Fully explain how cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and the bonds in new compounds are formed resulting in a net transfer of energy.

Answers

Answer 1
Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP. The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is gradually broken down into carbon dioxide and water. Along the way, some ATP is produced directly in the reactions that transform glucose. Much more ATP, however, is produced later in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative phosphorylation is powered by the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain, a series of proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
These electrons come originally from glucose and are shuttled to the electron transport chain when they gain electrons.


As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water. Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.). As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water.
Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer 2

Cellular respiration is a metabolic process called cellular respiration that converts glucose to ATP.

What is cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration has the processes: Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are the phases of cellular respiration.

A glucose molecule gradually decomposes into carbon dioxide and water during cellular respiration. In the process of transforming glucose, some ATP is directly created.

But far more ATP is later created through a procedure known as oxidative phosphorylation. The electron transport chain, a collection of proteins enmeshed in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, is what drives oxidative phosphorylation.

Therefore, Cellular respiration is a metabolic procedure by which glucose is changed into ATP.

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Related Questions

Can some one help me plzzzzzz

Answers

Answer:

you are correct it is it relieves energy from mitochondria

Why do heart cells have different characteristics than skin cells???

Heart cells have different DNA than skin cells.

Heart cells reproduce by mitosis.

Heart cells express different genes than skin cells.

Heart cells reproduce by cell differentiation.

Answers

Answer:

Heart cells express different genes than skin cells

Explanation:

Cells contain instructions for their gene expression within stretches of DNA called genes, which is expressed and translated into protein.

Somatic cells are cells which contain the organism's chromosome number. They contain the entire karotype- and divide/ replicate through mitosis. In several stages of mitosis, DNA becomes condensed, is unwound and replicated, then packaged into two identical daughter cells.

All somatic cells start out undifferentiated (as stem cells). AFter the process of differentiation, they undergo changes in gene expression to become specific cell types, through processes like methylation and  gain maturity.

During glycolysis, what is the source of the chemical energy that is captured in ATP?


A. the chemical bonds in pyruvic acid

B. the chemical bonds in glucose

C. the nuclei of atoms in glucose

D. high-energy electrons in the cytoplasm

Answers

A

process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid
glycolysis

The study of the cell is called cell biology.

The correct answer to the question is option B which is the chemical bonds in glucose.

What is glycolysis?

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid is called glycolysis.

According to the question, the source of the ATP is by breaking down the glucose molecule and forming the ATP by gaining the extra phosphate molecule.

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How do human beings negatively affect the carbon cycle?

Human beings burn fossil fuels, which contribute carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

Human beings conserve resources, which decrease resources for the carbon cycle.

Human beings mine resources, which increases the amount of oxygen available to the carbon cycle.

Human beings use carbon-based pencils, which decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Eww

Answers

Answer:

Human activities have a tremendous impact on the carbon cycle. Burning fossil fuels, changing land use, and using limestone to make concrete all transfer significant quantities of carbon into the atmosphere. ... This extra carbon dioxide is lowering the ocean's pH, through a process called ocean acidification.

Explanation:

Brainliest please?

11. Tom broke his leg. He was in a cast for six weeks. After his cast was
removed he had a hard time walking - WHY? *

Answers

Answer:

what-

Explanation:

Answer:

Well, the reason is because those muscles that he was once using every day, were suddenly on break and were not being used for the entire 6 weeks. Leading him to having some trouble walking.

Explanation:

When you don't use your muscles, they start to kind of chill out and get weaker in this case. So when you break your leg, and the doctor tells you not to put pressure on it, it is so that the bone can heal. But while your bone heals, the muscles in your leg are not able to move or do very much of anything because you can't put any pressure on them. So that is why when you take the cast off, you have to ease back into the regular motion in your leg that you had before.

Hope this helps!

How do plants “catch” sunlight?

Answers

Answer: The leafs capture the suns energy.

Answer:

Sunlight is captured by chlorophyll.

According to Figure 2–6, which enzyme would you expect to find in a bacterium growing in a hot spring?

Answers

Answer: Enzyme Y! Hope this helps :)

Which effects would many organisms likely experience if global warming occours check all that apply

Disrupted food webs
Increased competition
Increased number of glaciers
Disrupted life cycle events
Forced relocation

Answers

Disrupted food webs, increased competition, disrupted life cycle events, forced relocation

Answer:

A. disrupted food webs B. increased competition D. disrupted life-cycle events E. forced relocation

How do ocean currents affect weather in areas close to shore?

Answers

Answer:

Warm and cold ocean currents can affect the climate of an area along the coast if the winds blow in from the ocean. Warm ocean currents heat the air above the water and carry the warm air to the land, increasing the temperature of the coastal region.

Explanation:

hope it helps

Answer:

Warm and cold ocean currents can affect the climate of an area along the coast if the winds blow in from the ocean. Warm ocean currents heat the air above the water and carry the warm air to the land.

Explanation:

Hope this helped :)

2.Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis? A. red blood cells containing malaria. B. vines using a tree for support C. nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the roots of legumes D. pigs feeding at a trough

Answers

Answer:

A. red blood cells containing malaria

Explanation:

Malaria is a disease-causing pathogen in humans. It is caused by species of the parasite Plasmodium sp., which is transmitted as sporozoites by the Anopheles mosquito upon biting the host. These travel through the bloodstream to the liver where they mature into merozoites. These reenter the bloodstream and mature into trophozoites and schizonts that produce more merozoites.

When they multiply within the red blood cell, they burst the red blood cell open, and go on to infect other cells. This infection's symptoms are cyclic and include high fever, chills and other flu-like symptoms.

Malaria is a deadly illness, causing harm to its hosts, and in many cases death. Thus, this cannot be defined as symbiosis, which is typically beneficial to both organisms.

There was a nearly intact fossil of a hadrosaur called Dakota. How did this find change our knowledge of the hadrosaur? List three specific ways.​

Answers

Answer: Environment, skin coating, and perhaps seasonal migration.

Explanation: The hadrosaur has become an unmistakable species due to its unusual bill, and bipedal legs. However this new fossil could change many studies. First off, environmental hazards. Due to the amount of carnivorous fossils found in the Dakota area, finding a nearly intact fossil of any sort should be quite impossible. This brings paleontologists to believe hadrosaurs may have had some sort of defense against predators, which brings us to skin coating. To be found in such an arctic area must have meant it would be difficult for anything herbivorous to live in the area, unless feathers, or fur was involved. This could change every theory about the so called scaly beasts we refer to as dinosaurs. This brings us to our final topic, migration. Every winter if you were to go outside, it would be highly unlikely to hear birds. This is known as migration, a period when certain animals of multiple species, typically birds, move to warmer areas for the winter. Consider if the birds descending from dinosaurs theory was correct. This could in fact be how birds somehow get this preconceived notion to migrate. This, just as wild dogs are naturally aggressive, could be instinct.

Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is most likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

the gene that controls the production of stem cells
the gene that controls the production of skin cells
the gene that controls the production of red blood cells
the gene that controls the production of white blood cells

Answers

Answer:

D is the correct option.

Explanation:

all my answers got deleted.

Answer: THE ANSWRER IS D

Explanation: I TOOK THE TEST

Please help will give brain list

Answers

D) the last one bc water goes in and make electrical power

Which of the following molecules can be identifield as carbohydrate select all that apply ​

Answers

Answer: it would beidk

Explanation: idklol.

i need help with this asapp

Answers

Water at the surface of the ocean, rivers, and lakes can become water vapor and move into the atmosphere with a little added energy from the Sun through a process called evaporation. Snow and ice can also become water vapor through a process called sublimation.

What is one way that language relates to culture? * Language hinders people from understanding their culture. Language separates the culture of humans from that of animals. Language enables culture to be transmitted from one generation to the next. Language keeps each culture separate from all other cultures.

Answers

C. Language enables culture to be transmitted from one generation to the next.

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How does the spread of an airborne pathogen compare to the spread of foodborne and person-to-person pathogens

Answers

Answer:

You must come in contact with the infected air. It spreads slower, and more than one person is usually affected at the same time.

Explanation:

Experiment 5

Lisa is working on a science project. Her task is to answer the question:

"Does Rogooti (which is a commercial hair product) affect the speed of hair growth"? Her

family is willing to volunteer for the experiment.

1. Identify the hypothesis in this experiment.

2. State a conclusion to support your hypothesis. 3. State a conclusion that refutes the hypothesis.

Answers

Answer:

Hypothesis: The commercial hair product Rogooti accelerates hair growth.Conclusion 1: Rogooti makes hair grow faster than it would normally do when using an ordinary product.Conclusion 2: Rogooti does not seem to have any effect on hair growth.

Explanation:

A hypothesis is a scientific conjecture, not verified, that requires corroboration. It is a possibility, but not a fact.

A hypothesis must express what is expected to occur comprehensively. There must be a logical relation between variables. It must be objective.

To answer the question, Lisa might propose the following hypothesis, which needs to be corroborated.

Hypothesis: The commercial hair product Rogooti accelerates hair growth.

Experiment: Her family is a volunteer for the experiment, so all of them will use an ordinary hair product for a month. Before and after this period they will take notes of how long their hair is before and after the first part of the experiment. After this, they will cut down their hair to the initial length, and they will start using Ragooti for another month. After this last one, they will measure hair length again. Finally, Lisa will compare the initial length with the one after the first month and after the second month to analyze how Rogooti affects the speed of hair growth.

Result 1: When comparing lengths, Lisa will see that the hair of all her family members grew longer during the second month.

Conclusion 1: Rogooti makes hair grow faster than it would normally do when using an ordinary product.

Result 2: When comparing lengths, Lisa will not see any significant difference in the hair growth of her family during the first and the second month.

Conclusion 2: Rogooti does not seem to have any effect on hair growth.

Which of the following processes describes a chemical change?

Answers

Answer: The breakdown of particles of food by acid in the stomach

Explanation: Just ‘cause I think it’s right

If an individual has the genotype Bb, what alleles can it pass on to its
offspring?
A. Only B
B. Neither B norb
C. Either B or b
D. Only b

Answers

The answer is C. Either B or b

If a person possesses the genotype Bb, either the B or the b alleles can be passed on to their progeny. So, the correct option is C.

What is Genotype?

An organism's genotype is made up of all of its genetic components. The alleles or variations that an individual carries inside a specific gene or genetic region are also referred to as the genotype.

The term "genotype" relates to an organism's whole gene pool, or, in other words, the genetic make-up of that creature. The phrase can also be used to describe to the alleles, or different forms of a gene, that an organism carries in a more specific meaning. Symbols can be used to symbolise it. For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb could be used to denote a certain gene variant.

If a person has the genotype Bb, as in the example above, then either the B or the b alleles can indeed be passed on to their progeny.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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A student is examining the liquid mercury inside a thermometer. If the liquid is composed of only mercury atoms, what can the student conclude?


A :the liquid is an impure substance because it is in a liquid state.

The liquid is a pure substance because it is made up of elements

The liquid is an impure substance because it is inside a thermometer.

The liquid is a pure substance because it is made up of mixtures.

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

DID IT

Mercury is used in thermometers to estimate temperatures. Liquid mercury composed of Hg atoms is a pure substance that consists of single elements. Thus, option B is correct.

What are pure substances?

Pure substances are chemicals that are matter and have been known to have distinct chemical properties because of their constant and definite composition. The physical methods of separation can not be used to separate the pure substances.

The liquid mercury is a pure substance as it has been composed of only one type of elemental atom Hg. All of its composition has been carrying the Hg atoms uniformly that possess and exhibit the same chemical and physical characteristics.

Therefore, option B. the liquid mercury is a pure substance as it is made of the same type of element.

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FOR THE SECOND TIME-----Ughhh can someone answer this dang biology question I cant!!!!! I will mark you brainliest!!Referring to the graph, what phases together would account for approximately 25% of the time spent from a cell in the cell cycle?
A) M phase and S phase
B) S phase and M phase
C) G1 phase and M phase
D) G2 phase and M phase

Answers

Answer:

D. G2 phase and M phase

Explanation:

If we are looking for what takes up 25% of the graph, that would be the last option. If you look at G1, it takes up about 50%. So, G1 phase and M phase would take up more than that, and we want 25% not 50+. The M phase and S phase would take up about a third, so no. The G2 phase and M phase takes up roughly 25% or, it's the closest to this.

As the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas increases, which of the following
occurs? (1 point)
The temperature of the gas increases.
The temperature of the gas decreases.
The number of particles increases.
The number of particles decreases.

Answers

Answer:

Amontons’s law. If the temperature is increased, the average speed and kinetic energy of the gas molecules increase. If the volume is held constant, the increased speed of the gas molecules results in more frequent and more forceful collisions with the walls of the container, therefore increasing the pressure

.Which of the following lists contains only arthropods?
A
annelids, insects, myriapods CADA STAVI819 UAB
B.
arachnids, crustaceans, myriapods
С
crustaceans, insects. molluscs
D insects, myriapods, nematodes​

Answers

Answer:

Arachnids, crustaceans, myriapods.

Explanation:

Arthropods are animals that form the phylum Euarthropoda. This phylum includes the arachnids, crustaceans, myriapods, and insects. The defining characteristic for an animal to be considered an arthropod is that it has to have an exoskeleton, meaning that the skeleton of the animal is acting as a shell to the body, covering it from the outside.

At present, all of the species of arthropods are small in size, though in the distant past there were speciemens that can be considered as medium-sized or even large. The exoskeleton has its advantages and disadvantages. An advantage is that it is very hard and it covers fully the internal organs, thus protecting them. A disadvantage is that it limits the size to which these animals can grow as the exoskeleton cannot support the weight of the body after certain point.

Is our current model of the solar system geocentric or heliocentric?

Answers

Answer:

HELIOCENTRIC

Explanation:

Answer:

heliocentric

Explanation:

why is active transport needed to take mineral ions into the cytoplasm of the root hair cell?

Answers

Answer: In plants, they need to move mineral ions from the soil into the roots. Mineral ions are more concentrated in the cytoplasm of plant cells than in soil water or dillute.

Explanation:

Minerals cannot be soaked up through osmosis since it only involves the movement of water. Because the minerals are in such low concentration, they cannot be absorbed through diffusion. Active transportation is used instead.

What is active transport?

Active transport refers to the transport of molecules or ions into or out of a cell via the cell membrane, from a low concentration region to a high concentration region.

The particles use the energy released during respiration to move against the concentration gradient.

Active transport is defined as the movement of molecules against a gradient from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.

Active transport in plant root hairs allows plants to absorb mineral ions, which are required for healthy growth, even though the concentration of minerals in the soil is usually lower than in the root hair.

Thus, active transport is needed to take mineral ions into the cytoplasm of the root hair cell, as there is a need to move the minerals from the region of lower to higher concentration.

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The process where severe droughts cause some lands to become deserts is called __(blank)__ pls help and ty! :))

Answers

Answer:

Desertification

Hope this helps!

Which organisms inhaled CO2 and exhaled 02 to 100s of millions of years, increasing the amount of O2 in the atmosphere?

Answers

Answer:

Plants

Explanation:

Plants 'inhale' CO2 and 'exhale' O2.

What is the twisted ladder shape of the DNA called?
:3-D model
:nucleotides
:double helix
:single strand

Answers

the shape is a a double helix ! single strand is one side

Answer:

C the person above i think is correct because I’ll try the answer I’ll, tell you if it right :)

Explanation:

After I finish the quiz: yes it is correct

When a substance is added to meat, amino acids are produced.
What is this substance?

A) a hormone
B) an enzyme
C) an oil
D) water

The answer is B an enzyme !

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf Enzymes}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Meat is a good source of protein because it is the main component. Hormones, oil, and water won't really produce a substance when added to meat.  Enzymes break down different substances. The right enzyme can break down proteins. The monomer, or building block, of protein is an amino acid. Therefore, when a protein is broken down, amino acids are produces.

So, from the information above, we can assume that the substance is an enzyme. Enzymes break down meat/protein into amino acids.

B: the answer is An Enzyme
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A gym is selling monthly memberships for $35 each and reusable water bottles for $9 each. The gymneeds to make $1188 by the end of the month.Enter a linear equation that describes the problem.An equation for the amount of money made by the gym is = $1188, where m is the number ofmonthly memberships sold, and w is the number of reusable water bottles sold. !!Please Helppppppp ASAP!! ):Which is the constant of proportionality for the relationship shown in the table?x y4 27 410 613 8A. 32B. 23C. 3D. 2 How many countries were their before WW1 started? 1. Explain five historical precedents that caused the colonists to want tosever ties with Great Britain Opposite sides are supplementary? True or False ? Use the figure to find the measures of thenumbered angles.1/2a107b Comment trouver les valeurs mettre dans une table de valeurs selon le problme? HELP HELP HELP First to HELP gets the brainliest :D A restaurant use 8 1/4 pounds of carrots to make 6 carrot cakes. 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Van Leeuwenhoek discovered a world of tiny living things that he called tiny animals. Van Leeuwenhoek figured they were about 1/38th the size of a grain of sand. Today we know that what he saw were bacteria, the smallest living things on Earth. But atoms are much, much smaller. You can't see atoms with an ordinary microscope.And Smaller The idea that tiny, unbreakable particles make up everything that exists is more than 2000 years old. The Greek thinker Democritus called these particles "atomos." This is the Greek word for "uncuttable." Scientists didn't return to the idea of atoms until the 1800s. At first, scientists thought atoms were tiny balls with some electrical charges inside. They also thought atoms were the smallest particles that existed. But scientists soon began to wonder if atoms might be made of smaller things. In 1897, British scientist J. J. Thomson proved that they were. He ran experiments and discovered the electron. This tiny particle has a negative electrical charge and whizzes around inside the atom. A graphic showing the basic atomic structure of three elements, hydrogen, helium and oxygen. Protons, neutrons and electrons are shown.Zoom-in Different elements have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The Smallest ThingsSo Far Scientists were soon discovering more inside the atom. Hiding in the atom's center is the tiny nucleus. (If an atom were the size of a racetrack, the nucleus would be about the size of a pea in the middle.) The nucleus contains two types of particles: protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive electrical charge while neutrons have no charge. They contain even tinier particles called quarks that are so unimaginably small that they have no internal structure. Quarks and electrons are the smallest particles found so far. Scientists call the smallest things they've found fundamental particles. Fundamental particles do not contain any smaller particles. Scientists use huge machines called particle accelerators to learn more about particles. These machines speed up particles so they can smash into each other. Then the scientists track the paths the particles leave when they hit. Scientists use accelerators to discover new particles. Many scientists wonder why there are so many particles at all. Shouldn't there be just one "smallest thing" instead of many? The search goes on for the particle that is the one true building block of everything in the universeWhich sentence from the article helps the reader to understand that the nucleus of an atom is very small?A Still, scientists have found things that are smaller than atomsB The idea that tiny, unbreakable particles make up everything that exists is more than 2,000 years oldC Hiding in the atom's center is the tiny nucleusD (If an atom were the size of a racetrack, the nucleus would be about the size of a pea in the middle.)Read the paragraph below from the section "... 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Which of the following sampling designs would be most effective in gathering the information the manager requires?A. a convenience sample from the areaB. a simple random sample from the areaC. a cluster sample using the neighborhoods as clustersD. a stratified sample from the neighborhoods in the areaE. an online poll that invites all people from the neighborhoods in the area to participate What is the total number of electrons in a S2- jon?1.102.14164.18