A murmur is heard at the second intercostals space, during systole and diastole both.
What is persistent patency?
Persistent patent ductus arteriosus or PDA is an opening that is persistent between two major blood vessels leading from the heart. The ductus arteriosus is a normal part of the circulatory system of a baby in the womb that closes shortly after birth usually. It's called a patent ductus arteriosus if it remains open.
A small PDA doesn’t often cause problems and might even not need treatment. A large PDA left untreated, however, may let poorly oxygenated blood to flow in the wrong direction, which in turn weakens the heart muscles, thereby causing heart failure and other complications.
Treatments for PDA are medications, monitoring, and closure by cardiac catheterization or even surgery.
Therefore, a murmur is heard at the second intercostals space, during systole and diastole both.
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an older adult client is prescribed methylcellulose every morning. what should the nurse emphasize when teaching about this medication?
Combine with a lot of water.
What are the five guidelines for administering medication?One recommendation given to reduce pharmaceutical errors and harm is to use the "five rights": the proper patient, the correct drug, a right dose, that right route, as well as the right time.
How many rights are there?The "five rights" of medication use—the appropriate patient, the right substance, the right time, the right dose, and the right route—are known to the majority of healthcare workers, especially nurses, and are commonly recognized as standards for safe medication practices.
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a client diagnosed with a right ulnar fracture asks why the cast needs to go all the way up the arm. what is the best response by the nurse?
When a client with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) inquires about discomfort in the wrist and numbness in the fingers, the nurse's ideal response is that "CTS is a neuropathy."
If carpal tunnel syndrome is not addressed, what happens?
For those who experience it, carpal tunnel syndrome often gets worse over time. If neglected for a long time, it could lead to irreparable hand dysfunction, including finger numbness and weakness. Therefore, it's critical to diagnose and treat carpal tunnel syndrome as soon as feasible.
Which drug works best to treat carpal tunnel syndrome?
Consider taking analgesics like aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, etc.), or naproxen sodium (Aleve). Wear a wrist splint at night that is snug but not tight. You may.
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the nurse would consider which disaster management plans to be most applicable if an earthquake hits a metropolitan area causing widespread death and injuries? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct.
The management plans that nurse would use for the earthquake hits a metropolitan area causing widespread death and injuries are Collaboration of more than one groups and healthcare facilities.
Make an Emergency Plan: Create a own circle of relatives emergency communications plan that has an out-of-country contact. Plan wherein to fulfill in case you get separated. Make a deliver package that consists of sufficient meals and water for numerous days, a flashlight, a hearthplace extinguisher and a whistle. Activation” refers to figuring out the reaction stage for the system.
As implemented to the Healthcare Coalition, activation refers back to the selection to transition from baseline operations to HCRT operations with a delegated staffing stage as defined withinside the Coalition's EOP.
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Explain the perspective of holistic medicine and the importance of preventative medicine. Write at least two sentences.
Holistic medicine is a type of treatment that focuses on the whole person—their mind, body, emotions, and spirit—in order to achieve optimal health and wellness. A holistic physician can treat a patient using any type of healthcare, including conventional medicine and alternative therapies.
A medical facility known as preventive medicine was established by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) and serves a crucial role by concentrating on the wellbeing of the local populations. The goal of preventive medicine is to promote wellbeing and health as well as to avert illness, disability, and death.
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the nurse develops a teaching plan for the client about how to prevent the transmission of hepatitis a. which discharge instruction is appropriate for the client?
The nurse develops a teaching plan for the client about how to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A so the discharge instruction is appropriate for the client is that he should ask his family members to wash their hands frequently.
What is discharge instruction?Discharge instruction are the instructions given to the client by the doctors or nurses for the safety of his client and his family members and about the precautions he has to take .
Hepatitis A :it is virus transmitted disease.it causes inflammation in the liver.It is caused because of the Hepatitis A virus.It is found in the blood and stool of infected people.To know kore about Discharge instruction visit
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a 44-year-old man present for follow-up of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus, which was diagnosed 32 years ago. what change on his fundoscopic examination would indicate a need for urgent referral to an ophthalmologist?
The defining feature of proliferative diabetic retinopathy is neovascularization. . They are prone to fundoscopic , which can cause retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and blindness.
Pan retinal laser photocoagulation is frequently used to treat proliferative retinopathy, which necessitates an immediate referral to an ophthalmologist. The degree of fundoscopic control and length of diabetes are both factors that influence the chance of developing diabetic retinopathy. It falls under the proliferative and nonproliferative categories. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, which typically develops 10 to 20 years after the start of diabetes, is characterized by blot fundoscopic , cotton wool patches, and microaneurysms. It's not always the case that nonproliferative retinopathy develops into proliferative retinopathy,
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the nurse is administering a cleansing enema when the client reports cramping. what is the appropriate nursing action?
Answer:
D. Clamp the tube for a brief period and resume at a slower rate.
Explanation:
true or false? otc stimulants can cause headaches, breathing problems, and rapid heartbeat when used in high doses.
Yes, it is true that OTC stimulants can cause breathing problems, headaches and irregular heartbeat when used in high doses.
OTC stimulant is A non-prescription–Over-The-Counter substance– e.g., phenylpropanolamine, ephedrine before its banning, pseudoephedrine, caffeine, used as an anorexiant, amphetamine substitute, or stimulant Adverse effects Overdose, adverse drug interactions, toxicity– eg HTN, tachyarrhythmia, seizures, hypertension.
OTC medicines treat a variety of illnesses and their symptoms including pain, coughs and colds, diarrhea, constipation, acne, and others. Some OTC medicines have active ingredients with the potential for misuse at higher-than-recommended dosages.
Misuse of an OTC medicine means:
a. taking medicine in a way or dose other than directed on the package
b. taking medicine for the effect it causes- for example, to get high
c. mixing OTC medicines together to create new products
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a central nervous system depressant that produces a false feeling of well-being and efficiency (confidence) and results in slower physical reaction time to stimulation is
The central nervous system that produces false feelings of well-being and efficiency (self-confidence) and produces a slower physical reaction time to stimulation is the parasympathetic nerve.
What is the nervous system?The nervous system is an organ system consisting of nerve fibers composed of nerve cells that are interconnected and essential for sensory perception, voluntary and involuntary motor activity of the body's tissues, and various physiological processes of the body.
The nervous system is also divided into two parts, namely the central nervous system and the peripheral nerves. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nerves consist of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The two systems work together to gather information from within the body and from its external environment.
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what lab values are indicative of the renal function for adult patients in acute renal failure? (select all that apply) patho
The normal GFR can change with ageing (as you get older it can decrease). GFR should be 90 or higher on a normal scale.
When the GFR falls below 60, the kidneys are not functioning properly. Once the GFR falls below 15, one is at a greater risk of needing dialysis or a kidney transplant as treatment for renal failure.
What does the term "renal function" mean?
REE-nul FUNK-shun a phrase used to indicate the kidneys' efficiency. The kidneys help maintain the body's chemical balance by excreting waste and surplus water from the blood as urine and by removing waste and excess sodium, potassium, and calcium.
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the nurse is teaching care of the newborn to a group of prospective parents and describes the need for administering antibiotic ointment into the eyes of the newborn. which infectious organism will this treatment prevent from harming the infant?
Nurse is teaching care of newborn and describes the need for administering antibiotic ointment in eyes of the newborn. Infectious organism that this treatment will prevent is gonorrhea.
What is done to prevent gonorrhea in infant?Gonorrhea may infect an infant during delivery as the infant passes through the birth canal. If it is left untreated, infants can develop eye infections.
A sexually transmitted bacterial infection that, if untreated, may cause infertility.
Erythromycin ointment is instilled in the lower conjunctiva of each eye within 2 hours of birth to prevent ophthalmica neonatorum and infection caused by gonorrhea including conjunctivitis which is an infection caused by chlamydia.
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what action should the nurse implement to decrease the client's risk for hemorrhage after a cesarean section?
PPH is more common in people with placental issues like placenta accreta, placenta previa, placental abruption, and retained placenta. PPH risk is further increased by an overextended uterus.
What nursing technique is frequently applied to preserve uterine tone?Intravenous oxytocin takes effect right away and increases uterine contractions to aid in uterine muscle tone maintenance.
What causes hemorrhage during C section?Excessive haemorrhage associated with caesarean section, commonly defined as blood loss in excess of 1000 ml, is frequently underestimated, but is documented as occurring in more than 5-10% of caesarean sections.
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which child or group of children is most likely to meet the recommended fitness criteria set for ensuring healthy children and adolescents?
A boy or group of boys aged 9 is most likely to satisfy the suggested fitness standards established to ensure healthy children and adolescents.
What impact does sports activity have on shy kids?Over time, participating in organized sports might boost shy kids' self-esteem and lessen their social anxiety.
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding kids in their middle years?They acquire the ability to construct indirect object-direct object sentences. Stefan, a 12-year-old boy, thinks that as long as he is with his friends, it is okay for him to stay out late and that his parents shouldn't have to worry about his safety.
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a coworker is telling you about a recent ems call in which he provided care to a preschooler. based on this description, you know that age of the patient would have been:
We know the patient's age would have been between 3 and 6 years old based on the description provided, which is a recent EMS call from a caregiver providing care to a preschooler.
What is a preschooler?Preschool age is defined as 3 to 5 years old by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There are, however, no rigid and binding regulations. Some preschools accept children as young as three years old, while others accept children as young as four. The typical beginning age is between three and four years old. In another source, it is mentioned that the age range for preschoolers is 3–6 years old since most children end their preschool period by entering first grade, or kindergarten, at the age of 6.
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a child has painful, fluid-filled vesicles on the upper lip. what medication does the nurse anticipate teaching parents about?
This young person has herpes. For viral illnesses like herpes simplex, oral antiviral medications are beneficial.
Viral infections cannot be treated with corticosteroids. The antifungal drug griseofulvin is ineffective against viral infections. Viral illnesses are not susceptible to antibiotic treatment.
The general impact that COVID-19 can have on the healthcare system is lessened by the ability to manage SARS-CoV-2 infection without the requirement for hospital admission thanks to oral antiviral medications.
Why are antiviral medications used?
Antivirals are drugs that support your body's defences against specific viruses that can harm you. Drugs that fight viruses are also preventative. They can protect you from infectious diseases and the proliferation of viruses.
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a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is prescribed hydroxychloroquine. which teaching will the nurse include for this client?
The teaching which the nurse will include for client with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is Facial rash. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is Systemic lupus erythematosus?Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most common type of lupus disease. SLE is an autoimmune disease which include the immune system attacks its own tissues, which causes widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs of the body. It can affect the joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood vessels.
Symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus are flare ups with periods of remittance. It is important to teach the clients need for preventing flare-ups by doing things such as avoiding exposure to sun, proper skin care routine, avoiding sources of infection, and reducing stress.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
A Nurse is assessing a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Facial rash
B. Thickened skin
C. Chronic back pain
D. Iritis
Approximately one out of every 2,500 caucasians in the united states is born with the recessive disease cystic fibrosis. According to the hardy-weinberg equilibrium equation, approximately how many people are carriers?.
Recessive illnesses have a ratio of 1/2500=.0004=q2, which is because 1-q=1-.02=.98=p and heterozygous (2pq) carriers make up 4% of the population.
What do you mean by disease?Disease is any adverse variation from an organism's normal structural or functional condition that is often accompanied by a set of symptoms and is different from physical damage in origin. Indicative of its aberrant status, a sick organism frequently displays signs or symptoms.
What are the many sorts of disease?There are four primary categories of disease: physiological illnesses, hereditary diseases (covering both genetic disorders and non-genetic hereditary diseases), deficient diseases, and infectious diseases. Another approach to categorize illnesses is according to whether they are contagious or not.
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a nurse and the facility have been named as defendants in a malpractice lawsuit. in addition to the nurse's attorney, whom else would be appropriate for the nurse to talk with about the case?
The agency's risk manager would be appropriate for the nurse to talk with about the case.
What are the ways for a nurse to avoid a lawsuit?
The best defense for a nurse against a lawsuit would be to provide compassionate and competent nursing care. Carrying malpractice insurance might be prudent, but it will not help avoid a lawsuit.
Attending professional development programs also helps.
They should also make sure they document all observations, actions and decisions. When taken into a courtroom, the patients are the best evidence of care given.
Consistent vigilance and adherence to care procedures on a regular basis are the best protection and help avoid malpractice suits and legal liability.
So, the agency's risk manager would be appropriate for the nurse to talk with about the case.
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given the fact that acute pancreatitis can result in severe, life-threatening complications, the nurse should be assessing the client for which complication?
The symptoms of acute pancreatitis might also include disorientation, respiratory failure, or coma but not necessarily stomach pain. Possible findings the nurse should look for include pleural effusion, slight jaundice, tachycardia, and hypotension.
What is acute pancreatitis ?The pancreatic becomes inflamed over a short period of time in acute pancreatitis, a dangerous disorder. A tiny organ behind the stomach and beneath the ribs is the pancreas.
Gallstones or excessive alcohol use are the primary causes of acute pancreatitis, however sometimes no cause may be found.
Upper abdomen pain is one of the indications and symptoms of acute pancreatitis.
radiating back ache from your abdomen
sensitivity to touch in the abdominal region.
Fever.
rapid heartbeat
Nausea.
Vomiting
The pancreas becomes inflamed and enlarged during a brief period of time in acute pancreatitis. The pancreas is a little organ that aids in digestion and is situated behind the stomach. Most people with acute pancreatitis start feeling better within a week or so and don't experience any more complications.
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which action would the nurse take when performing endotracheal tube suctioning on a patient with thick secretion
To avoid hypoxemia, the nurse should give oxygen for 30 seconds after the last suction and before beginning the next.
How is endotracheal suctioning carried out?The suction pressure should be between 120 and 140 mm Hg. To achieve this, unlock the suction control valve (thumb valve), fully depress the valve, and adjust the vacuum regulator. Just enough suction should be applied to efficiently remove secretions. The injury to the tracheal mucosa may increase with high negative pressure levels.
Can an endotracheal tube be suctioned?Intensive care units routinely suction endotracheal tubes (ETTs) to remove mucus and maintain an open airway so that an intubated patient's oxygenation and ventilation can be maximized. Hypoxia may result with ETT suction because of oxygen suction from Alveoli and the lung.
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an older woman with osteoporosis presents with pain and deformity to her left hip after she shifted her weight onto her other foot. she has most likely experienced a(n)
When her pain persisted, she went to her primary care doctor.
What is the most typical reason for falls among senior people?Risk factors for falling include postural hypotension, issues with balance and gait, and age-related loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia), which causes an excessive drop in blood pressure when you get up from lying down or sitting.
Which of the following conditions frequently affect senior joints?The most prevalent type of arthritis in older persons is osteoarthritis. Additionally, it is among the most typical causes of physical disability in adulthood. When the tissues that cushion the ends of the bones within the joints degenerate over time, it results in osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint condition.
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the nutritionist counsels a client to maintain a daily intake of alpha-linolenic acid to provide essential fatty acids. the client is encouraged to eat which food sources? select all that apply. blueberries walnuts soybeans green, leafy vegetables red, beefy tomatoes
The client is encouraged to eat food sources like walnut, green leafy vegetables, and red-beefy tomatoes.
What is alpha-linolenic acid?
Alpha-Linolenic acid, commonly known as -Linolenic acid, is an important fatty acid in the omega-3 family. Many seeds and oils, such as flaxseed, walnuts, chia, hemp, and many popular vegetable oils, contain ALA. It is known as all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid due to its chemical structure. Alpha-linolenic acid can be found in foods like flaxseeds and flaxseed oil. rapeseed (canola) oil. soybeans as well as soybean oil. A vital omega-3 fatty acid called alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) can be found in nuts like walnuts. For healthy human development and growth, it is essential. By supporting proper heart rhythm and pumping, alpha-linolenic acid is thought to lower the risk of heart disease. Additionally, it may lessen blood clots.
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tobacco smoke inhaled and exhaled by the smoker is referred to as: a. sidestream smoke. b. mainstream smoke. c. passive smoke. d. none of these is correct.
B) Mainstream smoke is the term used to describe the tobacco smoke that a smoker inhales and exhales.
Tobacco smoke that smokers exhale. Secondhand smoke might also include cigarette smoke. It has a lot of dangerous, cancer-causing substances, including nicotine. Smoking in public places raises your risk of developing lung cancer and possibly other cancers as well. smoke that emanates from a tobacco product that is burning, such as a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, that has been lit. Secondhand smoke includes sidestream smoke.
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The loops of henle create a concentration gradient in the interstitial fluid surrounding the loop, with the concentration highest in the _____ and lowest in the _____ of the kidney.
The loops of henle create a concentration gradient in the interstitial fluid surrounding the loop, with the concentration highest in the inner medulla and lowest in the cortex of the kidney.
The nephron's Loop of Henle is a U-shaped tubular structure that is recognised for preserving a concentration gradient there.
The Henle loop is found in the renal medulla of the kidney, beneath the proximal tubule, which is found in the renal cortex.
Due to the strong concentration gradient created by the Henle loop in the inner medulla, water is reabsorbed in the descending tubule. The ascending limb has a modest concentration gradient in the cortex because it is impervious to water but permeable to ions.
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what are some adverse health effects of overconsuming protein? multiple select question. increased calcium loss in urine increased formation of kidney stones excessive increase in muscle mass increased heart rate at rest dehydration due to increased urine production
Some adverse health effects of overconsuming protein are:
1) Increased calcium loss in urine.
2) Increased formation of kidney stones.
3 )Excessive increase in muscle mass.
4) Dehydration due to increased urine production.
What is Protein?
Protein is an essential macronutrient made up of amino acids that is required for the growth, repair, and maintenance of cells. It is found in both animal and plant sources and is necessary for the body to function properly. Protein is important for building muscle, repairing tissue, producing hormones, enzymes, and other body chemicals, and helping to maintain healthy skin, hair, nails, and bones.
Why should we not overconsume protein?
Overconsumption of protein can lead to a variety of health concerns. Excessive protein intake can cause dehydration, digestive issues such as nausea and diarrhea, and an increased risk of kidney stones and kidney damage. Additionally, high protein diets can cause weight gain due to increased calorie intake and can also impair the body's ability to absorb essential vitamins and minerals.
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a client at a health care facility has died after a prolonged illness. a nurse is assigned to perform postmortem care for the client. which intervention should the nurse perform when providing postmortem care?
The nurse should perform interventions that are respectful and compassionate to the deceased.
What do you mean by Postmortem?
Postmortem is a medical examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death. It is usually performed by a pathologist, who examines the body and its organs to identify any underlying diseases or injuries that may have led to the death of the individual.
The interventions included in the postmortem care assigned to the nurse are: covering the body with a sheet or blanket, closing the eyes and mouth of the deceased, straightening the limbs, and positioning the body in a dignified manner. The nurse should also remove any tubes or equipment that were used while the client was receiving care. The nurse should document the care provided in the client's medical record. The nurse should also ensure that the family is given the opportunity to view the body and to spend time with it, if desired. Lastly, the nurse should document the time of death and any other pertinent information related to the death.
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a nurse is caring for a 16-year-old pregnant adolescent. the client is taking an iron supplement. what should this client drink to increase the absorption of iron?
Due to the fact that eating slows down absorption, the nurse should advise the client to take the supplement between meals to speed up absorption. The customer should drink water or juice (orange juice is preferred), not milk or antacids, with the supplement.
Which advice should the nurse give to aid with pregnancy-related constipation?Be sure to stay hydrated. Walking is sufficient exercise to ease constipation. Eat or drink prune juice, figs, or both.
Which iron supplement is the best?The three ferrous salts—ferrous fumarate, ferrous sulfate, and ferrous gluconate—are the iron supplements that are most readily absorbed and are frequently regarded as the gold standard when compared to other iron salts.
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during a home visit, the nurse discovers that a child in the household who has a disability has been experiencing seizures. the child's parent appears indifferent to the child's physical, emotional, or medical needs and seems to provoke seizure episodes by harsh verbal exchanges with the child. where would the nurse direct a referral?
Child has been experiencing seizures and the child's parent seems to provoke seizure episodes by harsh verbal exchanges with the child so the nurse would direct a referral to Child Protective Services.
Child Protective Services (CPS) provides protection for kids who are in danger of, or are experiencing neglect, physical, sexual, or emotional abuse. the main focus is on the protection of the kid and support for folks to strengthen families and promote safe nurturing homes for kids.
A seizure is a sharp, uncontrolled electrical phenomenon within the brain. It will cause changes in your behavior, movements or feelings, and in levels of consciousness. Having 2 or a lot of seizures a minimum of twenty four hours apart that are not brought on by a classifiable cause is usually thought of to be brain disease.
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which food would a nurse suggest to the parent of a child who has recovered from dehydration due to diarrhea?
Depending on how bad it is, dehydration may require treatment. Kids who are somewhat dehydrated can receive additional liquids at home. Children who are more severely dehydrated can require hospital or ER care.
Oral (by mouth) rehydration is used to treat mild dehydration. Typically, this entails administering oral rehydration solution (such as Pedialyte, Enfalyte, or a store brand). It helps prevent dehydration because it contains the correct proportions of salt, sugar, and water. It is available without a prescription from pharmacies and large-format shops. Speak with your doctor if you are unable to obtain oral rehydration solution. Dehydration can be treated with other fluids.
A precise ratio of water, salt, and sugar makes up an oral rehydration solution (ORS). These solutions can still be absorbed even if your child is vomiting or has severe diarrhea.
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a client has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis and asks the nurse what this means. the most appropriate response would be:
Answer:
The valve opening is narrowed and produces increased resistance to blood flow out of the left ventricle and into the aorta.
Explanation: