Due to the cancellation of the two opposing dipoles within the molecule, CO2 is a nonpolar molecule. Consequently, the modest dispersion forces are its main intermolecular forces.
What are the forces between molecules?
Intermolecular forces are those that exist between molecules. It differs from an intramolecular force—that is, a force that exists within a molecule—because of this. A force within a molecule would therefore resemble a covalent bond. Intermolecular force is the name for the force that exists between molecules.
What are instances of intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces operate between molecules. In contrast, intramolecular pressures are produced by molecules themselves. Intermolecular forces are less powerful than intramolecular forces. Intermolecular forces include the London dispersion force, dipole-dipole interaction, ion-dipole interaction, and van der Waals.
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a novice scientist would like to test the solubility of an unknown compound. she adds a known amount of the compound to a test tube that holds 10 ml of water. she swirls the solution, mixing the substances together and places the test tube in a rack. a cloudy film begins to form near the bottom of the test tube. one possible conclusion might be that .
The conclusion that can be drawn from this experiment is that the unknown compound is soluble in water.
What is solubility?
The ability of the a substance, this same solute, to combine with another substance, this same solvent, is known as solubility in chemistry. Insolubility, or the solute's inability to create such a solution, is the opposite property. The concentration of a solute in a saturated solution—a solution where no more solute could be dissolved—is typically used to gauge the extent of a substance's solubility in a particular solvent. The two substances are thought to be just at solubility equilibrium at this time. There may not be a limit for some solutes and solvents, in which case the two are referred to as "miscible throughout all percentages" (or just "miscible").
The conclusion that can be drawn from this experiment is that the unknown compound is soluble in water. This can be seen from the cloudy film that has formed near the bottom of the test tube when the known amount of the compound was added to the water. This indicates that the compound has dissolved in the water, forming a solution.
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Propose an efficient synthesis for the following transformation: The transformation above can be performed with some reagent or combination of the reagents listed below. Give the necessary reagent(s) in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation, such as "EBF"). If there is more than one correct solution, provide just one answer.
The transformation can be performed using the reagents BF3 and E. The sequence of reagents should be BF3 followed by E. BF3 (Boron trifluoride) functions as a Lewis acid and can be used to activate an alkene to make it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. E (an electrophile) can then perform an electrophilic addition to the activated alkene to give the desired product.
The Role of BF3 and E in Electrophilic Addition ReactionsElectrophilic addition reactions are an important class of organic chemistry transformations that are used to convert alkenes into a variety of products. One common method of performing these reactions is to use the reagents Boron trifluoride (BF3) and an electrophile (E). The use of these two reagents in tandem allows for the efficient synthesis of a variety of products from simple alkenes.
BF3 is a Lewis acid, meaning that it can activate an alkene by forming a coordinate bond with the double bond. This results in the formation of an intermediate with a partially positive partial charge on the carbon atom, making it more suitable for electrophilic attack. The electrophile (E) is then able to attack the partially positive carbon atom and form a new carbon-carbon bond. This results in the desired product.
In summary, the reagents BF3 and E can be used in tandem to efficiently synthesize a variety of products from simple alkenes. BF3 activates the alkene, making it more suitable for attack by the electrophile, and the electrophile can then perform the desired electrophilic addition reaction. This method of synthesis is highly efficient and has become a common tool in organic chemistry.
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if an automobile air bag has a volume of 11.3 l , what mass of nan3 (in g ) is required to fully inflate the air bag upon impact? assume stp conditions.
The mass of nan3 (in g ) is required to fully inflate the air bag upon impact. The universal gas constant (R), temperature, and the number of moles of the gas (N) are all factors in the ideal gas equation that link the pressure (P) and volume (V) that a gas occupies (T).
PV= NRT
We get many significant inferences from this:
Volume changes in direct proportion to temperature for a given pressure.
Pressure fluctuates directly with temperature for a given volume.
We are given Volume of the airbag,
v=11.2 L
Let: The mass of NaN3 required be m grams
By balancing the decomposition of NaN3, we get:2NaN3s=2Na(s)+3N2(g)
Therefore, for 3 moles N2(g), we need 2 moles NaN3.
From the above, we can get the moles of
NaN3(s) needed for 1 mole of N2(g)
: n0=23 ........................(1)
At STP, the moles of gas required to fill the airbag will be: n1=11.3=22.4⟹n1=0.5044
By using relation (1), we can determine the moles of NaN3(required to produce 0.5044 moles of N2(g) to be: n2=n1×n0
Plugging in the known values we get: n2=0.5044×23⟹2=0.3362
The molecular weight of NaN3 is M=65g. Therefore, we can calculate the mass of, NaN3 to be m=M×n2, plugging in the values, we get:
m=65×0.3362⟹m=21.853g, Hence, we need 21.853 grams of
NaN3 to fill up a 11.3-liter airbag.
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compare the structures of cellulose and amylose. what is the same about the two figures? what is different? what stabilizes these structures
They both lack branching chains. They are carbohydrate linear polymers connected by 1,4 links. Both of them are sophisticated polysaccharides. Cellulose creates long, chains, whereas Starch is shaped like a helix.
What purpose does cellulose serve?Paper, board, including textile made from cotton, flax, and other plant fibers mostly consist of cellulose. Additionally, it is employed in the creation of cellulose derivatives, films, and fibers.
What foods have a high cellulose content?Vegetables with roots and leaves, beans, and also some fruits like pears and apples all contain significant amounts of cellulose. Fruits, especially berries and peaches, have the highest lignin concentration, whereas apples and citrus fruits have the highest pectin levels.
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how does the concentration of hydrochloric acid (0.0625m, 0.125m, 0.25m, 0.5m, 1m) affect the rate of reaction when calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?
CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H20+CO2
As the concentration of HCl is increased, the rate of reaction will increase. Experimental results show that there is a strong correlation between the co. In summary, this correlation indicates that mass loss increases with increasing hydrochloric acid concentration in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. This therefore leads to higher reaction rates, as is known from collision theory. Increasing the concentration of the first-order reaction in this way results in a proportional increase in product formation. This is because the reactants become denser and the collisions become more successful. This was revealed in experiments involving the two reactants
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4. a plate has 259 colonies, with a sample volume of 10-6 ml. what was the original concentration in the sample?
The original concentration is 259,000,000=2.6 x 10-8.
OCD=CFU/original cell volume
259/10-6=259,000,000=2.6 x 10-8
Concentration is a totally commonplace idea utilized in chemistry and associated fields. It's far the degree of the way an awful lot of a given substance there may be combined with some other substance.
The concentration of an answer is the degree of the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution. A concentrated solution is one that has a fantastically large amount of dissolved solute.
In chemistry, concentration refers to the quantity of a substance in a defined space. Any other definition is that attention is the ratio of solute in a solution to either solvent or overall answer.
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how many monochloro substitution products are produced when the alkanes below are chlorinated? consider constitutional isomers only, ignore stereoisomers.
When the alkanes below are chlorinated they produce 3 monochloro substitution products. These isomers have the same chemical formula, but their atoms arrangements are different.
What are constitutional versus isomeric isomers?
Although structural (constitutional) isomers share the same chemical formula but their atoms are bonded in a different way. Stereoisomers have the same atomic configurations and chemical formulae. The groups' spatial orientation is the only thing which distinguishes the molecules distinguishes them from one another.
What are instances of stereoisomers?
According to the general definition of stereoisomers, stereoisomers are isomers with the same composition (i.e., the same parts), but different orientations in space. Stereoisomers are of two different types which are enantiomers and diastereomers.
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3
b Li + 0,₂ → Li₂O
2 how to balance
Answer:
4Li + O2 = 2Li2O
Explanation:
1. Label Each Compound With a Variable
Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to represent the unknown coefficients.
aLi + bO2 = cLi2O
2. Create a System of Equations
Create an equation for each element (Li, O) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.
Li: 1a + 0b = 2c
O: 0a + 2b = 1c
3. Solve For All Variables
Use substitution, gauss elimination, or a calculator to solve for each variable.
Simplify the result to get the lowest, whole integer values.
4. Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result
4Li + O2 = 2Li2O
Reactants Products
Li 4 4 ✔️
O 2 2 ✔️
Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of 4Li + O2 = 2Li2O, the equation is balanced.
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the Ka of a monoprotic weak acid is 0.00247. what is the percent ionization of a 0.157 m solution of this acid?
Percent Ionization of a 0.157 m solution of this acid is 16.4%.
What is Percent Ionization?
The ratio of the equilibrium H3O+ concentration to the initial HA concentration, multiplied by 100%, is the definition of the weak acid, HA, percent ionization.
Ionization energy, sometimes referred to as ionisation potential, is the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule in physics and chemistry.
In an electric discharge tube, when a quickly moving electron produced by an electric current collides with a gaseous atom of the element, causing it to eject one of its electrons, the ionisation energy of a chemical element, given in joules or electron volts, is often measured.
You must have been referring to this monoprotic acid, which we will refer to as HA, since the Ka value is 0.00584.
HA <==> H+ + A-
Ka = 0.00584 = [H+]
[A-]/[HA]
Assuming that x is modest in comparison to 0.181, 0.00584 = (x)(x)/0.181 - x, we shall disregard it for the time being.
x2 = 0.001057
Since our assumption was erroneous and this value is closer to 18% of 0.180, we must now utilize the quadratic equation to solve for x. x = [H+] = [A-] = 0.0325
x2 = 0.001057 - 0.00584x
x = 0.0297
Ionization percentage equals 0.0297/0.181 (100%) = 16.4%.
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in a laboratory environment some of the most commonly used chemicals are organic solvents, many of which are volatile chemicals. a volatile chemical is one that
A volatile chemical is one that evaporates readily with a high vapor pressure and low boiling point.
High vapor pressure liquids are referred to as volatile liquids, and they frequently easily evaporate from an open container.
When something boils at a low temperature, it is said to be volatile.
Gases that are released into the air by goods or activities are known as volatile organic compounds, or VOCs. Some, such as those that cause cancer, are dangerous on their own. Some air pollutants can also combine with other gases to create new air pollutants once they are in the atmosphere.
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A mixture of gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. The cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of 1atm . The cylinder is also submerged in a large insulated water bath. (See sketch at right.) The temperature of the water bath is monitored, and it is determined from this data that 370.kJ of heat flows out of the system during the reaction. The position of the piston is also monitored, and it is determined from this data that the system does 316.kJ of work on the piston during the reaction
Since heat was moving through the system, the reaction would be endothermic. As heat left the water and entered the system, the temperature of the water bath would decrease.
Piston motion: inward or outward?A piston that is housed inside a cylinder and utilized in a gasoline engine with many sections. A piston is a rotating disk that is encased in a cylinder and sealed off from the atmosphere by piston rings. As a liquid or gas inside the cylinder expands and compresses, the disk moves inside the cylinder.
Is energy released or absorbed during the reaction?
Energy is needed to break the bonds in chemical reactions, and energy is released when new bonds form as a result of the process. In contrast to endothermic reactions, which absorb energy, exothermic reactions release energy.
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Barium-131 is used in the detection of bone tumors. The half-life of barium-131 is approximately 12 days. How long will it take for the radiation level of barium-131 to drop to 1/4 of its original level?.
The amount of barium-131 radiation will be reduced to 1/4 of its initial level after 24 days.
How long is a half-life in terms of time?The period of time needed for the reactant concentration to drop to half its initial value is known as the half-life of a reaction. t 1/2 = 0.693/k is a constant that relates to the reaction's rate constant and represents the half-life of a first-order reaction.
How does a first order reaction's half-life equation work?t1/2 = 0.693/k is a constant that relates to the reaction's rate constant and represents the half-life of a first-order reaction.
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consider the equilibrium system described by the chemical reaction below. if 0.1908 moles of co₂, 0.0908 moles of h₂, 0.0092 moles of co, and 0.0092 moles of h₂o are present in a 2.00 l reaction vessel at equilibrium at 300 k, what is the value of kc of the reaction at this temperature? co₂(g) h₂(g) ⇌ co(g) h₂o(g)
In equilibrium The value of kc of the reaction at this temperature is 4.886 ×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]
What is equilibrium system ?
When the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal, a system is said to be in equilibrium. The rate of the forward reaction increases when more reactant is added. As the reverse reaction rate remains constant at first, the equilibrium appears to shift toward the product, or right, side of the equation.
Here,
CO2 = [tex]\frac{moles}{volume}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.1908}{2}[/tex] = 0.0954M
H2 = [tex]\frac{0.1908 }{2}[/tex] = 0.0454M
CO = [tex]\frac{0.0092}{2}[/tex] = 0.0046M
H2O = [tex]\frac{0.0092}{2}[/tex] = 0.0046M
Now, Kc = [tex]\frac{ 0.0046 * 0.0046}{0.0954 *0.0454M}[/tex]
Kc = 4.886 ×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]
Hence 4.886 ×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex] is a correct answer.
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from the gc data, assign the signals to 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-1-butene. how were the assignments made?
A GC-MS generates three-dimensional data, including chromatograms that can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis, mass spectra that can be used for identity confirmation, unknown analyte identification, and structural and chemical property determination of molecules.
What do you learn from GC-MS data?The GCMS quantifies the amount of each chemical present in a sample by comparing it to a standard, which is a previously determined amount of the chemical that was also measured on the GCMS.
Each substance that is separated by the GC is represented by a peak on a graph called a chromatogram. The quantity of peaks indicates the quantity of separated compounds in the sample. The location of each peak displays the compound's retention time.
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Complete question is "from the gc data, assign the signals to 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-1-butene. how were the assignments made?"
2-methyl-1-butene 1 1.548 95.9
2 4.54 4.1
2-methyl-2-butene 1 7.5 big, broad peak
calculate the average translational kinetic energy of an oxygen molecule. one mole of oxygen molecules has a mass of 32.0 g
Average K.E FOR n Mole of a gas=3/2nRT
= 3/2*1*8.314*296
=3691.4 j/mole
Kinetic energy is the power an object has because of its motion. If we want to boost up an object, then we must follow a force. making use of force requires us to do paintings. After work has been accomplished, energy has been transferred to the object, and the object might be moving with a new consistent speed.
The kinetic energy of an item is the electricity that it possesses because of its motion. it is defined because the work needed to boost up a frame of a given mass from relaxation to its stated pace. Having gained this energy for the duration of its acceleration, the frame maintains this kinetic electricity except for its pace changes
Potential energy saved energy that relies upon the relative position of numerous components of a gadget. A spring has greater potential energy when it is compressed or stretched. A steel ball has extra capability strength raised above the ground than it has after falling to Earth.
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what quantity of heat (in kj) will be released if 1.20 mol of sro is mixed with 0.951 mol of co₂ in the following chemical reaction? sro (s) co₂ (g) → srco₃ (s) ∆h°
In this case, we will calculate -222.53 kilojoules. The exchange of heat from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object is referred to as heat transfer.
How to solve?Complete question: How much heat will be released (∆H) if 1.20 mol of SrO is mixed with 0.951 mol of CO₂ in the following chemical reaction? SrO (s) + CO₂ (g) → SrCO₃ (s) ∆H° = -234 kJ/mol?
- 1 moles of SrO reacts with 1 mole of CO2,therefore,
1.20 mol of SrO should react with 0.951 x 1 =0.951 moles of CO2
SrO is limiting reagent and CO2 is excess reagent
1 moles of SrO releases -234 KJ/mol of energy
1.20 mole SrO will release -234KJ/mol x 0.951 = -222.53 KJ/mol of energy
Answer: -222.53 KJ/mol
What causes heat to be released?Heat is released during an exothermic reaction, raising the temperature of the immediate environment. The environment is cooled by an endothermic process that absorbs heat.
What is the heat transfer equation?The formula for heat transfer is Q=m.c.T, where Q is the amount of heat transmitted, m is the mass, c is the specific heat, and t is the temperature change.
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the balance of aluminum is 3 in the balance of chlorine is 921 the formula for aluminum chloride is correctly written as
Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is a chemical compound formed from aluminum and chloride.
Aluminum chloride is a chemical compound that, while uncontaminated, is a white solid and, when contaminated with iron chloride, a yellow powder. The periodic table's group 13 and period 3 elements of aluminum and group 17 and period 3 elements of chlorine make up the entire formula for aluminum chloride.
Aluminum and chlorine ions combine to form aluminum chloride, a neutral ionic compound. Aluminum chloride has zero net charge overall. The chloride anion is a negatively charged ion Cl⁻, whereas the aluminum cation is a positively charged ion Al³⁺. The aluminium cation, which has three of its valence electrons transferred to chlorine, has more protons than electrons. Although it only requires one electron to reach the electron configuration of the noble gas argon, chlorine cannot accept more than one electron.
Hence, aluminum chloride is a neutral chemical compound
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If 3.21 moles of ammonia gas occupy 5.22 L at 50.0oC, calculate the pressure of the gas using the ideal gas equation AND by using the van der Waals equation. Compare each value to the actual measured pressure of 15.4 atm under these conditions.
R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1, for ammonia under these conditions,
a = 4.17 atm L2 mol-2 and b =0.0371 L mol-1.
The pressure of the gas using the ideal gas equation and by using the van der Waals equation is 2.52 atm and 0.164 atm.
What is ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is defined as the state equation for a fictitious perfect gas. Although it has significant drawbacks, it is a decent approximation of the behavior of many gases under various conditions.
Given n = 3.21 moles
V = 5.22 L
T = 50 °C
R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1
a = 4.17 atm L2 mol-2
b = 0.0371 L mol-1
Ideal gas equation
PV = nRT
P = nRT / V
P = 3.21 x 0.0821 x 50.0 / 5.22
P = 2.52 atm
Van der Waals equation
P = RT / V - b - a / V²
P = 0.0821 x 50.0 / 5.22 - 0.0371 - 4.17 / ( 5.22 )²
P = 0.317 - 0.153
P = 0.164 atm
Thus, the pressure of the gas using the ideal gas equation and by using the van der Waals equation is 2.52 atm and 0.164 atm.
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which of the following is not a postulate or assumption of the kinetic molecular theory? select the correct answer below: pressure exerted by a gas in a container results from collisions between the gas molecules and the container walls molecules composing the gas are negligibly small compared to the distances between them gas molecules exert no attractive or repulsive forces on each other or the container walls all of the above are postulates
The right response to the preceding question is: "Repulsive forces on each other or the container walls, both of which are postulates."
The Kinetic Molecular Theory's five fundamental tenets are as follows:
1. The molecules that make up gases are constantly moving, moving straight forward, and only changing direction when they clash with other molecules or the walls of a container.
2. The gas's constituent molecules are minuscule in comparison to the spaces between them.
3. Molecules in a gas collide with the container walls to exert pressure on the walls of the container.
4. Since gas molecules are not attracted to or repelled by the container walls, their collisions are not caused by these forces.
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The kinetic atomic theory does not postulate or assume any of the aforementioned postulates.
What do collisions entail?In physics, collision, which is also known as impact, is the abrupt, violent coming together in close proximity or two substances, such as two pool cues, a club and a shot, a mallet and a nail, two train carriages when linked, or a falling item and a floor.
Why do objects collide?Road rage is the primary reason for car accidents. Speeding, disobeying traffic signs, making incorrect turns, and operating a vehicle while inebriated or on the influence of drugs are significant risk factors for car accidents.
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Why is shampoo not harmful to hair but soap is? select all statements that apply.
It is acidic shampoo. Not basic, but in between acidic and neutral. Because basic shampoo would be harmful in this situation. The basic ph of soap is incorrect.
Shampoo or hair soap, which is worse for hair?Once or twice will not harm your hair when you wash it with soap, but frequent washings with bar soap can lead to serious issues including roughness and severe tangles. Choose a shampoo instead to clean your hair. Dry shampoo is an excellent option for your hair if you wish to forgo shampoo.
Does soap damage hair?You can wash your hair with soap, but if you're used to using liquid shampoo, the results will probably not be satisfactory.
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after studying how many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of that in the late th and early th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
After studying many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of law that in the late 19th and early 20th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
What does "wavelength" mean in chemistry?The distance in between given position and the identical point in the following wave cycle is known as the wavelength () in waves.
In chemistry, what do wavelength and frequency mean?The distance between two wave crests, which also applies to troughs, is known as the wavelength. The frequency is determined in cycles each second (Hz), which is the quantity of vibrations that cross a specific area in a second (Hertz). In this article, the relationship between frequency and the wavelength is covered.
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I understand the question you are looking for is :
After studying how many different elements absorb X-rays, Harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of X-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of _____________ that in the late 19th and early 20th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
cna someone find the charge of the metal in Ni(s) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) --> Ni(NO3)2(aq) + Pb(s)? Pls give step by step explanation of how you found it.
Explanation:
The nitrate ion is a radical with an overall charge of -1. To get the oxidation number of lead add up all the oxidation numbers and equate to zero. Where x= O.N of lead. Therefore the oxidation state of lead is +2.
complete and balance the following neutralization reaction, name the products, and write the net ionic equation.
The main products in neutralization reaction are aluminium chloride and water .
What is neutralization reaction?
When same amount of strong acid is react with the same amount of strong base then the reaction is known as neutralization reaction.
The complete balanced reaction is:
[tex]Al(OH)_{3} + 3HCl - > AlCl_{3}+3H_{2} O[/tex]
And the net ionic equation is:
[tex]3H^{+}+3OH^{-} - > 3H_{2}O[/tex]
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Other than a nuclear power plant find two other applicants of fission.
a rigid tank contains 1 kg propane at 500k, 1500 kpa. it is now cooled down to 300 k. find the ehat transfer and the change in entropy
the heat transfer and the change in entropy is −0.8868 kJ/K.
how to solve ?Ideal gas, constant volume so there is no work.
m (u₂ -u₁) = ₁Q₂ ₋ ₁w₂ = ₁Q₂
u₂ ₋ u₁ = Cv (T₂ ₋ T₁) = 1.736(300 - 500) = 347.2kJ/Kg
₁Q₂ = m (u₂ - u₁ ) = 1(-347.2) = -347.2kj
the change in s for an ideal gas v₂ = v₁ gives
m(s₂ - s₁ ) = m [Cv₀ In T₁/T₂ + R In T₂/T₁
= 1kg ˣ 1.736kj / kg - K In 300/500 = -0.8868kJ/K
What is a simple definition of entropy?the amount of thermal energy per unit of temperature in a system that cannot be used for productive work. Entropy is a measure of a system's molecular disorder or unpredictability since work is produced by organized molecular motion.
What does a negative change in entropy mean?Entropy is the amount of disorder in a system. Disorder is much more probable than order in a random system. So if entropy is the amount of disorder, negative entropy means something has less disorder, or more order.
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a reaction vessel contains5.50 g of co and 5.50g of o2. how many grams of co2 could be produced according to the following unbalanced reaction?
Grams of CO2 produced = 8.63 g
From the question, we have
5.50g of oxygen and 5.50g of co are present in the reaction vessel.
Moles of CO = 5.50 * 1/28.01
=0.196 moles
Moles of O2 = 5.50*1/15.99
= 0.344 moles
Moles of O2 required = 0.344/2 = 0.172 moles
Grams of CO2 produced = 0.196*44.01
=8.63 g
Equal numbers of atoms from various elements are present in both the reactants and the products in balanced chemical equations. Varied elements' atom counts in the reactants and products of unbalanced chemical equations are different. Unbalanced chemical equations are those that have an uneven number of atoms of one or more elements in the reactants and products.
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a gas sample contains 4.00 g of ch 4. what is the volume of the sample at stp? 32.0 l 16.8 l 22.4 l 5.59 l 132 l
A gas sample contains 4.00g of CH₄. The volume of a given sample at standard temperature and pressure(STP) condition is 5.59 L.
At STP condition, the pressure is 1atm and the value of temperature is 0°C, which is 273K. First calculate moles of CH₄. The molar mass of CH₄ is
Molar mass=(12+(4×1))g/mol
=(12+4)g/mol
=16g/mol
Therefore, the moles of CH₄ is
moles=4.00 g×(1 mol/16 g)
moles=0.25 mol
To find out volume, use ideal gas law formula which is
PV=nRT
R=0.08206 Latm/molK
Rearrange the formula for V
V=nRT/P
Plug all values in the formula
V=(0.25mol×0.08206Latm×273K/1atm×molK)
V=5.601 L
V=5.60 L
Therefore, the volume of a sample is 5.60 L, which is closer to the value 5.59L. Hence, the volume of a sample is 5.59 L.
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a-hawks
b-caterpillars
c-foxes
I'm pretty sure its b Caterpillars
Base-catalyzed biodiesel production utilizes __________________: transformation of an ester into another ester through interchange of the alkoxy group.
Base-catalyzed biodiesel production utilizes transesterification : transformation of an ester into another ester through interchange of the alkoxy group.
What is a transesterification ?
Transesterification is defined as the chemical process of converting triglycerides with alcohol into alkyl esters using a catalyst [64]. Because of their low cost and ease of availability, methanol and ethanol are commonly used alcohols in this process.Strong acids catalyse the reaction by donating a proton to the carbonyl group, resulting in a more potent electrophile, whereas bases catalyse the reaction by removing a proton from the alcohol, resulting in a more nucleophilic product. The carbonyl carbon of the starting ester reacts to form a tetrahedral intermediate, which either reverts to the starting material or proceeds to the transesterified product in the transesterification mechanism (RCOOR2). The various species are in equilibrium, and the distribution of the product is determined by the relative energies of the reactant and product. Depending on the reaction conditions, ester hydrolysis and/or esterification will also occur, resulting in the presence of some free carboxylic acid.To learn more about transesterification refer :
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Write the molecular formulas of alkane,alkene with one double bond, alkene with two double bonds,Cycloalkane and Cycloalkenenwith no substituents comprising six carbons.
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, chemical formula can be shown as below.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond.
Compound chemical formula
alkane CnH2n+2
alkene with one double bond CH[tex]_2[/tex]=CH[tex]_2[/tex]
alkene with two double bond CH[tex]_2[/tex]=c=CH[tex]_2[/tex]
cycloalkane C[tex]_6[/tex]H[tex]_{12}[/tex]
Therefore, chemical formula can be shown as above.
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