Yes, Chromosome breakage and abnormal re-attachment is one mechanism that causes a reciprocal translocation. Another mechanism involves a crossover between nonhomologous chromosomes.
Crossover between nonhomologous chromosomes, chromosomal breakage, and DNA repair all results in reciprocal translocations. Chromosomes that do not come from the same pair are referred to as non-homologous chromosomes. In non-homologous chromosomes, the form of the chromosome—that is, the length of the arms and the location of the controller—is generally different. Therefore, meiosis does not result in the pairing of non-homologous chromosomes.
Homologous genes are described as two or more genes that have a common ancestor. In a genetic context, however, they have a more precise meaning: ancestry is knowledge about your ancestors' genetic tie to you. Your ancestors are the people from whom you are biologically related.
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a sanguivorous animal . 2. what is the latin cognate of sympathy? 3. a corpuscle is a
A sanguivorous animal feed on blood.
Latin cognate of sympathy compassion.
A corpuscle is a small body.
Sanguivores are animals that consume other animals' blood. Sanguivores include leeches, female mosquitoes, and vampire bats. Sanguivorous creatures, also called obligate sanguivores, feeds on other food products than blood. These animals have mouth parts and specified chemical agents that penetrate the vascular structures in the hosts skin, generally include mammals, birds, and fish. This type of feeding is known as phlebotomy .
Latin cognate describes words that are descended from a common ancestor. Latin cognate of sympathy compassion. A corpuscule, means a small body, is often used as a synonym for particle.
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g glycolysis is the name given to a metabolic pathway occurring in many different cell types. it consists of 11 enzymatic steps that convert glucose to lactic acid. glycolysis is an example of:
In glycolysis when glucose is converted to lactic acid. This is an example of fermentation.
Fermentation begins with glycolysis, but it does not involve the latter two stages of aerobic cellular respiration which is the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. In lack of oxygen, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. In the process the NADH+ H+ from glycolysis will be recycled back to NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. In the process of glycolysis, NAD+ is reduced to form NADH+ H+ . The final product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid in aerobic condition. And forms lactic acid in anaerobic condition which is also termed as fermentation.
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Complete question- Glycolysis is the name given to a metabolic pathway occurring in many different cell types. It consists of 11 enzymatic steps that convert glucose to lactic acid. Glycolysis is an example of: A) aerobic metabolism. B) anabolic metabolism. C) a net reductive process. D) fermentation. E) oxidative phosphorylation.
_______ also known as thyromegaly, is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that produces a swelling in the front of the neck.
Thyromegaly is a disorder in which the thyroid gland — the butterfly-shaped gland in the neck — becomes abnormally enlarged.
What causes the thyroid gland to enlarge?Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter. The body needs iodine to produce thyroid hormone. If you do not have enough iodine in your diet, the thyroid gets larger to try and capture all the iodine it can, so it can make the right amount of thyroid hormone.The neck is examined for scars, masses, glandular or nodal enlargement, and so on. Examine the trachea for any deviations. Next, as the patient swallows, examine the thyroid gland for any enlargement. The trachea should be midline, and there should be no visible swelling of the lymph nodes or thyroid gland. Take note of the patient's speech. They should be able to speak clearly and without slurring or garbling.Examine the skull and face. Examine the skin and scalp. Skull palpate (especially if patient complains of tenderness or recent trauma). Examine your facial sensation and motor function. Neck abnormalities can have a local etiology (e.g., infection, neoplasm, trauma) or be a symptom of a more general disorder (eg, curvature, spondylosis, leukemia, systemic).The correct order is:
Inspect the front of the neck for masses, enlarged nodes, or deviation.Inspect the position of the trachea.Inspect the thyroid gland.Test the head and neck for range of motion.Palpate the head, neck, and sub-clavicular lymph nodes.Palpate the thyroid.To learn more about thyromegaly refer to:
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What is the main purpose of the cell cycle?
A. To increase the number of chromosomes in each cell for each generation
B. Growth and repair of cells
C. Increase the volume of the cell
D. Support the cell theory
The main purpose of cell cycle is to increase the number of chromosomes in each cell for each generation.
What is cell cycle?
A cell's growth and division are accompanied by a sequence of processes known as a cell cycle.
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some members of the ecdysozoa (select all that apply): a. secrete a cuticle made of protein. b. secrete a cuticle made of calcium carbonate. c. molt during growth. d. have trochophore larvae. e. have lophophores.
Some members of the ecdysozoa Secrete a cuticle made of protein and Molt during growth. The correct answer is options (b) and (c).
Ecdysozoa is a group of protostome mammals, containing Arthropoda, Nematoda, and various tinier phyla. They were first outlined by Aguinaldo and others. in 1997, located primarily on ethnic timbers built utilizing 18S ribosomal RNA genes.
The most notable characteristic joint by ecdysozoans is a three-coat with metallic material cuticle (four in Tardigrada) calm of natural material, that is rhythmically molted as the animal evolves. A cuticle, or cuticula, is one type of tough but responsive, non-not organic external covering of an animal, or parts of a structure, that determine care. Various types of "cuticles" are non-similar, disagreeing in their inception, building, function, and synthetic arrangement.
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luid is filtered from blood as it enters a capillary due to the _____, but fluid is reabsorbed as the blood exits a capillary due to the _____.
answer choices
hydrostatic pressure from smooth muscle; cooler temperatures in venous blood
osmotic pressure from high levels of sodium in plasma but not extracellular fluid; osmotic pressure from reversed levels of sodium in extracellular fluid but not plasma
blood pressure from the heart; osmotic pressure from proteins in the plasma
osmotic pressure from salts; hydrostatic pressure from the veins
Fluid is filtered from blood as it enters a capillary due to the (C) hydrostatic pressure from the heart, but fluid is reabsorbed as the blood exits a capillary due to the osmotic pressure from proteins in the plasma.
What are capillaries?
Capillaries are small blood arteries found throughout your body. They deliver blood, nutrients, and oxygen to cells throughout your organs and bodily systems. Capillaries are your vascular system's smallest blood vessels.
What are capillaries made up of?
Capillaries are composed of only the tunica intima, consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules.
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adenoviruses are a family of highly contagious viruses that most commonly cause illnesses of the respiratory system, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. in the first phase of an adenovirus infection, the host cell expresses several viral proteins. one of these proteins, e1b-55k, inhibits the activity of the host protein p53, a tumor suppressor that arrests the cell cycle or induces apoptosis when dna damage is detected. which of the following claims is best supported by the information above?
The majority of adenovirus infections result in the common cold and other minor respiratory illnesses.
A number of ailments, including bronchitis (an inflammation of the windpipe and major airways), pneumonia (an inflammation of the lungs), skin rashes, conjunctivitis (pink eye), bladder infections, and bowel infections, can be brought on by certain infections.
Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5early )'s region 1B (E1B) encodes at least five distinct polypeptides that are created by alternative splicing of a single mRNA precursor.
E1B-19K and E1B-55K, two of these gene products, both have the ability to work with the Ad5 E1A proteins to totally convert rodent cells in culture. Strong evidence points to the two E1B proteins' ability to combat growth arrest and apoptosis, which both inhibit cell transformation.
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tients with pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency show high levels of lactic acid in the blood. however, in some cases, treatment with dichloroacetate (dca) lowers lactic acid levels. dca targets the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (pdk). identify how dca acts to stimulate p
DCA inhibits private dehydrogenase kinase.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency is characterized by lactic acid buildup in the body and a variety of neurological problems. This condition's signs and symptoms typically appear shortly after birth and can vary greatly between affected individuals.
PDCD is most commonly caused by mutations in the gene encoding the E1 alpha subunit, also known as the E1-alpha subunit pyruvate dehydrogenase gene or PDHA1. There are numerous PDCD-causing abnormalities in the PDHA1 gene, also known as PDHA1 variants. PDC deficiency is diagnosed using laboratory tests such as blood tests, urine analysis, and brain MRI. The pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme can be used to confirm the diagnosis.
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Approximately one out of every 2,500 caucasians in the united states is born with the recessive disease cystic fibrosis. According to the hardy-weinberg equilibrium equation, approximately how many people are carriers?.
P2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is the Hardy-Weinberg equation used to calculate genotype frequencies .The homozygous dominant genotype (AA) frequency is represented by "p2," the heterozygous genotype (Aa), by "2pq," and the homozygous recessive genotype, by "q2."
What is an example of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?The population is in a condition of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium because the frequency of the recessive allele () has stayed constant. Instance 2a Finches have a perfect dominance connection between their beak colors, with black beaks dominating yellow beaks.
What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium's four requirements?The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium cannot survive in the absence of mutation, gene flow, a sizable population, random mating, and natural selection.
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describe the mechanism by which atp synthase makes atp. when the beta subunit is in the loose conformation, it may contain atp.
The given statement is False.
What is the mechanism of ATP synthase?
The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane, where it catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate, driven by a flux of protons across a gradient generated by electron transfer from the proton chemically positive to the negative side.
What does the beta subunit do in ATP synthase?
The alpha- and beta-subunits of membrane-bound ATP synthase complex bind ATP and ADP: beta contributes to catalytic sites, and alpha may be involved in the regulation of ATP synthase activity. The sequences of beta-subunits are highly conserved in Escherichia coli and bovine mitochondria.
What are the 3 major mechanisms by which ATP is generated?
In general, the main energy source for cellular metabolism is glucose, which is catabolized in the three subsequent processes—glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA or Krebs cycle), and finally oxidative phosphorylation—to produce ATP.
Therefore, the given statement is False.
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Information received by sensory cells is conveyed to the central nervous system in the form of impulses along afferent fibers. In order for this to happen when the receptor cell is not a neuron, its receptor potential ______.
Information received by sensory cells is conveyed to central nervous system in the form of impulses and for this to happen when the receptor cell is not a neuron, its receptor potential must be transferred to a neuron.
What is neuron?Neurons are information messengers and they use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information between different areas of brain, and between the brain and rest of the nervous system.
The most common brain cells are neurons and non-neuron cells are called glia. The average adult human brain contains of 100 billion neurons and glia. Although neurons are most known brain cells but both neurons and glial cells are necessary for proper brain function.
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explain why a genetically engineered plasmid would be engineered with ampicillin resistance and the lacz gene?
When cells are cultured on selective media, it makes plasmid-containing bacteria easy to identify and puts pressure on those bacteria to retain their plasmid.
In contrast to a cell's chromosomal DNA, plasmids are tiny, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells and certain eukaryotes as well. Plasmid genes frequently give bacteria genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance. Plasmids are used to transfer information from one cell to another, including key genes that allow bacteria to metabolise nutrients that they would ordinarily be unable to. For example, they may confer resistance to specific antibiotics on their bacterial cells. Bacterial conjugation is aided by it as well.
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How do the digestive and excretory systems work together to help the body get what it needs and get rid of what it doesn't need?
Waste is eliminated from the body by the excretory system. purge the blood of waste. Your digestive system transforms the food you eat into nutrients, which give your body energy and the building blocks it needs to function. The food you eat is processed by your excretory and digestive systems working together.
How do the gastrointestinal and excretory systems collaborate to eliminate waste?While the excretory system filters the blood stream for nutrients and gathers used compounds in your urine for removal, the digestive system absorbs nutrients, collects them, and then eliminates the undigested solids (feces).
Your body's toxins and waste are eliminated through the urinary system's filtering function by way of urine. To move this waste, it makes use of a network of tubes and ducts. Your blood vessels and digestive system are linked by these tubes. Your urinary system contributes to the health of the rest of your body.
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Investigators examined the expression of transporter mRNA and protein produced in zebrafish homozygous for each of the alleles and found the results summarized below Does the allele associated with light color appear to be altering transcription or translation? Why?
The light colored allele appears to alter transcription and therefore the corresponding mRNA is absent in the homozygous zebrafish.
The protein we can tell was absent because the mRNA required for protein synthesis was not present. If the allele had altered translation, the mRNA that is functional would be present but in the same case, the protein would still be absent. Amino acid/carnitine transporters B(0,+) (ATB(0,+)) and broad neutral (0) amino acid transporter 1(B(0)AT1) The mRNA levels measured in our study suggest that the protein may be used by the duration of 24 -96 hours of fasting in zebrafish.
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In snapdragons, the allele for red flower color (CR) is incompletely dominant to the allele for white flower color (CW). Snapdragons that are heterozygous for flower color have a pink phenotype.
Which of the following crosses could yield all three flower color phenotypes (red, white, and pink) among the offspring?
A. CROR × CWCW
C. CROW × CROW
B. CRCR × CROW
D. CROW × CW CW
RW X RW. Since they are both heterozygous, all phenotypes will be displayed when we build a prunnet square with the choices RR RW RW and ww.
What about snapdragons?Because of their imagined similarity to a dragon's face that opens and closes its mouth when laterally pinched, plants in the Antirrhinum genus are also known as dog flowers, snapdragons, and dragon flowers.They are indigenous to rocky regions in North Africa, the United States, Canada, and Europe.Although some species are annuals, most samaras are short-lived perennials. Typically lance-shaped, the simple leaves. The main pollinators, which are strong bees, can force the mouth of the tubular, bilaterally symmetrical, typically large flowers to open, excluding the majority of insects.While snapdragons can bloom continuously throughout the year, they do best in the chilly months of spring and fall.They occasionally bloom all through the winter in milder climates, where they occasionally bloom all summer long in cooler ones. Usually grown as annuals, these short-lived perennials.Learn more about snapdragon here:
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Mendel was able to see experimentally that the traits he studied were not blended in the offspring because he studied continuous variation. True False
The statement is False because Mendel was able to see experimentally that the traits he studied were not blended in the offspring as he studied discontinuous variation.
Discontinuous variation is the variation seen among individuals when each individual shows one of two or very few easily distinguishable traits, such as violet or white flowers. Mendel's choice of these kinds of traits allowed him to see experimentally that the traits were not blended in the offspring as expected at the time, but that they were inherited as distinct traits.
Pure-bred plants did not give rise to offspring with mixed traits, as Mendel discovered. Generally speaking, children seem to inherit traits from both of their parents. According to Mendel, the elements that influence a trait are found in pairs. According to Mendel's experiments, a child's traits are a combination of those of the parents.
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the gastroenterologist has just determined that you have a blockage in your jejunum and he will have to perform surgery, making a small incision in the wall to remove the obstruction. which tunic will be cut first? submucosa mucosa adventitia serosa tunica muscularis
The gastroenterologist has just determined that you have a blockage in your jejunum and he will have to perform surgery, making a small incision in the wall to remove the obstruction. Serosa tunic will be cut first.
The outer lining of the abdominal and thoracic organs and cavities, including the stomach. Also called serous membrane.
The serosa (or serosa) is a smooth tissue membrane of mesothelium that lines the contents and inner walls of body cavities that secretes serous fluid, allowing lubricated gliding motion between opposing surfaces.
Serosa, or serous membrane, is a thin membrane that lines body cavities and organs such as the heart, lungs, and abdominal cavity. The thin membrane is composed of mesothelium tissue derived from the mesoderm.
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maraviroc is being considered as part of a salvage antiretroviral regimen and an hiv tropism coreceptor assay is ordered. what result is required for maraviroc to be considered appropriate for use?
R5-tropic HIV is required for maraviroc to be considered appropriate for use.
Maraviroc is used in conjunction with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus infections (HIV). The virus that causes AIDS is known to induce a lack of immune system function (AIDS). Patients who have previously undergone HIV treatment typically receive this medication.
The kind of HIV that attaches to the CD4 cell's CCR5 coreceptor before entering and infecting the host cell. HIV must first bind to a CD4 receptor, then to either the CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor, and ultimately fuse its membrane with the membrane of the CD4 cell in order to enter a CD4 cell. During the initial stages of infection.
Hence, maraviroc uses of R5-tropic HIV for mechanism of action.
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explain why the results from the experiment suggest that there is an obstructive, rather than a restrictive, pulmonary problem
The results from the experiment suggest that there is an obstructive, rather than a restrictive, pulmonary problem because its affecting airflow, the percentage is decreasing equally.
Infection, smoking tobacco, or breathing in secondhand tobacco smoke, radon, asbestos, or other forms of air pollution can all cause pulmonary disease. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, and lung cancer are all examples of pulmonary diseases. Other risk factors, in addition to tobacco smoke, include air pollution, occupational chemicals and dusts, and frequent lower respiratory infections during childhood.
One of the most common postoperative pulmonary complications, particularly after abdominal and thoracoabdominal procedures, is atelectasis. They impair the lungs' ability to absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. These diseases may also have an impact on heart function. Pulmonary hypertension is an example of a lung circulation disease.
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Transient psychotic symptoms that occur with borderline personality disorder are most likely treated with which of the following?
a. Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers
b. Antipsychotics
c. Benzodiazepines
d. Lithium
Transient psychotic symptoms that occur with borderline personality disorder are most likely treated with antipsychotics.
What are Transient psychotic?
A "prodromal" period generally precedes the psychotic episodes that are at the core of severe diseases like schizophrenia. Psychotic symptoms like hallucinations and delusions are likely to be present in the prodrome of schizophrenia, although they will likely be mild at first and get worse over time until they are clinically significant.As an alternative, some persons have a combination of prodromal symptoms and psychotic episodes. These people will have various (polymorphic) psychotic symptoms that are clinically significant. Second, the symptoms will appear suddenly, within 2 weeks or less, and will go away within 1 to 3 months. Finally, the existence of extremely stressful events, such as psychological trauma or the death of a loved one, will be linked to their symptoms.One or more of the following psychotic symptoms may appear with an acute but temporary condition called psychotic disorder:
DelusionsHallucinationsUncoordinated speechcatatonic or utterly disordered conductHence, Transient psychotic symptoms that occur with borderline personality disorder are most likely treated with antipsychotics.
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Brett learned that his car is better protected from the weather when it has been recently washed and waxed. Which best describes the major group of macromolecules that is protecting his car and how it is performing this task?.
Lipids are protecting his car because their nonpolar nature makes them insoluble in water.
What is meant by lipids and its functions ?Any of the countless chemical compounds that are soluble in oil but not in water is a lipid. They include lipids, waxes, oils, hormones, and some membrane components and act as chemical messengers and energy storage molecules.
Lipids are substances that contain hydrocarbons and are used for a range of functions, including as energy storage, as structural components, and even in cell signalling. In the homeostatic system of the human body, lipids and fats have a significant impact.
A wax is a simple lipid that is an ester of an alcohol and long-chain fatty acid. Between 12 and 32 carbon atoms are possible in alcohol. Stems and leaves naturally have a waxy coating. Because of this, the plant doesn't lose a lot of water.
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upon admission to the hospital, a physician diagnosed william with tetanus caused by the bacterium clostridium tetani, and was prescribed an antibacterial and a muscle-relaxant to suppress the muscle spasms. c. tetani produces toxins within the body that invade the central nervous system resulting in the motor neurons continually firing, and therefore, the muscle remains contracted. the muscles that are commonly affected are within the head, neck, back, and upper extremity.
The connection between a motor neuron and a muscle cell is called the neuromuscular junction. Here, impulses are transmitted between the nervous system and the muscles, propagating the action potential that will lead to muscle contraction.
The mechanism by which an electrical signal in a muscle cell leads that muscle cell to mechanically shorten is known as excitation-contraction coupling or ECC. The excitation phase and contraction phase are two interconnected phases that makeup ECC, as the name would imply.
An action potential is produced within the muscle cell during excitation. An electrical event, such as an action potential, involves a change in charge. Motor neurons transmit the electrical signal from the nerve that causes muscle cell contraction to the muscles. The neuromuscular junction is the point where a motor neuron meets a muscle cell. Here, the action potential that will cause a muscular contraction is propagated by impulses between the nervous system and the muscles.
A physical alteration to the form of the muscle cell is referred to as contraction (also called muscle fiber). A muscle fiber shortens when it contracts. Many intricately arranged muscle fibers make up muscles, and when they all contract together, the shape of the entire muscle changes to become shorter and flexed.
The complete question is:
Upon admission to the hospital, a physician diagnosed William with tetanus caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani and was prescribed an antibacterial and a muscle-relaxant to suppress the muscle spasms. c. tetani produce toxins within the body that invade the central nervous system resulting in the motor neurons continually firing, and therefore, the muscle remains contracted. the muscles that are commonly affected are within the head, neck, back, and upper extremities.
(Q). Thinking about the process contraction, specifically excitation-contraction coupling and relaxation, how does stimulation of a motor neuron lead to contraction of a muscle cell?
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drag the following bodily responses likely to occur from exposure to unusually high or unusually low temperatures.
The given bodily responses have been matched with their respective temperature requirement below.
Membranes become less fluid and more rigid, enzyme reaction gets decreased, antifreeze proteins are produced more and more and there is Accumulation of excess glucose in blood and cells of some insects and ectotherms in case of unusually low temperatures. High temperature is the cause of the Denaturation of proteins and the Increase in the rate of enzyme reaction.
It is, hence, matched as given below.
Low Temperature - Membranes become less fluid and more rigid
Low Temperature - Enzyme reaction gets decreased
Low Temperature - Antifreeze proteins are produced more and more
Low Temperature - Accumulation of excess glucose in blood and cells of some insects and ectotherms
High Temperature - Denaturation of proteins
High Temperature - Increase in the rate of enzyme reaction.
This must be the full question you are searching for - Attached.
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Many forms of genetic alterations by radiation are
A. preventable.
B. helpful.
C. used often to help life exist.
D. desirable
Many forms of genetic alterations by radiation are used often to help life exist. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is Genetic alteration?A genetic alteration may be defined as a process through which any change in the DNA sequence can alter the genetic code and therefore may alter the synthesis of the protein that it encodes.
Genetic alterations by radiation are beneficial for the survival of living organisms. This is because any type of lower-level radiation doesn't cause specifically "good" or "bad" mutations, it just causes changes that are necessarily required for the existence of living entities.
Therefore, many forms of genetic alterations by radiation are used often to help life exist. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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what determines the difference in speed of contraction of the different types of skeletal muscle cells?
Muscle fibers can be divided into two general categories: Category I, which is sluggish, and Type II, which is quick.There are three primary fiber types in type II, which is further divided into type IIA (oxidative) and type IIX (glycolytic).These fibers exhibit comparatively unique features in terms of metabolism, contractility, and motor units.
Which cell types make up skeletal muscle?These cells to make up muscular tissue are referred to as myocytes, or muscle cells.The human body contains three different types of muscle cells: cardiac, skeletal, or smooth.
How many different types of cells exist?Your body has roughly 200 different kinds of cells.These cells help to build your tissues and organs as well as your immune system, which works to protect your body.Your body regularly replaces its dead cells with new ones.
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what chemical reaction absorbs energy
The enzyme lactase helps the digestive system break down lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, into the monosaccharides glucose and galactose. Lactose-intolerant individuals have low levels of lactase production and therefore have difficulty digesting dairy products. A common test for lactose intolerance is to measure blood sugar (glucose) levels after consuming a drink containing lactose. Which of the following test results would you expect to see for a lactose-intolerant person? Multiple Choice Blood sugar levels are unaffected by drinking a lactose solution Blood sugar levels is rapidly immediately after anning actose solution Blood or even roetely one in conto
The expected test result for a lactose-intolerant person is Blood sugar levels are unaffected by drinking a lactose solution.
Lactose is divided into glucose and galactose during digestion by the enzyme lactase, which is produced by the cells of the small intestine. Lactase enzyme is not formed in lactose intolerant people. As a result, when a lactose-intolerant person consumes lactose solution, lactose is not completely digested and is not broken down into the two monosaccharides glucose and galactose. The villi of the small intestine do not absorb glucose, so drinking a lactose solution by a lactose-intolerant person has no effect on blood sugar levels.
Because lactose is not entirely digested in lactose-intolerant people, blood sugar levels do not rise rapidly after drinking lactose solution. Lactose consumption by lactose-intolerant people has no effect on blood sugar levels because there is no complete digestion. As a result, drinking a lactose solution does not cause a rapid drop in blood sugar levels.
As a result, the correct answer is that drinking lactose solution has no effect on blood sugar levels.
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the electrophoresis that i have already performed separates proteins by size in relative terms, the proteins towards the bottom of the gel are
Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size.
In gel electrophoresis, the molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores. The speed at which the molecules move through the pores in the gel is inversely proportional to their lengths. This indicates that a smaller DNA molecule will move through the gel further than a larger DNA molecule.
In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, proteins move through pores in a polyacrylamide gel matrix in response to an electrical field; pore size shrinks with increasing acrylamide concentration. The protein migrates at a rate that depends on the pore size, protein charge, size, and shape.
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tubular reabsorption a. usually helps control blood ph by removing h from the filtrate b. eliminates wastes from the body c. returns 99% of the water filtered from the glomerulus to the blood d. occurs mostly in the distal convoluted tubule
The correct answer is option is C
C returns 99% of the water filtered from the glomerulus to the blood
What is Tubular reabsorption ?
Drugs are passively reabsorbed into the systemic circulation through the lumen of the distal tubules in a process known as tubular reabsorption. Only non-ionized molecules are available for reabsorption, much like with enteral absorption. As a result, medications that change the pH of the urine may result in enhanced tubular reabsorption of other medications. A typical example is the mildly acidic medication phenobarbital. In cases of overdose, sodium bicarbonate is used to alkalinize the urine in the hopes that phenobarbital will become more ionised there, reducing tubular reabsorption and promoting faster excretion. The efficacy of this therapy is unclear, though.
The second crucial step in the production of urine is tubular reabsorption. Reabsorption may be passive for other ions, such as water, or it may be active, as in the cases of glucose, amino acids, and peptides. In the distal tubule and the collecting duct, water and ions are also reabsorbed.
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Is the study of biological diversity and the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Systematics is the study of biological diversity and the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
The study of biological diversity and the relationships between organisms is commonly defined as sytematics. Taxonomy, the component of systematics that focuses on the theory and practice of classification, is not easily distinguished, and biologists frequently use the terms interchangeably. Systematics is important in biology because it allows us to characterize the organisms we study.
Reptiles, for example, are animals that lay eggs and have scales, whereas mammals are animals that have live births and have fur or hair. All humans, more specifically, share the same characteristics and thus belong to a group, or taxon, of the genus Homo and species sapien.
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