Given an unusual cell with an intracellular fluid containing 10 mM calcium and an extracellular fluid containing 1 mM calcium. If the cell membrane is permeable only to calcium ions, what is the voltage across the membrane? Assume that the system is at equilibrium and at body temperature.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct answer is: -31 mV

Explanation:

Given:

Intracellular fluid concentration = 10 mM

Exracellular fluid concentration = 1 mM

temperature = 237+37 = 310 k

Z = 2

F= 96500 C mol-^1

R = 8.314 J MOL-^1K-^1

Formula -

Ex = (RT/ZF) ln ([x]out/[x]in)

= [tex]\frac{8.314*310*2.303}{2*96500} log 10 \frac{1mM}{10mM}[/tex]

= -0.03075447679*1/10 log 10

= - 31 mV


Related Questions

Assume coat color in horses is controlled by a single gene. Palomino horses have a golden yellow coat, chestnut horses have a brown coat, and cremello horses have a coat that is almost white. A series of crosses between the three different types of horses produced the following offspring:
Cross Offspring palomino times
palomino x palomino 13 palomino, 6 chestnut, 5 cremello
chestnut x chestnut 16 chestnut
cremello x cremello 13 cremello
palomino x chestnut 8 palomino, 9 chestnut
palomino x cremello 11 palomino, 11 cremello
chestnut x cremello 23 palomino
A. Explain the inheritance of the palomino, chestnut, and cremello phenotypes in horses.
B. Assign symbols for the alleles that determine these phenotypes, and list the genotypes of all parents and offspring given in the preceding table.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached file.


4. An egg is falling (not freely, do not neglect air resistance) from a nest in a tree. Diagram the forces acting on
the egg as it falls

Answers

Answer:

I found it hopes this helps

Explanation:

Within the skeletal system, fat is commonly stored in the

Answers

Answer:

marrow

Explanation:

Additionally, the yellow marrow, which is found in the central cavity of long bones along with red marrow, serves as a storage site for fat.

The answer would be Bone marrow

Charged atoms and molecules must use a ___________________ to cross through the plasma membrane.

Answers

Answer: protein

Explanation:

Had the exact question!

Salmon live in both fresh water and salt water during their lives. They are born in in fresh water but migrate out to marine waters for most of their life. Eventually, they return to the place they were born in fresh water to spawn. Changing between fresh water and salt water affects the balance of water in their body. Salmon have an internal control system called osmoregulation that restores the balance by negative feedback. This is an example of which characteristic of life

Answers

Answer: The question is incomplete because the options are not given. Here are the options gotten from another website.

A. adaptation

B. reproduction and development

C. response to the environment D. energy transformation

E. maintaining homeostasis

The correct option is maintain homeostasis which is C.

Explanation:

This is because salmon posseses adaptive physical characteristics that help it to suitably live both in freshwater and salt water. This is because homeostasis is the ability to resist any change in order to maintain body internal environment and this is a negative loop feedback. Organs of salmon work to control homeostasis but endocrine and nervous system engage more in maintain homeostasis.

The last option is correct.

The following information should be considered:

This is due to the sal-mon possessing adaptive physical characteristics that help it to suitably live both in fresh-water and salt-water. This epresent the ability to resist any salt-water in order to maintain body internal environment.

Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/1979431?referrer=searchResults

Chemical structure of almond flour?

Answers

Composition
Protein: 20%
Fat: 53%
Total carbohydrate: 20%
Sugars: 7%
Dietary fiber: 8%
Moisture: 5–7%

I need help on this.

Answers

Answer:

Option B is correct answer hope it helps

Ima say friction foe dis

Select all the advantages of a multienzyme complex over a metabolic pathway


A. There is less room for substrates to diffuse away

B. Each enzyme can be activated or inhibited individually

C. The product of one enzyme will serve as the reactant for the next

D. The complex can be regulated as a group

Answers

Answer:

Option A, B, C

Explanation:

The major advantages of multienzyme complex over a metabolic pathway is that it do not require individual pathway for each enzyme activation or inhibition. Instead it responds efficiently to the equilibrium changes of substrate supply and demand as compared to that of enzymes.

It tightly regulates the processes and is also faster than that of the metabolic pathway.

Hence, option A, B and C are correct

True or false Are bacteria protists?

Answers

They are not protists.

Answer:

false

Explanation:

Protists are micro-organelles that are not classified as plant, animal, or bacteria

What is Earth's major source of air pollution?

Answers

fossil-fuel combustion is the Earth’s major source of air pollution.
stationary sources

mobile sources

area sources

burning fireplaces.
Those are all the four main ones

why do orangutans need so much space?

Answers

Answer:

Orangutans are the heaviest tree-dwelling animal

They spend most of their lives swinging through the canopies and need vast stretches of forest to find enough food and mates. Deforestation and hunting are the biggest threats to orangutans.orangutans need so much space because orangutans live in only a few places, and because they are so dependent upon trees, they are particularly susceptible to logging in these areas.Orangutans have large home ranges, which may overlap. Each adult female usually lives in a stable home range of about 3.5 square miles (9 square kilometers). An adult male's territory may be up to 15 square miles (39 square kilometers).

Explanation:

I have written all the information that I am familiar with

hope it becomes helpful to you ☺️☺️

good luck

II
6/15
+100
84
8 17th
2400
Which of the following is the most efficient food
chain in the food web shown in Figure 3-4?
Plants , insect, lizard, snake,
hawk
Plants, quail, coyote
Plants, Quail, Mountain Lion

Answers

vsjhejensmakkMabwbsbjsjaja

Explain why, throughout the history of life on Earth, living beings have been different?

Answers

As for us humans, the first few centuries of our lives, we had a low life expectancy, as the population and years increased for decades it increases and we gain better mecidine and knowledge.

why is it an advantage that bundle sheath chloroplast lack grana​

Answers

Explanation\Answer:

Pack sheath chloroplasts don't contain grana (if present not many and poorly created). In mesophyll cells, the light needy response is supported. In group sheath cells, the light autonomous responses are supported. Huge measure of ATPs and diminished coenzymes are created in the mesophyll cells.

General characteristics of cockroach and spider​

Answers

Answer:

Cockroaches are generalized insects with few special adaptations, and may be among the most primitive living Neopteran insects. They have a relatively small head and a broad, flattened body, and most species are reddish-brown to dark brown. They have large compound eyes, two ocelli, and long, flexible antennae.

Explanation:

:)

what is a polypeptide chain?

a. the beginning of a protein
b. the strand of mRNA
c. the strand of tRNA

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

the polupeptide chain is from the strand mRNA which makes wate rmolecules digest into polypeptide

I need help in this ASAPPP

Answers

Answer:

1. The reduction of coyote population affects the sheep population by increasing sheep due to them not being preyed upon.

2. The grass population would indeed decrease as a result of the sheep population increasing. Due to this being the sheep's source of energy.

What causes hurricanes to increase in strength

Answers

Hurricanes gain in strength when they go over areas of warm water and low sheer in the upper atmosphere. Hope this helps :)

Answer:

the greater the evaporation rate of warm moist air, the stronger the hurricane will be.

Explanation:

What type spore is produced by baisidiomycetes, deuteromycota, Zygomycota and ascomycota??

Answers

baisidiomycota: basidiospores

ascomycota: axcospores

Deurtermycota: conidia

zygomycota: sporangiospores

+
Which fundamental force is being used in this type of
treatment?
- strong
-weak
-gravitational
-electromagnetic

Answers

Answer: Weak.

Explanation:

The complete question is:

Scientists use a substance called Iodine-131 to treat cancer. As Iodine-131 undergoes radioactive decay and emits beta particles, it kill cancer cells. Which fundamental force is being used in this type of treatment?

Well, here we have beta decay.

Beta-decay is when a beta particle (an electron or a positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus (usually a neutron-rich nucleus). We know that beta decay is a consequence of the weak force or weak interaction (the force responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms)

Then the correct option is the second one, weak.

Answer:

(B) WEAK

Explanation:

(A) strong

(B) weak

(C) gravitational

(D) electromagnetic

Took test got it right 2021 edeg

what should you be thinking of before designing your research​

Answers

Answer:

well it depends

Explanation:

you need to use keywords when researching terms or questions and be ready to read.

Severe storms all have extremely strong winds that can cause a lot of environmental damage.
Which storm below has the strongest winds?
O cyclone
O hurricane
O thunderstorm
O tornado

Answers

The storm that has the strongest winds is TORNADO.

A tornado can be defined as a narrow-violent rotating column of air in contact with the ground, which is often attached to the base of a thunderstorm.

It is hard to observe a tornado unless it forms a condensation vertical wind tunnel composed of water droplets and dust.

In the most violent tornadoes, wind speed may reach 300 miles (480 kilometers) per hour.

In conclusion, the storm that has the strongest winds is TORNADO.

Learn more in:

https://brainly.com/question/1146984

Answer: its tornado i just took the test on edge2020  on the storm assignment.

Explanation: :)

Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of *

a. restarting glycolysis.

b. recharging the electron transport chain.

c. repaying an oxygen debt.

d. making more citric acid.

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is C.

repaying an oxygen debt.

Explanation:

This is because while running, humans breath shallowly which could not provide the oxygen requirement for the respiratory system and fit in for blood need.

After running, you tend to breathe heavily because your muscle work very hard , the body use more oxygen and produced more carbondioxide, therefore the lungs and respiratory system must try to provide more oxygen to the blood. sympathetic nerves stimulate respiratory muscles

so as to increase the rate at which we breathe.

if a gene is made up of 20% adenine, how much thymine, guanine, and cytosine will there be

Answers

Explanation:

  You have 20% of adenine. If you have 20% of adenine than you have 20% of thymine, because the amount of adenine and thymine is equal. 20% plus 20% is 40% of adennine and thymine. From 100% DNA bases subtract 40% and you will get 60%. Then divide this by 2 and you will get 30%. 30% of guanine and 30% of cytosine, because their amounts are equal in the DNA stand.

I need help with Human Anatomy/Physiology I just need help with the explanations please. :)

Answers

Answer:

The arm is a great example. The muscle would be the biceps brachii and the bones of the shoulder and the arm. The biceps brachii allows you to do flexion -- bringing your forearm closer to your shoulder and Extenion -- extending your arm outward so that it is fully straight.

This looks like a project and will take a lot of time so I provided a starting place to look into.

Explanation:

Answer:

I will explain down below.

Explanation:

So basically if I am correct you are supposed to do a project based off of the skeletal muscle system. You want to, get a piece of paper or a poster and draw a representation on it, then describe what each of the terms are. I am not 100% sure, but I did a project like this before in the past.

HELP ANSWER QUICK!!!!
A scientist examines the legs of two different species. Due to similarities in the bone arrangement, the scientist concludes that the
leg structures of the two species are homologous.
What can the scientist conclude about these species?
ОА.
The two species evolved from a common ancestor.
OB
The two species are evolutionarily unrelated.
O C.
The two species have identical DNA.
O D.
The two species are found in the same ecosystem.

Answers

Answer:

A this is the definition of homologous

D would analogous

Explanation:

what regions of dna are used

Answers

Answer:

pfv-tdzg-uzk show u penis

Which of the following is the best evidence that supports the rule that only 10% of energy is transferred from one organism to another? (1
There are fewer organisms at the top of the food chain because there is less energy available for life processos
O Ten percent of organisms are fully consumed while others contain some molecules that cannot be digested
Not all organisms at the lower trophic levels will be eaten and die
O Dead organisms and waste are broken down by decomposers and are recycled through the ecosystem

Answers

Answer:

I believe the answer is A

Explanation:

There are fewer organisms at the top of the food chain because there is

less energy available for life processes is the best statement that supports

it.

What is Trophic level?

This is the position an organism occupies in a food chain. The organisms

are usually fewer while those at the bottom have more organisms present

in the chain.

As food chain moves from bottom to the top, the energy level decreases

which depicts 10% of energy is being transferred from one organism to

another

Read more about Food chain here https://brainly.com/question/19066362

Organelles found in plant cells that function through respiration to produce energy from oxygen and sugar are called —

Question 20 options:

Chloroplasts


guard cells


photosynthons


mitochondria

Answers

Answer:

The answer is A) Chloroplasts

Answer:

Chloroplasts

Explanation:

hope i helped

Draw a line to connect the following terms to their definitions. PLZ HURRY!

Answers

A region that has a specific climate and a specific community of plants and animals = biome

A region with low average temperatures and little precipitation = taiga

Long-term temperature and precipitation patterns in a region = climate

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