The conjugate acid-base pairs are ( HF, F⁻) and ( H₂O, H₃O⁺ )
What is conjugate acid base pair?A conjugate acid-base pair, as defined by Bronsted-Lowry, consists of two compounds that are distinct only in that they contain a proton (H⁺). The addition of a proton to a base results in the formation of a conjugate acid, while the removal of a proton from an acid result in the formation of a conjugate base.
The reaction becomes:
HF + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + F⁻
The conjugate acid-base pairs are ( HF, F⁻) and ( H₂O, H₃O⁺ )
Here,
F⁻ to HF is conjugate acid.H₃O⁺ to H₂O is conjugate base.HF to F⁻ is conjugate base.H₂O to H₃O⁺ is conjugate acid.To know more about conjugate acid-base refer to:
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Carbon dioxide gas, CO2, effuses at a rate that is 1.087 times the effusion rate of a second gas. One molecule of this second gas contains one atom of nitrogen and two other atoms that are identical. What element are these other atoms?
Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. To solve such, we need to know the relation between rate of effusion and molar mass of gases. Therefore, the molar mass of unknown gas is 53.6g/mol.
What is ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature.
Mathematically the relation between rate of effusion of gases and their molar masses can be given as:
rate of effusion of unknown gas/rate of effusion of carbon dioxide gas=√molar mass of carbon dioxide/molar mass of particular gas
rate of effusion of carbon dioxide=1.087 ×rate of effusion of unknown gas
Substituting all the given values we get
rate of effusion of unknown gas÷ 1.087 ×rate of effusion of unknown gas=√44 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas
1÷ 1.087=√44 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas
squaring both side
0.82=44 g/mol÷ molar mass of unknown gas
molar mass of unknown gas= 53.6g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of unknown gas is 53.6g/mol
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An aqueous solution contains the amino acid glycine (NH2CH2COOH). Assuming the acid does not ionise in water, calculate the molality of the solution if it freezes at 21.1°C.
The molality of the solution is -11.34 m/kg. The number of moles of solute in a solution equal to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is referred to as its molality.
What is meant by molality?The number of moles of solute in a solution equal to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is referred to as its molality. The definition of molarity, on the other hand, is based on a certain volume of solution. Mol/kg is a typical molality measurement unit in chemistry.
While a solution's molarity is determined by the moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in litres, a solution's molality is determined by the moles of solute divided by the mass of the solvent in kilogrammes.
Colligative property: freezing point depression.
ΔT = Kf. m
ΔT = T°fussion pure solvent - T° fussion solution
Kf = depression constant for water
0°C - (21.1°C) = 1.86 °C/m . m
-21.1°C = 1.86°C/m . m
-21.1°C / 1.86° m/°C = m → -11.34 m/kg
The molality of the solution is -11.34 m/kg
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how many atoms in 0.034 moles of titanium
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \boxed{2.0468 \times {10}^{22} \: \text{atoms} }}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the number of entities in a given substance we use the formula
[tex] \bold{N = n \times L} [/tex]
where n is the number of moles
N is the number of entities
L is the Avogadro's constant which is
6.02 × 10²³ entities
From the question
n = 0.034 moles
N = 0.034 × 6.02 × 10²³ = 2.0468 × 10²²
We have the final answer as
[tex] \bold{2.0468 \times {10}^{22} \: \text{atoms}}[/tex]
In this chemical equation below 2 Mg + HCI are called the ?
2 Mg + HCI —> MgCl2 + H2
In this chemical equation below 2Mg + HCI are called the reactants. Therefore, option (4) is correct.
What is the chemical equation?A chemical equation can be defined as a representation of a chemical reaction with help of chemical symbols, and molecular formulae of the substances. A chemical equation exhibits reactants participating, formed products in the reaction, and an arrow shows the direction of the chemical reaction.
The chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element on either side of the equation should be equal is called a balanced chemical equation.
A chemical equation obeys the law of conservation of mass. By obeying this law, in a balanced chemical equation, the total mass on the reactant side must be equal to total mass on the product side.
In the given chemical equation, Mg and HCl are reactants and MgCl₂and H₂ are products.
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Calculate the relative molecular mass of aspartame.
The chemical formula of aspartame is C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₅ and it's relative molecular mass is 294.30 g/mol which is calculated as (12×14)+(1×18)+(14×2)+(16×5).
What is molecular mass?Molecular mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molecular mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.
The molar mass and formula mass are used as synonym for the molecular mass.It does not depend on the amount of substance which is present in the sample.It has units of gram/mole.
Molecular masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.In case of aspartame it is calculated as,(12×14)+(1×18)+(14×2)+(16×5)=294.30 g/mol.
Thus , relative molecular mass or molecular mass of aspartame is 294.30 g/mol.
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250 ml of a salt solution with a concentration of 15 g/l is mixer with 220 mL of salt solution containing 6% salt (m/v). What is the final concentration of salt in the solution in g/l
The final mass concentration of salt in the solution in g/l is 36.06 g/L.
What is the concentration of the mixture of the two salt solutions?The mass concentration of the mixture of the two salt solutions is calculated as follows:
Concentration of solution 1 = 15 g/l
mass of salt in the 250 mL solution = 15 g/l * 250 mL * 1 L/1000 mL
mass of salt in the 250 mL solution = 3.75 g
Concentration of solution = 6% (m/v)
This means that in 100 mL solution, 6 g of salt in present.
In 1000 mL or 1 L solution, 60 g of salt will be present.
Hence, the concentration of solution = 60 g/L
mass of salt in the 220 mL solution = 60 g/l * 220 mL * 1 L/1000 mL
mass of salt in the 220 mL solution = 13.2 g
Total mass of salt in the mixture = 16.95 g
Total volume of solution = 470 mL
mass concentration = mass / volume in LFinal mass concentration of solution = 16.95 g / 470 mL * 1000 mL/L
Final mass concentration of solution = 36.06 g/L
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What charge does Magnesium acquire when it becomes an ion?
If others adopted similar habits, how might the world of science change?
Answer:
Explanation:
Smoking a cigarette, snorting cocaine, or drinking yourself into oblivion are all easy habits to adopt because they light up your brain with the neurotransmitter …
Does the color of a potion matter
answer: what
explanation: what
why does enzymatic reduction result in a chiral product in a comparative reduction reaction?
The chirality of the enzyme ensures that a chiral product is obtained.
Why is the product chiral?The term chirality could be simplified to mean "handedness". This idea comes from the fact that a compound could be handed. The handed of aa molecule has to do with the direction to which it rotates plane polarized. As such a compound could be left handed or right handed.
Now, we are told that the product of the enzyme is chiral. This is because the enzyme is also chiral and its shape can only lock into the particular chiral reactant and this is what does give rise to the chiral product.
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8. Interestingly, the 1s orbital in the chlorine atom encloses more volume of space than the 1s orbital in an argon atom. Explain.
Answer: Chorine's atomic radius in larger than that of Argon.
Explanation: Thinking in terms of atomic radius, as you move from left to right on the periodic table, atomic radius decreases. However, as you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, the atomic radius increases. This is because when you are moving from top to bottom on the periodic table, more orbitals are added. When you move from left to right, the number of orbitals remains the same but the number of protons in the nucleus is still increasing. They have a stronger hold on the electrons and pull them closer. This also makes it harder for outside photons to remove an electron from an atom (ionization energy) as you move from left to right on the periodic table.
Now let's think about chlorine and argon. They are right next to each other in the upper right-hand corner of the periodic table. However, chlorine does come first and if we think back to the atomic radius, it gets smaller as you move from left to right. Chlorine comes before Argon when looking left to right.
In conclusion, chorine's atomic radius is larger than that of argon.
Select all of the following that are combustion reactions.
Answer:
Explanation:
1,2,4,
The equations that show combustion are equations A, B and D.
What is combustion?When we talk about combustion, the idea is that the substance would be burnt in oxygen. In other words, the combustion can be taken to be an oxidation reaction. It is an oxidation reaction in the sense that the oxidation number of the substance that is reacting with the oxygen would become increased.
When we look at the equations that we have, it is quite easy to pick out among the balanced reaction equations that are shown here the ones that has to do with the burning of the substance in oxygen and a consequent rise in the oxidation number.
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Describe the gan Sabana ecosystem
Answer: The African savanna ecosystem is a tropical grassland with warm temperatures year-round and seasonal rainfall. The savanna is characterized by grasses and small or dispersed trees, along with a diverse community of organisms that interact to form a complex food web.
2. When a solute is present in water,___.
the water will NOT boil.
the water boils at a lower temperature.
the water will NOT freeze.
the water freezes at a lower temperature.
Answer:
the water freezes at a lower temperature.
This compound ( 2,3-dimethyl-2-heptene ) is symmetric or asymmetric
Answer:
symmetric
Explanation:
The compound 2,3-dimethyl-2-heptene is symmetric. A compound is symmetric if it has an identical molecular structure on both sides of its central axis. In the case of 2,3-dimethyl-2-heptene, the molecule has a central carbon atom with two methyl groups attached to it, one on the 2nd position and one on the 3rd position. Because the groups attached to the central carbon atom are identical, the molecule is symmetric.
In contrast, an asymmetric compound has a molecular structure that is different on each side of its central axis. For example, a compound with a central carbon atom attached to two different groups, such as a methyl group and a hydrogen atom, would be asymmetric.
If you dilute a 10.0 mL of a 11.5 M HCl solution to make a 1.10 M HCl solution, what will the final
volume be?
Explanation:
The final volume will be 100 mL. This is because when you dilute a solution, the molarity of the solution decreases while the volume increases. Since the molarity of the original solution is 11.5 M and the desired molarity is 1.10 M, the volume must increase by a factor of 10.5 (11.5/1.10). Therefore, the final volume will be 10.0 mL x 10.5 = 100 mL.
Omar wants to determine if the mass of a model rocket affects how long the rocket is able to stay up in the air. To do this, he constructs three identical rockets and then fills two of the rockets with varying amounts of sand to add mass. He then launches the rockets one at a time and times how long they are able to stay airborne.
What is the test variable (independent variable) in Omar's experiment?
A.
the materials out of which the rockets were made
B.
the time the rockets remain airborne
C.
the force with which each rocket is launched
D.
the masses of the model rockets
How many moles of CaCl₂ would there be in 42 mL of 2.09 M aqueous CaCl₂ solution?
3 significant figures
Answer:
0.0878 moles CaCl₂
Explanation:
To find the amount of moles of CaCl₂, you need to
(1) convert the volume from mL to L (1,000 mL = 1 L)
(2) calculate the amount of moles (M = moles / L)
It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.
(Step 1)
42 mL CaCl₂ 1 L
------------------------ x ---------------------- = 0.042 L CaCl₂
1,000 mL
(Step 2)
Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L) <----- Molarity ratio
2.09 M = moles / 0.042 L <----- Insert values
0.0878 = moles <----- Multiply both sides by 0.042 L
carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the fallowing chemical equation Cs2+3O2=CO2+2SO2
A. The limiting reactant would be oxygen.
B. The mole of excess reactant ([tex]CS_2[/tex]) would be 0.67 mol.
C. 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 0.67 mol [tex]SO_3[/tex] would be formed.
Stoichiometric problemCarbon disulfide burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the balanced equation below:
[tex]CS_2(l) + 3O_2(g) -- > CO_2(g) + 2SO_2(g)[/tex]
The mole ratio of the carbon disulfide and the oxygen gas is 1:3. In other words, every mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] requires 3 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] for complete combustion.
A. From the established mole ratio, if 1.00 mol of [tex]CS_2[/tex] reacts with 1.00 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex], the limiting reactant would be [tex]O_2[/tex] because 3 moles of it are required for every mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex].
B. The excess reactant is, thus, [tex]CS_2[/tex]. 1.00 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] would require:
3 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 mol [tex]CS_2[/tex]
1 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 x 1/3
= 0.33 mol of [tex]CS_2[/tex]
But 1 mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] reacted. The excess mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] would be: 1 - 0.33 = 0.67 mol.
C. From the equation of the reaction, 3 mole of oxygen produces 1 mole of [tex]CO_2[/tex]. Thus, 1 mole of oxygen would produce:
3 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex]
1 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 x 1/3
= 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex]
Also, 3 mol oxygen produces 2 moles [tex]SO_2[/tex]. Then 1 mol oxygen will produce:
2 x 1/3 = 0.67 mol
Thus, 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 0.67 mol [tex]SO_3[/tex] will be formed from 1 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex].
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Carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the following chemical equation. CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g)
a. If 1.00 mol CS2 reacts with 1.00 mol O2, identify the limiting reactant.
b. How many moles of excess reactant remain?
c. How many moles of each product are formed?
N2O, also known as laughing gas, is commonly used by dentists as a sedative and pain reliever during dental procedures. Answer the naming questions below about N2O.
What is the IUPAC name for N2O?
mononitrogen dioxide
dinitrogen monoxide
nitrogen oxide
nitrous oxide
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, the the IUPAC name for N[tex]_2[/tex]O is nitrous oxide.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond.
N[tex]_2[/tex]O, also known as laughing gas, is commonly used by dentists as a sedative and pain reliever during dental procedures. The IUPAC name for N[tex]_2[/tex]O is nitrous oxide.
Therefore, the the IUPAC name for N[tex]_2[/tex]O is nitrous oxide.
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Answer: 1. dinitrogen monoxide ( iupac name for N2O)
2.nitrous oxide (common name for N3O)
Explanation:
Several isotopes of curium can be synthesized by bombarding 239Pu with alpha particles. Write a balanced nuclear equation describing the reaction that produces 241Cm.
The radioactive element plutonium undergo radioactive bombardment producing stable isotope curium. The balanced nuclear reaction is written below:
[tex]_{94}^{239}\textrm{Pu} + _{2}^{4}\textrm{He}\rightarrow _{96}^{241}\textrm{Cm} + 2_{0}^{1}\textrm{n}[/tex]
What are nuclear reactions?Atomic nucleus undergoes reaction with charged particles producing either its isotope or a new atom. Heavy unstable atoms such as actinides undergo radioactive decay by emitting or bombarding charged species such as alpha particles to form stable species.
Plutonium is 94th element in periodic table. It is used as nuclear fuel because it releases energy during nuclear reactions. Bombardment of an alpha particle produces a curium (Z = 96, A =241) with two neutrons as side products.
Therefore the balanced nuclear reaction of Pu-239 to produce Cm-241 is written as below:
[tex]_{94}^{239}\textrm{Pu} + _{2}^{4}\textrm{He}\rightarrow _{96}^{241}\textrm{Cm} + 2_{0}^{1}\textrm{n}[/tex]
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he body from the simplest level to the most complex level?
A.
tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organ --> organism
B.
organism --> organ system --> organ --> tissue --> cell
C.
cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
D.
organ --> tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organism
Answer:
C. cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
Explanation:
Cells are the building blocks of life (Ex: skin cells)
A group of cells for a tissue (Ex: epithelial tissue)
Tissues working together form an organ (Ex: the stomach)
Organs working together create organ systems (Ex: the digestive system)
Organ systems create organisms (Ex: a human)
What is the molar mass of an unknown gas with a density of 14.1 g/L at 4.00 atm and 35.0 °C?
89.08 g/mol is the molar mass of an unknown gas with a density of 14.1 g/L at 4.00 atm and 35.0 °C.
We know that
PV=nRT.
where,
P = Pressure of the gas
V = Volume of the gas
n = Mole
Mole = Given mass/Molar mass
= m /Mw
R = Real gas constant = .08205 L atm/mole k
T = temperature
Now,
PV = mRT/Mw
Mw= mRT/PV. ( m/V=density)
Mw = dRT/P
Mw = 14.1 g/L × 0.08205 × 308/4
Mw = 89.08 g/mol
Hence we can say that Molar mass is 89.08 g/mol.
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Nitrogen (N2) gas and hydrogen (H2) gas react to form ammonia (NH3) gas. Suppose you have 11 mol of N2 and 9 mol of H2 in a reactor.
Calculate the largest amount of NH3 that could be produced. Round your answer to the nearest 0.1 mol.
In the given reaction, the limiting reactant is hydrogen gas. 3 moles of hydrogen gas produces 2 moles of ammonia, thus 9 moles will produce 6 moles of ammonia that is equal to 102 g.
What is ammonia?Ammonia is an inorganic gas formed by the combination of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is written below:
[tex]\rm N _{2} + 3 H_{2} \rightarrow 2 NH_{3}[/tex]
As per the given reaction, hydrogen gas is needed more in this reaction, and it is the limiting reactant which determines the product yield. Here, 3 moles of hydrogen gas produces 2 moles of ammonia. Thus, 9 moles of hydrogen gas produces:
(9 × 2) / 3 = 6 moles.
Molar mass of ammonia = 17 g/mol
Thus mass of 6 moles = 17 g/mol × 6 moles = 102 g.
Therefore, the largest amount of ammonia that can be produced from 9 moles of hydrogen gas is 102 g.
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Where do stars form?
Stars form in large, dense regions of gas and dust known as molecular clouds. These clouds are located primarily in the spiral arms of galaxies, where they are exposed to intense radiation from nearby stars. As the gas and dust in these clouds are subjected to this radiation, they begin to collapse under their own gravity. As the collapse continues, the cloud becomes denser and denser, and eventually a protostar forms at its center. Over time, this protostar continues to contract and heat up, eventually reaching the point where nuclear fusion can begin in its core. At this point, the protostar becomes a fully-fledged star, and the process of star formation is complete.
TL;DR: Within the clouds of dust and scattered throughout most galaxies.
A lab tech has 8.0 L of a 12.0 M HCl solution available. What volume of this solution does she need to prepare 3.0 L of a 1.5 M HCl solution for CHM 101 lab?
Answer: 0.375L
Explanation: Using M1V1=M2V2, we can solve for V1.
12M*V1=1.5M*3.0L
V1 = [tex]\frac{1.5M*3.0L}{12M}[/tex]
V1 = 0.375L.
0.375 L volume of the solution she needed to prepare 3.0 L of a 1.5 M HCl solution.
What is a solution?A homogenous mixture of one or more solutes that have been dissolved in a solvent is known as a solution. The material that a solute dissolves in to create a homogenous mixture is known as a solvent.
The component that dissolves in a solvent to create a homogenous mixture is known as a solute.
M₁ is the initial concentration of HCl solution = 12.0 M
V₁ is the volume of initial HCl solution that is needed
M₂ is the final concentration of HCl solution = 1.5 M
V₂ is the final volume of HCl solution to be prepared = 3.0 L
To find V₁, we get
V₁ = (M₂ V₂) / M₁
calculating the values, we will get:
V₁ = 1.5 M x 3.0 L / 12.0 M
= 0.375 L
Therefore, tech required to take 0.375 L of the 12.0 M HCl solution and dilute it to 3.0 L to make a 1.5 M HCl solution.
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A container of CH at 2.00 atm of pressure has a small pinhole, through which the CH effuses at a rate of 2.55 mL/min. What will be the rate of effusion of CO at 2.00 atm in the same container?
The rate of effusion of CO at 2.00 atm in the same container would be 1.74 mL/min.
Rate of effusion of gasesAccording to Graham's law of effusion of gases, at constant pressure, the rate of effusion of gases is inversely proportional to the square root of their molar masses.
Graham's law of effusion of gases can be mathematically represented as:
[tex]r_1/r_2[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt\frac{Mm_2}{Mm_1}[/tex]
Where [tex]r_1[/tex] and [tex]r_2[/tex] are effusion rates of gas 1 and gas 2, and [tex]Mm_1[/tex] and [tex]Mm_2[/tex] are their molar masses respectively.
In this case:
Gas 1 = CH
Molar mass of CH = 12 + 1 = 13 g/mol
[tex]r_1[/tex] = 2.55
Gas 2 = CO
Molar mass = 12 + 16 = 28 g/mol
[tex]r_2[/tex] = ?
Making [tex]r_2[/tex] the subject of the formula and substituting the values into the equation:
2.55/[tex]r_2[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt\frac{28}{13}[/tex]
2.55/[tex]r_2[/tex] = 1.4676
[tex]r_2[/tex] = 2.55/1.4676
= 1.74 mL/min
In other words, the rate of effusion of CO at 2.00 atm in the same container would be 1.74 mL/min.
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The synthesis of the ATP takes place in the organelle known as the mitochondrion. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is mitochondrion?Mitochondrion can be described as the membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, that synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy source used by the cell.
It is also known as the “Powerhouse of the cell,” Mitochondrion is found inside the cytoplasm and essentially functions as the cell’s digestive system.
Mitochondrion plays a major role in breaking down nutrients and producing energy-rich molecules for the cell. Many of the biochemical reactions in cellular respiration occur within the mitochondria.
The mitochondrion's structure can be described as a double-membraned, rod-shaped structure found in both animal cells and plants.
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Which of the following is best for determining the type of bond that will form between atoms when forming a compound?
Answer: Best way is Electronegativity.
Explanation:
Comparing the electronegativities of the two elements is one method of predicting the type of bond that will form between them. Ionic bonds typically result from significant differences in electronegativity, whereas covalent bonds typically result from smaller differences.
The kind of covalent bond that forms between two atoms depends on how many pairs of electrons are shared by them. There are some factors that determine the type of bonds.
Simply how they share electrons makes a difference between different binding kinds. Ionic bonds don't share at all, polar bonds share unevenly, and covalent bonds share equally. Following are the variables that affect the kind of bond that will form between two atoms:
Ionizing radiationAtomic affinityAtomic structure, etc.To learn more about Bonds,
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Distillation is a technique in which substances are separated based on their what
Answer:
It is based on the boiling point or volatility of its components.
Explanation:
because Distillation separates liquid from solid.