Case 2: In Ghana, cowpea is a legume plant that is a significant source of nutrition for people in this country. Attempts are being made to improve the yield and hardiness of this plant through a national crop improvement program. What has complicated this effort is the existence of several different collections of cowpea seeds. (Oppong-Konadu E, Akromah I, and Adu-Dapaah O. 2005. African Crop Science Journal 13:117-123) 1. How would you use protein analysis via SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to sort through these collections so that duplicates could be eliminated and the remaining specimens could be sorted into subgroups that could then be further studied for properties of value in crop improvement

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

It is expected that accessions/lines that exhibit the same bands in SDS-PAGE are phylogenetically similar (or even identical, duplicated, accessions) and therefore they can be removed when developing a core collection of germplasm. Subsequently, the accessions of the core collection can be clustered into subgroups (subpopulations) based on the distances observed between lines, reflected by different protein band patterns observed in SDS-PAGE. It is expected that these subpopulations adequately contain the genetic diversity of the core collection (useful in breeding programs).

Explanation:

SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), is a technique widely used in molecular biology to separate proteins based on their molecular weights. In crop improvement programs, this information can result useful to identify accession lines and develop core collections. A core collection is a limited set of lines or accessions/varieties obtained from a large germplasm collection that is expected to contain the genetic diversity of crop species. In this case, cowpea lines that exhibit the same bands in SDS - PAGE are expected to be phylogenetically similar (or even identical/duplicated accessions), thereby these lines can be removed in order to conserve one accession in the core collection. Subsequently, the remaining lines can be classified by a phenogram based on distance measures clustered by UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean). This cluster analysis enables the construction of a phylogenetic tree from a distance matrix based on protein patterns in SDS-PAGE, thereby obtaining subpopulations (clusters) which will be useful in breeding programs.


Related Questions

Two plants are named Vinca minor and
Vinca rosea. Are they close relatives?
Explain.

Answers

Two plants are named Vinca minor and Vinca rosea. Are they close relatives? Explain. Yes they are close relatives because the share the same genus name and only their species name is different

The digestive system of most birds includes a structure called the gizzard. The
gizzard crushes and grinds food, often with the help of small stones that the bird
has swallowed.
Which of the following structures in the human digestive system has a function most
similar to that of a bird's gizzard?
F esophagus
G large intestine
H small intestine
J teeth

Answers

Answer:

the small intestine

Explanation:

the small intestine breaks down food and export it to the large into the large intestine.

the large intestine converts the food into turd aka poop.

HELP PLEASE!! | No links!!!
If a Florida plant such as an orange or banana tree were grown in a northern state, what special care would it need to survive?
----------------------
A. extra water
B. direct sunlight
C. fertilizer in the soil
D. warm temperatures

Answers

I would say D. because Florida has much warmer temperatures than a northern state although I’m not sure as other variables can also come into affect

If plant such as an orange or banana tree were grown in a northern state climate, they would require warmer temperatures to survive:

what kind of climate does banana and orange grow in?Bananas, which are essentially tropical crops, thrive in temperatures ranging from 15 to 35 degrees Celsius and relative humidity levels of 75 to 85%. It may thrive in humid tropical lowlands such as Florida.Oranges thrive in all frost-free tropical and sub-tropical climates.the northern states of America have a comparitively cool and dry climate which may not be suitable for bananas and oranges.

hence, to grow these in northern states, these crops require warmer tempratures and humidity.

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Question 3 of 10
A cell membrane is very specific about what it allows across. How does this
help the cell?
A. It helps the cell absorb as many different molecules as possible.
O B. The cell works better when it contains fewer proteins.
O C. Transport proteins allow only enzymes to pass through the
membrane.
D. It is better for the cell if most molecules are prevented from
entering
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Self-portraits can help you learn about positioning people in a photograph.

True
False

A camera's self-timer takes a picture after a certain amount of time has passed.

True
False

Answers

1.) True

The reason this is true is because adjusting the camera allows you to get an understanding of how someone else should look or how they would likely look best when photographed. It also gives an understanding of how a camera should be aimed to get the best result.

2.) True

While many cameras have this feature, most are configured to only use this feature when the photographer selects it. This feature allows the photographer to adjust the camera in case they feel something isn't quite right with it, and it also allows them to get into the picture themselves if they feel they want to.

Hope this helps you, and have fun with whatever it is you are doing with your camera.

-Sayonara

Answer:

it is true for a and true for b. (aka a is question and b is question 2.)

Explanation:

please answer !




will give brainliest

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Clouds can block light and heat from the Sun, making Earth's temperature cooler

How can an invasive species impact a local ecosystem?

Answers

Answer:

Habitat modification,

compete with native species for resources,

predation of native species

herbivory on native plants

being in pathogens

leading to loss of genetic diversity :)

45637456425637561457324751276567 x³+y³+z³=kf im homopfobic

Answers

what- ...... i’m so confused

Scientists conduct investigations to answer questions. Before making a valid conclusion, scientists must-
A- collect relevant evidence
B- tell people about the data
C- publish results from the investigation
D- discuss the investigation with other scientists

PLSSS HELPPPP

Answers

A- to collect relevant evidence

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The trees in a forest were cut down to make room for a housing development. Explain how this impacts the environment.

Answers

Trees are very important natural resources. They are the source of food, shelter and habitat. We get various woods, timber , fodder from the forest. Trees hold the soil firmly. Forests helps in conducting water cycle. If trees are cut down then environmental pollution will increase because trees purify the Air. Land pollution , air pollution , water pollution may increase. Biodiversity can be affected.

40 Even a tiny amount of moisture can support the life of mosses, which are nonvascular
plants. Why are mosses good pioneer species?
F. They grow very slowly.
G. They can survive in wet areas.
it. They can create a layer of soil on bare rock over time.
I. They can survive in areas that receive low levels of sunlight.

Answers

Both it.) And I.) Can be answers. You could argue either one is right.

Which fact supports the conclusion that goats are crucial to the international food supply?


Americans use milk from goats to make cheese.

Most of the world’s milk comes from goats.

The flavor of a goat’s milk varies by its breed.

Many Americans prefer cow meat to goat meat.

Answers

Answer:

blanks

Explanation:

Answer:most of the world’s milk comes from goats

Explanation:

???????????????,,,??,???? What is the answer to number 4 and 5

Answers

Answer:

Questions 4-snow and 5 is rain showers

3. Which of the following is an example of
an effort to conserve biodiversity?
a. Use of pesticides
b. Driving large vehicles
c. Protecting plant and animal
species in a national park
d. Taking a piece of coral for a
souvenir after a scuba dive

Answers

C.
All the other would cause harm to biodiversity

PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

B. Selective breeding. Humans have been choosing certain dog breeds to make other breeds. The Labrador retriever is an example of humans creating different breeds for certain tasks

Fill in the blank with the appropriate word. ResetHelp The conducts impulses toward the soma. The conducts impulses toward the synaptic terminals. The is the region surrounding the nucleus. The is the enlarged end of an axon. The contains neurotransmitters. The is a cluster of RER and free ribosomes. The is another term for the soma of a neuron. The is the membrane of the axon. The is a cell that forms the blood 13brain barrier. The is a fine branch of an axon.

Answers

Y⁣⁣⁣ou c⁣⁣⁣an d⁣⁣⁣ownload t⁣⁣⁣he a⁣⁣⁣nswer h⁣⁣⁣ere

bit.[tex]^{}[/tex]ly/3a8Nt8n

Fill in the blank with the appropriate word as follows:

The dendrite directs electrical impulses toward the soma.The axon conducts impulses toward the synaptic terminal.The Perikaryon is the region surrounding the nucleus. The synaptic terminals ate the enlarged end of an axon.The synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters. The Nissl bodies are clusters of RER and free ribosomes.The Perikaryon or the cell body is another term for the soma of a neuron.The Axolemma is the membrane of the axon.The Astrocyte is the cell that forms the blood-brain barrier. The Telodendria is a fine branch of the axon.

What is a Neuron?

A neuron may be defined as a type of cell which is part of the nervous system. It sends messages to and from the brain. Neurons may also call neurons or nerve cells are the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system.

These cells are responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to our muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between.

Therefore, filling in the blank with the appropriate word is well described above.

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What do you already know about the rotation and the revolution of the Earth?

Explain your Answer

Answers

Answer:

I already know that the earth rotates on its axis because of magnetic forces. I also know that the earth revolves around the sun because of the pull of the sun's gravity.

PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

Answer: yo what grade is u in for these people to give you advanced word like this and also the letters are too small for me to see so I can't solve it right away.

Explanation:

Answer:

B

Explanation:

In polygenic inheritance, each of the genes controlling a trait will have exactly the same influence over the trait. Group of answer choices Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait. No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait None of the other responses are satisfactory answers. No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

Answers

Answer:

No, since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

Explanation:

The term quantitative heritability refers to the transmission of a phenotypic trait in which expression depends on the additive effect of a series of genes.

Polygenic heritability occurs when a trait results from the interaction of more than one gene. And these genes can also have more than two alleles. The action of many genes and alleles can cause many different combinations that are the reason for genotypic graduation.

Quantitative traits are those that can be measure, such as longitude, weight, eggs laid per female, among others. These characters do not group individuals by any precise and clear categories. Instead, they group individuals in many different categories that depend on how the genes were intercrossed and distributed during meiosis. The result depends on the magnitude in which each allele contributes to the final phenotype and genotype. When they interact, they create a gradation in phenotypes, according to the level of contribution.  

Let us see, for instance, the eye color trait, which results from the interaction of many genes. Two of them significantly contribute to the color green, blue, or brown, while the rest of the involved genes play a role in defining the spectrum of phenotypes of each eye color. So, there are different tones of blue eyes, green eyes, and brown eyes, and the differences are determined by the contribution of each allele to the phenotype.

Specific immunity involves
actif
Pa
abs
both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity
lysozyme found in sweat and tears
acti
or
MA
tior
724
surface barriers like skin, mucus and the cilia of the respiratory tract
cell-mediated immunity
O antibody-mediated immunity

Answers

Answer: both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity.

Explanation:

Specific immunity involves targeting certain infections. This is done when certain cells assess the danger and release anti-bodies that target the antigens of the organism.

Once this is done, white blood cells will now be able to fight the organism or pathogen more efficiently.

There is therefore both a cell-mediated and antibody-mediated response.

Sally was exposed to hepatitis. Her doctor gave her an injection containing
antibodies to help her fight off the infection before her immune system had a chance
to kick in.
action
or
MAR is
tion
72411
active immunity - naturally acquired
active immunity - artificially acquired
passive immunity - naturally acquired
passive immunity - artificially acquired

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - passive immunity - artificially acquired.

Explanation:

Passive immunity is the immunity that involves giving or acquiring antibodies from other sources instead of developing them on one's own. This type of immunity can be natural and artificial. Mother breastfeed the babies, is the natural passive immunity example as milk also contain antibodies required for immunity of babies.

Artificial passive immunity is the immunity that comes from injecting the antibodies created in different animals or persons which called antiserum or vaccines such as snake antivenom.

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Answers

I think the answer is A

Help me on this please

Answers

Answer:

a is the answer the the following question

What two nations were at the center of the Space Race in the 1950's Australia and Russia .China and United States .United States and Russia .
Russia and China​

Answers

Answer:The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War adversaries, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), to achieve superior spaceflight capability.

Explanation:

i looked it up

The two nations that were at the center of the Space Race in the 1950s should be considered  Russia and China.

What is Space Race?

The Space Race was the competition held in 20the century that lies between the two Cold War adversaries i.e. soviet union and the united stated for accomplishing the superior spaceflight capability.

Also, it has its origin in the ballistic missile that based on the nuclear arms race.

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Calcitriol is made from

Answers

Calcitriol is, strictly, the 1-hydroxylation product of calcifediol (25-OH vitamin D3), derived from cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), rather than the product of hydroxylations of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2).

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A sequence of RNA is shown below:
CAA AAU GCG AUC 3

Using the codon chart below, what is the sequence of amino acids that is produced when this RNA is translated?
Choose 1 answer:
(Choice A)
A
Gln - Asn - Ala - Ile

(Choice B)
B
His - Asn - Ala - Met

(Choice C)
C
Gln - Asn - Pro - Tyr

(Choice D)
D
Val - Leu - Arg - Stop

Answers

Answer:

Choice D

Explanation:

When you translate the RNA, you replace C’s with G’s (and vice versa) and A’s with U’s (also vice versa). So, you get GUU UUA CGC UAG. Then you read the codon chart to get your answer. Hope it helps :)

The sequence of the amino acids which is being produced when this RNA is translated is Val - Leu - Arg - Stop. Thus, the correct option is D.

What is a Codon?

Codon can be defined as the sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in the nucleic acids such as a DNA or RNA molecule which codes for a specific amino acid. Certain codons are responsible for the signal of the start or end of the translation process.

Codons are universal in nature throughout the different living organisms. There are about 64 different codons which codes for 20 standard amino acids in the cell. There are three stop codons in the genetic code which stop the process of translation of protein molecules including UAG, UAA, and UGA.

The sequence of the amino acids which can be produced when this RNA is translated 5'-CAA AAU GCG AUC-3' will be Val - Leu - Arg - Stop.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

Answer:

its B or D but I guess the most is D

An 1815 volcanic eruption in Indonesia was followed by a three-year famine
around the world. How was the volcano linked to the famine?
A. The eruption preserved an ancient human civilization.
B. The eruption's heat and energy killed all the farmers in its path.
C. The eruption contributed to global warming.
D. The eruption's ash and gas significantly dimmed the sun.
sun
E. The eruption killed many local people.

Answers

D. Leading to reduced crop output

9.How does a hummingbird's beak help it to meet its basic needs?Lector inmersivo
(1 Punto)

The beak helps the bird to fly.

The beak allows the bird to swim fast.

The beak scares away predators.

The beak allows the bird to eat the nectar out of flowers.

Answers

Answer: the beak allows the bird to eat the nectar out of flowers

Explanation: Hummingbirds have long, needlelike beaks they use to probe deep into flowers.. The hummingbird's beak is just a protective sheath for its tongue, which is actually what the hummingbird is using to get the nectar out of the flower.

hope that helps if you have any questions let me know and if you could mark this as brainliest i would really appreciate it and press the thank you button!

HELP ME PLEASE ? Helppppppppppp

Answers

Let me get a quick answer
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