Cold packs, whose temperatures are lowered when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water, are carried by athletic trainers when transporting ice is not possible. Which of the following is true of this reaction?Group of answer choicesΔH = 0, since cold packs are sealedΔH > 0, process is endothermicΔH > 0, process is exothermicΔH < 0, process is exothermicΔH < 0, process is endothermic

Answers

Answer 1

ΔH > 0, the process is endothermic; this is true about this reaction in which ammonium nitrate is dissolved in water

An endothermic reaction is a term used in chemistry to describe the chemical reactions in which the reactants absorb heat energy from the surrounding environment to produce the products

When cold packs are filled with water and ammonium nitrate, and the bag is squeezed then the water interacts with the chemical (ammonium nitrate) to initiate a reaction that decreases the temperature of the water to almost freezing. It can decrease inflammation and numb pain in the area because the icing is effective at reducing swelling and pain because the cold constricts blood vessels and decreases circulation to the area of inflammation.

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Related Questions

for the electron in the hydrogen atom, which of the sets of observables below are compatible observables?

Answers

For the electron in the hydrogen atom, the sets of observable below are compatible observable is-

The total energy, the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum and its component along the z-axis.

What is the charge of an electron in hydrogen atom?

A hydrogen atom has one positively charged proton and one negatively charged electron, making it overall neutral. The hydrogen ion has an electric charge of one when it loses that one electron to become an ion.

In hydrogen gas, each hydrogen molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms that are bound together. Similarly, two oxygen atoms combine to form an oxygen molecule.

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All of the following species contain N-O bond(s): NO-, NO2-, NO3-
Draw the Lewis structure(s) for each, then answer the following questions
Which has the strongest N-O bond? --
A. NO⁻
B. NO₂⁻
C. NO₃⁻
Which has the longest N-O bond? --
A.NO⁻
B.NO₂⁻
C. NO₃⁻

Answers

Lewis structure of NO⁻, NO₂⁻ and NO₃⁻ are attached to this answere below.

The higher the bond order, the stronger the bond and thus the shorter the bond.

The bond order for NO⁻ is  [tex]\frac{3 electrons}{1 bonding.group}[/tex] = 3/1 = 3

The bond order for  NO₂⁻ is [tex]\frac{3 electrons}{2 bonding.group}[/tex] = 3/2 = 1.5

The bond order for NO₃⁻ is [tex]\frac{4 electrons}{3 bonding.group}[/tex] = 4/3 = 1.33

Here, you can see the bond order decreases as the number of oxygens in these compounds increases and we know higher the bond order, the stronger the bond and thus the shorter the bond.

So, NO₃⁻ has lowest bond order that means it has longest and weak bond After NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻ comes and it has stronger bond than  NO₃⁻ and shorter Bond length than  NO₃⁻. NO⁻ has shortest and strongest bond among all three.

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which of the following is not a network solid? a. elemental silicon, si(s) b. diamond, c(s) c. buckminster fullerene, c60(s) d. silicon dioxide, sio2(s) e. graphite

Answers

Buckminster fullerene is choice (c). A network solid is a substance that contains atoms bound together by covalent bonds in a continuous network that permeates the entire substance.

What are examples of network solids?

Diamond is a typical example of a network solid (a form of pure carbon) At normal temperature, carbon occurs in three different states as a pure element: graphite (the most stable state), diamond, and fullerene.

What is the purpose of pure carbon?

Coal, which is mostly composed of carbon, is used as a fuel. Graphite is used for electrodes, dry cells, high temperature crucibles, pencil tips, and lubricants. Due to their extreme hardness, diamonds are employed in both jewelry and industrial.

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a 2.25-g sample of magnesium nitrate, mg(no3)2, contains mol of this compound. question 20 options: 0.0152 65.8 38.4 148.3 0.0261

Answers

a 2.25 g sample of magnesium nitrate contains 0.0152 mol of this compound.

Calculation

The given amount of sample is 2.25 g.

The given sample is Mg(NO3)2.

The molar mass of Mg(NO3)2 is the sum of the atomic mass of each atom present in Mg(NO3)2.

The molar mass of Mg(NO3)2 is 148.3 g/mol.

The mole of Mg(NO3)2 is determined as follows:

Mole= Mass/Molar mass

On substituting known values;

Mole= 2.25g/148.3g/mol

Mole=0.0152mol

So, the mole magnesium nitrate is 0.0152.

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a mixture of gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. the cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of . the cylinder is also submerged in a large insulated water bath. (see sketch at right.) the temperature of the water bath is monitored, and it is determined from this data that of heat flows into the system during the reaction. the position of the piston is also monitored, and it is determined from this data that the system does of work on the piston during the reaction. is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? exothermic endothermic does the temperature of the water bath go up or down? up down neither does the piston move in or out? in out neither does the reaction absorb or release energy? absorb release neither

Answers

The reaction is exothermic and therefore the temperature of the water bath go up.

What is exothermic reaction?

A chemical reaction involves the movement of energy to or from the environment.

An exothermic reaction occurs when energy is transmitted to the environment, increasing temperature.

The reaction is exothermic because energy is released as a result of it.The released heat will be employed to operate on the piston and to raise the temperature due to the heat input from the eater bath, respectively.

As a result, the bath's temperature will increase.

As was already indicated, the heat generated will exert force on the piston, causing it to move out.Energy produced during the reaction. Heat will therefore go from the gas combination to the bath.

The solution is hence "out."

We know the released energy = work + heat supplied to the bath

energy = 390 kJwork = 117 kJ

Clearly,

heat = energy - work

= (390 - 117) kJ

= 273 kJ

Thus, when the energy is absorbed by the system, a positive sign is assigned.

Therefore, the reaction absorb energy.

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Under which of the following sets of conditions is a real gas expected to deviate from ideal behavior?
(I) High pressure, small volume.
(II) High temperature, low pressure.
(III) Low temperature, high pressure
A. Only I
B. Only II
C. Only III
D. I and III both
Answer: D

Answers

(I) High pressure, small volume.

(III) Low temperature, high pressure

sets of conditions is a real gas expected to deviate from ideal behavior

A theoretical gas called an ideal gas is one that has lots of point particles flying around arbitrarily and not being affected by other particles. The ideal gas notion is advantageous because it complies with the ideal gas law, a condensed equation of state, and is amenable to statistical mechanics analysis. A theoretical gas called an ideal gas is one that has many of randomly moving particles but doesn't have any interparticle interactions. The converse is true for a real gas; it takes up space and its molecules interact. As a result, PV is always equal to nRT.

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Joseph has found that when he passes a high voltage current through an evacuated tube, he can make a phosphor coating on one end of the tube glow. One day he makes the that if a metal shape is put in the middle of the tube, it casts a shadow on the phosphor coating.

Answers

The phosphor coating is shadowed when a metal form is placed in the center of the tube.

Who or what uses phosphor?

The majority of the light emitted by fluorescent lamps is created by phosphor layers, which are also used to balance the light from metal halide lamps. To create multiple light hues, neon signs employ phosphor layers.

Phosphorus may be found where?

The richest sources of phosphorus include dairy, red meat, poultry, shellfish, legumes, and nuts, while phosphorus is naturally present in a wide range of foods. It is referred to as organic phosphorus when it is present in certain meals. Foods from animals and plants both facilitate its absorption more effectively.

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18.0 g of nitrogen gas occupies 19.0 l at a particular temperature and pressure. 67.0 g of unknown gas occupies the same volume at the same pressure and temperature. what is the molar mass of the unknown gas?

Answers

Molar mass of unknown gas is 52 g/mol and Unknown gas is chromium

Given in the question;

Mass of nitrogen = 18 g

So, No of Moles of nitrogen (n')  = 18/14 = 1.28 mol

Volume of nitrogen (V') = Volume of unknown gas (V") = 19 L

Let number of mol of unknown solution be X(n")

Applying Ideal gas law PV = nRT (mention in question that pressure and temperature of both gas is same R is already constant)

So, V'/n' = V"/n"

Thus, 19/1.28 = 19/n"

n" = 1.28 mol

So, No of mols of unknown gas is 1.28 mol.

Molar mass of Unknown gas = Given mass/number of mols

                                                = 67/1.28 = 52 g/mol

So, Molar mass of unknown gas is 52 g/mol and Unknown gas is chromium

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in terms of bonding, simply explain why silicate materials have relatively low densities. (0.5 points)

Answers

Due to the interatomic Si-O bonds' substantial covalent character and directionality, which restricts the efficiency of atom packing, silicate materials have relatively low densities.

By sharing electrons among nearby atoms, covalent bonds produce a stable electron configuration. At least one electron from each atom will be shared by two atoms that are covalently connected. A 3D structure is created. The bonds between atoms are very directional because electrons are shared between them. Because of this directionality, atomic packing is less dense and results in low density.

The second most plentiful element on earth, silicon, is a crucial component of the mineral world. Due to its solid tetrahedral structure, it is very adaptable and used in a variety of ways in our daily lives.

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Do you think it would be useful to determine the chemical properties of any of the evidence? why or why not? (at least one sentence).

Answers

Chemical categories may be created using Chemical properties . They can be helpful in identifying unknown chemicals as well as in separating or purifying them from other substances.

Any characteristic of a substance that can only be formed by altering its chemical identity is referred to as a Chemical properties . Chemical properties include those that emerge during or after a chemical reaction. Simply put, it is impossible to detect a substance's chemical qualities by looking at it or feeling it; instead, the internal structure of the substance must be significantly altered in order to conduct an investigation into its chemical properties. Chemical change happens when a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, which causes significant changes in its properties. An additional chemical feature would be one that is catalytic, though.

Physical qualities, on the other hand, can be identified without altering the structure of a substance, in contrast to chemical attributes

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malate is converted to oxaloacetate by malate dehydrogenase using the cofactor nad .nad . note that histidine is the base needed to start the reaction, and it is abbreviated as :b.:b. only the relevant portion of nad nad is shown.

Answers

NAD+ + malate → NADH + oxaloacetate

The reaction is catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase, and is initiated by the binding of histidine (abbreviated as :b.:b.) to the enzyme. The reaction proceeds as follows:

:b.:b. + malate → :b.:b. malate

NAD+ + :b.:b. malate → NADH + oxaloacetate

What is Malate?

Malate is a type of organic acid found naturally in many plants, including apples and oranges. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle, a biochemical process by which energy is released from food molecules. Malate is also used as a food additive to enhance flavor and color and is often added to sports drinks and other beverages.

Define Histidine?

Histidine is an essential amino acid that is found in proteins. It is important for growth and repair of tissues, and it helps regulate the acid-base balance in the body. Histidine is also important for the production of both red and white blood cells, and it has roles in the nervous system, immune system, and digestive system.

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nitrogen oxide can be generated on a laboratory scale by the reaction of dilute sulfuric acid with aqueous sodium nitrite: 6 nano2(aq) 1 3 h2so4(aq) 88n 4 no(g) 1 2 hno3(aq) 1 2 h2o(,) 1 3 na2so4(aq) what volume of 0.646 m aqueous nano2 should be used in this reaction to generate 5.00 l of nitrogen oxide at a temperature of 20°c and a pressure of 0.970 atm?

Answers

Number of moles is 0.202 mol.

The balanced equation for a reaction is represented as follows:

6 NaNO, (aq) +3 H₂SO₄, (aq) -> 4 NO(g)+2HNO, (aq)+2 H₂O (D)+3 Na SO, (aq) The number of moles of nitrogen oxide (NO) can be calculated using ideal gas equation which is represented as follows:

PV =NRT

Here,

P =pressure of a sample of gas

V = volume of a sample of gas

N = number of moles of gas present

T= absolute temperature

R =universal gas constant= 0.08206 L atm mol⁻¹ k⁻¹

The equation is solved for and then substituted with known values as follows:

no of moles := PV/RT = (0.970*5.00) / (0.08206 *293) =0.202 mol

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a cylinder with a moveable piston contains 92g of nitrogen. the external pressure is constant at 1.00 atm. the initial temperature is 200k. when the temperature is increased by 92 k, by taking it out of the freezer, the volume will increase, according to the ideal gas law. calculate the work for this process. express your answer in j. the conversion factor between liter atmospheres and joules is 101.3 j

Answers

The work done is equal to 1911.53 J.

Solution:

work done =  18.87Latm

= 18.87 x 101.3j

= 1911.53 j

The work done is calculated by substituting the value of pressure, final volume, and initial volume in the work done equation. Then, the unit for work done will be in L atm, and this is converted into joules by multiplying the value in L atm with:

The work done is equal to 101.3j

= 1911.53j

Thus, The work done is equal to 1911.53 J.

The total cost of work in process refers to the sum of the starting cost of work in process and the total manufacturing cost for the period. In other words, the above concept can be obtained by adding the original work-in-progress inventory to the total manufacturing cost.

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aqueous hydrobromic acid reacts with solid sodium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium bromide and liquid water . what is the theoretical yield of sodium bromide formed from the reaction of of hydrobromic acid and of sodium hydroxide?

Answers

The theoretical yield of sodium bromide is 82.21 g.

Theoretical yield :

Sodium bromide formed from the reaction of 64.7g of hydrobromic acid and 53.4g of sodium hydroxide.

molecular weight of hydrobromic acid ( HBr ) = 80.9119 g/mol

molecular weight of Sodium bromide ( NaBr) = 102.894 g/mol

Now,

If 80.9 g of hydrobromic acid form 102.8 g of sodium bromide

∴ 64.7 g of hydrobromic acid form  ( ? ) g of sodium bromide

 = (64.7 × 102.8) / 80.9

 = 82.21 g of sodium bromide

So, 82.21 g of Sodium bromide formed from the reaction of 64.7g of hydrobromic acid and 53.4g of sodium hydroxide.

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Below are six boundary - surface representations of molecular orbitals in homonuclear (second period) diatomic molecules. Which of the following represents a pi-bonding molecular orbitals? Select all that apply.

Answers

The statement was not given completely hence it is not possible to give correct answer for surface representations of molecular orbitals in homonuclear (second period) diatomic molecules and which of the following represents a pi-bonding molecular orbitals.

What is pi-bonding?

The term "pi bond" refers to a type of covalent chemical interaction in which two orbital lobes on one atom overlap laterally with two orbital lobes on another atom.

Homonuclear diatomic molecules:

Homonuclear molecules are those made up of only one type of element and when we talk of Homonuclear diatomic molecules then these Homonuclear molecules are composed with two molecules of same element.

Some example of Homonuclear diatomic molecules are  :

hydrogen (H2)oxygen (O2)nitrogen (N2) all of the halogens

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refer to the neutralization of nitric acid by sodium hydroxide discussed in the introduction. calculate the heat of reaction (in kj) when 44.4 ml of 1.3 m nitric acid reacts with 51.5 ml of 0.6 m sodium hydroxide.

Answers

The heat of reaction when 44.4 ml of 1.3M nitric acid reacts with 51.5 ml of 0.6M sodium hydroxide is 1.65 KJ/mol.

The neutralization reaction of HNO₃ and NaOH takes place according to the reaction as,

HNO₃+ NaOH → NaNO₃ + H₂O

So, as we can see, one mole of HNO₃ reats completely with one mole of NaOH.

The heat of reaction is the heat the heat released when one mole of HNO₃ completely reacts with one mole of NaOH. For one mole, the heat of reaction is 53.7 KJ/mol

Now, in this case 44.4 ml of 1.3M nitric acid reacts with 51.5 ml of 0.6M sodium hydroxide.

So, millimoles of HNO₃ are 57.59 millimoles.

Now, millimoles of NaOH are 30.9 millimoles.

So, because NaOH is limiting reagent, so,

The heat of the reaction will be,

Heat of reaction = 53.7 x 1000 x 30.9/1000

Heat of reaction = 1.65 KJ/mol.

So, the heat of the reaction is 1.65 KJ/mol.

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when you reach the temperature of the what point, you become a liquid?

Answers

Answer:

depends on what the substance is for example iron has a 2,800F melting point

Explanation:

Determine the equilibrium constant at 255 K for the following reaction under acidic conditions 4H+(aq) + MnO, (s) +2Fe2+ (aq)-> Mn2+ (aq) +2Fe3+ (aq) + 2H,0? The two half-reactions are: MnO2(s) +4H+(aq) + 2e-? Mn2+(aq) + 2H20(1) E?-1.23 V Fe3-(aq) + e-? Fe2 + (ag) E -0.770 V

Answers

The equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction at 255K is given by the Nernst equation.

What is equilibrium constant?
The value of a chemical reaction's reaction ratio at chemical equilibrium, a government that a dynamic chemical system approaches after enough time has passed and at which its structure has no discernible tendency to change further, is the equilibrium constant for that reaction. The equilibrium constant seems to be dependent on the initial analysis concentration levels of the product and reactant species in the mixture for a particular set of reaction conditions. As a result, the composition of a system at equilibrium can be calculated from its initial composition using known equilibrium constant values. However, factors affecting the reaction such as temperature, solvent, as well as ionic strength may all affect the equilibrium constant's value.

The equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction at 255K is given by the Nernst equation:
K = e^(-ΔG/RT)
where ΔG is the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction and R is the gas constant.

Using the half-reactions, we can calculate the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction (ΔG) as follows:
ΔG = -nF(E1-E2)
where n is the number of moles of electrons transferred in the reaction and F is the Faraday constant.
For the reaction above, n=2 and F=96,485 C/mol. Therefore,
ΔG = -2*96,485*(1.23-0.77) = -189.4 kJ/mol
Therefore, the equilibrium constant (K) at 255K is given by:
K = e^(-189.4/8.314*255) = 2.13 x 10^-11

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Classify each substance as a strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte, or nonelectrolyte:(a) Sodium permanganate (b) Acetic acid (c) Methanol (d) Calcium acetate

Answers

Sodium permanganate and Calcium acetate are strong electrolyte, Acetic acid  is weak electrolyte and Methanol is nonelectrolyte.

With the chemical formula NaMnO4, sodium permanganate is an inorganic substance. Most commonly, it comes in monohydrate form. Iron and manganese are removed, taste and odour are controlled, biological growth in treatment plants is controlled, and sodium permanganate is employed as an oxidant. By oxidising precursors and decreasing the need for other disinfectants, including chlorine, it can aid in lowering the development of disinfection byproducts (DBPs).

The chemical name for acetic acid, officially known as ethanoic acid, is CH3COOH. It is an organic substance that is acidic, colourless, and liquid. Its chemical formula is CH3COOH, and other names for acetic acid include ethanoic acid, ethylic acid, vinegar acid, and methane carboxylic acid. Vinegar gets its distinctive smell from acetic acid, a byproduct of fermentation. A 4-6% acetic acid solution makes up vinegar.

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what is the molarity of an hcl solution if it takes 25.00 ml of a 0.750 m naoh solution to neutralize 10.00 ml of the hcl solution?

Answers

1.875M is the molarity of an HCl solution if it takes 25.00 ml of a 0.750 m NaOH solution to neutralize 10.00 ml of the HCl solution

The Balanced reaction for the equation is given by:

HCl+NaOH⇌H₂O+NaCl

It is given that the molarity of NaOH is 0.750M, the volume of HCl is 25ml, the volume of HCl to be neutralized is 10ml.

Then, By titration:

We know that,

Molarity = n/V

n = Molarity x V

0.025 L of 0.750 mol/L of NaOH = No of moles of NaOH

No of moles NaOH = 0.025 x 0.750

No of moles of NaOH = 0.01875 mol

Then it can be written that,

0.01875 mol NaOH and 1 mol HCl/1 mol NaOH = 0.01875 mol HCl

Now,

0.01875 mol HCl / 0.010 L = 1.875M HCl

Therefore, the molarity is 1.875M

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A naturally occurring sample of an element contains only two isotopes. The first isotope has a mass of 68.9255 amu and a natural abundance of 60.11%. The second isotope has a mass of 70.9247 amu. Use this information to answer the following questions. Calculate the atomic mass of the element, to 4 significant figures. Include the unit, amu, in your answer below. Give the full name for the element that exists as these two isotopes. Explain how you determined the element name in the above question.

Answers

The atomic mass of the element, to 4 significant figures is  69.72 amu and the element is Gallium.

A mass for an atom is called its atomic mass. The unified atomic mass unit, which is not a SI unit but rather a non-SI counterpart of the dalton, is a common way to represent atomic mass, even though the kilogram is the SI unit of mass. A carbon-12 atom that is unbound and in its ground state has a mass of 112 of a gramme (Da). The single atom of a chemical element has a mass known as the atomic mass. Protons, neutrons, and electrons, three subatomic atomic particles with atomic masses, are involved.

With the chemical symbol Ga and atomic number 31, gallium is one of the elements. Gallium, a member of the periodic table's group 13 and a metal, was first discovered by the French chemist Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875.

abundance of second isotope = (100 - 60.11) = 39.89 %

atomic mass of element = 68.9255 * (60.11 / 100) + 70.9247 * (39.89 / 100)

                                         = 69.72 amu (answer)

since the atomic mass of the element, 69.72 amu, matches that of gallium.

so, name of the element is Gallium and symbol is Ga

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lone pairs present in trigonal bipyramidal electron-pair geometry always occupy which position? A. equatorial B. axial C. central D. none of the above

Answers

The Lone pairs present in trigonal bipyramidal electron pair geometry always occupies equatorial position.

In the trigonal bipyramidal electron pair geometry, the electrons which do not forms Bond with any other atom are called lone pair of electron.

These lone pair of electrons generally goes to the equatorial position of the geometry.

They do so because the equatorial geometry provides them the maximum stability as we know that The Lone pair-lone pair repulsion is more than the bond-pair Bond pair repulsion.

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a sample of gas has a volume of 5.75 l at 425 mmhg. what is the new pressure if the volume is changed to 7.60 l while the temperature and amount of gas are held constant?

Answers

With the temperature and amount of gas remaining constant, the new pressure for a sample of gas with a volume of 5.75 l at 425 mmHg is 562 mmHg. We can use gas constant.

The force applied perpendicular to an object's surface per unit area across which that force is spread is known as pressure (symbol: p or P). The pressure relative to the surrounding air is known as gauge pressure, sometimes spelled gauge pressure. The sign R or R stands for the molar gas constant, also known as the gas constant, universal gas constant, or ideal gas constant. It is the Boltzmann constant's molar equivalent, measured in units of energy per degree of temperature increment and amount of substance. According to Boyle's rule, pressure and volume are inversely related at constant temperature and gas volume, hence P1V1 = P2V2 P2=P1V1 /V2 V1 = beginning gas volume = 5.75 L V2 = final gas volume = 7.60 L.

P1 = 425 mmHg initial gas pressure

If we plug the value P2= 425*7.60/5.75 = 561.7 mmHg, the answer is the fourth choice at 562 mmHg.

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5. determine the overall cell reaction and e°cell at 25°c of a galvanic cell made of a cd electrode in a 1.0 m cd(no3)2 solution and a pb electrode in a 1.0 m pb(no3)2 solution.

Answers

The overall cell reaction and e°cell at 25°c of a galvanic cell made of a cd electrode in a 1.0 m cd(no3)2 solution and a pb electrode in a 1.0 m pb(no3)2 solution. D.) Pb2+(aq) + Zn(s) > Pb(s) + Zn2+(aq), In order for the cell to be galvanic, the overall cell potential must be a positive value and it must have redox half-cell reactions. The oxidation/reduction half-cell reactions occur as follows. Zn  →  Zn2+  +  2e-                                 E0 = -(-0.76) V

 (We reversed this because it is an oxidation reaction (as Zn oxidised with ease when compared to Pb), and the other is

Pb2+  +  2 e-  →  Pb                                E0 = -0.13 V  (Reduction reaction).

A galvanic cell or voltaic cell is an electrochemical device that uses spontaneous redox reactions to transform chemical energy into electrical energy. Gadget cell The voltaic cell is an electrochemical device that uses chemical reactions to produce electricity. An electrochemical cell called a galvanic cell can generate electricity through a chemical reaction. In an electrolytic cell, a chemical reaction is propagated by an electric current. In this cell, chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy. Chemical energy is transformed from electrical energy by it. The anode of a galvanic cell will receive electrons as they enter. The anode is negatively charged because electrons are positively charged particles. The cathode operates similarly.

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Calculate the standard reaction entropy for the decomposition of 1 mol calcite to carbon dioxide gas and solid calcium oxide at 25°c.

Answers

Entropy change is typically 160.6 J/K.

ΔH°reaction=∑ΔH°f(reactants)+∑ΔH°f(reactants)

What does a typical entropy mean?

The entropy content of one mole of a pure substance at a standard condition of pressure and any desired temperature is known as the standard molar entropy in chemistry. These are frequently (but not always) used as the typical temperature and pressure.

How is the entropy of a reaction calculated?

Take an energy reading at a given temperature to calculate entropy. To quantify thermal energy transmitted (q) at a particular temperature, a calorimeter is typically used. Maintain the temperature value mathematically constant by assuming only extremely slight variations in the process's conditions.

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which best explains the following trend? element b.p. (k) he 4 ne 25 ar 95 kr 125 xe 170 a. intramolecular forces b. dipole-dipole interaction c. hydrogen bonding d. le chatelier's principle e. none of these

Answers

London force best explains the following trend - element b.p. (k) He 4 Ne 25 Ar 95 Kr 125 Xe 170.

The least powerful intermolecular force is the London dispersion force. When the electrons in two nearby atoms occupy positions that cause the atoms to temporarily form dipoles, the consequence is the London dispersion force, a transient attractive force. The term "induced dipole-induced dipole attraction" is frequently used to describe this effect. When the temperature is sufficiently dropped, London forces—attractive forces—cause nonpolar substances to condense into liquids and to freeze into solids.

When an atom or molecule's electrons are dispersed asymmetrically around the nucleus, an instantaneous (temporary) dipole can form due to the electrons' continual mobility.

Thus London force best explains the following trend- element b.p. (k) he 4 Ne 25 Ar 95 Kr 125 Xe 170.

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Partial bonding, for example, as part of a resonance hybrid, often results in structures with _____.

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Partial bonding, for example, as part of a resonance hybrid, often results in structures with fractional bond orders.

What is resonance hybrid?

Resonance structures are a collection of two or more Lewis structures that together represent the electronic bonding of a single polyatomic species, including fractional bonds and fractional charges.

When a single Lewis formula with an integral number of covalent bonds is used, resonance structures can describe delocalized electrons that cannot be described by that formula.

Are there any partial charges in resonance hybrids?

There must never be any net formal charge in a resonance structure. The net partial charge on an atom, on the other hand, is the weighted average of the formal plus partial charges on that atom in each resonance contributor. Individual atoms, however, may have partial formal charges.

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the osmotic pressure, π , of a solution of glucose is 88.0 atm . find the molarity of the solution at 298 k .

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The osmotic pressure, π , of a solution of glucose is 88.0 atm . the molarity of the solution at 298 K  is 3.60 mol/ L

given that :

osmotic pressure of glucose = 88.0 atm

temperature = 298 K

the expression for the osmotic pressure is as follows :

π = i M R T

where ,

i = van't hoff's factor = 1

R = constant = 0.082 L atm / mol K

T = temperature = 298 K

π = osmotic pressure = 88.0 atm

M = molarity = ?

M = π / i RT

M = 88 / ( 1 × 0.082 × 298 )

M = 88 / 24.43

M = 3.60 mol /L

Thus, the molarity of solution is 3.60 mol/L

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true or false. in a voltaic cell, the oxidation and reduction reactions occur in separate compartments. g

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The release of energy from a spontaneous reaction can be put to good use. The reaction must be divided into the oxidation and reduction reactions, two independent half-reactions, in order to capture this energy. '

It only makes sense that electrons move from the electrode with a higher negative charge to the electrode with a higher positive charge since the anode and cathode are opposites of each other. The anode is one electrode where the oxidation half-reaction takes place, while the cathode is the electrode where the reduction half-reaction takes place.

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In general, a lone pair repels bonding electron pairs _____ than bonding pairs repel each other. A lone pair will therefore _____ the bond angle between bonding pairs. A double bond has a similar effect because a double bond has a _____ electron density than a single bond.

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In general, a lone pair repels bonding electron pairs more than bonding pairs repel each other. A lone pair will therefore decrease the bond angle between bonding pairs greater.

What makes a double bond?

When atoms share two pairs of electrons, this double bond is created. Pairs of electrons are constantly shared. A chemical bond is just a shared pair of electrons. A double connection between two atoms requires more energy for break than a single bond because 4 electrons are shared by the two or more atoms in the double bond.

What type of bond is a double bond?

A covalent link with bond order = 2 made up of four electrons, two of which form sigma and pi bonds, respectively. displaying single, doubled, and tripling bonds in the Lewis structure. a molecular representation of ethylene's dual bond.

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