Explain TWO likely effects of a relatively small number of red blood cells on the body

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

The red blood cells are highly specialized, well adapted for their primary function of transporting oxygen from the lungs to all of the body tissues. Red cells are approximately 7.8 μm (1 μm = 0.000039 inch) in diameter and have the form of biconcave disks, a shape that provides a large surface-to-volume ratio. When fresh blood is examined with the microscope, red cells appear to be yellow-green disks with pale centres containing no visible internal structures. When blood is centrifuged to cause the cells to settle, the volume of packed red cells (hematocrit value) ranges between 42 and 54 percent of total volume in men and between 37 and 47 percent in women; values are somewhat lower in children. Normal red blood cells are fairly uniform in volume, so that the hematocrit value is determined largely by the number of red cells per unit of blood. The normal red cell count ranges between four million and six million per cubic millimetre.

The red blood cell is enclosed in a thin membrane that is composed of chemically complex lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in a highly organized structure. Extraordinary distortion of the red cell occurs in its passage through minute blood vessels, many of which have a diameter less than that of the red cell. When the deforming stress is removed, the cell springs back to its original shape. The red cell readily tolerates bending and folding, but, if appreciable stretching of the membrane occurs, the cell is damaged or destroyed. The membrane is freely permeable to water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, urea, and certain other substances, but it is impermeable to hemoglobin. Within the cell the major cation is potassium; in contrast, in plasma and extracellular fluids the major cation is sodium. A pumping mechanism, driven by enzymes within the red cell, maintains its sodium and potassium concentrations. Red cells are subject to osmotic effects. When they are suspended in very dilute (hypotonic) solutions of sodium chloride, red cells take in water, which causes them to increase in volume and to become more spheroid; in concentrated salt solutions they lose water and shrink.

When red cell membranes are damaged, hemoglobin and other dissolved contents may escape from the cells, leaving the membranous structures as “ghosts.” This process, called hemolysis, is produced not only by the osmotic effects of water but also by numerous other mechanisms. These include physical damage to red cells, as when blood is heated, is forced under great pressure through a small needle, or is subjected to freezing and thawing; chemical damage to red cells by agents such as bile salts, detergents, and certain snake venoms; and damage caused by immunologic reactions that may occur when antibodies attach to red cells in the presence of complement. When such destruction proceeds at a greater than normal rate, hemolytic anemia results.

Explanation:


Related Questions

A ______ is a cycle or orbit around the sun

Answers

Answer:

A PLANET

Explanation: BECAUSE THATS HOW WE GET DAY AND NIGHT PEOPLE IT TELLS YOU IN THE TEXT READ IT PAETTENTION

1. All of the following are true regarding solids except for:
A) Molecules are tightly packed in a solid.
B) Molecules vibrate at a slow speed, in a fixed position
C) Molecules move quickly and freely past one another in a solid.
D) A solid has a definite shape and structure,​

Answers

Answer:

c is the answer

because if solids moved quikly and freely they wouldn't be so hard like compared to a liquid and it free shape.

How many generations are represented in the pedigree above? *

Answers

Answer:

A basic pedigree usually includes three generations—the consultand's first-degree relatives (parents, children, siblings) and second-degree relatives (half siblings, grandparents, aunts and uncles, grandchildren). Third-degree relatives, particularly cousins, are often included, if only to note that they "exist."

Explanation:

Which of the following helpWhich of the following helps to lubricate a moveable joint?s to lubricate a moveable joint?

Answers

Answer:

Synovial fluid

Explanation:

Synovial fluid is between the joints to help them move freely.

Which rainforest layer supports the greatest biodiversity?
A. forest floor layer
B. emergent layer
C. canopy layer
D. understory layer

Answers

Correct answer - Canopy layer.

Why? - The canopy layer of the rainforest is where most of the plant and animal species are found.

How long does it take for weathering to shape earths surface

Answers

Answer:

The effects of weathering disintegrate and alter mineral and rocks near or at the earth's surface. This shapes the earth's surface through such processes as wind and rain erosion or cracks caused by freezing and thawing. Each process has a distinct effect on rocks and minerals.


How does a volcanic eruption affect the Earth's atmosphere?

Answers

Answer:

The gases and dust particles thrown into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions have influences on climate. Most of the particles spewed from volcanoes cool the planet by shading incoming solar radiation. The cooling effect can last for months to years depending on the characteristics of the eruption. Volcanoes have also caused global warming over millions of years during times in Earth’s history when extreme amounts of volcanism occurred, releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

(hope it helps.)

THE ANSWER IS A I DIDNT SEE THE TOP

Specialized cell parts


A. Cell Theory

B. Vacuole

C. Organelles

D. Tissues

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

(organelles) means more than one organ. cells* make up organs; different organs that carry out DIFFERENT functions.

so therefore each organ is specialized to carry a different function

The parts inside of a cell are called organelles!

pp is wisdom......................

Answers

Answer:

y e s

Explanation:

id say so ‍♀️......nsnsnsn

50 POINTS AD BRAINLIEST FOR RIGHT ANSWER. IF YOU STEAL MY POINTS I WILL HUNT YOU DOWN
When watering the yard, a student made on observation about the height and position of blades of grass in the areas that get different amounts of sunlight. When conducting an experiment to answer their question of "Why do the grass blades grow away from the side in the shade?" the student gathered the following data:

The only difference between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grass in the experiment

Explain, with detail, why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light. Include the following terms in your explanation: phototropism, hormone, and shoot system.

Answers

Answer:

The shoot of a grass seedling is enclosed in a sheath called the coleoptile, which grows straight upward if kept in the dark or illuminated uniformly from all sides. If it is illuminated from one side, it will curve toward the light as a result of differential growth of cells on opposite sides of the coleoptile.

Explanation: HOPE IT HELPS

HAVE A GOOD DAY

Answer:

Can you smell what the rock is cooking

Explanation:

The shoot of a grass seedling is enclosed in a sheath called the coleoptile, which grows straight upward if kept in the dark or illuminated uniformly from all sides. If it is illuminated from one side, it will curve toward the light as a result of differential growth of cells on opposite sides of the coleoptile.

What do you already know about photosynthesis and cellular reputation? (At least three sentences) BRAINLIEST INVOLVED AND

Answers

I'm not sure what YOU already know about photosynthesis and cellular respiration.... however, you SHOULD know that the two are beautifully linked to one another!

Photosynthesis equation:

6CO2+6H2O -> C6H12O6+H2O

Cellular respiration

C6H12O6+H2O -> 6CO2+6H2O

Notice something? The substrates of one equation are the products of the other! We rely on plants for their photosynthetic reactions - and plants benefit from us (not really because there is already a TON of CO2 in the atmosphere) from our cellular respiration

***we like their oxygen and they like our carbon dioxide!

:) I hope that helps! Let me know if you need any more elaboration!

Is this correct? Pls​

Answers

Yes it can turn into sedimentary or metamorphic rock

Yes it is it is correct sibdirbrbbehdhdbdbbdfhf

CAN SOMEONE HELP ME ON 4

Answers

Answer:

4. The offspring are the result of sexual reproduction

Explanation:

Erm it 1a one ope this helps u

what do you notice about where the primers attach in each person

Answers

Answer:

You will notice that each primer creates two bands on the gel, because each person has two copies of each chromosome. Based on the test, match the skin and blood samples.

Explanation:

please give brainliest

objects with more _____ have more gravity.

Answers

Answer:

objects with more mass have more gravity

Explanation:

he added an identical combination of wood shavings, shredded paper, nitrogen, and bacteria. He mixed the materials in each bin and adjusted the insulation around the bins to maintain daily target temperatures. He then monitored the temperature, moisture, and amount of decomposition of the compost in each bin over an eight-week period.

Answers

Answer:

Composting, or controlled decomposition, requires a proper balance of “green” organic materials and “brown” organic materials. “Green” organic material includes grass clippings, food scraps, and manure, which contain large amounts of nitrogen. “Brown” organic materials includes dry leaves, wood chips, and branches, which contain large amounts of carbon but little nitrogen. Obtaining the right nutrient mix requires experimentation and patience. It is part of the art and science of composting

Explanation:

thankyou

Type of neuron that pick up stimuli from the internal or external environment through sensory organs ?

Answers

Answer:

sensory neuron

Explanation:

The type of neuron that is being described in this scenario is known as a sensory neuron. Like mentioned in this question this neuron picks up a stimuli from any both internal and external environments. It converts this stimuli into a nerve impulse. This nerve impulse is ultimately what the sensory neuron sends to the sensory organs. The nerve impulse is sent through a synapse and received to create an action potential.

what is a gene
A. A series of DNA molecules.
B. A segment of protein.
C. A series of amino acids.
D. A segment of DNA molecule.

Answers

Answer:

D. A segment of DNA molecule

Explanation:

Gene is a segment of a DNA molecule that holds instruction needed for the synthesis of useful products (protein). Ideally, DNA is the storage material of genetic information in a cell. The DNA harbors the GENE, which itself is being expressed in order to use the information contained in it to produce useful products responsible for the phenotype of an organism.

A gene contains sequences made up of nucleotide bases that determines the sequence of amino acids to be produced, and ultimately the type of protein.

Answer:

A segment of DNA molecule

Explanation:

Cells Vs Viruses
Using at least 5 COMPLETE Sentences write how viruses are similar (2) and different (2) from cells.
1

Answers

Answer:

Cells are the basic units of life, and can exist by themselves or as part of a larger organism. Viruses, on the other hand, are non-living infectious particles. They are much smaller than a cell and need a living host to reproduce. Cells and viruses have nucleic acid genomes based on the same genetic code that’s used in the cells. Cells and viruses also have genetic variation and can evolve.

Using the template, construct an appropriately labeled graph to represent the data in Table 1. Based on the data, determine whether the concentration of Chlorella on day 20 is statistically different from the concentration on day 15 and from the concentration on day 25.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Carbon fixation in different temperatures can be clearly seen in the graph.

Explanation:

a) Above the optimum temperature, the increasing in environmental temperatures decreases the carbon fixation. This is because rubisco is an enzyme, a protein, and proteins tend to loose function at high temperatures due to getting close or even reaching denaturation.

b)  Carbon fixation in different temperatures can be clearly seen in the graph. We can see how the rates go down as the temperature passes the optimal temperature.

c) The plants produce caarbohydrates due to a good carbon fixation, so we have to look at the worst carbon fixation rates in the graph. The lowest amount of carbogydrates will occur at temperatures around 50°C. Based on the knowledge we have about protein denaturation, we could even say temperatures above 50°C will show even lower carbohydrate production.

Science
Teacher View
Q3.What are the two products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen and Water
Carbon dioxide and Water
Glucose and Water
Oxygen and Glucose​

Answers

Answer:

oxygen and glucose

Explanation:

it is oxygen and glucose pog

Oxygen and glucose! :)

help with my biology

Answers

for metaphase it’s the second one
1. The cell prepares for mitosis.
2. chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Which of these groups
of animals appeared on
Earth most recently?

A. Reptiles
B. Amphibians
C. Mammals
D. Fish

Answers

Answer: It’s C :)

Explanation:

The most recent groups  of animals appeared on Earth among given choices is the - option C. Mammals

Different organisms appeared in different time periods on the geological time scale on the earth. We know that prokaryotes are the most ancient organisms about 3.5 - 3.8 billion years ago then due to the presence of oxygen photosynthetic organisms appeared 3 billion years ago, 2 billion years to eukaryotic cells, and 1 billion years of multicellular life.

 Fossils studies help in finding the time scale of the organism that appeared or was extinct on the earth.

Earth includes the evolution of animals as the following:  

600 million years - primitive animals. 570 million years - arthropods  500 million years - fishes  400 million years - insects. 360 million years - amphibians. 300 million years - reptiles. 200 million years - mammals. 150 million years - birds. 2.5 million years - Homo. 200,000 years - modern humans.

Thus, the correct answer would be - option C. mammals.

Learn more about geological time scale:

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2. What did Jan van Helmont conclude from his experiment?

Answers

Answer:

As the weight of the soil had hardly changed, van Helmont concluded that plant growth cannot only be due to minerals from the soil.

Explanation:

He thought that the extra plant material had come from the water alone.

Answer:

oo

Explanation:

because we need to experience it

List three features of S. crassirotris' skeleton that imply that the animal was adapted to flying.

Answers

The mechanics of pterosaur flight are not completely understood or modeled at this time. however, many evidences seems to prove that they were very capable fliers.
Pterosaur bones were hollow and air-filled, like the bones of birds. They had a keeled breastbone that was developed for the attachment of flight muscles and an enlarged brain that shows specialised features associated with flight. In some later pterosaurs, the backbone over the shoulders fused into a structure known as a notarium, which served to stiffen the torso during flight, and provide a stable support for the scapula (shoulder blade).

The mechanics of pterosaur flight is still not clear, three features of S. crassirotris' skeleton are:

1. Pterosaur bones were hollow and air-filled, like the bones of birds.

2. They had a keeled breastbone that was developed for the attachment of flight muscles and an enlarged brain that shows specialised features associated with flight.

3. The backbone over the shoulders fused into a structure known as a notarium, which served to stiffen the torso during flight, and provide stable support for the scapula.

What time period did the Scaphognathus live in?

Scaphognathus live, 167.7 million years ago - 145 million years ago in Germany.

Hence, they have hollow and air-filled bones, keeled breastbone and notarium to flying.

To learn more about S. crassirotris click here:

https://brainly.com/question/13259455

These notes were taken during a class about biological evolution, but the subject title is missing.

-results from immigration
-new genes brought into a population
-variation in a population increases

What do the notes describe?
gene flow
natural selection
genetic drift
mutation

Answers

Answer:

A: gene flow

Explanation:

have a nice day

The notes describe gene flow. Therefore, option (A) is correct.

What is gene flow?

Gene flow is the transfer or exchange of genetic material, specifically genes, between different populations of the same species. It occurs when individuals from one population migrate or disperse to another population and successfully reproduce, introducing their genes into the gene pool of the receiving population.

Gene flow can happen through various means, such as the movement of individuals, migration, or the dispersal of pollen or seeds. It is an important mechanism in evolution as it facilitates the transfer of genetic variation between populations. By introducing new genetic material, gene flow can increase genetic diversity within a population and reduce genetic differences between populations.

Gene flow can have significant impacts on the genetic makeup of populations, influencing their adaptability, genetic structure, and evolutionary trajectories. It can counteract the effects of genetic drift and natural selection, promoting the sharing of beneficial.

Learn more about gene flow, here:

https://brainly.com/question/29992261

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Humans cells are "diploid" because that have 2 of each chromosomes. Where do humans get these 2 chromosomes?

Answers

Answer: They get one from each parent.

Explanation:

They usually get them from the nucleus If you are female you have two x chromosomes and if you are male you have one x and one y.

what is the relationship between a mineral and an ore?​

Answers

Answer:

Ores are made of combos and groups of different minerals.

A scientist was recovering ancient horse fossils that showed similarities to modern horses. Which would best explain how the ancient series of horse fossils represents the evolution of the modern horse?

A.
All of the ancient horse fossils were found in the same layers of rocks as modern horse fossils

B.
All of the ancient horse fossils are completely identical to ancient horse bones.

C.
All of the ancient horse fossils show similar structures to that of the modern horse.

D.
All of the ancient fossils were located in the same place on Earth where modern horses live.

Answers

Answer:

C.

Explanation:

When examining fossils, you would want to see the changes in animal structure, to show how it evolved. One could have thicker hooves than the other, showing what happened during the evolution.

how is the avian digestive system different than human digestive system?​

Answers

Answer: Because Different animals have evolved different types of digestive systems specialized to meet their dietary needs. Humans and many other animals have monogastric digestive systems with a single-chambered stomach. Birds have evolved a digestive system tIngestion and digestion are two actions that occur in the alimentary canal of animals. The main difference between ingestion and digestion is that ingestion is the taking of food into the body whereas digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecules that can be absorbed by the body.that includes a gizzard where the food is crushed into smaller pieces. hope this helps have a nice night ❤️❤️❤️

Explanation:

Answer: Hello: )

Because Different animals have evolved different types of digestive systems specialized to meet their dietary needs. Humans and many other animals have monogastric digestive systems with a single-chambered stomach. Birds have evolved a digestive system tIngestion and digestion are two actions that occur in the alimentary canal of animals. The main difference between ingestion and digestion is that ingestion is the taking of food into the body whereas digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecules that can be absorbed by the body.that includes a gizzard where the food is crushed into smaller pieces. hope this helps have a nice night. ✨

Explanation:

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