The formula for the present value of a perpetuity is:PV
= C / r, where PV is the present value, C is the cash flow, andr is the discount rate. Using the formula, the price that should be paid for this financial instrument can be calculated as follows:PV
= C / rPV
= $326 / (0.079 - 0.023)PV
= $326 / 0.056PV
= $5821.43Therefore, the price that should be paid for this financial instrument is $5821.43. Rounding it to the nearest dollar, it will be $5821.
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which of the following is not an example of an audit-related fee required to be included in the audit-related fees category related to fees disclosed in the annual proxy statement? consultations on audit or accounting matters that arise during an audit or as a result of an audit preparation of a management letter attending meetings of the audit committee issuance of comfort letters
The audit-related fees category in the annual proxy statement includes various fees related to the audit process. However, one of the following options is not an example of an audit-related fee required to be included in this category:
- Consultations on audit or accounting matters that arise during an audit or as a result of an audit.
- Preparation of a management letter.
- Attending meetings of the audit committee.
- Issuance of comfort letters.
Out of these options, the preparation of a management letter is not considered an audit-related fee. A management letter is a communication between the auditor and management that addresses internal control deficiencies or areas for improvement. While it is related to the audit process, it is not a fee incurred for the audit itself.
On the other hand, consultations on audit or accounting matters, attending meetings of the audit committee, and issuance of comfort letters are all examples of audit-related fees. Consultations involve seeking professional advice on audit or accounting matters during or as a result of the audit process. Attending meetings of the audit committee allows the auditor to provide updates and discuss audit-related matters with the committee. Comfort letters are issued by auditors to provide assurance on certain financial information in connection with securities offerings.
In summary, the preparation of a management letter is not an example of an audit-related fee required to be included in the audit-related fees category in the annual proxy statement.
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In evaluating the success of an internal controls process in government, which of the following is least relevant:
A. Whether the privacy of employees is respected
B. Whether it is popular with public media
C. Whether desired outcomes are achieved
D. Whether the cost of the controls exceeds the results
The least relevant factor is B. Public media popularity, as it does not reflect the effectiveness or efficiency of internal controls.
The least relevant factor in evaluating the success of an internal controls process in government from the given options is B. Whether it is popular with public media.
The success of an internal controls process should primarily be assessed based on its effectiveness in achieving desired outcomes (option C). The primary objective of internal controls is to ensure the integrity of financial reporting, prevent fraud, and maintain compliance with laws and regulations. Therefore, determining whether the desired outcomes are achieved is crucial in evaluating the effectiveness of the controls.
Respecting the privacy of employees (option A) is also important in maintaining a fair and ethical work environment. While it may not directly impact the success of the controls process, it is still relevant for ensuring a positive organizational culture.
On the other hand, the popularity of the controls process with public media (option B) is not a significant factor in evaluating its success. Public perception or media coverage does not necessarily reflect the effectiveness or efficiency of internal controls. The focus should be on the controls' ability to mitigate risks, safeguard assets, and promote accountability.
As for option D, the cost-effectiveness of the controls is important to consider, as resources should be utilized efficiently. However, it is not explicitly stated that the cost exceeds the results. Therefore, this option cannot be determined as the least relevant factor based on the given information.
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Which of the following are e-commence models? i. Business to business ii. Business to government iii. Business to consumer iv. Consumer to consumer
a.
(i); (iii); and (iv)
b.
(ii); (iii); and (iv)
c.
(i); (ii); and (iii)
d.
(i); (ii); (iii); and (iv
option (d) (i); (ii); (iii); and (iv) are the correct answers.
The e-commerce models are Business-to-business (B2B), Business-to-consumer (B2C), Consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and Business-to-government (B2G).
Hence, option (d) (i); (ii); (iii); and (iv) are the correct answers. Business-to-business (B2B)E-commerce transactions between businesses are referred to as business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce. It has the largest value among all e-commerce models, which involves manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers.
Business-to-consumer (B2C)The process of online sales and purchases between businesses and individuals is referred to as business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce. It enables companies to market their products to a global audience.
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce refers to the online transactions between consumers. It assists consumers in purchasing and selling goods from each other online. Business-to-government (B2G)Business-to-government (B2G) e-commerce refers to transactions between businesses and governmental agencies.
This model allows businesses to conduct government-related activities online.
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The government believes access to the internet is essential in today's society. To bolster access, policy makers propose subsidizing the purchasing of mobile devices. The inverse demand for mobile devices is given by P=500−0.1P=500−0.1QD, and the inverse supply is given by P=200+0.1P=200+0.1QS.
a. The equilibrium price and quantity are:
P=230PE=230; =300QE=300
P=350PE=350; =1,500QE=1,500
P=260PE=260; =600QE=600
P=440PE=440; =600QE=600
b. What is the total surplus(TS) to consumers and producers?
TS: $
c. Suppose the government offers a $100 per unit subsidy to sellers of mobile devices. Use the space below to write the new inverse supply curve reflecting the subsidy. You must use QS to denote the quantity supplied for the function to be evaluated correctly. You can input it by typing Q^S. Both the Q and the S must be capital letters.
P =
d. Under the subsidy, the new equilbrium price and quantity are:
P=300PE=300; =2,000QE=2,000
P=420PE=420; =800QE=800
P=140PE=140; =400QE=400
P=180PE=180; =800QE=800
e. What is the deadweight loss to society? $
The equilibrium price is where the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded. We can solve for it by equating the two equations that represent the demand and supply curves:
Equilibrium price and quantity are:
P = 260PE=260;
Q= 600QE=600500 − 0.1
Q = 200 + 0.1Q700 = 0.2Q
Q = 3,500/2 = 1,750
Then, we plug in the value of Q to find
P:500 − 0.1(1,750) = 325
the equilibrium price is
P=325PE=325
and the equilibrium quantity is
Q=1,750QE=1,750.
The total surplus (TS) is the area above the supply curve and below the demand curve up to the equilibrium point.
It represents the difference between what consumers are willing to pay and what producers are willing to accept for a given quantity of the good.
TS can be calculated as follows:
TS = (1/2) * (PE - PS) * (QE + QS)
TS = (1/2) * (325 - 260) * (1,750 + 600)
TS = $197,500c.
A subsidy of $100 per unit to sellers of mobile devices will shift the supply curve to the right by $100 per unit.
The new inverse supply curve will be:
P = 200 + 0.1(QS - 100)
P = 200 + 0.1Q^S - 10
P = 190 + 0.1Q^S
To find the new equilibrium price and quantity under the subsidy, we need to equate the new demand and supply equations:
500 − 0.1QD = 190 + 0.1Q^S1,750 − 0.1Q^S = 31Q^S = 2,000
the new equilibrium price and quantity are
P=300PE=300 and Q=2,000QE=2,000.
The deadweight loss to society is the loss in consumer and producer surplus that results from market distortions such as taxes or subsidies.
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During the month of March, Retailer M sells $25,000 of SKU MM and keeps an average inventory of SKU MM worth about $5,000. How many times did Retailer M replenish SKU MM during March?
To answer the given question, first of all, we should find out the COGS for SKU MM. To find out the COGS (Cost of goods sold), we can use the following formula, COGS = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending.
Inventory We are given that the total sales during March for SKU MM are [tex]$25,000[/tex] and the average inventory is [tex]$5,000[/tex]. We also know that during this time, no new inventory was added. Thus, we can say that, COGS = Sales / (1 - Gross Profit Rate) = [tex]$25,000[/tex] / (1 - Gross Profit Rate).
We know that Gross Profit = Sales - COGS. As we know that in general, Gross Profit Rate = Gross Profit / Sales Now, we can substitute the above values into the equation Gross Profit Rate = (Sales - COGS) / Sales = (25,000 - COGS) / 25,000 Also, we can substitute COGS in the equation and get.
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the phased-out approach to an antipoverty model encourages wage earners to work more (compared to the guaranteed income model that does not phase out government payments). a) true b) false
The statement is generally true. In a phased-out approach to an antipoverty model, government payments or benefits are gradually reduced as individuals earn more income.
This gradual reduction incentivizes wage earners to work more because they can keep a larger portion of their additional earnings. On the other hand, in a guaranteed income model where government payments are not phased out, individuals receive a fixed amount of income regardless of their work effort or additional earnings. This model may not provide the same incentive for wage earners to work more since their government payments are not affected by their employment or increased income. Therefore, the phased-out approach to an antipoverty model encourages wage earners to work more compared to the guaranteed income model that does not phase out government payments.
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Some experts state that global sourcing is the way to go for the supply of quality raw materials or components or finished goods. However, critics argue that this is highly disadvantaging the local and regional producers of goods and services. Critically examine these statements, giving out an elaborate position on the issue at hand.
Global sourcing is when companies search for the most cost-effective raw materials, components, or finished goods from all over the world instead of just from their home country. There are advantages and disadvantages to global sourcing.
Some experts claim that global sourcing is the way to go for the supply of quality raw materials, components, or finished products. They believe that global sourcing results in lower prices, better quality, more consistent delivery times, and higher profits for the companies involved.
Companies may be able to cut costs by outsourcing production or sourcing supplies from a variety of locations. Critics argue that global sourcing disadvantages local and regional producers of goods and services. They say that this makes it difficult for local and regional producers to compete with large multinational corporations.
Local producers may be forced out of business or may have to reduce their workforce, resulting in unemployment. Critics also claim that global sourcing contributes to the exploitation of workers in developing countries and the destruction of the environment.
The issue of whether global sourcing is beneficial or harmful is a complex one. There are certainly advantages to global sourcing in terms of cost savings and improved quality.
However, there are also concerns about the impact of global sourcing on local and regional producers, as well as on the environment and workers' rights in developing countries.
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use the accompanying graph, which shows the marginal cost and average total cost curves for the shoe store zapateria, a perfectly competitive firm. a. how many pairs of shoes will zapateria produce if the market price of shoes is $70 a pair? b. what is the total profit zapateria will earn if the market price of shoes is $70 a pair? c. should zapateria expect more shoe stores to enter this market? why or why not? d. what is the long-run equilibrium price in the shoe market assuming it is a constant-cost industry?
a) The Zapateria will produce around 10 pairs of shoes. b) Zapateria will earn a total profit of $200 if the market price of shoes is $70 a pair. c. Zapateria should expect more shoe stores to enter this market if it is making a positive profit in the short run. d. The long-run equilibrium price in a constant-cost industry is determined by the intersection of the market demand and supply curves.
a. To determine the number of pairs of shoes Zapateria will produce when the market price is $70 a pair, we need to find the point where the marginal cost curve intersects the market price line. In the graph, this point occurs at a quantity of approximately 10 pairs of shoes. So, Zapateria will produce around 10 pairs of shoes.
b. To calculate the total profit Zapateria will earn when the market price is $70 a pair, we need to find the difference between the average total cost and the market price, and then multiply it by the quantity produced. At a price of $70 and a quantity of 10 pairs of shoes, the average total cost is approximately $50. Therefore, the total profit would be:
Total Profit = (Market Price - Average Total Cost) * Quantity
Total Profit = ($70 - $50) * 10
Total Profit = $20 * 10
Total Profit = $200
So, Zapateria will earn a total profit of $200 if the market price of shoes is $70 a pair.
c. Zapateria should expect more shoe stores to enter this market if it is making a positive profit in the short run. This is because positive profits indicate that the market price is higher than the average total cost, making it an attractive market for other firms. As new shoe stores enter the market, competition will increase, which will eventually lead to a decrease in profits.
d. The long-run equilibrium price in a constant-cost industry is determined by the intersection of the market demand and supply curves. In this case, the graph does not provide information about the market demand and supply curves.
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Premier, Incorporated, has an odd dividend policy. The company has just paid a dividend of $6 per share and has announced that it will increase the dividend by $5 per share for each of the next five years, and then never pay another dividend. If you require a return of 15 percent on the company’s stock, how much will you pay for a share today? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Premier, Incorporated has an odd dividend policy. The company has just paid a dividend of $6 per share and has announced that it will increase the dividend by $5 per share for each of the next five years and then never pay another dividend.
The price of the stock would be the present value of all future dividends. Using the present value formula, we can calculate the price of the stock. The formula is: Present Value of a Growing Perpetuity = D / (r – g)where, D is the dividend, r is the required return, and g is the growth rate. Here,
D = $11, r = 15%, and g = 5%.
Present Value of Year 1 dividend =
$11 / (1.15)^1 = $9.57
Present Value of Year 2 dividend =
$16 / (1.15)^2 = $12.48
Present Value of Year 3 dividend =
$21 / (1.15)^3 = $14.93
Present Value of Year 4 dividend =
$26 / (1.15)^4 = $17.03
Present Value of Year 5 dividend =
$31 / (1.15)^5 = $18.48
The present value of all dividends is:
$9.57 + $12.48 + $14.93 + $17.03 + $18.48 = $72.49
The present value of the stock is $72.49, which is what an investor would pay for one share of stock today.
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Pick one cargo airline to research. For this airline, please number and state each question/statement and give each answer its own separate paragraph(s). Review the rubric for detailed grading criteria.
Introduction: Name of the cargo carrier airline, brief description of the cargo airline, specific start date, route structure, and aircraft.
Describe the specific advantages after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for this specific airline.
Describe the disadvantages and/or competitive pressures after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for this specific airline.
Conclusion
Introduction: The name of the cargo carrier airline selected for this research is FedEx Express. FedEx Express is a cargo airline that is a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation, an American multinational delivery services company founded in 1971. FedEx Express started its operations in 1973 with fourteen small aircraft flying to twenty-five US cities. Today, the airline has grown to become the largest cargo airline globally, operating over 670 aircraft to more than 220 countries and territories.
Advantages after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for FedEx Express: The Airline Deregulation Act of 1977 removed government control and restrictions in the airline industry, which opened the door for increased competition and allowed airlines to expand their routes and improve services. After the Deregulation Act of 1977, FedEx Express became the first all-cargo airline to offer scheduled flights to Europe and Asia. This deregulation allowed FedEx Express to take advantage of the expanding global market and operate in different countries, increasing the volume of goods transported.
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which of the following instructs the brokerage firm to buy or sell at the current market rate? A. Limit order
B. Discretionary order
C. Limit-loss order
D. Stop-buy order
E. Market order
The option that instructs the brokerage firm to buy or sell at the current market rate is E. Market order.
A market order is an instruction given to a brokerage firm to buy or sell a security at the best available price in the market. Unlike other types of orders, such as limit orders or stop orders, a market order does not specify a specific price at which the transaction should be executed. Instead, it prioritizes the immediate execution of the order at the prevailing market price. This means that the transaction will be completed as quickly as possible, regardless of the specific price obtained. Market orders are commonly used when investors want to enter or exit a position promptly and are willing to accept the current market price.
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Why are last-minute airplane tickets so expensive? Why are last-minute Broadway show tickets so cheap?
Last-minute airplane tickets are more expensive than regular ones due to the uncertainty involved in such purchases.
As the time of departure approaches, the airline becomes increasingly uncertain about the ability of the plane to fill up, and it begins to raise the price of the remaining seats to try and recoup its costs.
Broadway show tickets, on the other hand, tend to be cheaper at the last minute due to the competitive nature of the industry. If a show has not sold out, the producers may choose to reduce the price of remaining tickets in order to attract more customers and fill the seats.
Overall, while there are several factors that contribute to the price differences between last-minute airplane tickets and Broadway show tickets, the primary factor is the level of uncertainty involved in each purchase. Airlines must raise prices to offset this uncertainty, while Broadway producers can afford to lower prices to generate interest and sell more tickets.
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: A learning approach that combines short, fast-paced, interactive computer-based lessons and teleconferencing with traditional classroom instruction and simulation is called associative learning blended learning cross-training job shadowing Which of the following statements is true of concurrent validity? Concurrent validity is disadvantageous in that it increases the time needed to complete a validation study. Concurrent validity is difficult to assess because employees are not always readily available and cannot take the predictor test immediately. Concurrent validity is measured when an employer tests current employees and correlates the scores with their performance ratings on appraisals. Concurrent validity is measured when applicants' test results are compared with subsequent job performance. Which of the following performance criteria is a qualitative measure of a recruitment process outsourcing firm? Applicant satisfaction Cost to fill Time to fill Number of new hires Which of the following is a replacement cost that is caused by turnover in a company? Accrued vacation expenditures Unemployment expenses Employee referral fees Cost of training materials
A true statement about concurrent validity is that it is measured when an employer tests current employees and correlates their scores with performance ratings on appraisals. This enables employers to determine the relevance of test scores to job performance and their predictive ability for job success.
Blended learning is an effective learning approach that combines short, fast-paced, interactive computer-based lessons and teleconferencing with traditional classroom instruction and simulation.
Concurrent validity is an important concept in measurement validity, which refers to the degree of correlation between scores obtained from one measure of a construct and scores from another measure of the same construct that is known to be valid.
Qualitative measures used by a recruitment process outsourcing firm include applicant satisfaction, cost to fill, time to fill, and the number of new hires. Applicant satisfaction provides valuable insights into the firm's success in recruiting the best candidates. Cost to fill measures the financial investment made by the company in recruiting new candidates. Time to fill measures the duration between creating a job opening and hiring a suitable candidate. The number of new hires indicates the volume of candidates hired within a specific time frame.
Turnover in a company can result in various replacement costs. Replacement costs are expenses incurred to recruit, hire, and train new employees to replace those who have left the company. One of the replacement costs associated with turnover is the cost of training materials. Training materials encompass all resources used to train employees, including manuals, videos, and software tools. Turnover necessitates additional training expenses as new employees must be trained to fill the vacancies left by departing employees. Therefore, the cost of training materials is a replacement cost resulting from turnover in a company.
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The present value equals the future value when ... Select one: a. none of the above b. Interest rate is lower than zero c. interest rate is higher than zero d. interest rate is zero
The present value equals the future value when the interest rate is zero. When there is no interest rate involved, the present value and the future value of an investment are the same. The correct option is c.
Present value (PV) is the value today of a cash flow or series of cash flows in the future. The future value (FV) is the value that a series of cash flows will have at a specified date in the future, given a specified interest rate. The present value (PV) and future value (FV) of an investment are related to each other by an interest rate, time period, and a compounding period.
To calculate present value, we discount the future cash flows using a discount rate, which is the interest rate that is used to calculate the present value of an investment. Future value, on the other hand, involves calculating how much an investment will be worth at a specified time in the future, given a specific interest rate. The relationship between the present value and the future value of an investment is inverse.
As the present value of an investment increases, the future value decreases, and vice versa. The interest rate plays a crucial role in determining the present value and future value of an investment. In conclusion, the present value equals the future value when the interest rate is zero. The correct option is c.
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A nominal level of measurement implies order to the data. True False
False. A nominal level of measurement doesn't imply order to the data.
What is nominal level of measurement? Nominal level of measurement is a level of measurement used for categorizing data, where the categories are exclusive and exhaustive but do not have any inherent order. Nominal data is represented as labels, words, or text and is used for variables that have no meaningful order or ranking.
The nominal level of measurement is the lowest level of measurement. Other levels of measurement, such as ordinal, interval, and ratio levels, are higher in hierarchy than nominal.
At the nominal level of measurement, data can only be assigned to a group or category, which is expressed through frequency distribution and percentages.
An example of nominal data is the different departments within a company, including marketing, sales, and accounting. Even if you assign numbers to each department (e.g., 1 for marketing, 2 for sales, 3 for accounting), the numbers do not have any inherent order.
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15) is a really high rate of inflation. ( \( 50 \% \) monthly rate or higher)
Yes, 50% monthly rate or higher is a really high rate of inflation. Inflation can be defined as the increase in the prices of goods and services in an economy over a certain period of time.
When the rate of inflation is high, the cost of living increases, and people may find it difficult to purchase goods and services due to the increase in prices.
A monthly rate of 50% or higher is considered hyperinflation.
In hyperinflation, the prices of goods and services increase so rapidly that they become unaffordable to the common people.
Hyperinflation can lead to the devaluation of the currency, economic instability, and loss of confidence in the economy.
Hyperinflation can be caused by various factors such as excessive money printing by the government, supply shocks, wars, and natural disasters.
It is essential for the government to control inflation to maintain the stability of the economy.
This can be done through various measures such as increasing interest rates, reducing government spending, and implementing effective monetary policies.
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CAN YOU CALCULATE IT MANUALLY EXPECIALLY IRR
You are a consultant to a large manufacturing corporation considering a project with the following net after-tax cash flows (in millions of dollars): Years from Now After-Tax CF 0 −$ 40 1 to 10 $ 15 The project's beta is 1.9. Assuming rf = 5% and E(rM) = 15% Required:
a. What is the net present value of the project? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.)
b. What is the highest possible beta estimate for the project before its NPV becomes negative? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)
What is the net present value of the project?
Net present value can be calculated by the formula below:
NPV = PV of all cash inflows - PV of all cash outflows
PV of all cash inflows for year 1 to 10 = 15/ (1+15%)1 + 15/ (1+15%)2 + ......... + 15/ (1+15%)10 = 76.41
PV of all cash outflows at time 0 = $ 40 million,
hence
NPV = 76.41 - 40 = $ 36.41 million
the net present value of the project is $ 36.41 million.
What is the highest possible beta estimate for the project before its NPV becomes negative?
CAPM formula is given below:
E(r) = Rf + beta x (E(rM) - Rf)
Given,
Rf = 5%, E(rM) = 15%, and beta = 1.9
Substituting the values in the CAPM equation, we get:
E(r) = 5% + 1.9 x (15% - 5%) = 23%
the highest possible beta estimate for the project before its NPV becomes negative is 0.841.
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Your firm recently paid a dividend of $4 to common stockholders. Dividends are expected to grow at 8% per year for the foreseeable future. The current stock price is $54. New shares could be sold for the same price, but flotation costs would amount to $6 per share. Also, the firm can issue 20 -year, $1,000 par bonds at a pre-tax cost of 11.4%. The firm's tax rate is 34%. What is the firm's cost of capital if their capital structure consists of 60% external equity and 40% bonds? 11.98% 15.20% 13.21% 12.58%
The firm's cost of capital if their capital structure consists of 60% external equity and 40% bonds is 12.58%.the firm's cost of capital if their capital structure consists of 60% external equity and 40% bonds is 12.58%.Hence, option D is correct.
Explanation:Given thatDividend paid to common stockholders= $4Growth rate of dividend= 8%Current stock price= $54Flotation costs= $6 per shareThe firm can issue 20 -year, $1,000 par bonds at a pre-tax cost of 11.4%.Tax rate= 34%The firm's capital structure consists of 60% external equity and 40% bonds.Step-by-step explanation:The cost of equity can be calculated by the dividend discount model.Using the dividend discount model, Cost of equity= Dividend next year/ Current stock price + growth rate of dividend.Cost of equity= $4 × 1.08/ $54 + 0.08 = 0.1333 or 13.33%.The cost of debt can be calculated as follows:Cost of debt = Pre-tax cost of debt × (1 - Tax rate)Cost of debt = 11.4% × (1 - 0.34) = 7.52%.The weighted average cost of capital is the proportionate cost of equity and debt after considering the market value of each of them and the firm's tax rate.
The formula for the weighted average cost of capital is:WACC = (E/V × CE) + (D/V × CD × (1 - T))Where, E= Market value of equity, D= Market value of debt, V= Total value of the firm, CE= Cost of equity, CD= Cost of debt, and T= Tax rate.The cost of equity can be calculated as follows:E = External equity × Stock price per share − Flotation costsE = 0.6 × ($54 - $6) = $28.8.The market value of debt can be calculated as follows:D = Number of bonds × Par valueD = 0.4 × ($1,000 × 1) = $400.The market value of the firm can be calculated as follows:V = E + D = $28.8 + $400 = $428.8.The weighted average cost of capital is as follows:WACC = (0.6 × 13.33%) + (0.4 × 7.52% × (1 - 0.34)) = 12.58%.Thus, the firm's cost of capital if their capital structure consists of 60% external equity and 40% bonds is 12.58%.Hence, option D is correct.
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what are the two primary methods used to create a risk assessment? a. quantitative and qualitative b. written and verbally c. empirically and emotionally d. inductive and deductiv
a. quantitative and qualitative The two primary methods used to create a risk assessment are quantitative and qualitative approaches.
Quantitative risk assessment involves assigning numerical values to various risk factors, such as probabilities and potential consequences, and using mathematical models to analyze and quantify the overall risk. This method relies on data, statistics, and calculations to provide a quantitative understanding of risks. Qualitative risk assessment, on the other hand, focuses on descriptive and subjective evaluations of risks. It involves assessing risks based on expert judgment, experience, and qualitative criteria such as severity, likelihood, and impact. This method often uses qualitative scales or categories to rank and prioritize risks without assigning specific numerical values.Both quantitative and qualitative methods have their strengths and weaknesses. Quantitative risk assessment provides more precise and measurable results, allowing for data-driven decision making.
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Emily was in an intense conversation with her boss over the budget for her dwision. ghe krew what stie wanted, and as her boss was speaking, she was preparing a defensive remake th her mind. Firsy was engaged in what type of listening? Passtve Aggressive Competitive Active
The conversation between Emily and her boss over the budget for her division was an intense one.
During the conversation, Emily knew what she wanted, and as her boss was speaking,
she was preparing a defensive remark in her mind. Emily was engaged in active listening.
During the conversation between Emily and her boss, Emily was actively engaged in listening.
This type of listening is called active listening.
Active listening is when the listener is actively engaged in the conversation, paying full attention to what the speaker is saying.
Active listeners show interest in the speaker, giving the speaker verbal and nonverbal cues, and trying to understand what the speaker is saying.
Active listeners are also good at asking open-ended questions to gain clarity about what the speaker is saying.
Emily, in this scenario, was actively engaged in listening to her boss.
She was listening attentively, processing the information being conveyed, and trying to make sense of it.
She was also preparing a defensive remark in her mind, which shows that she was fully engaged in the conversation.
Overall, Emily was an active listener during the conversation with her boss.
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Phala-Phala is a retailer, selling mango to Qtavilocal residence. The retailer does not keep full The following is the cash and bank for the year ended 30 June 2022 . Payments: The following further information is available: 1) The loan was received at the beginning of the year and is entitled to 5% interest pa. 2) The motorvehicle disposed of during the year had cost N$10,000 and the accumulated depreciation on it as at 30 June 2021 was N$1,900. 3) Discount received during the year amounted to N$500. Page 3 of 13 4) Goods amounting to N$1,000 at cost were withdrawn by Mr. Phala (owner) during the year 5) Depreciation policy is as follows: a) Fixtures and fittings, 20\% pa on a straight-line basis. b) Motorvehicles, 10\% pa on a reducing-balance basis. b) The allowance fortrade receivables is to be provided at 5% pa on the closing receivables.
Phala-Phala is a mango retailer that sells its products to Qtavilocal residents. Phala-Phala retailer does not maintain full financial statements and has presented cash and bank balances for the year ended 30 June 2022 as follows:
Cash balance as at 1 July 2021 N$6,800 Bank balance as at 1 July 2021 N$2,700 Receipts during the year ended 30 June 2022:
Cash receipts from sales N$23,000 Bank receipts:
Received from trade debtors N$14,200 Received from loan N$5,000 Received from discount received N$500 Received from interest received on bank account N$100 Total receipts for the year ended 30 June 2022 N$43,500 Payments:
Goods purchased for cash N$6,000 Wages and salaries paid N$7,500 Rent paid N$2,500 Loan repayments paid N$5,000 Carriage inwards N$2,000.
The business also received a loan of N$5,000 during the year, which attracted 5% interest per annum. Therefore, the interest received on the loan during the year was N$250. The bank balance as of 30 June 2022 was N$10,950, and the cash balance as of 30 June 2022 was N$16,200.
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a(n) ____ company maintains its management and business operations in its home country while exporting products to or importing products from other countries.
A domestic company, also known as a local company, maintains its management and business operations within its home country.
These companies primarily operate in one country and sell their products and services within that same country. They cater to the local market and do not have plans for international expansion.
A domestic company is subject to the regulations and laws of its home country. It must comply with the rules and regulations set by the government. It has the freedom to export its products to other countries or import products from abroad.
The strategies, policies, procedures, rules, regulations, and decision-making systems of a domestic company are influenced by local preferences and cultural norms of the home country. These businesses, being locally headquartered, often face fewer cultural adjustments and language barriers compared to multinational corporations with global subsidiaries.
In summary, a domestic company operates exclusively within its home country. It produces goods and services for the local market and sells them within the same region. While they may engage in international trade by exporting or importing products, their primary focus remains on the local market.
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What is a major advantage of the fact that the Bank of Canada is largely independent?A> Monetary policy is not subject to control by politicians.B> Monetary policy cannot be changed once it has been completed.C> Monetary policy will always be coordinated with fiscal policy.
One of the major advantages of the fact that the Bank of Canada is largely independent is that monetary policy is not subject to control by politicians.
One of the primary reasons for the independence of the Bank of Canada is to keep politicians from influencing monetary policy directly and unduly.Monetary policy can be more effective and predictable when it is independent and not subject to the whims of politicians.
For example, it can be more effective in dealing with inflationary pressures or recessionary shocks.
The Bank of Canada has been given significant autonomy to make decisions about monetary policy. As a result, it is largely independent of political influence and interference.
The main advantage of this is that monetary policy is not subject to control by politicians. This helps to ensure that monetary policy is carried out in a nonpartisan and professional manner. The central bank is free to use all of the available policy instruments to achieve its objectives, which are primarily related to maintaining price stability and promoting economic growth.
The Bank of Canada's independence also provides a measure of continuity and stability to the country's monetary policy. Monetary policy cannot be changed once it has been completed. Therefore, the Bank of Canada is able to carry out its policy without the need for political interference or influence.
Additionally, because monetary policy is not subject to political considerations, it can be more effective in dealing with inflationary pressures or recessionary shocks.
Finally, because the Bank of Canada is largely independent, monetary policy will always be coordinated with fiscal policy. This helps to ensure that the two policies work in tandem to achieve the country's economic objectives. Fiscal policy is managed by the government, while monetary policy is the responsibility of the central bank.
The two policies must be coordinated to ensure that they are not working at cross purposes.
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Adam and Behati were married for two years and lived in Ontario. They separated one year ago and Adam now wants to start divorce proceedings. He has lived in British Columbia for only five months, but Behati has lived in Ontario for five years. Can Adam start divorce proceedings? If so, in which province(s)? Discuss.
Adam and Behati were married in Ontario and lived there for two years before they separated. Adam now wants to start divorce proceedings, but he has only lived in British Columbia for five months, while Behati has been living in Ontario for five years.
This raises questions regarding jurisdiction. In general, when it comes to divorce, the court has jurisdiction over a couple's legal status if at least one of them meets the province's residency requirements. In Ontario, a couple is eligible to divorce if they have been separated for one year and at least one spouse has resided in Ontario for at least one year immediately before the divorce is sought.
Therefore, if Behati meets Ontario's residency requirements, Adam can initiate divorce proceedings in Ontario. Although he is living in British Columbia, his short residency in the province does not give him the right to start proceedings in British Columbia. As a result, the court with jurisdiction over the couple's divorce will be the one located in Ontario.
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use of the word ""deposit"" instead of ""premium"" or ""savings"" instead of ""insurance policy cash value"" is:
The use of the term deposit instead of premium or savings instead of insurance policy cash value refers to the insurance policy's nature as an investment.
Insurance policies can serve as investment opportunities that allow individuals to save money, build wealth, and pass on assets to future generations. In the insurance industry, the term deposit refers to the money paid by an individual into a savings plan or policy.
This deposit earns interest over time, which is then reinvested into the policy, allowing the savings plan to grow over time. As the policy matures, the individual can withdraw funds from the policy or use the savings to purchase additional insurance coverage. Similarly, the term savings refers to the accumulated cash value of an insurance policy.
This cash value represents the amount of money an individual has invested in the policy and has earned interest on over time. As with a deposit, the cash value of an insurance policy can be used to purchase additional coverage or withdrawn as a lump sum.
In summary, the use of the term deposit or savings instead of premium or insurance policy cash value is a way of highlighting the investment aspect of insurance policies. By framing insurance policies as investment opportunities, insurance companies can attract customers looking to build long-term wealth and financial stability.
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term structure of interest rates consider an economy with a single consumer. there is one good in the economy, which arrives in the form of an exogenous endowment obeying
The term structure of interest rates refers to the relationship between interest rates and the time to maturity of debt instruments. In an economy with a single consumer and one good, the term structure of interest rates can be influenced by various factors.
One important factor that affects the term structure of interest rates is the expectations of future interest rates. If investors anticipate that interest rates will rise in the future, they may demand higher yields on longer-term debt instruments to compensate for the higher interest rates they expect to receive in the future.Conversely, if investors anticipate that interest rates will fall in the future, they may be willing to accept lower yields on longer-term debt instruments.
Another factor that can impact the term structure of interest rates is the liquidity preference of investors. Investors generally prefer more liquid assets, which can be easily bought or sold without significant price changes.Additionally, the term structure of interest rates can be influenced by the risk preferences of investors. Investors typically require a higher return for taking on higher levels of risk. Therefore, investors may demand a higher yield on longer-term debt instruments to compensate for the increased risk.
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cost of machine purchased for use in factory for production $500,000 useful life 5 years expected salvage value(residual value) after useful life $50,000 expected usage of equipment for production during useful life 600,000 units actual production units in first year 70,000 units actual production in second year 80,000 units
The cost of the machine purchased for use in the factory for production is $500,000. Its useful life is 5 years, and it is expected to have a salvage value of $50,000 after the useful life.The expected usage of the equipment for production during its useful life is 600,000 units.
In the first year, the actual production units were 70,000 units, and in the second year, the actual production units were 80,000 units.First, we need to calculate the depreciable cost, which is the cost of the machine minus the expected salvage value. In this case, it would be $500,000 - $50,000 = $450,000. Next, we divide the depreciable cost by the useful life to find the annual depreciation expense. So, $450,000 / 5 = $90,000. Now, we can calculate the depreciation expense for each year:Year 1: $90,000. Year 2: $90,000
Since the actual production units in the first year were 70,000 units and in the second year were 80,000 units, we can calculate the depreciation expense per unit for each year by dividing the annual depreciation expense by the actual production units: Year 1: $90,000 / 70,000 = $1.29 per unit. Year 2: $90,000 / 80,000 = $1.13 per unit. So, the depreciation expense per unit for each year is $1.29 in Year 1 and $1.13 in Year 2.Other depreciation methods,such as units-of-production method, may result in different calculations.
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the hypothesis that market prices reflect all publicly-available information is called efficiency in the: question 49 options: open form. strong form. semi-strong form. weak form. stable form.
Out of these options, the correct answer is:
3. Semi-strong form.
The hypothesis that market prices reflect all publicly-available information is called market efficiency. Market efficiency is classified into different forms based on the type of information that is incorporated into prices.
The semi-strong form of market efficiency states that market prices reflect all publicly available information, including not only historical price data but also information such as company announcements, news, and financial statements. In other words, all publicly-available information is quickly and accurately reflected in the stock prices.
To illustrate this, let's say that a company announces better-than-expected earnings. According to the semi-strong form of market efficiency, this information will be quickly incorporated into the stock price, causing it to rise. Similarly, if negative news about a company is released, the stock price would be expected to fall as this information is also quickly factored into the price.
It is important to note that the semi-strong form of market efficiency does not imply that stock prices are always correct or that they accurately reflect the intrinsic value of a company. Instead, it suggests that all available information is rapidly and efficiently incorporated into prices, making it difficult to consistently outperform the market by trading on public information alone.
In summary, the hypothesis that market prices reflect all publicly-available information is called market efficiency, specifically in the semi-strong form. This form asserts that stock prices promptly and accurately reflect all publicly available information, including company announcements and financial reports.
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when the auditors select a sample from the vouchers payable register at the end of the period and trace the items to underlying documents, the auditors are gathering evidence primarily to support that:
This verification process enhances the overall credibility and trustworthiness of the financial information provided by the company.
When auditors select a sample from the vouchers payable register at the end of the period and trace the items to underlying documents, they are gathering evidence primarily to support the accuracy and completeness of the financial statements. This process is part of the audit procedures performed to ensure the reliability of the financial information presented to stakeholders.
The auditors' main objective is to verify that the transactions recorded in the vouchers payable register are legitimate and properly supported by relevant documents, such as purchase orders, invoices, and receiving reports. By tracing these items, the auditors are confirming that the recorded amounts and details are accurate and valid.
Here is a step-by-step explanation of the process:
1. Selecting a sample: The auditors select a representative sample of transactions from the vouchers payable register. The sample should be statistically significant and cover a range of different types of transactions.
2. Tracing to underlying documents: The auditors then examine the selected transactions and trace them back to the corresponding underlying documents. They compare the information recorded in the vouchers payable register with the details on the documents to ensure consistency.
3. Verifying accuracy and completeness: During the tracing process, the auditors check if the amounts, dates, descriptions, and other relevant information match between the vouchers payable register and the supporting documents. They also ensure that no transactions are missing or omitted.
4. Evaluating internal controls: Additionally, this procedure allows auditors to assess the effectiveness of internal controls over the vouchers payable process. They can identify any weaknesses or irregularities in the recording and approval of transactions.
Overall, the auditors gather this evidence to provide assurance to stakeholders that the financial statements are reliable and fairly presented. It helps to detect any errors, fraud, or misstatements in the financial records related to vouchers payable.
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Imagine that a Harappan importer/exporter lived in Lothal and engaged in trade (indirectly) with Mesopotamia. What kinds of knowledge would the Harappan importer/exporter have had?
The Harappan importer/exporter in Lothal would have had knowledge of trade routes, commodities, currencies, maritime technology, and cultural practices for successful trade with Mesopotamia.
The Harappan importer/exporter from Lothal would have possessed knowledge of trade routes, navigation techniques, commodity prices, cultural practices, and the exchange of goods between Harappa and Mesopotamia. They would have been familiar with the various commodities in demand, such as textiles, metals, precious stones, and agricultural products. Additionally, they would have known about the different currencies, weights, and measures used in both regions. They would have had knowledge of maritime technology, including shipbuilding, sailing, and navigation methods. Cultural understanding, diplomatic protocols, and language skills would have also been essential for successful trade interactions.
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