Examples of successfulness of the competition policy in South Africa

Explanation:

By Kgomotso Ramotsho

The Competition Law Committee of the Law Society of the Northern Provinces held its last Annual Gala Breakfast in October 2018 in Johannesburg. The gala breakfast was organised and hosted by ENSafrica. Members of the panel discussed ‘Experiencing twenty years of competition practice’. The Competition Commission Commissioner, Tembinkosi Bonakele, said South Africa (SA) has challenges in the economic front and added that employment growth numbers were not impressive.

Mr Bonakele said this is a challenge and added that there can be talks about what the Competition Commission can contribute, however, there are concerns about the structure of the economy and concentration levels in the economy. He pointed out that another challenge, is with regards to developing competition experts. He said that SA could have done better in developing experts. He pointed out that when looking at who the experts are, the economic front is dominated by European experts, instead of local experts.

Mr Bonakele said it was easy for legal practitioners to make the transition into competition law. However, he added that another challenge is with economists. He said universities should produce a pool of economists that can help in the industry. Full-time member of the Competition Tribunal, Yasmin Carrim, added that the industry was not doing enough and that the pool of economists is small. She pointed out that it was not only up to universities to produce expert economists. She said the industry needed to grab the opportunity and utilise different strategies, such as giving practical training or internships to students, so that when they graduate they would have a sense of the work environment.

Full-time member of the Competition Tribunal, Yasmin Carrim, listed the quality of work done by competition law legal practitioners and economists in South Africa as one of the successes in the industry. She spoke at the last annual gala breakfast held in Johannesburg by the Competition Law Committee of the Law Society of the Northern Provinces.

Ms Carrim, however, said that from her personal experience, one of the successes in the industry has been the quality of work done by both legal practitioners and economists in the country. Mr Bonakele added that SA has made strides in establishing itself as a respected jurisdiction with locally developed practices and sharpened skills in the competition area, he noted that these were good signs. Judge President of the Competition Appeal Court, Dennis Davis, posed a question to Mr Bonakele with regards to work done by experts outside SA.

Mr Bonakele said the Competition Commission has relied on local experts. However, he pointed out that the issue is with the number of local experts. He noted that the country has knowledgeable experts even though they are few in numbers. He added that even though foreign experts are brought in to work in SA, they should team up with local experts as they understand the local conditions, they are open minded and are trained by the best in the world.

Kgomotso Ramotsho Cert Journ (Boston) Cert Photography (Vega) is the news reporter at De Rebus.

This article was first published in De Rebus in 2019 (Jan/Feb) DR 11.

Raposa, Inc., produces a special line of plastic toy racing cars. Raposa, Inc., produces the cars in batches. To manufacture a batch of the cars, Raposa, Inc., must set up the machines and molds. Setup costs are batch-level costs because they are associated with batches rather than individual units of products. A separate Setup Department is responsible for setting up machines and molds for different styles of car.

Setup overhead costs consist of some costs that are variable and some costs that are fixed with respect to the number of setup-hours. The following information pertains to June 2015:

Actual amount Static-budget Amounts
Amounts Units produced and sold 15,700 11,950
Batch size (number of units per batch) 325 265
Setup-hours per batch 3 4.25
Variable overhead cost per setup-hour $48 $45
Total fixed setup overhead costs $11,310 $9,010

Calculate the efficiency variance for variable overhead setup costs. (Round all intermediary calculations two decimal places and your final answer to the nearest whole number.)

a. $435 unfavorable
b. $4,810 favorable
c. $4,810 unfavorable
d. $435 favorable

A machine with a book value of $250,400 has an estimated six-year life. A proposal is offered to sell the old machine for $215,300 and replace it with a new machine at a cost of $283,100. The new machine has a six-year life with no residual value. The new machine would reduce annual direct labor costs from $50,900 to $40,700.

Required:
a. Prepare a differential analysis dated February 18 on whether to continue with the old machine (Alternative 1) or replace the old machine (Alternative 2).
b. Should the company continue with the old machine (Alternative 1) or replace the old machine (Alternative 2)?

Jim promises to marry Martha if Martha agrees to pay him a $10,000/month allowance as long as they are wedding. If this contract was not written, then once they are married Jim can still enforce the contract if Martha refuses to pay.

a. True
b. False

On February 28, 2009, $5,000,000 of 6%, 10-year bonds payable, dated December 31, 2008, are issued. Interest on the bonds is payable semiannually each June 30 and December 31. If the total amount received (including accrued interest) by the issuing corporation is $5,060,000, which of the following is correct?
a) The bonds were issued at a premium.
b) The amount of cash paid to bondholders on the next interest date, June 30, 2009, is $300,000.
c) The amount of cash paid to bondholders on the next interest date, June 30, 2009, is $50,000.
d) The bonds were issued at a discount.

The Five & Dime store has a cost of equity of 15.8%, a pretax cost of 7.7%, and a tax rate of 35%. What is the firm's weighted average cost of capital if the debt-equity ratio is 0.40?
a. 10.18
b. 11.72
c. 12.72
d. 13.49
e. 14.93

The following data are taken from the financial statements of Crane Company.
2022 2021 Accounts receivable (net), end of year $ 567,900 $ 555,000 Net sales on account 4,831,000 4,179,000 Terms for all sales are 1/10, n/45
1) Compute for each year the accounts receivable turnover. At the end of 2015, accounts receivable was $511,500. (Round answers to 1 decimal place, e.g. 12.5.)
2) Compute for each year the average collection period. (Round answers to 1 decimal place, e.g. 12.5. Use 365 days for calculation.)

Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The current cash flow from existing assets is highly relevant to investors. However, since the value of the firm depends primarily upon its growth opportunities, accounting net income projections from those opportunities are the only relevant future flows with which investors are concerned.
b. Two metrics that are used to measure a company's financial performance are net income and free cash flow. Accountants tend to emphasize net income as calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Finance people generally put at least as much weight on free cash flows as they do on net income.
c. To estimate the net cash provided by operations, depreciation must be subtracted from net income because it is a non-cash charge that has been added to revenue.
d. Interest paid by a corporation is a tax deduction for the paying corporation, but dividends paid are not deductible. This treatment, other things held constant, tends to discourage the use of debt financing by corporations.
e. If Congress changed depreciation allowances so that companies had to report higher depreciation levels for tax purposes in 2013, this would lower their free cash flows for 2013.

Write about why it is important for world leaders to make just decisions for their people and to treat neighboring countries with respect.

Mustafa manufacturing company began operations on january 1. During the year, it started and completed 3, 000 units of product. The financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The company incurred the following costs:

Raw materials purchased and used—$6,200.
Wages of production workers—$7,400.
Salaries of administrative and sales personnel—$3,000.
Depreciation on manufacturing equipment—$4,400.
Depreciation on administrative equipment—$2,200.

Required
a. Determine the total product cost for the year.
b. Determine the total cost of the ending inventory.
c. Determine the total of cost of goods sold.

ABC has not ordered linen in some time, but when it did order in the past it ordered frequently, and its orders were of the highest monetary value. Under the given circumstances, Ajax is most likely to have an RFM score:________

You have been asked to review the December 31, 2021, balance sheet for Champion Cleaning. After completing your review, you list the following three items for discussion with your superior: An investment of $30,000 is included in current assets. Management has indicated that it has no intention of liquidating the investment in 2022. A $100,000 note payable is listed as a long-term liability, but you have determined that the note is due in 10 equal annual installments with the first installment due on March 31, 2022. Deferred revenue of $60,000 is included as a current liability even though only two-thirds will be recognized as revenue in 2022, and the other one-third in 2023.

Required:
Determine the appropriate classification of each of these items.

Scoring: Your score will be based on the number of correct matches. There is no penalty for incorrect or missing matches.
Match each phrase that follows with the term it describes.
Clear All
Evaluation of how profit will change based on an alternative course of action
Possible result of using an inappropriate overhead allocation method
Revenue forgone from an alternative use of an asset
Strategy that focuses on reducing the influence of bottlenecks
Not relevant to future decisions
Product cost distortion
Opportunity cost
Differential analysis
Sunk cost
Theory of constraints
Scoring: Your score will be based on the number of correct matches. There is no penalty for incorrect or missing matches.
Match each phrase that follows with the term it describes.
Clear All
Recognizes that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow
Often referred to as the discounted cash flow method
Also referred to as capital budgeting
Average income as a percentage of average investment
Can be determined by initial cost divided by annual net cash inflow of an investment
Cash payback period
Capital investment analysis
Average rate of return
Net present value method
Time value of money concept
Scoring: Your score will be based on the number of correct matches. There is no penalty for incorrect or missing matches.
Match the following descriptions and examples with the four performance perspectives in the balanced scorecard.
Clear All
Focuses on operational efficiencies and issues like improving manufacturing performance
Focuses on obtaining and retaining customers and customer base
Focuses on traditional accounting measures of performance, such as net income and cash flow
Focuses on research and development initiatives and employee training, retention, and satisfaction efforts
Customer
Learning and growth
Internal processes
Financial

7. How can you use nonverbal communication to express an idea to someone?

Farrina Manufacturing uses a predetermined overhead application rate of $8 per direct labor hour. A review of the company's accounting records for the year just ended discovered the following: Underapplied manufacturing overhead: $7,200 Actual manufacturing overhead: $392,000 Budgeted labor hours: 50,000
Simone's actual labor hours worked totaled:_______.
a. 49,100.
b. 49,900.
c. 48,100.
d. 50,900.
e. cannot be determined based on the information presented.

On March 1, 2021, McHugh Enterprises issued 1000 of its 8%, $1,000 bonds dated January 1, 2021 at 98. Interest is payable semiannually on January 1 and July 1. The bonds mature on January 1, 2031. McHugh paid $50,000 in bond issue costs. McHugh uses straight-line amortization. The interest expense recognized on July 1, 2021 will be:__________

The standard cost of Product B manufactured by Pharrell Company Includes 3.7 units of direct materials at $6.8 per unit. During June, 26, 600 units of direct materials are purchased at a cost of $6.70 per unit, and 26, 600 units of direct materials are used to produce 7, 100 units of Product B.
(a) Compute the total materials variance and the price and quantity variances.
Total materials variance $
Materials price variance $
Materials quantity variance $
(b) Compute the total materials variance and the price and quantity variances, assuming the purchase price is $6.90 and the quantity purchased and used is 27,000 units.
Total materials variance $
Materials price variance $
Materials quantity variance %

Which of the following is true of resumes?
A personal cover letter should be included with a resume.
A resume is not necessary if you completed an application.
The formats of electronic and hard copy resumes are the same.
An objective tells an employer what the applicant learned in school.

The specific-factors model is often referred to as the short-run model. Why is this the case and how does it relate to the marginal product of labor (MPL) in each sector and the production possibilities frontier (PPF)?

list three classified ways of getting into small business?​

Yerbury Corp. manufactures construction equipment. Journalize the entries to record the following selected equity investment transactions completed by Yerbury during a recent year. Refer to the Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles. When required, round your answers to the nearest dollar.

Feb. 2 Purchased for cash 5,300 shares of Wong Inc. stock for $20 per share plus a $110 brokerage commission.
Mar. 6 Received dividends of $0.30 per share on Wong Inc. stock.
June 7 Purchased 2,000 shares of Wong Inc. stock for $26 per share plus a $125 brokerage commission.
July 26 Sold 6,000 shares of Wong Inc. stock for $35 per share less a $100 brokerage commission. Yerbury assumes that the first investments purchased are the first investments sold.
Sept. 25 Received dividends of $0.40 per share on Wong Inc. stock.

Accounts payable increase $9,000
Accounts receivable increase 4,000
Salaries payable decrease 3,000
Amortization expense 6,000
Cash balance, January 1 22.000
Cash balance, December 31 15,000
Cash paid as dividends 29,000
Cash paid to purchase land 90,000
Cash paid to retire bonds payable at par 60,000
Cash received from issuance of common stock 35,000
Cash received from sale of equipment 17,000
Depreciation expense 29,000
Gain on sale of equipment 4,000
Inventory decrease 13,000
Net income 76,000
Prepaid expenses increase 2,000
Cash Flow statement - indirect method
Cash Flow
Net Income 76,000.00
Gain on Sale of Equipment $(4,000.00)
Depreciation 29,000.00
Amortization Expense 6,000.00 $31,000.00
Adjustments
Decrease in inventory $13,000.00
Gain On sale of equipment (4,000.00)
Decrease In accrued Liability (3,000.00)
Increase in prepaid expenses (2.000.00)
Increase in Accounts Payable 9,000.00 13,000.00
120,000.00
Determine which of the above affects the Investing Activities (IA) and which affects the Financing Activities (FA). Note: Insert IA or FA next to the information above, or fill in the information below.

Dillon rented his personal residence at Lake Tahoe for 14 days while he was vacationing in Ireland. He resided in the home for the remainder of the year. Rental income from the property was $4,800. Expenses associated with use of the home for the entire year were as follows:_______.
Real property taxes $ 3,050
Mortgage interest 12,125
Repairs 1,325
Insurance 1,510
Utilities 5,040
Depreciation 12,400
a. What effect does the rental have on Dillon’s AGI
Effect of rental activity on Dillon's AGI
b. What effect does the rental have on Dillon’s itemized deductions?
Itemizable real property taxes
Itemizable mortgage interest

do/your/assignment/did/you?​

On December 31, the trial balance shows wages expense of $390. An additional $130 of wages was earned by the employees, but has not yet been paid. Analyze this adjustment for wages using T accounts, and then formally enter this adjustment in the general journal. (Trial balance is abbreviated as TB.)
(Income Statement)
Wages Expense
(Balance Sheet)
Wages Payable
Page:
CREDIT DATE DOC. POST NO. REF ACCOUNT TITLE DEBIT 1 20- Dec. 31 1 2 2

Which types of post secondary education are examples of traditional academic education? Check all that apply

A. Associate Degree
B. Apprenticeship
C. Bachelor’s Degree
D. Technical School Degree

what does it mean to be an economically responsible citizen?

When making a big decision, there's a six-step process that can help you.
True
False

On January 1, Marigold Corp. issued $6600000, 9% bonds for $7029000. The market rate of interest for these bonds is 8%. Interest is payable annually on December 31. Marigold uses the effective-interest method of amortizing bond premium. At the end of the first year, Marigold should report unamortized bond premium of:________
a) $397320
b) $398580
c) $375320
d) $297000

Gard Inc. has compiled the following information related to its five products. Costs of disposal are estimated to be 10% of selling price, and gross profit is estimated to be 25% of the selling price. Determine the value of inventory applying the lower-of-cost-or-market rule to each individual inventory item.

Based on the following petty cash information, prepare

a. the journal entry to establish a petty cash fund
b. the journal entry to replenish the petty cash fund.

On January 1, 2021, a check was written in the amount of $200 to establish a petty cash fund. During January, the following vouchers were written for cash removed from the petty cash drawer:

Voucher No. Account Debited Amount
1 Phone Expense $17.50
2 Automobile Expense 33.00
3 Joseph Levine, Drawing 54.00
4 Postage Expense 12.50
5 Charitable Contributions Expense 15.00
6 Miscellaneous Expense 49.00