4P₀V₀ is the work done by the gas during process 1→2→6→5→1.
Is the gas used for or used in work?Therefore, the work performed by a gas expanding against an external pressure is negative, analogous to the work performed by a system on its surroundings. In contrast, when a gas is compressed externally, V₀ and the work is positive because the environment exerts force on the system.
The gas must release some energy into the environment when it expands in response to an external pressure. The overall energy of the gas is thus reduced as a result of the negative work. When a gas is compressed, energy is transferred to it, increasing its energy as a result of positive work.
Let's consider,
Work done = -W (As the energy is released)
External pressure = P₀
Volume of gas = V₀
So, the work done can be calculated as follows:
W = P x (dV)
-W = P₀ × V₀
Now according to the process given:
1→2→6→5→1
Energy flow increases up to 6 eventually decreases with loss of factor 4.
Hence, the energy of the system (work done) is:
-W = 4 × P₀ × V₀
-W = 4P₀V₀
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A lab technician uses laser light with a wavelength of 640 nm to test a diffraction grating. When the grating is 40.8 cm from the screen, the first-order maxima appear 6.00 cm from the center of the pattern.
A lab technician uses laser light with a wavelength of 640 nm to evaluate a diffraction grating, and this particular grating has 195.31 lines per millimeter.
Its wavelength is 640 nm.
L=40.8 cm The distance between the grating and the screen
The first dazzling fringe is six centimeters away from the centre of the order for laser light. According to the deduced results from Young's experiment, which tie the order of bright fringes to the central order,
With the approach of laser light is small-angle approximation, y = m(wavelength)(L)/d and d = m()(L)/y
Using the value d= 1*640*10^-9*0.48/0.06m = 5.120*10^-9 as a starting point
The line density is 1/d = 1/5.120*10^-9, or 195.31 lines per millimeter.
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a satellite is orbiting a planet a distance r from its center and another satellite is orbiting at a distance 3r from its center. what is the relation between the accelerations due to gravity for each case?
Answer:
The relation between acceleration due to gravity for both cases [tex]g_{1} = 9g_{2}[/tex]
Explanation:
What is acceleration due to gravity ?
Any object's acceleration when it is only being affected by gravity.
According to the given information
Acceleration due to gravity could be found by [tex]\frac{GM}{r^{2} }[/tex]
Distance between satellite orbiting planet from center = r
Acceleration due to gravity for this case [tex]g_{1}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{GM}{r^{2} }[/tex]
Distance between satellite orbiting planet from center = 3r
Acceleration due to gravity for this case [tex]g_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{GM}{(3r)^{2} }[/tex]
relation between the acceleration due gravity in each case
[tex]\frac{g_{1} }{g_{2} } =\frac{(3r)^{2} }{r^{2} } \\[/tex]
[tex]\frac{g_{1} }{g_{2} } =\frac{9r^{2} }{r^{2} } \\[/tex]
[tex]\frac{g_{1} }{g_{2} }[/tex] = 9
[tex]g_{1} = 9g_{2}[/tex]
The relation between acceleration due to gravity for both cases [tex]g_{1} = 9g_{2}[/tex]
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sunlight just outside earth's atmosphere has an intensity of 1.40 kw/m2. (a) calculate em for sunlight, assuming it to be a plane wave.
Electromagnetic waves for sunlight is 966.48 V/m
a) We know that the intensity of light
I = (1/2)ε0cEm2
From the above equation we can write
Em = √(2I / ε0c)
= √2 * 1.24 x 103 / 8.85 x 10-12 * 3 x108
= 966.48 V/m
When an electric field and a magnetic field vibrate together, electromagnetic waves, or EM waves, are produced. Thus, magnetic and electric fields oscillate to form electromagnetic waves (EM waves). When an electric field and a magnetic field interact, electromagnetic waves are produced. It follows that they are referred to as "electromagnetic" waves. An electromagnetic wave's electric and magnetic fields are parallel to one another and form a right angle. In addition, they are parallel to the EM wave's direction.
In vacuum, the speed of electromagnetic waves is constant at 3.00 x 108 ms-1. Neither the electric nor magnetic fields can deflect them. On the other hand, they can exhibit diffraction or interference.
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a solid cylinder with a mass of 5 kg and a radius of 30 cm is rolling on a flat surface. the cylinder rolls with a speed of 2 m/s. what its kinetic energy?
The kinetic energy of the cylinder rolling is 10J
Rolling on a flat surface is a solid cylinder with a mass of 5 kg and a radius of 30 cm. 2 m/s is the rolling speed of the cylinder.
Due to frictional forces, when you slide an object over a surface (like a book over a table), it usually slows down quickly.
The frictional force acting provides the torque necessary for the object to begin rolling by causing it to change its angular momentum.
A moving object or particle has kinetic energy, which depends on both its mass and its rate of motion.
The type of motion could be vibration, rotation about an axis, translation (or motion along a path from one place to another), or any combination of these.
[tex]K.E=mv^2/2[/tex]
=[5 x 2 x 2]/2
=10 J
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An electric iron consumes energy at the rate of 420 W when heating is at the maximum rate and 180 W when heating is at the minimum rate. The applied voltage is 220 V. What is the current in each case?
when heating is at the minimum rate. The applied voltage is 220 V. The current in each case is 271.60 (approx)
P = VI V is voltage and I is current
then,
I = P/V
when heating is at maximum
current:
I = 420W/220V
=1.9(approx)
resistance:
R = V/I
= 220V/1.9A
=115.78(approx)
when heating in minimum
current:
I = P/V
= 180W/220V
= 0.81 (approx)
resistance:
R = V/I
=220V/0.81A
=271.60 (approx)
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What can a transistor do in order to fulfill its function in a circuit? check all that apply.
A transistor is used to amplify or switch (rectify) electrical signals or power.
A transistor is an electronic component used in a circuit to control a large amount of current or voltage with a small amount of voltage or current. Smaller in size, the transistor could easily be manufactured cheaply in large quantities. They had various operational advantages.A transistor is a type of a semiconductor device that can be used to both conduct and insulate electric current or voltage.Transistors can be easily damaged when electrical and thermal events arise. For example, electrostatic discharge in handling.Transistors are affected by cosmic rays and radiation.To more about transistors visit:
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hree uniform spheres fig. p13.45. (a) what are the mag- nitude and direction of the force on a 0.0150 kg particle placed at p? (b) if the spheres are in deep outer space and a 0.0150
a) the magnitude of the force on particle is 9.7 x 10⁻¹² N and direction is 45° counter clockwise.
b) if spheres are in outer space of 0.0150, then velocity will be 3 x 10⁻⁵ km/s
We know
Force = G (m₁m₂/d²)
(a) F(net) = F₁ + F₂ + F₃
G (mm(p)/d²) + G (mm(p)/d²) + 2G (mm(p)/2d²)
|F(net)| = G[ mm(p) / d² ](√2 + 1)
= [6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ x 1 x (0.015) / (0.5)² ] (√2 + 1) = 9.7 x 10⁻¹² N
The magnitude of the force is 9.7 x 10⁻¹² N.
Direction 45° counter clockwise
(b) Initial velocity U(p) = √2Gm(2+√2/d - 2/150)
= √2 x 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹(2 + √2 / 0.5 - 2/150)
= 3 x 10⁻⁵ m/s
Therefore, the velocity at which it moves is 3 x 10⁻⁵ km/s.
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46. the sled is pulled up a higher hill that is less steep than the original hill described before question 44. how does the speed of the sled at the bottom of the hill (after it has slid down) compare to that of the sled at the bottom of the original hill?
Both hills' lowest speeds for the sled are the same.
Why would someone use a sled?Sleds—also known as sleighs—are wintertime vehicles that are often pulled across ice or snow by either horses or dogs. The travois and the sidecar, which were its predecessors, are said to have been the earliest human-powered vehicles.
What is the difference between a sled and a sleigh?An open-topped, often medium- to large-sized sleigh is used to transport people or cargo. Reindeer, dogs, or horses are frequently used as the drivers. While the name "sled" is still used generally in American parlance, it frequently refers to a smaller, frequently recreational, equipment.
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a ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of 64 feet per second at an initial height of 80 feet. find the positio
The position of the object thrown upward with an initial velocity of 64 feet per second at an initial height of 80 feet from the ground after 10 seconds from the ground is 709.38 m
According to equation of motion,
s = u t + 1 / 2 a t²
s = Displacement
u = Initial velocity
t = Time
a = Acceleration
u = 64 ft / s
u = 19.5 m / s
t = 10 s
s = ( 19.5 * 10 ) + ( 1 / 2 * 9.8 * 10² )
s = 195 + 490
s = 685 m
Total distance from the ground,
d = h + s
h = 80 ft = 24.38 m
d = 24.38 + 685
d = 709.38 m
The final position of the object from the ground is 709.38 m
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Show that the Poisson bracket of two constants of the motion is itself a constant of the motion, even when the constants depend upon time explicitly.
Poisson brackets are powerful and sophisticated tool in the Hamilton formalism of classical mechanism.
The nonverbal code that most explicitly deals with movements and motion-based behaviors is known as kinesics.
Kinesics in Poisson bracket describes the way our hands, arms, faces, and bodies move to express meaning. It's our body language throughout a discussion or how we appear when we're speaking. This might show that we are interested in the interaction and are confident in it.
Poisson bracket refers to a broad range of visual codes involving the movement of the human body. Among these codes are gestures, posture, eye gaze, and facial expressions. Artifacts represent the various ways that we adorn or manipulate the body to communicate cultural or personal meanings.
Therefore, these Poisson bracket also shows a link between quantum and classical mechanism.
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Cations are always _____ than the parent atom and anions are always _____ than the parent atom.
Cations are always smaller than the parent atom and anions are always larger than the parent atom.
What are cations and anions?Cations are positively charged ions i.e. one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis while anions are negatively charged ions.
When a balanced atom loses one or more electrons, it will become a positively charged cation but it becomes negatively charged when it accepts one or more electrons.
Cations are always smaller than their parent atoms because they have lesser electrons, while their nuclear charge remains the same. On the other hand, anions are always larger because they have more electrons than their parent atoms.
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While roller-skating, Granny collides with her tiny grandson Ambrose who is at rest. Ignoring …
a. Granny catches him and they both move together.
b. he and Granny make a bouncing collision, each going in opposite directions.
Momentum is conserved when two moving objects of equal masses collide while traveling in the same direction. The impact between cars 1 and 2 causes car 2 to accelerate.
According to the rule of conservation of momentum, absent an external force, the combined momentum of two or more bodies operating upon one another in an isolated system remains constant. As a result, momentum cannot be gained or lost. Collisions between two objects naturally fall under Newton's third law of motion. When two objects collide, forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction are applied to each object. These forces frequently result in one object gaining momentum and speeding up while the other object slows down.
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You use j of energy to move a 2.0 N object. How far did you move it?
The distance the 2.0 N object will move, given that 35 J of energy is used to move it is 17.5 m
How do I determine the distance the object will move?Work done is defined as the product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. Mathematically, it is expressed as:
Work done (Wd) = force (F) × distance (d)
Using the above formula, we can detertmine the distance the object will move as illustrated below:
Workdone (Wd) = 35 JForce (F) = 2.0 NDistance moved (d) = ?Work done (Wd) = force (F) × distance (d)
35 = 2 × distance moved
Divide both sides by 2
Distance moved = 35 / 2
Distance moved = 17.5 m
Therefore, we can conclude from the calculation made above that the distance moved is 17.5 m
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Complete question:
You use 35 J of energy to move a 2.0 N object. How far did you move it?
a point mass is rotation about a rotation axis you increase its distance from that axis by a factor of two by what factor does its moement ofd inertia about that axis increase
When we increase the distance by two, the moment of inertia increases by a factor of four.
A measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotating motion, the moment of inertia (commonly abbreviated as "I") is used in physics. It measures the amount of mass disposed about a rotational axis. The equivalent of mass in linear motion is the moment of inertia in rotational motion.
The idea of a moment of inertia is essential to rotational dynamics and is applied in many branches of mechanics, engineering, and physics. It is essential for understanding how spinning things such as wheels, gears, flywheels, and heavenly bodies like planets move.
The moment of inertia is given by:
I = mr²
Here, mass (m) and distance (d).
If we increase the distance from r to 2r. The new moment of inertial is:
I = m(2r)²
I = 4mr²
Hence, when we increase the distance by two, the moment of inertia increases by a factor of four.
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A book weighing 10 kg is preparing to fall off the desk from a 1 meter height. The book's
gravitational potential energy is 980 Joules.
O True
O False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
gravitational potential energy = mgh
10*10*1 = 100 joules
which term best describes the shape of jupiter's orbit around the sun?
Answer:
Explanation:
Kepler's First Law Describes the Shape of an Orbit
The orbit of a planet around the Sun (or of a satellite around a planet) is not a perfect circle. It is an ellipse—a “flattened” circle. The Sun (or the center of the planet) occupies one focus of the ellipse.
Mass (kg) Weight (N) 0.05 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225 0.250 0.275 0.300 Displacement (Ay) 15 cm 23cm 30cm 40cm 48cm 55cm 63cm 71cm 80cm 90cm 97cm 1. Calculate the weight for each mass and fill in the middle column. Show the work for one of these calculations to receive credit. (5 points)
Here, we need to calculate weight.
Weight is given as the product of mass and gravity. This weight over here can also be denoted by force and it is said to be the force exerted by the bodies on the Earth.
If we take the gravity to be 10 m/s²,
then the weight for each given mass will be,
weight of 0.05 kg = 0.05*10 = 0.5 N
weight of 0.075 kg = 0.075 * 10 = 0.75 N
weight of 0.100 kg = 0.100 * 10 = 1 N
weight of 0.125 kg = 0.125 * 10 = 1.25 N
weight of 0.150 kg =0.150 * 10 = 1.5 N
weight of 0.175 kg = 0.175 * 10 = 1.75 N
weight of 0.200 kg = 0.200 * 10 = 2 N
weight of 0.225 kg = 0.225 * 10 = 2.25 N
weight of 0.250 kg = 0.250 * 10 = 2.5 N
weight of 0.275 kg = 0.275 * 10 = 2.75 N
weight of 0.300 kg = 0.300 * 10 = 3 N
Therefore, through this we got to know that the weight of the body is also the force exerted by the body on the Earth.
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Please hurry
Part A: A force of 8 N is exerted on a box with a mass of 2 kg. What is the acceleration of the
box?
Part B:If the box accelerates from rest to a velocity of 4 m/s, what is the impulse?
hope this helps solve your question
at what speed do a bicycle and its rider, with a combined mass of 100 kg , have the same momentum as a 1800 kg car traveling at 4.8 m/s ?
Answer:
Explanation:
Given:
m₁ = 100 kg
m₂ = 1800 kg
V₂ = 4.8 m/s
____________
V₁ - ?
According to the condition of the problem, the momentum are equal:
m₁·V₁ = m₂·V₂
Speed:
V₁ = m₂·V₂ / m₁ = 1800·4.8 / 100 ≈ 86 m/s
two capacitors of 4 μf and 8 μf are connected in parallel. what is the equivalent capacitance of this system?
The equivalent capacitance of this system is 12 micro F.
Let
C1 = 4 micro F
C2 = 8 micro F
C_parallel = C1 + C2
= 4 + 8
= 12 micro F
What is capacitance?
Capacitance is the ability of a component or circuit to collect and store energy in the form of electrical charge.
Capacitors are energy storage devices of various sizes and shapes. They consist of two sheets of conductive material (usually thin metals) sandwiched between insulators made of ceramic, foil, glass, or other material, or even air.
Insulators, also called dielectrics, increase the charging capacity of capacitors. Capacitors are sometimes called capacitors in the automotive, marine and aerospace industries.
The inner plate is connected to the two outer terminals. The outer terminal can be long and thin and resemble a small metal antenna or leg. These terminals can be plugged into a circuit.
Therefore, the equivalent capacitance of this system is 12.
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Calculate the total mass of the protons and electrons in 19 9f. Use 1. 007825 amu as the mass of 11h (mass of a proton and an electron).
We can conclude that total mass of protons and electrons in is 9.07043 u.
What is Atomic mass ?
Atomic mass means the sum of total number of protons and neutrons present in an atom.
When an atom is neutral then number of protons equal the number of electrons.
Mass of a proton equals to 1.007276 u, mass of neutron equals to 1.008664 u.
For example, in a atom there are total 9 protons and number of neutrons is 19 - 9 = 10.
Since, it is a neutral atom so number of electrons will also be 9.
So, total mass will be calculated as follows.
Total mass = 9 (mass of electron + mass of proton)
= 9 (1.007825 u)
= 9.07043 u
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what is the potential energy u of the toy when the spring is compressed 3.2 cm from its equilibrium position?
Total energy in compressing a spring is [tex]kx^{2}/2[/tex].
When we compress or extend a stretched spring, we experience a force equal to that applied by us in the opposite direction.When a spring deviates from its mean position, it tends to restore its equilibrium by exerting a force equal and opposite to the external force. We have seen the application of spring force in bicycle carriers and launching devices where the energy gained by disturbing the equilibrium of the spring is utilized as its potential energy and converted to other forms.To know more about springs visit:
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what is the longest wavelength of light (in nm) for which all three metals will emit photoelectrons?
The 520 nm wavelength is the longest at which a metal will emit an electron.
The definitions of wavelength and frequencyThe wavelength, which is also the distance between two wave crests and troughs, is the measurement of wave length. In cycles per second (Hz), the term "frequency" refers to the number of vibrations that cross a specific area in a second (Hertz). This article talks about the relationship between wavelength and frequency.
The wavelength is what.The length of a waveform signal that is propagating in space or over a wire is measured by the separation between identical points (adjacent crests) in the adjacent cycles. This length is often stated in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm) in wireless systems (mm).
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A 60kg board that is 6 m m long is placed at the edge of a platform, with 4m of its length extending over the edge. The board is held in place by blocks of masses M1M1 and M2M2 placed with their centers of mass on either end. If M2=30kg M2=30kg , what is the minimum value of M1 needed to keep the board from falling off the platform?
30kg
50kg
60kg
70kg
90kg
The minimum value of M1 to keep a board from falling off the platform is 90 kg.
The mass (M1) placed on the left side edge of the board
the mass of the board = 60 kg
the length of the board = 6 m
If the mass on the right side = 30 kg, and the length of the board L1 = 2m
Then, the length L2 which extend over the edge = 4m
Consider the center of gravity in the board that lies at the length of the board midpoint.
Then, the distance (D) of the gravity center from the platform end = 3 - 2
= 1
The moment when the platform end, the mass (M1) placed on the left side edge of the board can be computed as:
M1= 60kg+120kg/2
M1=180kg/2
M1=90kg
Therefore, The minimum value M1 needed to keep the board from falling off the platform is 90 kg.
Mass is a quantitative measure of inertia, a fundamental property of matter.
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why can you assume that the Mechanical energy is equal to the Initial gravitational energy
The Mechanical energy is equal to the Initial gravitational energy as mechanical energy is stored in the object as gravitational potential energy.
What is law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, according to the rule of conservation of energy. However, it is capable of change from one form to another.
An isolated system's total energy is constant regardless of the types of energy present. The law of energy conservation is adhered to by all energy forms. The law of conservation of energy essentially says that:
The total energy of the system is conserved in a closed system, also known as an isolated system.
Therefore, in a closed system like the universe, if energy is lost in one area, energy must be gained in a different area of the system by an equal amount. There is no known instance of the conservation of energy being broken, despite the fact that it cannot be proven.
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what method would astronomers use to find the distance to a galaxy so far away that individual stars are impossible to make out (resolve)?
The method would astronomers use to find the distance to a galaxy so far away that individual stars are impossible to make out (resolve) is finding the redshift .
What is meant by finding redshift ?A manifestation of the Doppler Effect is redshift. The sound or light waves that are released by an object as it moves away from us are stretched out, which lowers their pitch and causes them to migrate towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum, where light has a longer wavelength.
An important topic for astronomers is "red shift." The term can be taken literally; when the light's wavelength is stretched, the light is perceived as having "shifted" toward the red portion of the spectrum. When a source of sound moves in relation to an observer, sound waves experience a similar phenomenon.
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the flux through a loop of wire changes at a uniform rate from 4.0x10-5 wb to 5x10-5 wb in 0.10 s. determine the emf induced in the coil
The emf induced in the coil is 4.0x10-4 V.
What is the emf induced in the coil?The induced emf in a coil is determined by multiplying the coil's number of turns by the opposite of the magnetic flux's rate of change. It involves the interaction of a magnetic field and a charge.The induced emf is equal to (BA cos) = − d/dt. The magnetic field's strength might fluctuate over time. The region that the loop encloses is subject to vary throughout time.A motional emf is an emf that is caused by movement in relation to a magnetic field. The length of the object moving at speed v in relation to the magnetic field's strength B is represented by the equation emf = LvB.Given data :
The induced emf is ε = - d/dt (BA cos θ).
d = 4.0x10-5Δd = 5x10-5t = 0.10 sApply the formula ,
induced emf is ε = - d/dt (BA cos θ).
= - 4.0x10-5 / 5x10-5 x 0.10 = 4.0x10-4 V.
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what is the z -component of the electric field at a depth δ beneath the origin along the negative z -axis? express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables σ , r , δ , and the electric constant ϵ0 .
In this problem we have spherical symmetry, so we can apply Gauss theorem to find the magnitude of the electric field:
∫ E(r) . dr = q / ε₀
where the term on the left is the flux of the electric field through the gaussian surface, and q is the charge contained in the surface.
Here we are analyzing the field at a distance , so outside the solid ball. If we take a gaussian sphere with radius r, we can rewrite the equation above as:
E(r) . 4πr² = q/ε₀ (1)
where 4πr² is the surface of the sphere.
The charge contained in the sphere, q, is equal to the charge density times the volume of the solid ball, 4/3πr³ₐ:
q = ρ (4/3πr³ₐ) (2)
Combining (1) and (2), we find
E(r) . 4πr² = (4/3ρπr³ₐ) / (3ε₀)
E(r) = ρπr³ₐ / 3ε₀r²
And we see that the electric field strength is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, r.
B) Now we are inside the solid ball: . By taking a gaussian sphere with radius r, the Gauss theorem becomes
E(r) . 4πr² = q / ε₀ (1)
But this time, the charge q is only the charge inside the gaussian sphere of radius r, so
q = ρ(4/3πr³) (2)
Combining (1) and (2), we find
E(r) . 4πr² = 4ρπr³ / 3ε₀
E(r) = ρr / 3ε₀
And we see that this time the electric field strength is proportional to r.
C) E(0)=0.
limr→∞E(r)=0.
The maximum electric field occurs when r=rb.
From part A) and B), we observed that
- The electric field inside the solid ball (r <r ₐ) isρr / 3ε₀ (1)
so it increases linearly with r
- The electric field outside the solid ball ( r > rₐ) isE(r) = ρrₐ³ / 3ε₀r² (2)
so it decreases quadratically with r
--> This implies that:
1) At r=0, the electric field is 0, because if we substitute r=0 inside eq.(1), we find E(0)=0
2) For r→∞, the electric field tends to zero as well, because according to eq.(2), the electric field strength decreases with the distance r
3) The maximum electric field occur for , i.e. on the surface of the solid ball: in fact, for the electric field increases with distance, while for the field decreases with distance, so the maximum value of the field is for .
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[NOTE: THIS IS AN INCOMPLETE QUESTION. THE COMPLETE QUESTION IS: A solid ball of radius rb has a uniform charge density ρ.
Part A What is the magnitude of the electric field E(r) at a distance r>rb from the center of the ball? Express your answer in terms of ρ, rb, r, and ϵ0.
Part B What is the magnitude of the electric field E(r) at a distance r Express your answer in terms of ρ, r, rb, and ϵ0.
Part CLet E(r) represent the electric field due to the charged ball throughout all of space. Which of the following statements about the electric field are true?
Check all that apply.
E(0)=0.
E(rb)=0.
limr→∞E(r)=0.
The maximum electric field occurs when r=0.
The maximum electric field occurs when r=rb.
The maximum electric field occurs as r→∞.]
what magnitude of current is required to produce 1.4 kg of sodium metal in one hour? express your answer in amperes to two significant figures.
The magnitude of the current required to produce 1.4 kg of sodium metal in one hour is 1398.38 Amps
Weight of Sodium = 1.4 kg = 1400 g
The molar mass of Sodium = 23 u
Moles of Sodium = 1400/23 = 52.174
No. of atoms of copper = 52.174 * 6.023 x[tex]10^{23}[/tex] = 3.14 x [tex]10^{25}[/tex]
Each copper requires a 1e charge,
So total charge = 1.602 x[tex]10^{-19}[/tex] * 3.14 x [tex]10^{25}[/tex]= 5034180.52 C
I = total charge/time
Electrical charge carriers, often electrons or atoms deficient in electrons, travel as current. The current is frequently represented by the capital letter I. The standard unit is the ampere, represented by the letter A.
So I = 5034180.52/3600 = 1398.38 Amps
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what minimum speed must the small sphere have in order to come within 5.00 cm of the surface of the large sphere?
The minimum speed must the small sphere have is v = 145.56 m/s
What is law of conservation of energy?
According to the rule of conservation of energy, energy cannot be generated or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one type of energy to another. This indicates that unless energy is added from outside, a system always has the same quantity of energy.
According to the given question,
Let the speed given to small charge q = v
Initially there is only Kinetic Energy present in the system , and potential energy is zero. The initial KE given to q is all transformed to Potential energy at distance r = 9.00 + 5.00 = 14.00 cm or 0.14 m from Q where q comes to rest due to the repelling forces.
Therefore, Using Energy Conservation -
PE = (qkQ)/r
KE = 1/2mv^2
PE = KE
1 / 2 * m * [tex]v^2[/tex] = Kq*Q/r
1 / 2 * 6 * [tex]10^-5[/tex] * [tex]v^2[/tex] = 8.9 * [tex]10^9[/tex] * 5 * [tex]10^-6[/tex] * 2* [tex]10^-6[/tex] / 0.14
v = [tex]\sqrt{(0.63571 * 10^5)/3)} m/s[/tex]
v = 145.56 m/s
Minimum speed must the small sphere have, v = 145.56 m/s
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