in the surface layer of oceanic water.

Suppose a plant breeder wants to isolate mutants in tomatoes that are defective in DNA repair. However, this breeder does not have the expertise or equipment to study enzymes in DNA repair systems.
Which methods would best allow the breeder to identify tomato plants that are deficient in DNA repair?
A) Expose putative DNA repair mutant plants to ionizing radiation L and see if they survive less well than wild-type plants.
B) Measure the amount of post-translational processing that occurs in the putative DNA repair mutant plants. Measure the somatic mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.
C) Expose the putative DNA repair mutant plants to a deaminating agent and select those that have a decreased mutation rate.
D) Measure the germ line spontaneous and induced mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

Answers

The provided question has marked options incorrectely the correct order as follows:

A) Expose putative DNA repair mutant plants to ionizing radiation L and see if they survive less well than wild-type plants.

B) Measure the amount of post-translational processing that occurs in the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

C) Measure the somatic mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

D) Expose the putative DNA repair mutant plants to a deaminating agent and select those that have a decreased mutation rate.

E) Measure the germline spontaneous and induced mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

Answer:

The correct answer is: A), C) and E)

Explanation:

The breeder wants to isolate the mutants in tomatoes that are defective in DNA repair, to identify such plants breeder should follow these methods as they will allow best to identifying the defective tomatoes-

Measure the somatic mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

Measure the germline spontaneous and induced mutation rates for the putative DNA repair mutant plants.

Expose putative DNA repair mutant plants to ionizing radiation L and see if they survive less well than wild-type plants.  This will allow the breeder to see and analyze the ability of DNA repair in tomatoes

when the community climax in an ecosystem has only a single type of climax, the development of the climax community is controlled by ___ of that region.

a) the climate
b) the life forms
c) the soil texture
d) the pioneer community

Answers

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

because the climax community is composed of species beat adopted to average conditions in that area

When the community climax in an ecosystem has only a single type of climax, the development of the climax community is controlled by the climate of that region. Option A is correct.

The climate of a region is the most important factor that controls the development of a climax community. The climate determines the temperature, precipitation, and other abiotic factors that influence the growth and survival of plants and animals.

In a region with a single type of climax community, the climate is relatively uniform and there is little variation in the abiotic factors. This means that the same species of plants and animals will be able to survive and thrive in the region, regardless of the specific location. The life forms, soil texture, and pioneer community can all influence the development of a climax community, but they are not as important as the climate. Option A is correct.

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Why do processes and activities suddenly change the global temperature?

Answers

Answer:

hey mate here is your answer

Answer:

Earth's temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet’s system. When incoming energy from the sun is absorbed by the Earth system, Earth warms. When the sun’s energy is reflected back into space, Earth avoids warming. When absorbed energy is released back into space, Earth cools. Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth’s energy balance, including:

Explanation:

Variations in the sun's energy reaching Earth

   Changes in the reflectivity of Earth’s atmosphere and surface

   Changes in the greenhouse effect, which affects the amount of heat retained by Earth’s atmosphere

The function of the plasma membrane is....

Answers

Answer:

to protect the cell from it's surroundings

Explanation:

the plasma membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and regulates the movement of substances in and out of cells

Explanation:

The primary function of the plasma membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings.

Sorry if the ans is wrong

Which is an example of foraging as a benefit of social behavior?

Answers

Answer:

kinda like foraging a signature

Explanation: if I'm wrong go randonauting


Please describe the regulation of the blood glucose 6 hours after a meal?
Please include all relevant organs, hormones, and actions.

Answers

Answer:

Find the description below in the explanation section

Explanation:

The body system regulates the blood sugar level via the hand-in-hand working of insulin and glucagon hormones, both produced by the Pancreas. After a meal, the food undergoes digestion and is broken down into glucose, which is absorbed into the bloodstream. Insulin hormone is released by the pancreas (stimulated by a negative feedback) when the sugar level of the blood increases. This secretion of insulin causes cells to absorb glucose as source of energy, while liver and muscle cells store some of the excess blood glucose as GLYCOGEN.

However, after about 6 hours of taking the meal, the blood sugar (glucose) level must have decreased. This triggers the secretion of Glucagon hormone by the Pancreas. Glucagon hormone, acts in an opposite manner as Insulin hormone, by causing the stored GLYCOGEN in the liver and muscle cells to be converted back to Glucose in order for cells to make use of it.

This continuous process occurs and it is how the body regulates the blood glucose levels.

What type of enzyme can activate another enzyme by adding a phosphate from ATP?

Answers

Answer:

Here my answer goes.......

Explanation:

In biochemistry, a kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, where the substrate gains a phosphate group and the high-energy ATP molecule donates a phosphate group.

Which of the following is a known limiting factor for good nutrition

Answers

Answer:  

seems you forgot the "followings" but here are some known limiting factors

Explanation:

   Exercise,Physiology, Mindset, Nutrition and Genetics.

After getting their results in, a group of scientists went back and looked at their study. As planned, their experiment consisted of three groups. The first group received a new medicine at a normal dose, the second group received the medicine at half the dose, and the third group received the medicine at twice the dose. Which of the following best describes what went wrong with the scientists’ study?

Answers

Answer:

Their experimental design lacks control group

Explanation:

Based on what I read, the scientists don't have a control group as one of the main groups thus they cannot, in scientific sense, say that the medicine is better or worse. You always need a control group receiving no intervention because then we can compare groups and assess the effectiveness of that intervention (in our case if we had control group vs people who received the medicine, we could see if the people who received the medicine had improved condition etc when compared to participants who did not receive anything)

There is no control group in their experimental design. According to what I've read, the scientists don't have a control group as one of the primary groups. Thus, option C is correct.

What is control group?

To determine if the treatment is better or worse in a formal scientific sense. You should always have a control group that does not receive any treatment because this allows us.

To compare the groups and evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. In our case, if we had a control group and participants who did not receive any treatment, we could see if those participants had better health overall.

By focusing on the impact of a single independent variable, a cause-and-effect link can be established.

The independent variable is altered in the treatment group while being held constant in the control group by researchers. The findings of these groups are then compared.

Therefore, no control group in their experimental design.

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Given the behavior and ecology of this insect, what are some factors that could cause the incidence of Chagas disease to increase in Central and South America in areas like the banana plantation, and why

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

There are many physical elements such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, altitude, vegetation, among others, that influence the presence of the insects that transmit the Chagas diseases. Its transmission seems to be enhanced by other social elements, such as the deficiency in basic services, lack of planning, the socio-economical conditions, cultural conditions. Altogether, these factors intervene in the presence of the Chagas disease, a systemic infection caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi. This protozoan is hosted by different wild and domestic mammals, transmitted to the human by hematophagous insects. The transmission occurs through dejections deposited on skin or mucose during or after the feeding process.  

Different rural areas in Central and South America are characterized by a mountain relief (temperatures between 15 and 30ºC - relative humidity between 50 and 90%), as well as by a plane relief associated with alluvial plain (temperature between 20 and 35ºC - media relative humidity of 75%). Vegetation in the mountain area provides a natural habitat to the triatomines, the insects that transmit the Chagas disease.  

Constant deforestation in mountains, soil move, the cutting down, firing, have destroyed the natural habitat of the insects, becomming the cause of their arrival to populated centers. As their environment is destroyed,    insects migrate to new areas and find refuge in precarious houses that surround the affected areas. Most of these houses have clay walls, a roof made of branches, and no floor. People that live in these conditions do not have economic resources.  Indexes of infestation in these houses are high due to the material used for their construction. Insects tend to establish near a source of food, such as domestic animals or even humans. It is also common that these houses have chicken coops and farmyards that also offer good conditions for the insects to live in.

Economic activities are important variables to consider, as these define the way of living in a population.  

Agriculture activities are performed with no control or planning. People deforest to plant, getting in contact with the insects' natural habitat, producing environmental changes, and getting in touch with them, enhancing the risks of being infected and of transportin the insects.

what is a animal and what types of animals are there

Answers

Answer:

Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom of Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development.

Explanation:

Scientists have recently estimated that there are approximately 8.7 million species on Earth. They believe that 1-2 million of those species are animals.

The process of succession is necessary to maintain and establish stable communities. T or F

Answers

Answer: True it is necessary

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Rutherford tracked the motion of tiny, positively charged particles shot through a thin sheet of gold foil. Some particles traveled in a straight line and some were deflected at different angles. Which statement best describes what Rutherford concluded from the motion of the particles? Some particles traveled through empty spaces between atoms and some particles were deflected by electrons. Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by electrons. Some particles traveled through empty spaces between atoms and some particles were deflected by small areas of high-density positive charge in atoms. Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by small areas of high-density positive charge in atoms.

Answers

Answer:

Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by small areas of high-density positive charge in atoms.

Explanation:

Rutherford concluded from his experiment that there are empty spaces present in most parts of the atom while a heavy positive charge is present in the nucleus of an atom due to which the tiny positively charged particles deflects because of positive-positive charge repulsion. Most of positively charged particles passes undeflected which indicated the presence of empty spaces in the atoms. The electrons revolve around the nucleus have no effect on the deflection of positively charged particles.

Rutherford conducted a legendary experiment to determine atomic structure in which he bombarded a thin gold foil with alpha particles. In the aftermath of the experiment he concluded that; Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by small areas of high-density positive charge in atoms.

The gold foil experiment showed that the atom is composed of a massive core which contains positively charged particles.

This massive core is at the center of the atom surrounded by electrons that move in orbits. Hence, the resulting model of the atom was called the planetary model.

The deflected positively charged particles were deflected by this small area of high-density positive charge in atoms.  

Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/730256

-Lab-
"Why are cells so small"​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Because we need a lot of cells and if they were big only a small about would fit.

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