An aqueous solution of an unknown solute is tested with litmus paper and found to be basic. The solution is weakly conducting compared with a solution of NaCl of the same concentration. Which of the following substances could the unknown be:NaOHCH3COCH3NH3H3PO3HNO3

47542 amperes of electricity are needed to electrolyze Cu²⁺ to Cu  if 1.15 moles of Cu is produced in 4.8 seconds.

Using the formula w= zit

where w,

The quantity of power transported through the electrolyte directly correlates to the amount of material created at an electrode during electrolysis. W is the mass of substance produced at an electrode, and It. or W = ZIt.

W = Zit ( Q= I*t ) Where, Z = Electrochemical Equivalent. Z = atomic weight/nF (n = no. of electron, F = 96500 )

z= atomic weight/ nF

z= 63.5/ 2 * 96500

z= 0.00032

∴w = 0.00032 *i * 4.8

w= number of moles* molecular weight

w= 1.15 * 63.5

w= 73.025

73.025= 0.00032 * i * 4.8

i= 73.025/ 0.00032 * 4.8

i= 47542 ampere

Therefore 47542 amperes of electricity are needed to electrolyze Cu² to cu.

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In the Calvin-Benson cycle, 1 molecule of CO2 requires 3 molecules of NADPH for fixation.

This is because the Calvin-Benson cycle involves the reduction of CO2 to glucose, which requires three molecules of NADPH for the reduction reactions. NADPH is a type of coenzyme that helps in providing electrons for the reduction of CO2 to glucose. So, to fix one molecule of CO2 in the Calvin-Benson cycle, three molecules of NADPH are required.

Chemical equation: 3ATP + 2 NADPH2

Also known as the reductive pentose phosphate cycle or the C3 cycle, is a series of biochemical reactions that plants use to fix carbon dioxide and produce carbohydrates.

The cycle begins with the fixation of carbon dioxide into a glycerate 3-phosphate molecule, which is then reduced to a 3-carbon sugar molecule. The sugar molecule is then converted into other molecules such as fructose 6-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate, which are then used to form other molecules such as glucose and starch.

Complete question:

Using the chemical equation to help you, how many nadphs are required to fix one molecule of co2 in the calvin-benson cycle?

Chemical equation: 3ATP + 2 NADPH2

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There were no image given in the statement hence providing information about strongest base to weakest base.

Any base which can be completely dissociated in an aqueous solution is termed as Strong base.

Some examples of strong base are:

The Strongest base is known as ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion.

Any base  which can't be completely dissociated in an aqueous solution is termed as Weak base . Some examples of weak base are:

The weakest base can be water.

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a. Neutralization: strong acid and strong bases and strong acid and weak bases b. Acid and metal: sulphuric acid and nitric acid c. acid and metal oxide: basic oxides and neutral oxides.

Response to Neutralization: Strong acid and strong base reactions produce a salt that is neither acidic nor basic in nature, or neutral. For instance, sodium chloride and water are produced when HCl (hydrochloric acid), a powerful acid, combines with NaOH, a powerful base.

The interaction of H+ ions and OH- ions produces water in a neutralization reaction, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

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In comparison to hot working, cold working uses less heating, yields a better surface polish, has greater dimensional qualities, and has fewer contamination issues.

Heat is the energy transfer that happens as a result of the temperature differential between a system and its surroundings. Heat is the energy transmission that uses or stimulates disordered molecular motion in the environment at the molecular level. Heating is the result of the movement of kinetic energy from one media or item to another, or from an energy source to a medium or object. Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three possible mechanisms for this type of energy transmission. When the temperature rises, atoms and molecules move more quickly and collide, creating thermal energy (also known as heat energy). Thermal energy is the power that results from the heated object's temperature.

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Entropy is stated to diminish as a system switches from an ordered to a disordered layout, and vice versa. When randomness rises, ΔS  is positive.

Heat transport (delta Q) divided by temperature equals the change of entropy (delta ΔS ) (T). (Delta Q / T) = delta ΔS  If a physical process can be reversed, the entropy of the environment and the system will stay constant.

One thing to bear in mind when using any one of these equations in computations is that while ΔS  values are typically reported as J/K.mol, G and ΔH values are frequently reported in kJ/mol.

1. 2H30' (aq) + CO23- (aq) - CO2(g) +3H2O(1)

2. CH4(g) + 202,(g) - CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

3. Mg (s) + Cl2(g) - MgCǐ2(s)

4. SO3(g) + H2O(I) - H2SO4(I)

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Answer:

(AN) Ammonium nitrate ( 94% )

(FO) Diesel fuel ( 6% )

Explanation:

The empirical equation is C4H11O2.

Mass of C=1.900g CO2×12.01 g C/44.01g CO2=0.5185 g C

Mass of H=1.070g H2O×2.016 g H/18.02g H2O=0.1197 g H

Mass of C + Mass of H =0.5185 g + 0.1197 g =0.6382 g

This is less than the mass of the sample.

The missing mass must be caused by O.

Mass of O = 0.9827 g - 0.6382 g = 0.3445 g

Now, we must convert these masses to moles and find their ratios.

we get, The empirical formula is C4H11O2.

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a.they are unstable and highly reactive molecules. sometimes a particle of radiation penetrates a substance and continues on its way, and sometimes it doesn’t. for the particles that don’t make it through a substance.

The definition of radiation is energy that emanates from a source and moves at the speed of light through space. This energy has wave-like characteristics and is surrounded by an electric and magnetic field. Electromagnetic waves are another name for radiation. Our cells' DNA can be harmed by radiation. High radiation doses can result in cutaneous radiation injuries (CRI) or acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Cancer later in life may also result from high radiation doses. Radiation is the emission or transmission of energy as waves or particles through a material medium or through space.

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For a pure substance, two phases that are in thermodynamic equilibrium must share the same chemical potential. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which can be used to define the phase boundary between the phases, can be used for this.

At low temperatures and high pressure, the solid phase is preferred; at high temperatures and low pressure, the gas phase is preferred. The temperature and pressure ranges at which two phases can coexist in equilibrium are represented by the lines in a phase diagram.

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The elements with the strongest nonmetallic properties are located in the upper right side of the periodic table.

A non-metallic chemical element that may create anions, acid oxides, acids, and stable hydrogen compounds. Examples include boron, carbon, and nitrogen. It belongs to group 13 to 17.

Elements with 4, 5, or 7 electrons in their outermost shell are considered non-metals. Non-metals include things like carbon, oxygen, chlorine, etc.

Natural substances known as non-metals are brittle and thermally and electrically inert (can not be easily rolled, moulding, extruding or pressing). The non-metallic elements in the periodic table are hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, arsenic, and selenium.

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The change in kinetic energy when the object moves from x = 1. 00 m to x = 2. 00 m is -6.75J.

Given

Force [tex]$F(x)=2 x+x^3$[/tex]

Change in Potential Energy from x=1 to[tex]$x=2 \mathrm{~m}$[/tex] is given by

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& \Delta U=\int F(x) d x \\& \Delta U=\int_1^2 F(x) d x \\& \Delta U=\int_1^2\left(2 x+x^3\right) d x \\& \Delta U=\left|x^2+\frac{x^4}{4}\right|_1^2 \\& \Delta U=6.75 J\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

(b)Change in Kinetic Energy

If the Force is conservative in nature then the total change in mechanical energy is zero thus

Thus [tex]$\Delta K . E .=U_1-U_2=-\Delta U=-6.75 . J$[/tex]

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There are 6 hydrogens and 2 nitrogen when 3h2 reacts with N2 such that the equation follows the law of conservation of mass.

It is already balanced when N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). There are two nitrogens on the left and two on the right, as you can see. On the left, there are 6 hydrogens, and on the right, there are 6.

The law of conservation of mass, also known as the principle of mass conservation, in physics and chemistry states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time because the mass of the system cannot change and therefore quantity cannot be added to or subtracted.

According to the rule of conservation of mass, mass is neither generated nor destroyed during a chemical process. For instance, when coal is burned, the carbon atom in it transforms into carbon dioxide.

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Due to the activity series that is given in the image, the reaction that will not take place is FeCl₂ + Br₂ , thus, option A is correct.

From the nature of the question above, we must infer the response that won't happen and as such:

2NaI + Cl₂

Because chlorine can replace iodine, this reaction will take place. Chlorine is higher on the activity series, which explains why.

Sn + H₂SO₄

Due to the fact that tin (Sn) can dispense hydrogen from the acid, this reaction will take place.

FeCl₂ + Br₂

So, since Chlorine cannot be replaced by Bromine, this reaction won't take place. This is due to Bromine's lower position on the activity series than Chlorine.

Fe(NO₃)₃ + Al

Aluminum's ability to replace iron will cause this reaction to take place. This is so that Aluminum (Al) ranks higher than Iron in the activity series (Fe).

Therefore, one can say that the  reaction is thus: FeCl₂ + Br₂ ,

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Concentration of the original fe₂ solution is 0.16772 M.

What is Concentration?
Concentration in chemistry is calculated by dividing a constituent's abundance by the mixture's total volume. Mass concentration, molarity, number concentration, as well as volume concentration are four different categories of mathematical description. Any type of chemical mixture can be referred to by the term "concentration," but solutes but also solvents in solutions are most frequently mentioned. There are different types of molar (amount) concentration, including normal concentration as well as osmotic concentration. Concentration is frequently described qualitatively in everyday, non-technical language by using adjectives like "dilute" for solutions with a low concentration as well as "concentrated" for solutions with a high concentration.

Here, we have given two solution with their conc. and volume.
So, formula used to calculate conc. is
M1V1 = M2V2

let,
M1 = molarity of fe2
V1 = volume of fe2 used
M2 = molarity of ce4
V2 = volume of ce4 used
now, M1 X 20 = 0.1403 x 23.91
M1 = 0.1403 X 23.91 / 20
M1 = O.16772
Hence, the concentration of fe2 is 0.16772 M.

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Answer:

The main reason why air is cooled before nitrogen and oxygen are obtained is because these two gases are much more soluble in cold air than in warm air. As a result, if air were not cooled before these gases were separated, they would simply mix back together again.

If the surface concentration is 1018 atoms/cm3, the depth below the surface at which the concentration is 1017 atoms/cm3 is 0.32 cm.

The expression is as follows:

erf (x / 2 D t) = (Cs - Cx) / (Cs - Co)

where Cs = surface concentration = 1018 atoms/cm3

Cx = depth concentration = 1017 atoms/cm3

Co - solute concentration in solid

erf stands for error function.

(1018 - 1017) / 1018 = (Cs - Cx) / (Cs - Co)

= 0.00098

erf (x / 2 D t) = 0.00098

0.000868 = x / 2 √ 2 × 10⁻² × 5 (3600) (3600)

x = 0.32 cm

0.32 cm is the depth.

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One molecule of nh3 and one molecule of hcl combine to make NH4CL. Ionic compound describes it. In the process of neutralization, a basic solution balances out an acidic solution.

This keeps the pH at 7, which is a neutral value. The hydrogen ion and hydroxide ions are equal in this neutralized solution; nothing is in excess. Here, NH3 and HCl operate as a strong acid and a weak base, respectively, in a neutralization reaction that results in the formation of salt. The resultant salt's pH changes to 7 in this neutralization reaction. Titration aids in the neutralization's occurrence. An ionic compound in chemistry is a chemical complex made up of ions kept together by electrostatic forces is known as ionic compound.

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Nitrous oxide have longest atmospheric lifetime of 121 years.

What is atmospheric lifetime?

The period of time it takes for the atmosphere to return to equilibrium after a dramatic change in a species' atmospheric concentration is called its atmospheric lifetime.

The longest atmospheric life of nitrous oxide is 121 years.

Methane has approximately 12.4 years.

Due to its conversion into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide has even less energy.

Additionally, because carbon dioxide is not eliminated, its lifetime is not known.

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User Data is generally used to perform common automated configuration tasks and even run scripts after the instance starts. When you launch an instance in Amazon EC2, you can pass two types of user data - shell scripts and cloud-init directives. You can also pass this data into the launch wizard as plain text or as a file.

In general, a configuration is the arrangement of the components that make up a whole, or the act of creating that arrangement. A configuration, or particular shape, is produced when objects are placed in any spatial arrangement. As an illustration, scientists refer to a configuration as the particular, bound arrangement of atoms that forms a molecule.

Text, observations, figures, photos, numbers, graphs, and symbols can all be used as forms of data. Individual prices, weights, addresses, ages, names, temperatures, dates, or distances, for instance, could be included in the data. Data is an unprocessed type of knowledge and has no meaning or use by itself.

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The electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.0, while that of oxygen is 3.5.

Electronegativity is a chemical property that describes an atom's or functional group's tendency to attract electrons toward itself. An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance between its valence electrons and the charged nuclei.

It governs the distribution of shared electrons between two atoms in a bond. The greater an atom's electronegativity, the more strongly it attracts electrons in its bonds. The electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.0, while that of oxygen is 3.5. Because the difference in electronegativities is 1.5, water is a polar covalent molecule. This means that electrons are strongly attracted to the more electronegative element, but the atoms are not ionized.

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2.19 liters of oxygen at 350 °C and at 5.25 atm are needed to convert 5.00 g of S to SO₃.

Using the equation-  S + 3/2 O₂ → SO₃

Moles of sulfur- 5/32 = 0.15 mol

Given the stoichiometry, we require- 3/2 * 0.5

Mol of dioxygen gas = 0.225 mol.

And now we solve for volume in the Ideal Gas equation as V = nRT /PV

The equation of state for a fictitious ideal gas is known as the ideal gas law, sometimes known as the generic gas equation. Although it has some restrictions, it is a good approximation of the behavior of numerous gases under various circumstances. Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron introduced it for the first time in 1834 as a synthesis of the empirical Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. The empirical form of the ideal gas law is frequently used:

PV=nRT

∴V = nRT /PV

⇒0.225 mol x 0.0821L atm K⁻¹ x 623 K / 5.25

⇒V= 2.19  L

Hence, 2.19 Liters of oxygen at 350 °C and at 5.25 atm are needed to convert 5.00 g of S to SO₃.

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To calculate the amount of heat needed to melt ice;

Q = w x Cp x ∆T {where Cp is specific heat of material}

  =100.0g (4.186J/g°c) (-60°C)

  =-25116J

Heat lost by water is gained by ice,

q = m*ΔH

-25116J = m*333J/g

q = -75.4

Therefore, Mass of ice is 75.4 g.

What is mass?

It is a dimensionless quantity that expresses a particle or object's mass. The accepted unit of mass under the International System (SI) is the kilogram.

What is temperature?

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles inside an object. The temperature increases cause these particles to move more quickly. It is possible to measure temperature using a thermometer or a calorimeter.

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A ketone is a functional group in organic chemistry with the formula R-C(=O)-R', where R and R' can be any number of carbon-containing substituents. A carbonyl group, or C(=O)-, or carbon-oxygen double bond, is present in ketones.

What is reagent?

Reagents are substances or mixtures that are added to a system in order to start a chemical reaction or determine whether one has already happened. A reagent can be used to test for the presence of a certain chemical by generating a reaction with it.

Reagents can be substances or combinations. Small inorganic or organic molecules make up the majority of compounds in organic chemistry. The Grignard reagent, the Tollens reagent, the Collins reagent, the Fehling reagent, and the Fenton reagent are examples of reagents. To be used as a reagent, a chemical does not necessarily need to contain the word "reagent" in its name.

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2.8 moles of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) are needed to neutralize 1.4 moles of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), considering that the balanced equation of the reaction between NaHCO3 and H2SO4 in the car battery is

2NaHCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

It is observed in the stoichiometric ratio of the reaction that for every 2 moles of NaHCO3, 1 of H2SO4 is needed.

Therefore, only a rule of three is required to determine how many moles of NaHCO3 are needed to neutralize 1.4 mol of H2SO4

2 mol of NaHCO3 ----------- 1 mol of H2SO4

X mol of NaHCO3 --------- 1.4 mol of H2SO4

X = 1.4 x 2 / 1 = 2.8 moles

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It would increase the rate by four times.

The charge of a chemical response is described because the exchange within the concentration of a reactant or a product over the alternate in time, and attention is in moles per liter, or molar, and time is in seconds. So we express the fee of a chemical reaction in molar according to second.

Reactant concentration, the bodily nation of the reactants, and surface area, temperature, and the presence of a catalyst are the 4 principal elements that affect response charge.

There are four factors that affect the price (pace) of a chemical response: temperature, concentration, particle length, use of a catalyst.

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The formula of ionic compound forming face centered cubic lattice will be AB₃

The face centered cubic lattice has atom  present at corner as well as all the faces of unit cell. suppose the we have two atom A and B forming FCC.

Atom present in corner contribute = 1/8

Atom present in face contribute = 1/2

A atom present in the corner = 8 x 1/8

A atom = 1 atom

B atom present in the faces of unit cell = 6 x 1/2

B atom = 3 atom

Chemical formula of ionic compound = AB₃

Hence, ionic compound exist in AB₃ formula in FCC.

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Calcite (caco3) is a crystal with exceptionally significant birefringence when a light wave travels through one medium to another. The right responses to the question are 42.28 and 37.08 degrees.

What do crystals and examples mean?

A few examples of everyday objects that are crystals include table salt, also known as sodium chloride and halite crystals, sugar, sometimes known as sucrose, and snowflakes. Several gemstones, such as diamond and quartz, are composed of crystals. There are numerous compounds that resemble crystals but are actually polycrystals.

Is crystal a gem?

"A crystal can't be a gemstone, but a diamond can be a crystal." In contrast to sugar, which is a gemstone but not a crystal,

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Due to the creation of complicated potassium aluminate, this reaction is complex.

The FDA classifies potassium alum as a chemical that is generally acknowledged as safe (GRAS). It is an inorganic salt with the formula AlK(SO4)2, sometimes known as potassium aluminum sulfate.

Nowadays, potassium sulfate is added to a concentrated solution of aluminium sulfate to create potassium alum in an industrial setting. Typically, sulfuric acid is used to process minerals like cryolite, bauxite, and alum schist to produce aluminum sulfate.

Breif:

2 Al ( s ) Aluminium + 2 KOH ( aq ) Potassium hydroxide + 6 H 2 O ( l ) Water → 2 K [ Al ( OH ) 4 ] ( aq ) Tetrahydroxoaluminate ( III ) or Potassium aluminate + 3 H 2 ( g ) Hydrogen.

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Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Therefore, the pressure in atm and torr is 148.2 atm and 1,12,632 torr respectively.

Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature. There is no force of attraction between the particles.

pressure= 14.82 mpa

              = 14.82 × 10⁶ pa

1 atm = 10⁵ pa

1 Pa = 1/10⁵ atm

pressure= 14.82 × 10⁶× 1/10⁵ atm

              = 148.2 atm

1 atm = 760 torr

pressure= 148.2 ×760 torr

              = 1,12,632 torr

Therefore, the pressure in atm and torr is 148.2 atm and 1,12,632 torr respectively.

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