Discuss the theory of evolutionary preparedness and how it may apply to specific phobia, social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Pain from a phobia can be a distressing and debilitating condition. Phobias cause physiological responses, which can influence daily activities, inhibiting life experiences, and opportunities. Although more people are likely to encounter disturbing non-biological stimuli, evidence indicates that phobias have a biological basis, i.e. most phobias are focused on the fear of biological stimuli.

Explanation:

Phobias are based on personal developmental conditioning, however, according to preparedness philosophy, and are ready to handle paranoia-specific stimuli that threaten life, such as venomous snakes. These same stimuli we are most likely to fear have affected our evolutionary origins. People and chimpanzees seem genetically primed to identify certain artifacts with fear than other objects swiftly. And there are many types of anxiety disorders, the majority of samples were contaminated and circumstances that were a danger to our ancestral. The primates as well as humans that had this swift procurement of fear are much more able to persist and pass on one's genes. The fear itself is not hereditary, it's the ability to quickly create those relations. Acquiring perceptions of social stimuli that indicated threat-angry or disdainful faces was also beneficial. So social phobias can have evolutionary foundations. OCD's most popular concern-waste and soil-was also a hazard to our fathers, and would have the same form of component of disaster preparedness. Seligman (1971) said maybe we just evolved to be conditioned to be more afraid of certain things today than of others. Seligman thought so much less input was needed to learn a ready-made economic stimulus direct association than a good non-prepared one. If evolution by natural selection prepares us to learn to fear small fire, we will make a connection between fear, etc and fire much faster than between the fear and a good non-prepared stimulus like a black rock. These things in life included types of situations that early on in their evolution can be dangerous / threatening to humans and animals, such as those for fire, deep water, thunder and lightning, and heights. All of those are common today phobias. Besides, the evolutionary theory of phobias implies that we have genes of fear for these objects passed down to us from our ancestors, causing us to be more 'prepared' to avoid things that were dangerous to early human beings, making us more likely to avoid these things than objects that were not dangerous to them in the past.


Related Questions

1.which country sign the treaty of chagurmas last?
2. the country wich is know as flying fish is ?​

Answers

Answer:

1)Trinidad and Tobago(July 4, 1973)

2)Barbados

Explanation:

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Cases dealing with international law are heard in which court?

Answers

Answer:

The International Court of Justice

Explanation:

Answer:

The International Court of Justice

Explanation:

How do we regulate interest groups and lobbying activity what are the goals of these regulations?

Answers

Answer:

Interest groups and lobbying activities can be regulated through:

1. Registration of interest groups and lobbyists with the Federal Government.

2. Prohibiting contacts between lobbyists and Congress members (according to The Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007)

3. Prohibition of gifts and compensations for successful lobbying.

4. Disclosure and scrutiny of money spent in lobbying.

Some of the goals of these regulations enable restrictions to lobbying among lawmakers, promote transparency, limit the influence lobbying has on legislation and to penalize corrupt systems.

why are there no horns or cirques in ohio, even though it has been glaciated

Answers

Answer:

A horn is formed when when glaciers erode three or more aretes. An arete is a thin crest of rock which is left after two glaciers worn a steep ridge. The Cirque is an amphitheater like a valley which is formed by glacial erosion. There are no horn, cirques and aretes in Ohio because glaciers have reshaped the surface of Ohio. Glaciers have scrapped and flattened the surface of Ohio.  

Explanation:

Ohio land largely consists of glaciers. These glaciers pushed down the land and scorned the land by ice ages of Canada.

What economic system has economic roles that are passed from generation to generation? A. Market B. Generational C. Command D. Traditional

Answers

Answer:

Traditnoal

Explanation: An economy in which production is based on customs and traditions and economic roles are typically passed down from one generation to the next. Our Genration has not been applicable to that because the demising methods of capitlsiam

On a day when there is no wind, you are moving toward a stationary ambulance sounding its siren. Compared to what you would hear if you were not moving, the sound that you hear has:______

Answers

Answer:

Doppler Effect

Explanation:

Doppler Effect is a term in Physics that describes the phenomenon experienced when there is change in wave frequency during the relative motion between a wave source and its observer.

In other words, it is referred to as increase or decrease in the level of sound, or other waves as the distance between source and observer is closer or farther from each other, such that it causes change in pitch, which is noticeable by the observer.

For example, when a sound object moves towards an individual or observer, the frequency of the sound waves increases, leading to a higher pitch, and at the same time, when the sound object moves away from an individual or observer, the frequency of the sound waves decreases, leading to a lower pitch. E.g passing siren from ambulance.

Hence, in this case, the right answer is DOPPLER EFFECT

Working within an atheoretical, applied approach, Parsons was the first to demonstrate how medicine functions to exert social control within the larger social system.
A. True
B. False

Answers

B. the answer is false.

Working within an atheoretical, applied approach, Parsons was the first to demonstrate how medicine functions to exert social control within the larger social system is the false statement.

What is an Atheoretical approach?

"Theoretical" techniques can take a variety of forms, from putting a crude statistical filter on time series data to taking a simple average of real interest rates over a period of time, perhaps compensating for the impact of certain shocks.

Thus, it is a false statement.

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Reasons for conserving electricity?

Answers

Answer:

There are several reasons to conserve electricity such as:

Less consumption of fossil fuels.Less pollution.Safe Drinking water.Less emission of greenhouse gases.

Explanation:

Conserving electricity to use the energy wisely and carefully by avoiding to waste the electric energy. Electricity is generated using power plants that use coals, fossil fuels, crude oils, etc. Though some may say that it is inexpenssive way of generating electric power yet it affects the environment by forming harmful gases such as carbondioxide, nitrogen oxide, and so on.

So, by conserving electricity and cutting the unnecessary use of electric power one is able to save the environment by stopping these harmful gases from forming and polluting our environment. One should not use electricity where  and when it is not used such as during day time one can switch off the lights. And also by switching off the lights of the rooms in which no one present.

When we reduce the consumption of electricity we will be able to make our environment less polluted, less emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2, and so on. Fossil fuels will be used less in the generating of electricty.

So, these are the reasons for conserving electricity.

The largest country in the world is ?

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━━━━━━━☆☆━━━━━━━

▹ Answer

Russia

▹ Step-by-Step Explanation

Russia is over 6.6 million square miles long. Russia has 9 different time zones, so it is the largest country.

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_____ is a psychological state that refers to the positive expectations of the intent or behavior of the other person in situations involving risk.

Answers

Answer:

Trust

Explanation:

Trust is simply have total confidence or believe in someone to be able to deliver or do something as expected by another individual. It is putting ur believe in someone that he or she can do that thing that we are expecting them to do or can do. It is a mental attitude that exist only in our thoughts and it is not physical. It does not estimate probability. Example is David and Cynthia are married and Cynthia Expects her husband John to always get her pizza when closing from work. Even at work, she believes that at the end of the day her husband will surely bring pizza home.

According to our textbook, the story of _____________ is a ray of hope during the period of the Judges.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer will be "Ruth ".

Explanation:

Ruth's story becomes remembered 50 days following thanksgiving, throughout Shavuot's Jewish holiday or the Festival between Weeks. This seems to be an appropriate framework for interpreting the Law and perhaps the goodness and affection and unexpected story that somehow a Judah family will find throughout Moab.The History of Ruth reports that two daughters of Moab, Ruth as well as Orpah, and actually engaged son named Elimelech as well as Naomi, Judeans who'd already established in Moab to withdraw from a drought in Judah.

So that the above is the correct answer.

what factors contribute to the cultural variety seen in the Caribbean music?

Answers

Answer:

The fact that the Caribbean was colonized and slaves were brought there

Explanation:

This created a syncretism of cultures. You had the European culture from the colonizers, the African culture from the slaves brought to work there, and the Native culture from the natives of the Caribbean

According to Eric Foner, the theme of freedom reveals that freedom for some Americans has often rested on the lack of freedom for other Americans
1. True
2. False

Answers

Answer:I think it's True.........it's just a historcale guess

Explanation:UnU this is mah last question so I hope I get it right love chu :)

How many years did it take for the world's population to go from one billion to two billion?

Answers

Answer:

123 years to reach 2 billion

Explanation:

it is estimated that the population of the world one billion for the first time in 1804. it would be another 123 years to reach two billion in 1927. but it took only 33 years to rise by another billion people, 3 million in 1960.

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Which of the following is an example of using self-reference, episodic memory, to improve retrieval?
a) Creating a poem which includes the names of the planets
b) Fitting the names of the planets into only two of the spaces in your short-term memory
c) Remembering the time you went to the planetarium and saw a video about our solar system
d) Repeating the names of the planets twenty times.

Answers

Answer:

Remembering the time you went to the planetarium and saw a video about our solar system.

Explanation:

This uses our experience memory which is episodic memory.

Episodic memory is my memory of everyday events and can e directly stated or conjured. It is a collection of past memories.

The conscious recollection of information that was encoded and stored in memory can help in improving the retrieval of the episodic memory. Such as remembering that you saw the planetarium and saw a video about the solar system.

Hence the option C is correct.

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Think of yourself as a parent, teacher, or coach of young children. You need to give them a
brief talk on trustworthiness. What would you say?

Answers

Answer:

deserving of trust or confidence; dependable; reliable: The treasurer was not entirely trustworthy.

Explanation:

4. In general, how do the concepts of "early, middle, and late demographic transition" map to the concepts of "first, second, and third world countries"?

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Demographic data goes a long way to tell about the classifications of countries on level of development, according to whether a country is a Third World country or second or first. This is based on demographic transition as originated from Warren Thompson, a demograher, in 1929. Demographic transition explains population change and transition over time as observed in countries.

In the pre transition stage or stage one of the transition, there is high birth rate and death rate, while in the early stage transition(stage 2) there is high birth rate and decreasing death rate as compared to stage 1 which is notable of Third World countries .In the late transition(stage 3), there is decreasing birth rate and decreasing death rate.

stage 4 is the post transitional society characterized by low birth rate and death rate notable in industrialized countries or first world countries

Determine how demographic transition can be used to classify "first, second, and third world country".

Demographic transition is the change in population of a society over time.

A third world country is characterised by high birth rate and low death rate.

The first world countries is characterised by low birth rate and low death rate.

The second world country is characterised by low birth rate and high death rate.

Therefore, the demographic transition of a country at a particular time can be used to determine if the country is "first, second, and third world country".

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oaquin has been in trouble with the law since he was a kid. He ran away from home at 13 and then has been in and out of juvie for various crimes such as assault and theft his entire adolescence. Once he aged out of the juvenile justice system he has done several bids upstate for assault. Joaquin has never been able to hold down a job - nor does he really see the point. He has also been abusing substances but doesn't consider himself a addict - although many of his assault convictions happened when he was drunk and high. According to the DSM-5, Joaquin could be diagnosed with: a. Conduct Disorder b. Antisocial Personality Disorder c. Psychopathy d. Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answers

Answer: contuct disorder

Explanation:

Contuct disorder (Since the problems started manifesting at an early adolescent age and other symptoms of contuct disorder

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Roshan is unsure about whether she should work more hours, so she gradually increases the hours that she
works each week. When should she stop working more hours?

Answers

Answer:

3days at least she should stop working more hours

Georgina sat for the examination about two weeks ago. She believes she passed with flying colors and checks her mail immediately upon arrival home for her results. Today, they arrived and, as she opened the envelope, she saw her test score. Did Georgina pass or fail?

Answers

Answer:

Georgina failed the exam.

Explanation:

Georgina sat for the exam 2 weeks ago and she agrees to go with the flying colors and checks her mail‌ as soon as she gets home for result But today when he came and looked at his test score as soon as the envelope was opened  she found that she failed the test. because test is qualifying by nature and if you pass, you will passand your score is inconsistent and undisclosed.

What did the europeans believe after the battle of saratoga

Answers

The Saratoga Battles marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign and gave the Americans a decisive victory over the UK in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne marched the Champlain Valley with a massive attacking army to the south, expecting to battle the same British invasion marching from New York City to the north, however with the lake Ontario marching east, the North and the West never came and the Burgoyne Upper New York and U.S. troops surrounded. He fought two minor fights that took place on the same ground, 18 days apart, 9 miles south of Saratoga , New York. The two were ineffective.

Which of the following is a technique for brainstorming new ideas by asking a lot of questions? Select one: a. starbursting b. spider-webbing c. firesparking

Answers

Answer:

spider webbing the answer is c

Red marrow is found within:_________.
a. the large cavities contained within the shafts of long bone.
b. compact bone canals.
c. spaces within spongy bone.
d. all osseous tissue of the appendicular skeleton.

Answers

Answer:

C. spaces within spongy bone.

Explanation:

The bone marrow normally is said to either be a red or yellow in a human body depending on the cells that aids in its production. Hematpoeitic is seen to be known as stem cells that are seen in red blood cells production.

These red marrow are found within the spongy bone after, fat tissue gradually replaces the red marrow, these are only in adults in body parts like vertebrae, breastbone, ribs, skull etc other cancellous, spongy.

It is known according to experts that sensitivity of marrow to damage by radiation therapy accounts for cure to impair immunity and blood production.

What are the concepts on which physiocrats built up their doctrines?

Answers

Answer:

They build up their theory on wealth being derived solely from the value of agriculture.

Explanation:

The physiocrats were referred to as economists who were mainly French who believed in physiocracy around the Eighteenth century.

Their beliefs and theory were based on how wealth is derived. They believed that wealth was derived solely from the values obtainable as a result of Agricultural activities and land resources. They also referred to land as the sole source of wealth in the world.

My mind is made up! If they do not offer me theft insurance, I will not buy the smartphone.Which of the following is this an example of?
A) Best alternative to a negotiated agreement
B) A specific limit objective
C) A target objective
D) An opening objective offer

Answers

Answer:B

Explanation:

The particular example given is an example of "A specific limit Objective".

What do you mean by specific limit objective?

Specific Objective criteria are pieces of information that are factual, independent of the discussion, and consistent with what should or should not be agreed upon in that discussion.

The terms of the Most Effective Objective are:

• sourced from a reputable and reliable source as much as possible (eg reputable suppliers of similar goods and services in the marketplace), and verified from multiple sources;

• is clearly the same and consistent with the subject matter (eg when looking at a car, compare the cost of the same model, the same year, the same options, the same mile, and many more thus comparing apples and apples);

Thus, the following given statement gives a perfect example of "A Specific limit objective".

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Cultural intelligence is something that comes automatically based on where someone has worked, studied, or lived. True False

Answers

Answer:

I think it would be true.

Explanation:

I looked it up and here is what I found:

Cultural intelligence or cultural quotient (CQ) is a term used in business, education, government and academic research. Cultural intelligence can be understood as the capability to relate and work effectively across cultures. Originally, the term cultural intelligence and the abbreviation "CQ" was developed by the research done by Christopher Earley (2002) and Earley and Soon Ang (2003). During the same period, researchers David Thomas and Kerr Inkson worked on a complementary framework of CQ as well. A few years later, Ang Soon and Linn Van Dyne Worked on a scale development of the CQ construct as a researched-based way of measuring and predicting intercultural performance.

_________refers to a coordinated effort to achieve institutional change to meet a need, solve a social problem, correct an injustice, or enhance the quality of human life.

Answers

Explanation:

macro final refers to a coordinated effort to achieve institutional change to meet a need, solve a social problem, correct an injustice, or enhance the quality of human life.

Philadelphia’s Mutter Museum has a very interesting display brain tissue from Albert Einstein. The theoretical physicist that developed the theory of relativity had correspondingly well-developed regions that involve mathematical and spatial reasoning. This slice of brain tissue from Einstein is:_______

a. From the temporal lobe
b. Of association cortex
c. Made up of sensory neurons
d. Part of the somatosensory cortex

Answers

A) from the temporal lobe

This slice of brain tissue from Einstein is Of  association cortex. Thus the correct answer is B.

What is brain tissue?

Neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells make up brain tissue. For many types of cell recovery, brain tissue is utilized as a source.

Thomas mistakenly cited the  American scholar William James as saying that the average person grows only ten percent of his idle brain.

James outlined everything that had been wrongly attributed to Einstein, arguing that he possesses the associated cortex that gave him his brilliance and mental energy that is considered idle.

Therefore, option B  Of  association cortex is appropriate.

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This essay was published in 1788 in response to an article that argued against the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. He tells you that the President will have more power than many Princes in Europe;—The President has not, in many instances, as much power as the Governor of this State. He tells you also that the President has the power to call out the Militia, when, and how he pleases; this is not a fact. The power of calling out the Militia is vested in Congress:—Congress ought to have the power of calling out the Militia in cases of invasions or insurrections; for instance, if our State was to be invaded by a numerous enemy, too powerful for our Militia to oppose, ought not Congress to have power to call on the Militia of the other States to assist us? Surely they ought: Or are we to be destroyed because we have not force sufficient to drive the enemy from amongst us? This is the monstrous power which the Congress have over the Militia, and which this man relates such frightful tales about.—The Governor of this State has more power over the Militia of the State than the President will have over the militia of the United States. According to the essay, what is the effect of dividing control of the military power of the United States between Congress and the president? A.limiting the military powers of the states A. limiting the military powers of the states B.providing assistance to the state governors B. providing assistance to the state governors C.preventing the consolidation of power in one individual C. preventing the consolidation of power in one individual D.ensuring protection against invasion by a foreign force D. ensuring protection against invasion by a foreign force

Answers

Answer:

C.

Explanation:

War Powers Resolution is an act enacted in the US Constitution. According to this resolution, power of the US President is limited over US Armed Forces. The US President has to ask for consent from the Congress before sending Armed Forces for any mission. The resolution was taken in the light when President Blii Clinton declared the bombing campaign in Kosovo in 1999.

The given article is talking about this shared power of armed forces between the US President and Congress which will ensure the safety of war powers by preventing the consolidation of power in one's hand.

Thus the correct answer is option C.

Out of the choices provided above, the statement, ''preventing the consolidation of power in one individual'', is the one that can be identified as an effect of dividing control of the military power of the United States between the President and Congress. Therefore, the option C holds true.

What is the significance of powers of Congress and the President?

The powers related to military of the United States are divided between the President and the Congress for the purpose of effective management and making sure that there is equal power in both the superior authorities of the US governance.

Division of the military powers has helped the US governance to lead a prevention of the aggregation or consolidation of powers in only the hands of a single authority, i.e., The President or the House of Congress.

Therefore, the option C holds true and states regarding the significance of the powers of Congress and the President.

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13. What is the purpose of on-the-job training programs found in some prisons?
A) To keep the inmate occupied while in prison.
B) To help the inmates return something back to society for their crimes.
C) To rehabilitate prisoners.

16. Lance is afraid that, even though he is innocent, he will make a bad impression upon the jury. Must Lance speak at the trial?

Answers

Answer:

B & Yes he should

Explanation:

Even if you are scared you should always speak up for yourself so you don't get proven guilty for something you didn't do

The purpose of on-the-job training programs found in some prisons is to  help the inmates return something back to society for their crimes. Thus option (B) is correct.

What is society?

A society consists of its people and the institutions that surround them. A characteristic of more advanced societies is that their members often share political authority.

The characteristics of societies are that they share values, beliefs, and cultures. Every individual society has different values, beliefs, and cultures; no two societies are the same.

The postindustrial societies are a more recent development based on producing information and services. They come after industrial societies and mainly thrive from technological advancements.

The purpose of on-the-job training programs found in some prisons is to  help the inmates return something back to society for their crimes. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

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Economists are: Select one: a. concerned with developing theories and interested in solving problems. b. interested in solving problems but not concerned with developing theories. c. reluctant to predict changes in variables such as prices, employment, and spending. d. always in agreement on the best way to implement policy decisions. What two examples of patterns and repetition? a) Complete the table of values for y = 3x 1X-2-10123yI-45 The diagram shows a parallelogram.4 cm7 cm100Work out the area of the parallelogram.Give your answer to 2 significant figures. A microbiologist would like to use a noncompetent genus of streptococcal bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, as a cloning host to express genes from Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is naturally competent. Is this possible? Group of answer choices Which is an example of the bystander effect?A. Of all the people in the park on Sunday, only two of them chooseto use the hiking trail.B. People work together in groups to clean up a park so that it can beused by children who live in the surrounding area.C. Of the 100 people who witnessed a crime in a local park, no onereported it.D. Hundreds of people use a park's facilities every day, and very fewcrimes are committed on the park grounds. Which is the role of the gall bladder? help with spanish please and thank you ! The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices was called Group of answer choices the school of freedom. Fordism. scientific management. the assembly line. Chemistry question. Image attached. The flying of new employees to a three-day training session at Uberversity in San Francisco to learn about the company is part of the organization's:_______ a) labor relations b) selection process c) performance management d) benefits e) onboarding A B C DWHICH ONE?? PLEASE HELP ME !!! Can someone help me solve (a) and (c) pls.Thanks An airline allows passenger 33 kg of luggage cost to lower the weight of a suitcase by 25% to stay within the limit how much does suitcase originally way If Agriculture Goes Wrong, Nothing Else Will Have A Chance To Go Right In The Country- M S Swami Nathan. With Reference To The Above Quote Gather Information On Green Revolution And Agriculture In India PLease help me! Why are the seminal vesicles important for human reproduction Write about the trade status in NepalPlease hurry !:) Why are similes hard? find the value of t perimeter