a sample of a compound that contains only the elements C,H and N is completely burned in O2 to produce 44g of CO2, 45g of H2O, and some NO2. A possible empirical formula of the compound is A. CH2N B.CH5N C.C2H5N D.C3H3N2

Answer:

B. CH₅N

Explanation:

The combustion reaction of a compound CₐHₓNₙ with O₂ is:

CₐHₓNₙ + O₂ → a CO₂ + X/2 H₂O + n NO₂

Where 1 mole of CₐHₓNₙ with an excess of O₂ produce a moles of CO₂, X/2 moles of H₂O and n moles of NO₂

Thus, you need to convert the mass of CO₂ and H₂O to moles to find the C:H ratio and determine a possible empirical formula thus:

Moles CO₂ (Molar mass 44g/mol):

44g ₓ (1mol / 44g) = 1 mole CO₂ = 1 mole C

Mole of H₂O (Molar mass 18g/mol):

45g ₓ (1 mol / 18g) = 2.5 moles H₂O = 5 moles H

Thus, in the compound you have 5 moles of H per mole of C, and a possible empirical formula is:

The only structure that meet this C:H ratio

The most likely empirical formula for the one that exemplifies a specimen of the compound containing the element C, H, and N which are completely combusted in oxygen to generate 44g Co2, 45g of H2O, and a little NO2 would be:

B). CH₅N

The reaction of combustion taking place in the compound CₐHₓNₙ using [tex]O_{2}[/tex] (oxygen) would be:

[tex]C_{a} H_{x} N_{n} + O_{2}[/tex]  → [tex]aCO_{2} + X/2 H_{2}O + nNO_{2}[/tex]

In this reaction, 1 mole belonging to [tex]C_{a} H_{x} N_{a}[/tex] having additional [tex]O_{2}[/tex] (oxygen) leads to generating '[tex]a[/tex]' moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (Carbon dioxide), [tex]X/2[/tex] number of moles of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex](Hydrogen), and n amount of moles of Nitrogen([tex]N[/tex]).

Therefore, it will be required to transform the mass of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] and [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]  in the form of moles to deduce the ratio C:H to look for the likely empirical formula.

 [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] Moles                                                       (∵ Molar mass [tex]= 44g/mol)[/tex]

= [tex]44g[/tex] × [tex](1mol/44g)[/tex]

[tex]= 1 mole[/tex] of  [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

[tex]= 1 mole[/tex] of C

[tex]H_{2}O[/tex] Moles                                                   (∵ Molar mass =[tex]18g/mol)[/tex]

[tex]= 45g[/tex] ₓ [tex](1 mol / 18g)[/tex]                          

[tex]= 2.5 moles[/tex]  [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]

[tex]= 5[/tex] [tex]moles of H[/tex] because (H * 2)

∵ The C:H ratio is 1:5 implying that formula would include 5 H moles and 1 C mole. So, CH₅N is the correct option.

Thus, option B is the correct answer.

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