Explain the difference between the greenhouse effect and global warming?

Explanation:

In the reaction above, we clearly see that a chemical reaction took place but what kind of reaction you might ask?

Looks like it is Thermal decomposition of copper carbonate because decomposition reaction takes place due to the added heat. Decomposition in simple terms in chemical breakdown and here this result is obtained by adding heat.

1) What happened to the lime water?

Although not pictured above, but my assumption is that lime water turned milky or turbid because when CO2 comes in presence of limewater they react to form a percipitate of Calcium carbonate which is the milky color that you get.

2) What does this prove?

- My understanding would be that it proves that CO2 was formed, and that most metal carbonates undergo thermal decomposition into metal oxide and carbon dioxide, and also that a reaction took place since new products were made.

Answer:

8.13 g/mol.

Explanation:

The following formula gives us the relationship between the effusion rates of two gases and their molar masses:

[tex]\sqrt{\frac{MM_{x} }{MM_{y} } } = \frac{rate_{y} }{rate_{x} }[/tex]

where x and y are respective sample gases and MM and rate are molar mass and rate of effusion respectively.

⇒[tex]\sqrt{\frac{14}{y} } = \frac{63}{48}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{14}{y} = 1.3125^{2}[/tex]

y= 14 / [tex]1.3125^{2}[/tex]  = 8.13 g/mol.

Answer:

THE AMOUNT OF HEAT ABSORBED DURING THE REACTION IS 151.64 JOULES

Explanation:

Mass = 12.58 g

Specific heat of CaCO3 = 0.82 J/g K

Change in temperature = 38.3 C - 23.6 C = 14.7 C

How many joules of heat are absorbed?

Heat of a reaction is the amount of heat absorbed or evolved when a gram of a sample is raised by 1 C.

Heat = mass * specific heat * change in temperature

Heat = 12.58 * 0.82 * 14.7

Heat = 151.64 J

The amount of joules absorbed during this reaction is 151.64 J.

Answer: The molar mass of the unknown compound is 200 g/mol

Explanation:

Depression in freezing point is given by:

[tex]\Delta T_f=i\times K_f\times m[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_f=2.74^0C[/tex] = Depression in freezing point

i= vant hoff factor = 1 (for molecular compound)

[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point constant = [tex]5.12^0C/m[/tex]

m= molality

[tex]\Delta T_f=i\times K_f\times \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{molar mass of solute}\times \text{weight of solvent in kg}}[/tex]

Weight of solvent (benzene)= 0.250 kg  

Molar mass of solute = M g/mol

Mass of solute  = 26.7 g

[tex]2.74^0C=1\times 5.12\times \frac{26.7g}{Mg/mol\times 0.250kg}[/tex]

[tex]M=200g/mol[/tex]

Thus the molar mass of the unknown compound is 200 g/mol

The molar mass of an unknown solute compound in the solution has been 199.626 g/mol.

With the addition of the solute to the solution, there has been a depression in the freezing point. The depression in the freezing point can be expressed as:

Depression in freezing point = Van't Hoff factor × Freezing point constant × molality

The molality can be defined as the moles of solute per kg solvent

Molaity = [tex]\rm \dfrac{Mass\;of\;solute\;(g)}{Molecular\;mass\;of\;solute}\;\times\;\dfrac{1}{Mass\;of\;solvent\;(kg)}[/tex]

The depression in freezing point can be given as:

Depression in freezing point = Van't Hoff factor × Freezing point constant ×  [tex]\rm \dfrac{Mass\;of\;solute\;(g)}{Molecular\;mass\;of\;solute}\;\times\;\dfrac{1}{Mass\;of\;solvent\;(kg)}[/tex] ......(i)

Given, the depression in freezing point = 2.74 [tex]\rm ^\circ C[/tex]

Van't Hoff factor = 1 (Molecular compound)

Freezing point constant (Kf) = 5.12 [tex]\rm ^\circ C[/tex]/m

Mass of solute = 26.7 g

Mass of solvent = 0.250 kg

Substituting the values in equation (i):

2.74 [tex]\rm ^\circ C[/tex] = 1 × 5.12

[tex]\rm \dfrac{2.74}{5.12}[/tex] = [tex]\rm \dfrac{1}{Molecular\;mass\;of\;solute}\;\times\;\dfrac{26.7}{0.250\;kg}[/tex]

0.535 = [tex]\rm \dfrac{1}{Molecular\;mass\;of\;solute}\;\times\;106.8[/tex]

Molecular mass of solute = [tex]\rm \dfrac{106.8}{0.535}[/tex] g/mol

Molecular mass of solute = 199.626 g/mol

The molar mass of an unknown solute compound in the solution has been 199.626 g/mol.

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Answer:

RbOH

Explanation:

For this question, we have to remember what is the definition of a base. A base is a compound that has the ability to produce hydroxyl ions [tex]OH^-[/tex], so:

[tex]AOH~->~A^+~+~OH^-[/tex]

With this in mind we can write the reaction for each substance:

[tex]HCOOH~->~HCOO^-~+~H^+[/tex]

[tex]RbOH~->~Rb^+~+~OH^-[/tex]

[tex]H_2CO_3~->~CO_3^-^2~+~2H^+[/tex]

[tex]NaNO_3~->~Na^+~+~NO_3^-[/tex]

The only compound that fits with the definition is [tex]RbOH[/tex], so this is our base.

I hope it helps!

RbOH or rubidium hydroxide is a base.  

• RbOH or rubidium hydroxide is the inorganic compound.  

• It comprises hydroxide anions and an equal number of rubidium cations.  

• Rubidium hydroxide, like other strong bases is highly corrosive.  

• The formation of rubidium hydroxide takes place when the metal rubidium reacts with water.  

• The bases refers to the substance, which gets dissociate in an aqueous solution to produce OH- or hydroxide ions.  

• Rubidium hydroxide is a base, when it is dissolved in water it give rise to an alkali, when reacts with acid it generates a rubidium salt.  

Thus, RbOH is a base.

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Answer and Explanation:

a. Solid melting below its melting point  ⇒ Nonspontaneous

The process is spontaneous above the melting point.

b. Gas condensing below its condensation point  ⇒ Spontaneous

Below the condensation point, the subtance is liquid (it condenses)

c. Liquid vaporizing above its boiling point  ⇒ Spontaneous

A liquid vaporizes at a temperature above the boiling point, it passes from liquido to the gas state

d. Liquid freezing below its freezing point  ⇒ Spontaneous

A liquid freezes at a temperature below its freezeing point, it passes from the liquid to the solid state.

e. Liquid freezing above its freezing point  ⇒ Nonspontaneous

The freezing is spontaneous below the freezing point.

f. Solid melting above its melting point  ⇒ Spontaneous

A solid melts at a temperature above the melting point

g. Liquid and gas together at boiling point with no net condensation or vaporization  ⇒ Equilibrium system

The systems is at equilibrium: there is no net change toward the liquid or towards the gas state.

h. Gas condensing above its condensation point  ⇒ Nonspontaneous

The condensation is spontaneous at a temperature below the condensation point.

i. Solid and liquid together at the melting point with no net freezing or melting ⇒ Equilibrium system

The system is at equilibrium: there is no net change towards the solid or the liquid state.

Answer:

1) Ag3N

2)Na2S

3)NaHSO4

4) KNO3

Explanation:

We divide each mass by the element's relative atomic mass

1) 2.90/108-Ag, 0.125/14-N

0.027-Ag, 0.0089-N

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.027/0.0089-Ag, 0.0089/0.0089 N

3-Ag, 1-N

Empirical formula- Ag3N

2)2.22/23-Na, 1.55/32-S

0.097-Na, 0.048-S

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.097/0.048-Na, 0.048/0.048-S

2-Na, 1-S

Empirical formula- Na2S

3) 2.11/23-Na, 0.0900/1-H, 2.94/32-S,5.86/16-O

0.09-Na, 0.09-H, 0.09-S,0.366-O

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.09/0.09-Na, 0.09/0.09-H, 0.09/0.09-S, 0.366/0.09-O

1-Na, 1-H, 1-S, 4-O

Empirical formula- NaHSO4

4)1.84/39, 0.657/14-N, 2.25/16-O

0.047-K, 0.047-N, 0.14-O

Divide through by the lowest ratio

0.047/0.047-K, 0.047/0.047-N, 0.14/0.047-O

1-K, 1-N, O-3

Empirical formula- KNO3

Answer:

Stronger

Explanation:

Attractive forces between molecules in a solid are weaker than bonds between atoms in a molecule.

Solid is a state of matter in which the force of attraction between the particles is very high and the space between the particles is negligible. Solids are hard and have fixed shape, size, and volume .

Due to high stiffness and toughness with less intermolecular force in solid the attractive force in solids are very high.

Hence, attractive forces between molecules in a solid are weaker than bonds between atoms in a molecule.

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#SPJ2

Answer:

The correct answer is 0.30 M

Explanation:

The molar concentration or molarity of a solution is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution. We found the moles of solute (glucose) by dividing the mass (54.30 g) into the molecular weight (MW) of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆):

MW(C₆H₁₂O₆)= (12 g/mol x 6) + (1 g/mol x 12) + (16 g/mol x 6) = 180 g/mol

Moles of glucose= mass/MW= 54.30 g/(180 g/mol)= 0.30 mol

There is 0.30 mol of solute per liter of solution, thus the molarity is:

M= moles solute/L solution= 0.30 mol/1 L = 0.30 M

Answer:

the molecular mass of hydrogen sulphide, which contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of sulphur is = 2 — 1 + 1 — 32 = 34 a.m.u.

Answer:

Homogenous

Explanation:

Mixture of copper and tin

Answer:

Explanation:

1 ) Cl₂ + ZnBr₂ = ZnCl₂ + Br₂

In this reaction , oxidation number of Cl decreases  from 0 to -1  so it is reduced  and oxidation number of Br increases from -1 to 0 so it is oxidised . Hence this reaction is oxidation - reduction reaction .

2 )

Pb( ClO₄)₂ + 2KI = PbI₂ + 2KClO₄

In this reaction oxidation number of none is changing so it is not an oxidation - reduction reaction.

3 )

CaCO₃ = CaO + CO₂

In this reaction also oxidation number of none is changing so it is not an oxidation - reduction reaction.

So only first reaction is oxidation - reduction reaction.

2nd option is correct.

Answer:

CaF2 + CO3- ----> CaCO3 + 2 F-

Explanation:

The chemical compounds found on the left side of the date are the reagents and those found on the right are the products, where calcium carbonate appears.

Calcium carbonate is a quaternary salt

Answer:

The lightest gas will have the greatest molecular speed as shown

Explanation:

According to the kinetic theory of gases, gas molecules are in constant motion and frequently collide with each other and the walls of the vessel. Gas molecules have negligible intermolecular forces of attraction between them hence they move at a very high speed.

However, the distribution of molecular velocities in a mixture of gases depends on the relative molecular masses of the gases in the mixture. Given helium, neon and krypton; the order of decreasing masses and increasing molecular velocities is ; krypton<neon<helium. Hence helium being the lightest gas will have the greatest molecular velocity.

The molecular velocities of each gas has been represented using the length of arrows with different colours in the image attached. The colour codes are;

Red- krypton

Blue- neon

Black-helium

It can be seen that helium has the highest molecular velocity followed by neon and lastly, krypton.

Answer:

The main competing reaction when a primary alkyl halide is treated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide is SN2 substitution.

Explanation:

The relative percentage of products of the reaction between an alkyl halide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide generally depends on the structure of the primary alkylhalide. The attacking nucleophile/base in this reaction is the alkoxide ion. Substitution by SN2 mechanism is a major competing reaction in the elimination reaction intended.

A more branched alkyl halide will yield an alkene product due to steric hindrance, similarly, a good nucleophile such as the alkoxide ion may favour SN2 substitution over the intended elimination (E2) reaction.

Both SN2 and E2 are concerted reaction mechanisms. They do not depend on the formation of a carbocation intermediate. Primary alkyl halides generally experience less steric hindrance in the transition state and do not form stable carbocations hence they cannot undergo E1 or SN1 reactions.

SN2 substitution cannot occur in a tertiary alkyl halides because the stability of tertiary carbocations favours the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The formation of this carbocation intermediate will lead to an SN1 or E1 mechanism. SN2 reactions is never observed for a tertiary alkyl halide due to steric crowding of the transition state. Also, with strong bases such as the alkoxide ion, elimination becomes the main reaction of tertiary alkyl halides.

Answer:

0.0243 atm

Explanation:

1. Chemical equation

           2PH₃ ⇌ P₂  +   3H₂

E/atm:     x      0.417   0.826

2. Kₚ expression

[tex]K_{\text{p}} = \dfrac{p_{\text{P}_{2}}p_{\text{H}_{2}}^{3}}{p_{\text{PH}_{3}}^{2}} = 398[/tex]

Step 3. Calculate the equilibrium concentrations

[tex]\begin{array}{rcl}\\\dfrac{p_{\text{P}_{2}}p_{\text{H}_{2}}^{3}}{p_{\text{PH}_{3}}^{2}}&=&398\\\\\dfrac{0.417 \times 0.826^{3}}{p_{\text{PH}_{3}}^{2}}&=&398\\\\0.2350&=&398 \times{p_{\text{PH}_{3}}^{2}}\\p_{\text{PH}_{3}}^{2}&=& \dfrac{0.2350}{398}\\\\&=&5.905 \times 10^{-4}\\p_{\text{PH}_{3}}&=& \textbf{0.0243 atm}\end{array}\\\text{The equilibrium pressure of PH$_{3}$ is $\large \boxed{\textbf{0.0243} \textbf{ atm}}$}[/tex]

Check:

[tex]\begin{array}{rcl}\dfrac{0.417 \times 0.826^{3}}{0.0243^{2}}&=&398\\\\398 & = & 398\\\end{array}[/tex]

It checks.

Answer:

-1222 kj

Explanation:

You can calculate the bond dissociation energy for each species using the table. Subtract the energies of the bonds made from the energies of the bonds broken. Remember to use the coefficients from the balanced chemical reaction.

BDE = [(H-H) + (N≡ N)] - [2 * [(H-C) + (C≡N)]]

BDE = [(432 kJ) + (942 kJ] - [2 * [(411 kJ) + (887 kJ)]] = -1222 kJ

Based on the bond energies for the given reaction, the enthalpy of the reaction is:

According to the given question, we are asked to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction based on the bond energies given in H₂ (g) + N₂ (g) + 2 C (g) → 2 HCN (g).

As a result of this, we can see that bond dissociation energy for each of the species on the table need to be subtracted and then to make use of the coefficient of the balanced chemical reaction.

At the end, we would get 2*(411 kj) + (887 kj) which would give us

-1222 kj

Therefore, the correct answer is -1222 kj

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Answer:

I3-(aq)

Explanation:

To measure the rate of this reaction we must measure the rate of concentration change of one of the reactants or products. This reaction may also be referred to as the iodine clock reaction. It yields the triodide ion which forms a blue complex with starch which enhances the determination of iodine even though iodine is coloured also.

Since the reaction is monitored by spectrophotometry, the concentration of the triodide ion can be monitored by spectrohotometric detection of the concentration of triodide ion present in the system. Hence we can use the determination of the amount of triodide ion by spectrophotometry to understudy this reaction.

Answer:

To the left.

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced reaction at equilibrium

2 SO₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇄ 2 SO₃(g)

Step 2: Calculate the reaction quotient (Qc)

Qc = [SO₃]² / [SO₂]² × [O₂]

Qc = 0.254² / 0.500² × 0.00855

Qc = 30.2

Step 3: Determine in which direction will proceed the system

Since Qc > Kc, the system will shift to the left to attain the equilibrium.

Answer:

because it is

Answer:

[Ar] 4s²

Explanation:

Ca is the symbol for Calcium. It is the 20th element and it has 20 electrons.

The full electronic configuration for calcium is given as;

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²

The condensed electronic configuration is given as;

[Ar] 4s²

Answer:

pH ≅ 4.80

Explanation:

Given that:

the volume of HN₃ = 25 mL = 0.025 L

Molarity of HN₃ = 0.150 M

number of moles of HN₃ = 0.025 × 0.150

number of moles of HN₃ =  0.00375  mol

Molarity of NaOH = 0.150 M

the volume of NaOH = 13.3 mL = 0.0133

number of moles of NaOH = 0.0133× 0.150

number of moles of NaOH = 0.001995 mol

The chemical equation for the reaction of this process can be written as:

[tex]HN_3 + OH- ---> N^-_{3} + H_2O[/tex]

1 mole of hydrazoic acid react with 1 mole of hydroxide to give nitride ion and water

thus the new number of moles of HN₃ = 0.00375 - 0.001995 = 0.001755 mol

Total volume used in the reaction =  0.025 +  0.0133 = 0.0383  L

Concentration of [tex]HN_3[/tex] = [tex]\dfrac{0.001755}{0.0383}[/tex] = 0.0458 M

Concentration of [tex]N^{-}_3[/tex] = [tex]\dfrac{ 0.001995 }{0.0383}[/tex] = 0.0521 M

GIven that :

Ka = [tex]1.9 x 10^{-5}[/tex]

Thus; it's pKa = 4.72

[tex]pH =4.72 + log(\dfrac{ \ 0.0521}{0.0458})[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.72 + log(1.1376)[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.72 + 0.05598[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.77598[/tex]

pH ≅ 4.80

The pH of the solution 0.150 M hydrazoic acid after 13.3 mL of NaOH base is added is 4.80.

pH of the given solution will be used by using the following equation:

pH = pKa + log[conjugate base] / [weak acid]

Given chemical reaction will be represented as:

HN₃ + OH⁻ → N₃⁻ + H₂O

Moles will be calculated as:

n = M×V, where

M = molarity

V = volume

Moles of 0.150 M hydrazoic acid = (0.150M)(0.025L) = 0.00375  mol

Moles of 0.150 M NaOH = (0.0133)(0.150) = 0.001995 mol

From the above calculation it is clear that moles of hydrazoic acid is present in excess and it will be:

0.00375 - 0.001995 = 0.001755 mol

And 0.001995 mol of N₃⁻ is preduced by the reaction.

Total volume of the solution = 0.025 +  0.0133 = 0.0383  L

To calculate the pH after titration, first we have to calculate the concentration in terms of molarity of N₃⁻ and HN₃ as:

[N₃⁻] = 0.001995 mol / 0.0383  L = 0.0521 M

[HN₃] = 0.001755 mol / 0.0383  L = 0.0458 M

Ka for HN₃ = 1.9 × 10⁻⁵

pKa = -log( 1.9 × 10⁻⁵ ) = 4.72

On putting all these values on the above equation, we get

pH = 4.72 + log (0.0521) / (0.0458)

pH = 4.80

Hence, pH of the solution is 4.80.

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Answer:

please look at the picture below.

Explanation:

Answer:

Rubidium oxide

Explanation:

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

For this question, we have to remember the definition of a meso-compound. In a meso-compound, we will have chiral carbons but we don't optical activity. This is due to the symmetry, if we have symmetry in a substance with chiral carbons the optical activity is nullified. So, if we want to find the meso-compounds we have to find symmetry planes in the molecule.

A symmetry plane is an imaginary cut that can divide the molecule in two equal parts. We have to draw the molecule first (see figure 1) and then we can try to find the symmetry planes.

With this in mind, the only compounds with symmetry planes are:

b) cis-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

d) cis-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane

See figure 2 to more explanations

I hope it helps!

Answer:

C. Burning charcoal

Explanation:

Charcoal is a solid fuel. We normally expect a solid fuel to possess a very high activation energy. Activation energy refers to the energy barrier that must be crossed by reactants in order to be converted into products. A high activation energy implies that the reaction may not be spontaneous at ordinary temperatures and a large external energy must be supplied before the reaction proceeds.

Charcoal is not as spontaneously flammable as gasoline. This implies that a greater energy is required to initiate the combustion of charcoal compared to gasoline. This further buttresses the fact that the activation energy for the combustion of gasoline is less than that for the combustion of charcoal.

The reaction of metals with acid is quite spontaneous at ordinary temperatures for highly reactive metals hence it does not have a high activation energy. The melting of ice is not a chemical reaction hence we can't talk about its activation energy.

Answer:

Constant-volume molar heat capacity of argon is 12.47 J K ⁻¹mol⁻¹

Explanation:

Argon is a monoatomic gas that behaves as an ideal gas at 298K.

Using the first law of thermodinamics you can obtain:

Work, Q, for constant pressure molar heat capacity,CP:

CP = (5/2)R

For constant-volume molar heat capacity,CV:

CV = (3/2)R

That means:

2CP/5 = 2CV/3

3/5 = CV / CP

As CP of Argon is 20.79 J K ⁻¹mol⁻¹, CV will be:

3/5 = CV / CP

3/5 = CV / 20.79 J K ⁻¹mol⁻¹

12.47 J K ⁻¹mol⁻¹ = CV

Answer:

The answer is Neutralization reaction

It occurs when an acid and a base are present in the same solution and react to form salt and water only

Hope this helps you

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