Momentum's conservation:
m1 v1 + m2 v2 + m3 v3 = 0 (vectors)
X axis : m2 v2 + m3 v3x = 0
v3x = - m2 v2/m3
Y axis : m1 v1 + m3 v3y = 0
v3y = - m1 v1/m3
m3 = m - (m1 + m2) = 1.92*10^-26 - (5.02 + 8.5)*10^-27 = 5.68*10^-27 kg
So :
v3x = - 5.98*10^6 m/s ;
v3y = - 5.30*10^6 m/s
(a) The vector v3 = - (5.98 i + 5.30 j)*10^6 m/s
(b) The total kinetic energy is:
Ek = (1/2)(m1 v1^2 + m2 v2^ + m3 v3^2)
Ek = 3.40 * 10^13 J
Velocity can be notion of as the rate at which an object covers distance. A quick-moving object has a high speed and covers a notably big distance in a given amount of time, whilst a sluggish-shifting item covers a relatively small amount of distance in the same amount of time.
The primary unit or the S.I. unit of velocity is m/s or ms?¹.
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Nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. How long will it take for a sample of titanium-45 to decay from 65. 0 grams to 25. 0 grams? the half-life of titanium-45 is 3. 08 hours.
The mass of Ti-51 remaining after 1 hour will be 0.0977 g
Is radioactive decay first order kinetics?Since radioactive decay is a first-order process, we can also use this equation for the rate constant, which comes from first-order kinetics, which says that the rate constant k is equal to 0.693 divided by the half-life.Nuclear decay is an excellent example of a first order process. The rate of decay is simply proportional to the amount of the radioactive isotope. This is due to the fact that any isotope has the same chance of decaying at any given time.Because nuclear decay reactions follow first-order kinetics and have a rate constant that is independent of temperature and the chemical or physical environment, we can perform similar calculations using the half-lives of isotopes to estimate the ages of geological and archaeological artifacts.The first-order radioactive decay law states that the rate of decay (number of disintegrations per second) is proportional to the number of radioactive atoms (N) present at that time t. N = No e-λt.#a. ⁵¹₂₂ Ti + ⁰₋₁e → ⁵¹₂₃V
#b. 0.0977 g
#a.
Titanium-51 is the radioisotope that undergoes Beta emission to emit a daughter isotope Vanadium-51 (Mass number-51 and atomic number -23).
Titanium-51 has a mass number of 51 and atomic number of 22.
A beta particle is equivalent to ⁻¹₀e
Beta emission does not affect the mass number of an isotope but increases the atomic number by 1.
Therefore;
The reaction will be;
⁵¹₂₂Ti + ⁻¹₀e → ⁵²₂₂V
#b.
The half life of Ti-51 is 6 minutes
We can calculate the mass remaining after 1 hour (60 min)
Original mass of the sample = 10.0 g
But; using the formula;
Remaining mass = Original mass × (1/2)^n , where n is the number of half lives.
in this case, n = time/half life
= 60 min ÷ 6 min
= 10
Therefore;
Remaining mass = 100 g × (1/2)^10
= 0.0977 g
Therefore, the mass of Ti-51 remaining after 1 hour will be 0.0977 g
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an automobile engine provides 508 joules of work to push the pistons and generates 2277 joules of heat that must be carried away by the cooling system. calculate the change in the internal energy of the engine. e
The change in the internal energy of the engine is 508 + 2277 = 2785 joules.
What is internal energy?
Rising temperature and changes in state as well as phase from solid to liquid as well as liquid to gas cause an increase in internal energy. Planetary bodies can be viewed as a fusion of heat engines and heat reservoirs. Internal energy E is stored in the heat reservoirs, and some of it is converted into different kinds of mechanical, electrical, and chemical energies by the heat engines. The sum of the kinetic energy brought on by the motion of molecules as well as the potential energy brought on by the vibrational motion as well as electric energy of atoms inside of molecules makes up the internal energy U of the a system or a body with clearly defined boundaries. The energy contained in every chemical bond is also referred to as internal energy.
The change in the internal energy of the engine can be calculated using the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the increase in the internal energy of a system equals the work done by the system plus the heat added to the system. In this case, the work done by the engine is 508 joules and the heat generated by the engine is 2277 joules. Therefore, the change in the internal energy of the engine is 508 + 2277 = 2785 joules.
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A liquid of constant density rho and constant viscosity μ flows down a wide, long inclined flat plate. The plate makes an angle θ with the horizontal. The velocity components do not change in the direction of the plate, and the fluid depth, h, normal to the plate is constant. There is negligible shear stress by the air on the fluid. Find the velocity profile u(y), where u is the velocity parallel to the plate and y is measured perpendicular to the plate. Write an expression for the volume flow rate per unit width of the plate.
The velocity profile u(y) is defined as V = (alpha)*g*sin(alpha)*h^3/3M, where u is the velocity measured parallel to the plate and y is measured perpendicular to the plate. The air just slightly shear stresses the fluid.
Velocity is a vector measurement of an object's rate of motion and direction of motion. The magnitude and direction must therefore be understood in order to calculate the velocity according to this criterion. It is possible to describe shearing stress, also known as shear stress, as "a type of stress that acts coplanar with cross section of material." Shear forces resulted in shear stress. They are a pair of forces that have the same magnitude and are directed in the opposite direction and operate on opposite sides of a body. A vector quantity is shear stress.
Alpha = g*sin(alpha)*h2/2M [y - y^3/3h^2]
V = (alpha)*g*sin(alpha)*h2/2M
Alpha = g*sin(alpha)*h^3/3M
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a charge is moving north (upward) bound to a wire. the field lines associated with this current is group of answer choices points outward on the left and points inward on the right. pointing to the left pointing to the right points inward on the left and outward on the right. pointing out of the page pointing downward (south)
When the charge is moving North (upward) down to a wire the field lines associated with this current will be inward on the right and outward on the left.
According to the Right Hand Thumb Rule the direction of the magnetic field associated with the current can be given as,
By pointing of the right hand into the direction of the current, the direction of the curling of the fingers of the right hand will give the direction of the magnetic field.
So, if the charges moving north which is upward direction,
The magnetic field lines associated with the current will be in a circular manner with the right side of the magnetic field Pointing inwards and the left side of the magnetic field Pointing outwards.
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a student performs three trials of a standard two-slit interference experiment. in each trial the material and hence the index of refraction in the region between the barrier and the screen is
Between the barrier and the screen in each trial, the material and consequently the index of refraction are 487.8 nm.
Light waves alter in speed when two materials with different densities, like air and glass, come into contact. The resulting change in direction is referred to as refraction.
With D=2.05, d=5,
m=1,Y1=20cm
In our case, d sin = m.
λ=dYn/mD=
5*10⁻⁶*20*10⁻²/1*2.05
λ=487.8 nm
Refraction in physics is the change in direction that results from a wave's change in speed when it travels through one medium and enters another. For instance, waves move faster in deep water than they do in shallow water.
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Four identical blocks are moving on a surface for which the coefficient of kinetic friction between each block and the surface is Hk. The velocity of each block is indicated by the vector on the block.for which block is the force of friction between the surface and the block greatest?
The maximum friction pressure that can act at the block is given with the aid of fax = muS*N, in which muS is the coefficient of static friction.
In physics, pressure is a power that could alternate the movement of an object. A force can motivate an item with mass to alternate its velocity, i.e, to boost up pressure also can be defined intuitively as a push or a pull. A pressure has both significance and path, making it a vector quantity.
Exceptional kinds of pressure are contact forces and non-forces. a few examples of pressure are Nuclear force, gravitational force, Frictional pressure, magnetic pressure, electrostatic force, spring pressure, and so on.
In physics, a force is a push or pull between gadgets. it is called an interplay because if one object acts on another, its action is matched by using a response from the alternative item. This idea is called Newton's 0.33 regulation, wherein movement and reaction are identical and opposite.
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what is the typical hydrogen content (by mass) of stars that are forming right now in the vicinity of the sun? (a) 100% hydrogen (b) 75% hydrogen (c) 50% hydrogen
The typical hydrogen content (by mass) of stars that are forming right now in the vicinity of the sun is 75% hydrogen.
What is hydrogen?
The chemical element hydrogen is represented by the letter H as well as atomic number 1. The lightest element is hydrogen. Under normal circumstances, hydrogen is a gas made up of diatomic molecules with the formula H2. It is non-toxic, tasteless, colourless, odourless, and highly combustible. In the universe, hydrogen is by far the most prevalent chemical, making up about 75% of all ordinary matter. Plasma hydrogen makes up the majority of stars like the Sun. On Earth, hydrogen mostly takes the form of molecules like water and biological compounds. Each atom of hydrogen's most prevalent isotope, 1H, contains a single proton, one electron, and also no neutrons.
This is because the interstellar medium contains mostly hydrogen, which is the most abundant element in the universe. When these clouds of gas and dust collapse, they become denser and hotter, and the hydrogen atoms begin to fuse together, creating helium and other elements in the process. The resulting star is composed mostly of hydrogen, with the remaining 25% being composed of helium and other elements.
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Determine the output voltage Vo in the circuit given below using nodal analysis, where the dependent source A-0.2Vo Please report your answer so the magnitude is positive and all angles are in the range of negative 180 degrees to positive 180 degrees. j2Ω 12/0°V 4Ω The output voltage of the circuit is V.-n/r n/r
It is given that:
dependent source = A-0.2Vo
an electrician is running wire from the electric box on a house to a utility pole 75 feet away, the angle of elevation to the connection on the pole is . how much wire does the electrician need?
Answer: The electrician need78 feet of wire are required by the electrician as a result.
Reason:
The elevated angle between the horizontal plane and line of sight to the connection on the pole.
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Nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. How long will it take for a sample of chromium-51 to decay from 35. 0 grams to 10. 0 grams? the half-life of chromium-51 is 28 days.
50 dayss long will it take for a sample of chromium-51 to decay from 35. 0 grams to 10. 0 grams
What purpose does chromium-51 serve?Observationally stable chromium isotopes include chromium Cr-51.
It is utilized as a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical agent when injected intravenously to calculate the volume or mass of red blood cells, research red blood cell survival, and assess blood loss.
what The half-life of chromium-51 is what?Introduction.With a half-life of 27.7 days and gamma rays with a maximum energy of 0.320 MeV, chromium-51 is a widely utilized radionuclide
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During a tug-of-war, team a pulls on team b by applying a force of 1100 n to the rope between them. The rope remains parallel to the ground. How much work does team a do if they pull team b toward them a distance of 2. 0 m?.
Work done by team A while pulling team B is 2200 J.
What is work done?
The work done by a force is defined to be the product of the component of the force in the direction of the displacement and the magnitude of this displacement. Formula. Work can be calculated by multiplying Force and Distance in the direction of force as follows. W = F × d.
What is cos theta in work done?
Work done in physics is defined as a dot product of a force vector and displacement vector. W = F.S.cos θ where cos θ is the angle between the force vector and displacement vector.
What force is applied during tug of war?
Tug-of-war is a game that uses friction as the driving force.
What happens in a tug of war if both teams apply equal force?
In a tug of war, if the two teams are applying equal force on the rope then the net force acting on the rope is zero and hence the rope stays at the same place.
Force F= 1100 N
Displacement caused by the applied force S = 2 m
Force and displacement are in the same direction the angle between them is zero.
Work done is calculated as
[tex]W=F * S * cos theta\\W=1100 * 2 * cos 0\\W=2200 J[/tex]
Thus, the work done by team A to pull is 2200J.
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The reason padded dashboards are used in cars is that they _____.
a. change the impulse in a collision
b. increase the time it takes the person to come to a complete stop
c. change the momentum of a collision
d. increase the force on the person as they come to a final stop
The reason padded dashboards are used in cars is that they a.) change the impulse in a collision. Therefore option a) is correct.
Why are padded dashboards used in cars?Padded dashboards make automobiles safer as they increase the time taken to decrease the momentum of impacting body to zero, which also decreases the impact. Therefore, force acting on the padded dashboards is small.
If the driver or passenger hits the dashboard, then the force and time required to stop the momentum is exerted by the dashboard. Padded dashboards serve to extend the time duration of the impact, hence minimizing the effect of the force.
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what is the density of the oil? [hint: pressures at points a and b are equal. why?] express your answer with the appropriate units.
The majority of oils have densities that fall within the 700–950 kg/m3 (kg/kg/m3) range. In oils, it is typically stated as +15°C or +20°C, in kilograms per square meter.
Explain density.Density Definition How closely a material gets packed together is determined by its density. It is described as the mass per volume. Density Symbol: D or Density formula: = m/V, where m is the object's mass and V is its volume.
What does density mean, for example?How compact & concentrated anything is is described by its density. Consider having two boxes, on large and one tiny. They each weigh the same, though. As a result, the small box does have a greater density than the huge box. Additionally, density reveals how crowded or concentrated something is.
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which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? i) the energy change, , when ( 15.99491461956 amu) is formed from 8 protons and 8 neutrons is less than zero.ii) nuclear fission is used to produce electric power in nuclear reactorsiii) the first example of nuclear fission involved bombarding with nuclei.
The statement that is true is that; nuclear fission is used to produce electric power in nuclear reactors.
What is a fission reaction?We know that a fission reaction has to do with a kind of reaction in which a radioactive nucleus is bombarded by the use of a particle and then there is the disintegration of the atomic nucleus in order to produce energy.
This has been one of the ways by which we can be able to generate electricity in several power plants across the world. The loss in the mass of the reactants is the equivalent of the energy produced.
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an intoxicated clockmaker produces a grandfather clock whose pendulum has a period of 3.5\;\mathrm{s}3.5s. what is the length of the pendulum?
The length of the pendulum is equal to 1.35 m.
What is a simple pendulum?A simple pendulum can be described as a mechanical arrangement that exhibits periodic motion. The simple pendulum is made of a small bob of mass ‘m’ suspended by a thin thread hung at its upper end of length L.
The simple pendulum moves in an oscillatory motion and the motion occurs in a vertical plane which is driven by the gravitational force.
The time period of the pendulum is given by:
T = 2π√(L/g)
Where L is the length and g is the gravitational acceleration.
Given, the time period of a pendulum, T = 3.5 s
Then the length of the pendulum can be calculated as:
[tex]{\displaystyle 3.5 = 3\times 3.14 \sqrt{\frac{L}{9.8} }[/tex]
(0.37)² = L/9.8
L = 1.35 m
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Which free body diagram represents the forces acting on an object the moment the applied is removed ,but while the object is still moving forward
The diagram of free body diagram represents the forces acting on an object the moment the applied is removed ,but while the object is still moving forward is attached in the answer.
What is free body diagram?The relative strength and direction of all forces operating on an object in a specific circumstance can be depicted using free body diagrams (FBDs), which are helpful tools. The careful creation of a free-body diagram is a prerequisite for the analysis and description of the majority of physical processes. In a free body diagram, the size of the arrow represents the force's magnitude, while the direction of the arrow represents the way it acts.
Describes what a free body diagram is: A graphic, dematerialized, symbolic representation of the body (a structure, element, or fragment of an element) in which all connecting "parts" have been eliminated is known as a free-body diagram.
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Suppose we use a baseball to represent Earth. On this scale, the other terrestrial worlds (Mercury, Venus, the Moon, and Mars) would range in size approximately from that of _________.
a golf ball to a baseball
The other terrestrial worlds (Mercury, Venus, the Moon, and Mars) would range in size approximately from that of a golf ball to a baseball.
Define solar system.
The Sun and the things that circle it make up the gravitationally bound solar system. It was created 4.6 billion years ago when a massive interstellar molecular cloud collapsed because to gravity. The Sun is home to the great majority (99.86%) of the system's mass, with Jupiter holding the lion's share of the remaining mass. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the four planets in the inner solar system. These terrestrial planets are mostly made of rock and metal.
We consider the size of the earth to be that of a golf ball. This scale would allow us to squeeze 1.3 million golf ball-sized earths inside of the Sun, which would be over 15 feet wide. That is equivalent to two full school buses' worth of golf balls.
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Two power lines run parallel for a distance of 270 m and are separated by a distance of 40.0 cm. If the current in each of the two lines is 140 A and if they run in opposite directions, determine the magnitude and direction of the force each wire exerts on the other.
Answers:
magnitude: _____ N
direction: towards eachother, or away from eachother
The force exerted by each wire on the other is 2.646N and it is away from each other.
The parallel electricity lines are 270 meters long and spaced 40 centimeters apart.
The power line's current is 140A.
In order to exert force on one power line owing to another,
F = uI1I2L/2r.
Where,
The line's current is I₁ and I₂, respectively.
L is the wire's length.
The distance between them is r.
Assigning values,
F = 4 x π x 10⁻⁷ x 140 x 140 x 270/2 x π x 0.4.
Continuing to solve,
F = 2.646 N.
Because the current is flowing in the same direction, the force will be in the opposite direction. Regardless of the current's direction, the force's magnitude will not change.
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In thinking about the uniform distribution of a gravitational field over a sphere, why does gravitational force have an inverse-square relationship with the distance between objects?.
In the first case it is increased by a factor of 9.
Explain in detail.
In physics, a gravitational field is a model used to explain the influences that a massive body extends into the space around itself, producing a force on another massive body.
This model is used to explain gravitational phenomena, and is measured in newtons per kilogram. The formula for determining the gravitational field strength is weight divided by mass. On Earth, the gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg, and other planets have different gravitational field strengths. For example, the Moon has a gravitational field strength of 1.6 N/kg.
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an object is launched upward with an initial velocity of 64 feet per second from a platform 80 feet height. a. what is the maximum height of the object? b. how many seconds until the object hits the ground?\
a) Object maximum height is : 144 feet
b) object hits the ground in : 5.74 seconds
a) t = - [tex]\frac{b}{2a}[/tex]
t = - [tex]\frac{-64}{2(-16)}[/tex]
t = 2 second
h(t) = -16[tex]t^{2}[/tex] + 64t + 80
h(2) = -16([tex]2^{2}[/tex]) + 64(2) + 80
h = -64 + 128 + 80
h = 144 feet
b) Time to maximum height = 2 seconds
Maximum height = 144 ft
Displacement when it hits the ground = -80
-80 = -16[tex]t^{2}[/tex] + 64t + 80
solve for t :
t = 5.74 seconds
A displacement simple definition is what?
A change in an object's position is referred to as "displacement." It is a vector quantity with a magnitude and direction. The symbol for it is an arrow pointing from the initial location to the ending place. For instance, if an object shifts from location A to position B, its position changes.
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I understand that the question you are looking for is:
A object is launched directly upward at 64 feet per second (ft/s) from a platform 80 feet high. The equation that models this is given by h(t) = -16[tex]t^{2}[/tex] + 64t + 80.
a) What will the objects maximum height ?
b) How many seconds until the object hits the ground?
how much time in seconds will it take a cart to reach the bottom of the track?assume the cart starts from rest, the track is 1.5 m long and the distance covered by the cart is 1.5 m.
Around 80 times we should expect it to land on B.
What is time?Time is basically a measure of non-stop, consistent change in our own surroundings. Usually we can see through a specific point of view. Concept of time is self-evident and intuitive. Describing the fundamental nature of time is quite difficult.
The general time formula of the any kind of task that is given as [Time = Distance ÷ Speed]. for SI unit of time is seconds (s).
As per the given condition-
Spin circle=3
Time = 120 sec
the total is 3
the red and orange equals to 2
2/3 times 120
240/3
=80 times
Thus, the correct answer is 80 times.
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which has the lowest heat capacity? (values of heat capacities and calculations are unnecessary). which has the lowest heat capacity? (values of heat capacities and calculations are unnecessary). 3 kg of iron 10 g of liquid water 30 kg of ice 1 g of gold
Answer:
3kg of iron
Explanation:
The Carnot cycle is calculated using this law or modifications of it, and Daniel Bernoulli derived it with Newton's laws of motion. Independently discovered by Edme Mariotte, credit for it is most often given to the author of (*) The Skeptical Chymist. It is part of the combined gas law, with Gay-Lussac's Law and Charles' Law. For 10 points, identify this law that states that at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional.
Boyle's law states that the volume of a given quantity of gas sustained at a fixed temperature is inversely proportional to the measurement's measurement of pressure.
Describe Newton's law.The motion of an item is related to the forces operating on it by Newton's equations of motion. According to the first law, until a force strikes on an item, it will not alter its motion. According to the second law, an object's force is determined by multiplying its mass by its acceleration. According to the third law, when two objects interact, they exert equal-sized and opposite-direction pressures upon one another.
Bernoulli equation: what is it?Static pressure plus dynamic pressure equals total pressure is a simple way to express Bernoulli's equation. Each point Every point in a steadily flowing fluid, regardless of the fluid speed at that point, has its own unique static pressure p and dynamic pressure q.
What is Gay-Lussac's Law and Charles' Law?Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac investigated the expansion of gases as the temperature is increased. His data helped establishCharles' law, which says, in its modern form, that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
Now we need to say which law is there which state that at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional.
The law that states this is Boyle's law.
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A cart of weight 20 n is accelerated across a level surface at 0. 15 m/s2. What net force acts on the wagon? (g = 9. 8 m/s2).
The net force that acts on the cart of wagon is calculated as 3N.
What is net force?
The net force of a body can be calculated by multiplying the mass of the body by its acceleration. That is;
Force (N) = weight (N) × acceleration (m/s²)
According to this question, a weight of 20N accelerated across a level surface at 0.15 m/s². The net force can be calculated as follows:
F = 20 × 0.15
F = 3N
Therefore, the net force that acts on the cart of wagon is calculated as 3N.
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a rope of mass m and length ` hangs from the ceiling. (i) what is the wave speed on the rope a distance y above the lower end?
From a ceiling, a rope with the mass m and length L hangs. Demonstrate that v =√gy is the wave speed on the rope at a distance of y above the lower end.
Explain about the wave speed?The amount of space a wave covers in a certain amount of time, such as the number of meters it covers in a second, is known as its wave speed. Speed = Wavelength x Frequency is an equation that describes how wave speed relates to wave wavelength and wave frequency. When the wavelength and frequency are known, this equation can be used to determine the wave speed. Wave frequency (f) is recorded in hertz, while wave speed (v) is measured in meters per second (m/s) (Hz)
Although technically, velocity means both speed and direction, wave velocity is most often used to refer to speed. A wave's velocity is independent of its intensity and equal to the product of its wavelength and frequency (number of vibrations per second).
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In comparing two unequal forces on a rigid body, is it possible to have the larger force produce less torque than the smaller force?.
Yes It is conceivable for a force to produce less torque when it is greater than a force that is smaller.
What occurs when there are unequal forces?An object's motion can be altered by unbalanced forces.Two things cause this.An object will move if an imbalanced force pushes and pulls on it while it is at rest.Unbalanced forces also can cause an item in motion to shift its speed or direction.
What impact do uneven forces have on motion?Students are aware that unbalanced forces can cause objects to accelerate, decelerate, or change direction during their motion.
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what speed (as a ratio with respect to the speed of light) must a canister be shot from one ship towards the other ship in order for the canister to approach the other ship at 0.999c as seen by the other ship?
The speed of the canister relative to the ship firing it must be 0.999c since the speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames.
Relative velocity is the vector difference between the velocities of two objects in motion relative to each other. It is the velocity of an object in relation to the velocity of the other object. Since the speed of the canister must be 0.999c relative to the ship firing it, the speed of the canister relative to the other ship must be 0.999c + (the relative velocity of the two ships).
So, if the relative velocity of the two ships is v, the speed of the canister relative to the other ship must be 0.999c + v.
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calculate the energy and wavelength of the characteristic x-ray produced when a k-shell electron is replaced by an m-shell electron in tungsten.
The energy and wavelength of the characteristic x-ray produced is 66KeV and 0.192А° respectively.
What is energy of electrons in a shell?
The energy level of each electron shell varies, with the electron shells nearest to the nucleus having a lower energy level than those farthest from the nucleus. If the electron jumps from the second energy level down to the first energy level, it must give off some energy by emitting light.
What is wavelength and how to calculate it?
Wavelength can be defined as the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave. It is measured in the direction of the wave.
Rydberg's Formula for calculating the wavelength:
1 / λ = R(Z - [tex]1^2[/tex]) [tex][\frac{1}{1} - \frac{1}{n^2} ][/tex]
Energy associated with the electron in the K-shell is approximately
[tex]E_k = -(74-1)^2(13.6eV) = -72474eV[/tex]
The number of electrons in the n = 1 and n = 2 states, which act as a shield between the M electrons and the nucleus. M electrons are protected from the nucleus by about nine electrons because there are currently eight electrons in the n = 2 state and one electron in the n = 1 state.
[tex]Z_eff = z - 9[/tex]
Consequently, the energy of an electron in the M shell is
[tex]E_m = \frac{-13.6 z_eff^2}{3^2}[/tex]eV = [tex]E_m = \frac{13.6 (z-9)^2}{3^2}[/tex]
[tex]E_M =[/tex] -6384eV
Therefore, emitted X-ray has an energy equal to
[tex]E_m - E_k = {-6384-(-72474)}eV[/tex]
= 66090eV = 66KeV
To calculate wavelength,
For an electron in the Kshell, σ=1.
Thus, Zeff = Z−σ = Z−1
Here, as electron drops from Mshell(n=3) → Kshell(n=1), we call the radiated emission Kβ X-ray and from is given as
1 / λ[tex]_{kb}[/tex] = R(Z-[tex]1^2[/tex])[tex][\frac{1}{1^2} -\frac{1}{3^2} ][/tex]
λ[tex]_{kb}[/tex] = 10967800 × (74 - [tex]1^2[/tex]) [tex][\frac{8}{9}][/tex]
λ[tex]_{kb}[/tex] = 0.192А°
The energy and wavelength of the characteristic x-ray produced is 66KeV and 0.192А° respectively.
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Listed following are several objects in the solar system. Rank these objects from left to right based on their orbital period around the Sun from shortest to longest. A typical asteroid in the asteroid belt, a trojan asteroid, a typical kuiper belt object, a typical oort cloud object
The orbital period around the Sun from shortest to longest from the sun is asteroid belt - (3 earth years)⇒ trojan asteroid(4 earth years)⇒ typical Kuiper belt object (∠ 200 earth years )⇒ typical Oort cloud object (P≈ 5*10⁶ years).
What is Solar system?This refers to the sun, star, moon, and all the bodies moving around the sun and held by gravity.
Other components of the solar system include:the 9 planets (Mercury, venus, earth mars, Jupiter Saturn, Uranus, Neptun and pluto)SatellitescommetsAsteroids etcThey are all held by gravity and move around the sun at different times and duration this movement is known as a revolution.
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analysis of an interference effect in a clear solid shows that the wavelength of light in the solid is 329 nm. knowing this light comes from a he-ne laser and has a wavelength of 633 nm in air, is the substance zircon or diamond?
The substance is zircon, of which interference analysis is done.
Wavelength of light in solid = λ = 329 nm
Wavelength of light from he-ne laser = λ' = 633 nm
Interference effect = n =
= n = λ' / λ
= n = 633 / 329
= n = 1.92
The interference, in physics, is the net effect of the combination of two or more wave trains moving on intersecting or coincident paths. The effect is that of the addition of the amplitudes of the individual waves at each point affected by more than one wave.
Thus the substance is zircon.
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