The resulting solution's molarity containing chloride ions is equivalent to 0.156 M in the equation that follows.
What foods are high in chloride?Saltwater and sea salt both include chloride in the form of sodium chloride. Additionally, many veggies contain it. Kelp, rye, tomato, lettuce, onions, and olives are among foods that contain more chloride than others. But lot of meals also include chloride and potassium.
Briefing:Given the calcium chloride solution:
CaCl₂⇒Ca²+2Cl⁻
Given that calcium chloride has to have a molarity of 0.1 M
The solution's chloride ion concentration is 2 x 0.1 x 0.2 M.
The solution's volume is V = 50 ml, or 0.05 L.
Chloride has a molecular weight of 0.2 x 0.05 x 0.001 mol.
0.400 g of NaCl were added to the mixture.
From NaCl, there are 0.4/58.5 = 0.0068 moles of chloride.
Total number of chloride ions in moles is equal to 0.001 plus 0.0068, or 0.0078 mol.
The total solution's volume is 50 ml, or 0.05 L.
The final solution's chloride ion molarity is:
M = 0.0078/0.05
Molarity = 0.156 M
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How much energy does it take to melt 50g of ice at 0°C?
Answer:
How much energy does it take to melt 50g of ice at 0°C?
The amount of energy required to melt 50g of ice at 0°C is approximately 334 Joules.
A mixture of 12.0 g of helium gas and 24.0 g of o2 is stored in a 5.00 l container and temperature of 25.0 celsius what are the partial pressures of helium and oxygen and what is the total pressure in the container
As a result, the total pressure inside the container was 66 atm, which is the partial pressure of helium and oxygen.
What is helium gas?Chemical element helium has the atomic number 2 and the symbol He. It is the first member of the noble gas group in the periodic table and is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas. Two electrons, two protons, and typically two neutrons make up the element helium. It is an inert gas that has no color or smell. The byproduct of both fusion and fission is helium. Helium was found in the sun's spectrogram for the first time in 1868.
What is helium used for and who created helium?The most well-known application of helium is as a secure, inflammable gas used to inflate balloons for celebrations and parades. Helium is a crucial element in a variety of industries, including national defense, high-tech manufacturing, medical technology, and scientific research.
Discovery of helium on August 18 and October 20, 1868. Helium was discovered by Joseph Norman Lockyer and Pierre Janssen (top and bottom). Helium, which is produced by the radioactive decay of atoms like uranium, is the second most plentiful element in the observable universe but is very uncommon on Earth.
Briefing:As a result, the partial pressures of the component gases are added to determine the overall pressure of the gas mixture: The total number of moles in the gas mixture, or ntot, is equal to the sum of all ni. Ptot = Pi = P1 + P2 + P3...
Ptot = ∑Pi = P1 + P2 + P3
=12+24+5+25
=66atm
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if the sample of chips used to make the filtrate weighed 75.5 kg , how much nacl nacl is present in one serving (155 gg ) of chips?
The amount of table salt in one serving or 155g of chips is 0.608g if the sample of chips used to make the filtrate weighed 75.5 kg.
By undergoing titration by Mohr's method with AgNO₃ and KCl, The chemical reaction is given by,
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) --> AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
No moles of KCI are given by W/G.M.Wt
= 0.5/74.55
= 0.006707 moles of KCI
Then, from the reaction,
no of moles of KCI = no of moles of AgNO₃
Therefore,
molarity of AgNO₃ = no of moles/volume in L
= 0.006707/0.0625
= 0.107312M
47.2 ml of AgNO₃ solution to precipitate all of the chlorides.
Then, no of moles of Cl⁻ = molarity x volume in L
On substituting,
= 0.107312*0.0472
= 0.005065 moles
no of moles of Cl⁻ = no of moles of NaCl
mass of NaCl = no of moles of NaCl x gram molar mass of NaCl
= 0.005065 x 58.5
= 0.2963g of NaCl
155/75.5. = 2.05298013 chips
2.05298013x 0.2963 = 0.608298013 g
Therefore, 0.608g of NaCl is in 115g of chips.
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a mixture of neon and helium gases, at a total pressure of 798 mm hg, contains 3.93 grams of neon and 0.228 grams of helium. what is the partial pressure of each gas in the mixture?
A mixture of neon and helium gases, at a total pressure of 798 mm hg, contains 3.93 grams of neon and 0.228 grams of helium. the partial pressure of each gas in the mixture is neon = 6146.46 mmHg and helium = 175.56 mmHg.
given that :
total pressure = 798 mmHg
mass of neon = 3.93 g
mass of helium = 0.228 g
moles of neon = mass / molar mass
= 3.93 / 20
=0.196 mol
moles of helium = 0.228 / 4 = 0.057 mol
total moles = 0.253
mole fraction of neon = 0.196 / 0.253
= 0.77
mole fraction of helium = 0.057 / 0.253 = 0.22
the partial pressure of neon = mole fraction × total pressure
= 0.77 × 798
= 614.46 mmHg
the partial pressure of the helium = mole fraction × total pressure
= 0.22 × 798
= 175.56 mmHg
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a reaction is half complete after 20 minutes. after 40 minutes, the reaction is twothirds complete. when will the reaction be 90% complete?
A reaction is half complete after 20 minutes. after 40 minutes, the reaction is two thirds complete. the reaction be 90% complete is 180 minutes.
the half life expression is given as :
1 / [A] = 1 / [A]o + kt
[A] is the concentration of reactant at time t. The starting reactant concentration is 1 M.
t1/2 = 1 / k[A]o
20 min = 1 / k(1)
k = 0.050 min
1 / [A] = 1 / [A]o + kt
1 / [A] = 1 / 1 + ( 0.050 × 40 min)
[A] = 0.33 M
this means the reaction is two third complete. when the reaction is 90 % and [A] = 0.100 M. then,
1 / [A] = 1 / [A]o + kt
1 / 0.100 M = 1 / 1 + ( 0.050 ) t
t = 9 / 0.050
t = 180 min
Thus the time is 180 min.
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What is the volume of 4.5 moles a gas that is kept at Standard Atmospheric Pressure (1 atm) and 298K?
According to the ideal gas law, the volume of 4.5 moles a gas that is kept at Standard Atmospheric Pressure (1 atm) and 298 K is 11,149.074 L.
What is ideal gas law?The ideal gas law is a equation which is applicable in a hypothetical state of an ideal gas.It is a combination of Boyle's law, Charle's law,Avogadro's law and Gay-Lussac's law . It is given as, PV=nRT where R= gas constant whose value is 8.314.The law has several limitations.
Substituting the values in the above equation V= 4.5×8.314×298/1=11,149.074 L.
Thus, the volume of 4.5 moles a gas that is kept at Standard Atmospheric Pressure (1 atm) and 298 K is 11,149.074 L.
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Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The major organic of the following reaction is optically active. 1. BH 3. THE 2. H2O2, NaOH O True O False
True : The major organic of the following reaction is optically active. 1. BH 3. THF 2. H2O2 4.NaOH .
What is Optically active compound?The compounds which have the property to move(rotate) the plane of polarization of plane polarized lights is termed as Optically active compound. The compound that rotate the plane clockwise (to the right) are termed as dextrorotatory.
What is Plane of polarization?
Plane of polarization indicates to the direction in which linearly polarized lights are polarized.
Hence, True : The major organic of the following reaction is optically active. 1. BH 3. THF 2. H2O2 4.NaOH .
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what volume (in ml) of water must you add to 50.0 ml of a 0.600 m libr solution to produce a 0.145 m solution? assume the volumes are additive.
The formula MaVa=MbVb is used in this dilution problem. The initial 50.00 mL solution needs to be diluted from 0.600 M to 0.145 M by the addition of 0.597 mL.
How to solve?The formula MaVa=MbVb is used
Ma=0.600M
Va=50.00ml
Mb=0.145M
Vb=(50.00+Xml)
MaVa=MbVb
(0.600)(50.00)=(0.145)(50.00+X)
30.00-0.145=(50.00+X)
29.85/50.00=X
X=0.597 ml
When a solution is diluted, which of the following remains constant?When a solution is diluted, which of the following remains constant? Dilution has no effect on the solute concentration in a solution. The moles of the solute do not change when a solvent is added to a solution, but the concentration of the solution (in molarity and in all other units) and its volume do.
How do you dilute a solution's concentration?Taking a solution of higher concentration and gradually adding water until the desired concentration is obtained is a typical technique for creating a solution of a specific concentration. This process is called dilution.
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when an electron in an atom of hydrogen moves forom the second to the first principal energy leve, the result is the emisson of
when an electron in an atom of hydrogen moves from the second to the first principal energy leave, the result is the emission of energy.
Energy, which is observable in the execution of labour as well as in the form of heat and light, is the quantitative quality that is transferred to a body or to a physical system in physics. Energy is a preserved resource; according to the rule of conservation of energy, energy can only be transformed from one form to another and cannot be created or destroyed.
It is released when electron jump back from higher energy state to lower energy state.
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Student a says the δ h value of an exothermic energy change is always positive. Student b says δ h value of an exothermic energy change is always negative. Who is correct?.
Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius of one gram of a substance . Therefore, student a and student b are correct.
How does chemistry define temperature?The free energy from all of the particles or atoms in a substance is what chemists refer to as the substance's temperature. The kinetic energy of a substance's constituent particles varies.
Briefing :
q = n ×ΔH
where
q = amount of heat
n = no of moles
ΔH = enthalpy
n = w / M.M
Both students are correct as energy can be positive as well as negative. Any reaction in which energy is added, energy value comes out to be positive and reaction is called endothermic reaction. Any reaction in which energy is released, energy value comes out to be negative and reaction is called exothermic reaction.
Therefore, student a and student b are correct.
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Metal carbonyls, which have the general formula M(CO)x (x can be various possible subscripts depending on the particular metal used), are important intermediates in the purification and reactivity of transition metals. Consider the following synthesis of an unknown metal carbonyl, with the indicated equilibrium constant. M (s) + x CO (g) --> M(CO)x (g) Kp = 0.133 If you add an unknown amount of the metal and carbon monoxide gas to an empty reaction flask, and at equilibrium the pressure of carbon monoxide is 2.28 atm and metal carbonyl is 7.80 atm, what was the initial pressure of carbon monoxide that you added?
Metal carbonyls are characterized as volatile, low-melting-point compounds. They are created from the compound Mx(Co)y, which upon heating breaks down into metal and carbon monoxide. Contact with the skin can make them toxic.
In some cases, such as in nickel tetracarbonyl (Ni(CO)4), these complexes are homoleptic and only contain CO ligands, but more frequently, metal carbonyls are heteroleptic and contain a variety of ligands. Mononuclear metal carbonyls have a single metal atom at their core.
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Volume of the unknown AgNO3 solution =52.500 mL Mass of AgCl (s) 0.0143321 g (initial) 0.214981 g (final) Mole of AgCl = 0.00149999 Calculate mole and mass of AgNO3 in the 10 mL unknown solution based on the following reaction equation: NaCllaq) AgNO3aq) NaNO3aq) AgCl(s) Mole of AgNO3 in the 10 mL unknown solution Mass of AgNO3 in the 10 mL unknown solution Calculate mass of AgNO3 in the original unknown solution based on its volume Mass of AgNO3 in the original unknown solution Post Lab Assignments 1.A gravimetric analysis is done with an unknown sample containing MgSO4. A 0.5020-g solid mixture is dissolved in water and treated with an excess of Ba(NO3)2, resulting in the precipitation of 0.6168 g of BaS04 MgSO4(aq)+Ba(NO3)2(aq) _BaSO4(s)+Mg(NO3)2(a What is the mass of MgSO4 in the mixture?
The mass of AgNO₃ in 52.50g of the solution is 1.2485g.
NaCl + AgNO₃ = AgCl + NaNO₃
(10ml unknown)
Initial moles of AgCl
Mass/Molar mass
= 0.01433219/143.32 g/mol
= 1x 10⁻⁴ mol
Initial final moles of AgCl = 0.2149819/143.32 g/mol
= 1.5X 10⁻³ mol
So, Moles of AgCl are obtained by the reaction.
= 1.5×10⁻³ - 1x10⁻⁴
= 1.4 X 10⁻³ mol
from reacting stoichiometry
Moles of AgCl = Moles of AgNO₃
So, Moles of AgNO₃ in the 10ml of unknown solution = Moles of AgCl formed
= 1.4 x 10⁻³ mol
Mass of AgNO₃ in 10ml of an unknown solution
= Moles X Molar mass
= 1.4x 10⁻³ mol X 169.87 g/mol
= 0.237828g
= 0.247g
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if 42.6 ml of a 0.140 m koh solution is required to titrate 20.0 ml of a h2so4 solution, what is the molarity of the h2so4 solution
The molarity of the h2so4 solution is 0.149mol/l.
What is molarity?
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution is known as molarity or molar concentration. It is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the total volume of liters of solution.
What is titration?
Titration is the steady addition of a known concentration solution (called a titrant) to a known volume of an unknown concentration solution until the reaction approaches neutrality, which is sometimes signaled by a color change.
According to the question,
2 KOH + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2 H2O
No. moles [tex]NaOH[/tex] = [tex]\frac{42.6 * 0.14}{1000}[/tex][tex]\frac{42.6 * 0.14}{1000}[/tex] = [tex]5.96 * 10^-^3[/tex]
From the equation we can see that the no. moles of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] must be half that amount so:
No. of moles [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] = [tex]5.96 * 10^-^3[/tex] / 2 = [tex]2.98 * 10^-^3[/tex]
[tex]c = \frac{n}{v}[/tex] So,
[tex][H_2SO_4][/tex] = [tex]\frac{2.98 * 10^-^3}{20 * 10^-^3}[/tex] = 0.149mol/l
The molarity of the h2so4 solution is 0.149mol/l.
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remediation of indoor air pollution problems involve modifications of box model parameters that result in concentration reductions. for example, reduction of the source rate directly reduces concentration. what do ventilation and the use of air cleaners have in common with respect to the box model?
They both reduce the residence time of pollutants ventilation and the use of air cleaners have in common with respect to the box model.
Any chemical or energy that is put into the environment and has unintended effects or negatively impacts the use of a resource is considered a pollutant or new entity. These can be created either naturally (such as minerals or extracted chemicals like oil) or artificially (due to human activity) (i.e. manufactured materials or byproducts from biodegradation). When pollutants are present at levels that have a major negative influence on the environment or public health, they become pollutants.
By altering the rate of animal or plant species' growth, or by affecting people's amenities, comfort, health, or property values, a pollution may cause long-term or short-term damage. Because they biodegrade, some contaminants won't last very long in the environment.
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to what volume should you dilute 25ml of a 10m sulfuric acid solution to obtain a .150 m sulfuric acid solution
Solvent volume is 1642 ml. you create a.150 m sulfuric acid solutions by diluting 25 ml of a 10 m sulfuric acid solution.
Sulfuric acid: What is it?Oily liquid sulfuric acid is colorless. With the discharge of heat, it dissolves in water. It corrodes flesh and metals. On contact, it will scorch wood and the majority of other organic materials, although it is unlikely to start a fire.
What will happen if you get sulfuric acid on you?Sulfuric acid exposure can happen through consumption, skin contact, physical contact, breathing polluted air, and ingestion. Sulfuric acid can irritate the mouth and throat, burn your eyes, burn a hole in the gut if eaten, cause serious skin burns, and make breathing difficult if inhaled.
Briefing:Since this is a dilution question the equation to use is; C1V1=C2V2
C₁ = Initial concentration =10M
V₁ = Initial volume = 25ml
C₂ = Final concentration = 0.150M
V₂ = Final volume = ?
V₂ = C₁V₁/C₂
V₂ = 10.0M * 25 ml / 0.150m
V₂ = 1667 ml
Volume of solvent = 1667 - 25
=1642ml
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Voice-over artists lend their voices to movie trailers, animated films, and commercials. Voice-overs are typically recorded in small studios, like the one shown in the photograph, where acoustic foam covers the walls. The porous foam is designed with an irregular surface.
6. Using your knowledge of the reflection, absorption, and transmission of mechanical waves, Why do you think the foam is used, and how do you think it functions?
in the photograph, where acoustic foam covers the walls. The porous foam is designed with an irregular surface and the reason for the use of foam such as acoustic foam is that Smaller, quieter offices might only need a few installations, while more hectic environments might call for a whole acoustic paneling system.
What does foaming provide as a means of?A group of small bubbles known as foam are produced by foaming chemicals. To generate foam, though, you also need water and air. The real function of foam is to prolong the time that a filthy surface is in touch with it, giving wetting agents, detergents, and degreasers time to work.
Therefore, note that acoustic panel is a sound-absorbing panel used to lessen echo and reverberation in a space as well as background noise. We use the term "acoustic panel" in the broadest sense possible, which includes both vertical and horizontal panels.
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the bond angle marked a in the following molecule is about . question 24 options: a) 109.5 b) 180 c) 60 d) 120 e) 90
The bond angle marked a in the following molecule is about 120. The atomic configuration of a molecule in three dimensions is known as molecular geometry.
Bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles, and any other geometrical factors that affect each atom's position are all included in this, along with the molecule's overall form. In a complex molecule or ion, the angle between two orbitals that contain bonding electron pairs, or bonds, that are arranged around the centre atom is referred to as the bond angle.
A molecule is a collection of two or more atoms bonded together by the attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on the context, this definition may or may not contain ions. The number of atoms that make up a molecule might vary. If there are multiple atoms, they may all be the same atom or they may all be different.
the complete question is:
The bond angle marked a in the following molecule (H4C2O2N) is about.
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an atom is made up of a positively-charged nucleus surrounded by negatively-charged electrons. the atom is neutral when there are equal numbers of protons and electrons. ions are formed when there are unequal numbers of protons and electrons in an atom. a positive ion is called a cation whereas a negative ion is called an anion.
To write the correct notation for the particular anion or cation, one should know/remember the atomic number of that particular atom, which is a electrons no.around the nucleus. For eg. Phosphorus (P) at.no. is 15
now P^+3 means phosphorus is lost 3e- then total e- will be 12e- around the nucleus
and P^-3 means phosphorus is gaining 3e- the we need to add 3e- to its at. no.
similarly we can write for any anion or cation based on its atomic no. and its oxidation states
(i) 12+ => Mg, 15+ => P
(a) Mg
(b) Mg^2+
(c) P
(d) Mg^2-
(e) P^3+
(f) P^3-
(ii) Be^2+ = He, N^3- = Ne, Mg^2+ = Ne, S^2- = Ar, Al^3+ = Ne, Br^- = Kr, Se^2 = Kr
(iii) Ion has 54 electrons, charge +2
=> atomic number = number of protons = 54 + 2 = 56
Element is Ba
Vitamin D receptor activation is known to enhance calcium and phosphorus absorption in the small intestine and to mildly increase calcium and phosphorus resorption in the skeleton as well as calcium absorption in the kidney [9].
Unattached or attached to an atom, an electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle (not bound). One of the three main types of particles inside an atom, along with protons and neutrons, is an electron that is linked to the atom.
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After completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of __________.
A. acetyl CoA
B. ATP
C. CO2
D. FADH2
E. NADH
After completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of B. ATP
The most basic kind of sugar, monosaccharides only have one kind of sugar molecule. The simplest sugar is glucose, which is also your body's primary energy source. In tests to determine blood sugar levels, sugar is measured. Fructose and galactose, two more monosaccharides, are converted into glucose via metabolism ( 1 , 2 ). For instance, ATP is necessary for both breathing and keeping your heart beating. As well as assisting in the synthesis of lipids and nerve impulses, ATP also facilitates the entry and exit of certain molecules from cells. Even some living things, including bioluminescent creatures like jellyfish and fireflies, use ATP to create light!
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Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample the particles in a liquid lava sample.
Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample the particles in a liquid lava sample are moving faster.
Lava is a mixture of the elements silicon, oxygen, aluminum, iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and titanium, as well as other elements in very minute amounts. Consider reading the background material in Minerals, Magma, and Volcanic Rocks. Lava is a liquid that solidifies into rock when it cools. BACKGROUND: On the surface of the earth, lava is a liquid form of molten rock. Extreme heat inside the Earth's crust causes lava to develop, which then explodes to create volcanoes. Geothermal energy can be extracted and used in a variety of ways because it can be found on the Earth's surface in various forms (such as dry heat, steam vents, lava, and geysers).
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if the enthalpy released in a reaction is -220 kj/mol, what is the heat released when .25 moles of the substance a reacts?
The amount of heat released is -55 kJ which can be calculated using the number of moles and the enthalpy of vaporization.
At constant pressure, the amount of heat that is released or absorbed is identical to the enthalpy change.
It can be expressed as follows:
q= ΔHvap
Here, q represents the heat change and ΔHvap represents the enthalpy change.
The amount of heat released can be calculated as follows:
q= ΔHvap×n
q=(-220 kJ/mol)×0.25 mol
q=-55 kJ
Therefore, the amount of heat released is -55 kJ.
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Which of the following is a paleoclimate proxy? O A Written temperature records from the summer of 1863 OB Measurements of fossilized tree rings from the Cretaceous period O c A database of satellite temperature data, from 1970 through present © D All of the above
Option B is correct which is Measurements of fossilized tree rings from the Cretaceous period is a paleoclimate proxy.
The study of past climates ("paleoclimatology"), climate proxies are preserved physical characteristics of the past that stand in for direct meteorological measurements and enable scientists to reconstruct the climatic conditions over a longer fraction of the Earth's history. Reliable global records of climate only began in the 1880s, and proxies provide the only means for scientists to determine climatic patterns before record-keeping began.
A large number of climate proxies have been studied from a variety of geologic contexts. Examples of proxies include stable isotope measurements from ice cores, growth rates in tree rings, species composition of sub-fossil pollen in lake sediment or foraminifera in ocean sediments, temperature profiles of boreholes, and stable isotopes and mineralogy of corals and carbonate speleothems.
Proxies can be combined to produce temperature reconstructions longer than the instrumental temperature record and can inform discussions of global warming and climate history. The geographic distribution of proxy records, just like the instrumental record, is not at all uniform, with more records in the northern hemisphere.[3]
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According to the collision model, why does increasing the temperature increase the rate of a reaction?.
As temperature rises, more collisions with sufficient energy can take place, triggering the reaction due to increase in the kinetic energy. This concept is predicted by Collission theory. Collision theory helps scientists predict the rate of various chemical reactions. Collision theory helps scientists predict the rate of various chemical reactions. According to this theory, the number of successful collisions is related to the speed or rate of the chemical reaction
What is collision model?
The collision model states that a chemical reaction can only happen when reactant molecules, atoms, or ions meet with enough kinetic energy and in the right direction.
The main requirement for a collision model is that for a reaction to occur, the reactant particles (atoms or molecules) must collide and interact with each other in some way. This idea is used to explain many of the observations made about chemical kinetics.
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list all possible downward transitions for an electron in the 3d state. remember the selection rules!
All possible downward transitions for an electron in the 3d state are 1s 2s 2p 3s and 3p
In chemistry, the transition state of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate. It is usually defined as the state corresponding to the highest potential energy along this reaction coordinate. It is often marked with the double dagger
In an atom, electrons can transition up or down depending on whether they absorb energy or emit energy. Electrons naturally want to be in the lowest possible energy state.
In an atom, electrons can transition up or down depending on whether they absorb energy or emit energy. Electrons naturally want to be in the lowest possible energy state.
Downward transitions would be possible to any lower energy level than the one the electron starts in, so all possible downward transitions for an electron in the 3d state are 1s 2s 2p 3s and 3p.
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true or false: the outer orbitals of a halogen are further from the nucleus and are thereby more polarizable.
False, A halogen's outer orbitals are more polarizable since they are located further from the nucleus.
What commonalities in the halogens' electron configuration are there?You'll see that the outer shells of the atoms fluorine and chlorine both have seven electrons. All the halogens share that property of having seven electrons. All of them are only one electron short of having complete shells.
Why is it challenging to take an electron out of a halogen?Ionization force It is the amount of energy needed to separate one mole of gaseous atoms from one mole of electrons. Non-metals called halogens have seven valence electrons. Due to their lack of a tendency to lose electrons, halogens have exceptionally high ionization energies.
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Nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. A nuclide decays in 3. 40 days from 45. 0 g to 12. 1 g. What is the rate constant for the nuclide?.
The rate constant for the nuclide is 0.388
What is nuclear?
Atomic nuclei can transform into new nuclei, and this process is the subject of nuclear chemistry. Nuclear processes cause the atom itself to change. Nuclear reactions are accompanied by changes in energy, just like regular chemical processes.
Nuclear chemistry is the study of internal atomic or nuclear processes. There are many research fields where nuclear chemists can be found, such as nuclear engineering or nuclear imaging in medicine (in power generation).
The rate constant for a first-order reaction is determined by the following equation:
k = -ln(A/A0)/t
where A is the final amount of the nuclide, A0 is the initial amount of the nuclide, and t is the time.
Therefore, the rate constant for the nuclide is:
k = -ln(12.1/45.0)/3.40 = 0.388
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draw two lewis structures (one of which contains only single bonds) for the phosphate ion, po43–. which is the more important structure according to formal charge rules? multiple choice question. the more important structure contains a double bond, resulting in a formal charge of zero on p, 0 on the doubly bonded o, and –1 on other o atoms. the more important structure contains a double bond, resulting in a formal charge of zero on p, –1 on the doubly bonded o, and 0 on other o atoms. the more important structure contains all single bonds, resulting in a formal charge of 1 on p, and –1 on the o atoms. the more important structure contains all single bonds, resulting in a formal charge of 0 on p, and –1 on the o atoms.
Extra crucial systems incorporate a double bond, ensuing in a formal price of 0 on P, zero at the double-bonded O, and -1 on different O atoms.
Bond length or bond distance is defined due to the common distance among nuclei of bonded atoms in a molecule. it's miles a transferable belonging of a bond between atoms of consistent kinds, surprisingly independent of the relaxation of the molecule.
The bond period is defined due to the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of bonded atoms in a molecule. the larger the size of the atom, the longer the bond duration.
The longest bond is considered to be a carbon-carbon bond, found in diamonds. Its length is 154 pm. The carbon atoms bonded via covalent bonds.
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if the final pressure is 1.76 atm , what was the initial pressure? express your answer in atmospheres.
The average reservoir pressure just before the initiation of a flame event, as well as the greatest normal operating pressure at a specific point in the system.
What is a good instance of pressure?
Holding a knife against a piece of fruit will demonstrate pressure in an easy way. It won't cut the surface of the fruit if you press the flat part of the knife against it. A sizable area is affected by the force (low pressure)
What are the many sorts of pressure?
The force applied physically to an object is referred to as pressure. Per unit area, the force is applied perpendicularly to the surfaces of the objects. The fundamental pressure formula is F/A. (Force per unit area). measure of pressure
Briefing:
W = 352 joule & n = 0.325 & T by kelvin = 22+273 = 295 K & Pf= 1.76
352 = (0.325 x 8.314 x 295)㏑(Pi/Pf)
∴㏑(Pi/Pf) = -352 / (0.325 x 8.314 x 295)
㏑(Pi/Pf) = - 0.44
Pi/Pf = 0.644
∴ Pi =1.76 x 0.644 = 1.13 atm
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where does the ring oxygen come from when converting a fisher projection for an aldehyde into a haworth structure?
The O from carbon 5 becomes the O in the ring when converting a fisher projection for an aldehyde into a haworth structure.
Once you know a few strategies, changing a Fischer projection to a Haworth projection is not too difficult.
If the OH is on the right side of the Fischer for C-2, C-3, and C-4, it will be lower in the Haworth. If it is on the Fischer's left side, it will be higher up in the Haworth.
Draw the C-5 CH₂OH pointing up if the sugar is D.
Draw the C-1 OH pointing downward for the alpha for D-sugars (and up for the beta)
To further understand the stereochemistry on the ring, a bond rotation on the C5 carbon is helpful. A bond rotation is accomplished by switching any three groups on a carbon. We'll therefore do the following three "moves":
H → OH
CH₂OH, OH
CH₂OH→ H
The C5-OH is no longer pointing downward after rotation; it is now to the side. Because of the tetrahedral structure of the carbon, I depicted the bond in the picture below as "dashed." I further dashed the C2-C1 bond.
This gives us the opportunity to depict the C5-OH attacking the carbonyl carbon and rupturing the C1-O pi link to generate a new O-C1 single bond.
We now have one of two rings after proton transfer, which we can represent as Haworth projections.
Hence, The O from carbon 5 becomes the O in the ring.
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in aqueous solution, glucose equilibrates between two cyclic forms and an open chain form. at equilibrium what percentage of each form is present?
At equilibrium, the percentage of each form of glucose present in the aqueous solution depends on the pH of the solution.
At a pH of about 0-4, the open-chain form of glucose (aldose) is the dominant form and is present in a concentration of about 95%.
At a pH of about 5-7, the cyclic forms of glucose (aldohexoses) are the dominant form and are present in a concentration of about 60-70%.
At a pH of 8 or higher, the open-chain form of glucose is again the dominant form, being present in a concentration of about 95%.
The percentage of each form of glucose present in any aqueous solution is also affected by the presence of other molecules and ions in the solution, as well as the temperature and pressure.
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